CN106593407B - A logging tool calibration method and a logging tool calibration device implementing the method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a logging tool calibration method and a logging tool calibration device implementing the method. The logging instrument calibration device includes a standard well fixed on the ground foundation, and a wellbore with a horizontal well axis is arranged in the standard well; it also includes a wellhead device and a filling device, and the wellhead device includes relatively reverse pulling in the direction of the well axis The traction rope and logging cable of the instrument to be tested, the traction rope and the logging cable are connected on two relatively independent reels or on the same reel. In the present invention, the method of dragging by the traction rope is used to pull the instrument to be tested in the wellbore to move along the horizontally extending well axis, so as to simulate the working condition of the logging instrument falling by gravity in the tubing in actual logging, so that the instrument to be tested is moved by gravity. It can move in the borehole without self-weight, complete the simulation of the actual working conditions of the logging instrument, and realize the calibration of the logging signal of the logging instrument. Therefore, the calibration method is suitable for standard wells with box-type structure. The advantage of low calibration cost.

Description

A logging tool calibration method and a logging tool calibration device implementing the method

technical field

The invention relates to a logging tool calibration method and a logging tool calibration device implementing the method.

Background technique

The logging wellhead device is a necessary device for many logging operations such as electrical logging, perforation, and wellbore coring. The quality of its performance directly affects the accuracy of the test data and the timeliness of the operation. At present, there are many standard wells built at home and abroad, but the conventional standard wells usually adopt the same arrangement as the actual wellbore, such as the simulated well device disclosed in the Chinese patent document CN101609170B, including the foundation pit excavated on the actual stratum, There is a solution irrigation buried in the foundation pit, the solution irrigation is filled with a solution with a certain conductivity, and a vertical simulated wellbore is inserted into the solution, so that the logging instrument can be lowered into the simulated wellbore by its own weight to complete the logging. Calibration of various parameters of the instrument. However, for radar logging tools, due to the large logging radius of the radar logging tool, the radius of the solution irrigation and foundation pits in the simulated well device also needs to be increased accordingly, which makes the radar logging tool larger. The cost of calibration of well instruments increases.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a logging tool calibration method with low calibration cost, and also to provide a logging tool calibration device specially used for implementing the calibration method of the logging tool.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the calibration method of the logging tool in the present invention is as follows:

The logging tool calibration method includes the following steps:

Step 1: Put the instrument to be tested with the logging cable into the wellbore of the standard well, the well axis of the wellbore is set horizontally, the axis of the instrument to be tested is parallel or coincident with the wellbore axis of the wellbore, and the A traction rope and a logging cable are connected to the instrument to be tested, and the traction forces of the logging cable and the traction rope acting on the instrument to be tested are opposite to each other in the axial direction of the instrument to be tested;

In step 2, the drilling fluid is injected into the wellbore, and the instrument to be tested is pulled along the shaft of the wellbore by the traction rope to move from one end of the wellbore to the other end, and the signal output by the instrument to be tested is transmitted through the logging cable.

The technical scheme of the logging tool calibration device in the present invention is as follows:

A logging instrument calibration device, including a standard well fixed on the ground foundation, and a wellbore with a well axis horizontally arranged in the standard well; and a wellhead device for pulling the instrument to be logged in the wellbore to move along the well axis direction 2. A filling device for filling logging fluid into a standard well. The wellhead device includes a traction rope and a logging cable that pull the instrument to be measured in opposite directions in the well axis direction. The traction rope and the logging cable are connected in two opposite directions. On separate reels or attached to the same reel.

The wellheads at both ends of the wellbore are defined as the first and second wellheads, respectively, and one of the traction rope and the logging cable is the first rope body used for pulling the instrument to be tested along the wellhead of the first end, and the other is used for pulling the instrument to be tested. When pulling the second rope body of the instrument to be tested along the wellhead of the second end, the first and second rope bodies both pass through the wellhead of the first end of the wellbore; the wellhead device further comprises a The reverse pulley around the second end of the wellhead, the second rope body is divided into a forward section for pulling the instrument to be tested in the direction of the wellhead at the second end and a forward section for pulling the instrument to be tested in the direction of the wellhead at the first end by the reverse pulley. Pulls the reverse segment of the forward segment.

The wellhead device also includes a wellhead flange for plugging and affixed to the wellhead at the second end of the wellbore, the wellhead flange having an inner end surface for facing into the wellbore and an outer end surface facing away from the inner end surface, the reversed direction The pulley is installed on the inner end face of the wellhead flange.

The wellhead device also includes a support pulley between the reverse pulley and the reel corresponding to the second rope body, and the connection line between the support pulley and the reverse pulley for the sticking point of the reverse section is parallel to the wellbore. The well axis or coincides with the well axis of the wellbore.

The well axis direction of the wellbore is defined as the front-to-rear direction, the wellhead device further includes a guiding mechanism for restricting the radial shaking of the logging cable on its corresponding reel and the instrument to be measured, and the guiding mechanism includes a rolling resistance mechanism. Upper limit pulley over the logging cable and/or lower limit pulley for rolling under the logging cable and/or left limit pulley for rolling against the left side of the logging cable and/or To roll against the right limit pulley on the right side of the cable.

The filling device includes a main pipeline, one end of the main pipeline is conductively connected with the wellbore, and the other end is conductively connected with a filling branch for injecting logging fluid into the main pipeline and a vent for discharging the logging fluid in the main pipeline. The branch, the filling branch is provided with a filling pump, and the outlet of the filling branch and the inlet of the venting branch are connected to the corresponding port of the main pipeline, and the inlet of the filling branch and the outlet of the venting branch are connected. It is connected to the accommodating tank for accommodating logging fluid, and the filling branch, the emptying branch and the main pipeline are respectively provided with valves for controlling the on-off of the pipeline.

The logging instrument calibration device also includes a conveying cart for transporting the instrument to be tested. There is a lift mechanism for lifting the bracket.

In the present invention, the method of dragging by the traction rope is used to pull the instrument to be tested in the wellbore to move along the horizontally extending well axis, so as to simulate the working condition of the logging instrument falling by gravity in the tubing in actual logging, so that the instrument to be tested is moved by gravity. It can move in the borehole without self-weight, complete the simulation of the actual working conditions of the logging instrument, and realize the calibration of the logging signal of the logging instrument. Therefore, the calibration method is suitable for standard wells with box-type structure. The advantages of low calibration cost and easy control of the moving speed and moving direction of the instrument to be tested.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the standard well of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the wellhead device of the logging instrument calibration device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the guiding mechanism in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the pushing device of the logging calibration device of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the filling device of the logging calibration device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

An embodiment of the logging instrument calibration method in the present invention: the method includes the following steps: Step 1, put the instrument to be tested with the logging cable into the wellbore of the standard well, and the well axis of the wellbore is set horizontally, so that the The axis of the instrument to be tested is parallel or coincident with the well axis of the wellbore, and a traction rope and a logging cable are connected to the instrument to be tested, and the traction force of the logging cable and the traction rope acting on the instrument to be tested is at the axis of the instrument to be tested. In the second step, the drilling fluid is injected into the wellbore, and the instrument to be tested is pulled along the shaft of the wellbore to move from one end of the wellbore to the other end, and the output of the instrument to be tested is transmitted through the logging cable. Signal.

The embodiment of the logging calibration device in the present invention includes a standard well, a pushing device, a wellhead device and a filling device. Standard well: used to simulate the oil well and the vertical wellbore set on it, and provide a test platform for the calibration of logging instruments. Pushing device: to meet the requirements of connecting, lifting and conveying the instrument to be tested, it can send the instrument to be tested to the position of the same height and inclination as the wellbore of the standard well, so as to facilitate the operator to deliver the instrument to be tested and Maintenance, to ensure the safety of operators and equipment, and to ensure the smooth entry of the instrument to be tested into the wellbore of the standard well. Wellhead device: pulling the instrument to be tested to move in the standard well to calibrate the instrument to be tested through the target model of the standard well. The injection device is used to inject logging fluid into the wellbore of the standard well, so as to simulate the logging operation performed in the vertical wellbore under the condition of injecting the logging fluid in actual logging.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the standard well includes a cement matrix 11 casted on the ground foundation. A wellbore 12 made of glass fiber reinforced plastic is embedded and fixed in the cement matrix 11 , and the well axis of the wellbore 12 is inclined in the horizontal direction. , that is, the front end of the wellbore 12 is higher than the back end. The wellbore 12 is parallel to the right side wall of the cement matrix 11 , and a target model 13 on the left side of the wellbore 12 is embedded and fixed in the cement matrix 11 .

As shown in Figure 2, the wellhead device is mainly composed of a logging traction mechanism and a cable traction mechanism that are relatively independent but work together.

The logging traction mechanism includes a traction winch 31. The traction winch 31 is provided with a traction drum 32 that rotates around an axis extending left and right. A traction rope 33 is wound on the traction drum 32. One end of the traction rope 33 is the winding end and the other One end is the traction end, the winding end of the traction rope 33 is connected to the reel, and the traction end is drawn out from the traction drum 32, and then is connected to the instrument to be tested 4 through the supporting pulley 34 and the reverse pulley 35 in turn. The reverse pulley 35 is rotatably mounted on a wellhead flange 36 around an axis extending from left to right. The wellhead flange 36 is mounted on the rear end of the wellbore 12 to block the rear wellhead of the wellbore 12. The wellhead flange 36 The two end faces are respectively the inner end face and the outer end face facing away from the inner end face for plugging on the rear end wellhead of the wellbore 12 , and the reverse pulley 35 is installed on the inner end face of the wellhead flange 36 through the wheel frame. The support pulley 34 is installed on a support frame 61 provided in front of the wellbore 12 , and the support frame 61 is fixed on a support pier 62 formed by pouring concrete. The reverse pulley 35 and the support pulley 34 divide the traction rope 33 into three sections, which are respectively the forward section 37 between the instrument to be tested 4 and the reverse pulley 35, the reverse pulley 35 and the support pulley. The reverse section 38 between 34 and the winding section 39 between the support pulley 34 and the traction drum 32, wherein the forward section 37 is connected to the instrument under test 4 and pulls the instrument under test 4 backward, reverse The segment 38 pulls the forward segment 37 forward by winding the rope segment passing through the guide pulley, and the winding segment 39 pulls the reverse segment 38 forward under the winding action of the traction drum 32 . The functional requirements of the traction drum 32 are: to provide traction power greater than 500kg; the traction speed is continuously adjustable between 3m/min and 15m/min; a clutch is provided between the traction drum 32 and the corresponding power source; the traction drum 32 There is a braking device; the traction drum 32 is provided with a rotational speed digital display device; the traction drum 32 is provided with a rope arranging device. In use, when the cable pulling mechanism pulls the instrument to be tested 4 to the front wellhead of the wellbore 12, the cable pulling mechanism is loosened; the clutch corresponding to the pulling drum 32 of the logging pulling mechanism is switched to the engaged state; the pulling drum 32 The traction rope 33 is wound at a specified speed. Under the reverse action of the reverse pulley 35, the traction rope 33 pulls the instrument to be tested 4 backward through the forward section 37; the instrument to be tested 4 reaches the rear wellhead position of the wellbore 12 After the stop, the traction reel 32 stops rotating, and the corresponding clutch of the traction reel 32 is switched to the disengaged state; the cable pulling mechanism starts to lift the instrument to be tested 4, and in order to prevent the rotational inertia of the support pulley 34 from lifting the instrument to be tested 4 The impact caused by the brake can be properly loaded. Requirements for the traction rope 33: It is strong and durable. Once the strands of the traction rope 33 are found to be broken, stop using it immediately and replace the traction rope 33 with a new one. The function of the reverse pulley 35 is to reverse the pulling direction of the traction rope 33, so that the forward pulling force of the traction drum 32 acting on the traction rope 33 is redirected to the backward pulling force by the guide pulley. The connection line of the contact point on the support pulley 34 and the reverse pulley 35 and the reverse section 38 of the traction rope 33 is parallel to the well axis of the wellbore 12, so that the reverse section 38 of the traction rope 33 is parallel to the well shaft Well shaft of eye 12. The function of the logging flange is to plug and open the rear wellhead of the wellbore 12, so that the instrument to be tested 4 is pulled into the wellbore 12 with a logging cable by opening the logging flange before logging. , and then install the logging flange on the rear wellhead of the wellbore 12 , until the logging is completed, open the logging flange, and take out the instrument to be tested 4 from the wellbore 12 .

The cable pulling mechanism includes a cable winch located in front of the wellbore 12. The cable winch is provided with a cable drum rotatably assembled around an axis extending left and right, and a logging cable 51 is wound on the cable drum. The two ends of the logging cable 51 are The winding end and the connecting end, the winding end of the logging cable 51 is wound on the cable reel, and the connecting end of the logging cable 51 is drawn out from the cable reel, and then goes around the guiding mechanism 52 and penetrates the well from the front end of the wellbore 12 In the borehole 12, connected to the instrument to be tested 4, the role of the guiding mechanism 52 is to constrain the logging cable 51 in the radial direction to prevent the logging cable 51 from swinging during the pulling process. As shown in FIG. 3 , the guiding mechanism 52 is installed on the support pier 62 together with the support frame 61 . The guiding mechanism 52 is mainly composed of an upper limit pulley 53 , a lower limit pulley 54 , a left limit pulley 55 and a right limit pulley. The upper limit pulley 53 rolls against the top of the logging cable 51 to prevent the logging cable 51 from swinging upward. The lower limit pulley 54 rolls against the bottom of the logging cable 51 to prevent the logging cable 51 from swinging downward. The left limit pulley 55 rolls against the left side of the logging cable 51 to prevent the logging cable 51 from swinging to the left. The right limit pulley rolls against the right side of the logging cable 51 to prevent the logging cable 51 from swinging to the right. In addition, the upper limit pulley 53 and the lower limit pulley 54 are arranged to roll up and down to form a set of vertical limit units that limit the vertical swing of the logging cable 51, and the left limit pulley 55 and the right limit pulley are arranged to roll left and right and A set of horizontal limit units for restricting the logging cable 51 to swing in the horizontal direction are formed. The horizontal limit unit and the vertical limit unit form a guide mechanism 52 for limiting the logging cable 51 in any radial direction. During the calibration process of the instrument 4 to be tested, the guiding mechanism 52 keeps the logging cable 51 at the center of the front end of the wellbore 12 all the time; the vertical limiting unit vertically limits the logging cable 51 to a point , and the upper limit pulley 53 and the lower limit pulley 54 in the vertical limit unit can move up and down relative to each other, so as to facilitate the insertion of the logging cable 51 with the logging bridle at the connection end; The cable 51 is restricted to pass through at one point in the horizontal direction, which can avoid the lateral pulling force caused by the inclination between the cable reel on the logging winch and the logging cable 51 to cause the logging cable 51 to be deflected.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the push device is composed of several push carts 7 . The structure of each push cart 7 is the same. The push trolley 7 includes a frame structure 71, the bottom of the frame 71 is provided with wheels 72, the height of the frame 71 can be raised and lowered, and the top of the frame 71 is provided with a scissor-type lifting mechanism 73, the lifting mechanism 73 adopts A drive structure in the form of a screw and nut, a bracket 74 is provided on the top of the lifting mechanism 73, and a supporting roller 75 is rotated and assembled on the bracket 74 around the axis extending left and right, and the supporting roller 75 can be supported on the instrument to be tested 4 support below. The length of the frame 71 can be adjusted according to the instrument to be tested 4. After adjustment, the length difference between the instrument to be tested 4 and the frame 71 should be controlled at about two meters; when connecting the instrument to be tested 4, adjust each push cart 7 to the same height In the same line position, the instrument under test 4 is horizontally visited on the supporting rollers 75 of each push cart 7, so as to facilitate the connection, maintenance and inspection of the instrument under test 4 on each push cart 7. Preparatory work before testing Since the length of the wellbore 12 of the radar standard well reaches 30 meters, and the height difference between the front and rear ends of the wellbore 12 is 0.6 meters, the instrument to be tested 4 enters the wellbore 12 from the rear end of the wellbore 12 to perform well logging; After that, the instrument 4 to be tested is pulled to the rear wellhead position by the logging traction mechanism, and the operator pulls the instrument to be tested 4 onto the push cart 7, and the height of the push cart 7 makes the instrument to be tested 4 in a horizontal state, and the operation can be carried out. Maintenance and disassembly of the instrument under test 4.

As shown in Figure 5, the filling device is mainly composed of a holding tank 81 and a three-way pipeline. The accommodating pool 81 is located on the right side of the cement base 11, and the accommodating pool 81 is equipped with a logging fluid for pouring into the wellbore 12, and the logging fluid can be selected from mud. The three-way pipeline is pre-embedded and fixed in the cement matrix 11 and is connected between the holding tank 81 and the wellbore 12. The three-way pipeline mainly consists of the main pipeline 82, the filling branch 83 and the venting branch 84 that intersect and communicate with each other. One end of the main pipeline 82 is conductively connected to the wellbore 12, the other end is at the intersection of the tee pipelines, the inlet of the filling branch 83 is conductively connected to the holding tank 81, and the outlet is in the tee pipeline. At the intersection of the venting branch 84, the outlet of the venting branch 84 is connected to the holding tank 81, the inlet is at the intersection of the three-way pipeline, and a filling pump 85 is provided on the filling branch 83. The injection branch 83 and the venting branch 84 are respectively provided with valves for controlling the on-off of the pipeline. The three valves can be divided into a pump valve 86 on the filling branch 83 and a pump valve 86 on the venting branch 84 according to the pipeline. The vent valve 87 on the main line and the main valve 88 on the main line 82. In the logging preparation stage, close the main valve 88, open the pump valve 86 and the vent valve 87, and open the filling pump 85. The filling pump 85 draws out the logging fluid from one side of the holding tank 81 and injects it from the other side, so as to Realize the circulation of the logging fluid in the holding tank 81 until the viscosity of the logging fluid meets the logging requirements; when filling the wellbore 12 with the logging fluid, open all valves, and in about three minutes, the filling pump 85 will The wellbore 12 is filled with logging fluid; after confirming that the logging fluid is full, close the main valve 88 to maintain the liquid level of the logging fluid in the wellbore 12, and perform logging; after the logging is completed, open the main valve 88 and The valve 87 is vented, and the logging fluid is returned to the holding tank 81. This process takes about one minute.

Another embodiment of the logging calibration device in the present invention: the difference between this embodiment and the previous embodiment is that the traction rope and the logging cable are drawn out from different ends of the wellbore, and the corresponding logging winches and cable winches are located in both ends of the wellbore.

Other embodiments of the logging calibration device in the present invention: the logging traction mechanism and the cable traction mechanism can also share a winch. At this time, the winding directions of the traction rope and the logging cable on the drum of the winch are opposite, so that the traction rope and the logging cable are wound in opposite directions. When one of the logging cables is paid out, the other is taken up.

Claims (8)

1. logging instrument calibration method, is characterized in that, comprises the steps: Step 1: Put the instrument to be tested with the logging cable into the wellbore of the standard well, the well axis of the wellbore is set horizontally, the axis of the instrument to be tested is parallel or coincident with the wellbore axis of the wellbore, and the A traction rope and a logging cable are connected to the instrument to be tested, and the traction forces of the logging cable and the traction rope acting on the instrument to be tested are opposite to each other in the axial direction of the instrument to be tested; Step 2, injecting drilling fluid into the wellbore, and pulling the instrument to be measured along the well axis of the wellbore through the traction rope to move from one end of the wellbore to the other end, and transmitting the signal output by the instrument to be measured through the logging cable; The standard well includes a cement matrix cast on the ground foundation, the wellbore is pre-buried and fixed in the cement matrix in the front and rear extension directions, and the wellbore is close to the right side of the cement matrix; in the cement matrix There are also pre-embedded and fixed target models on the left side of the wellbore with a certain distance from the wellbore. There are multiple target models and they are distributed at intervals in the front and rear directions. 2. The logging instrument calibration device specially used for implementing the logging instrument calibration method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, it comprises a standard well fixed on the ground foundation, and the standard well is provided with a wellbore with a well axis horizontally arranged ; Also includes a wellhead device for pulling the instrument to be tested in the wellbore to move in the direction of the well axis, and a filling device for injecting logging fluid into the standard well, the wellhead device comprising relatively reverse pulling the wellhead device in the direction of the well axis The traction rope and logging cable of the logging instrument, the traction rope and the logging cable are connected on two relatively independent reels or on the same reel; The standard well includes a cement matrix cast on the ground foundation, the wellbore is pre-buried and fixed in the cement matrix in the front and rear extension directions, and the wellbore is close to the right side of the cement matrix; in the cement matrix There are also pre-embedded and fixed target models on the left side of the wellbore with a certain distance from the wellbore. There are multiple target models and they are distributed at intervals in the front and rear directions. 3 . The logging instrument calibration device according to claim 2 , wherein the wellheads at both ends of the wellbore are defined as the first and second end wellheads, respectively, and one of the pulling rope and the logging cable is used for The first rope body is used to pull the instrument to be tested along the wellhead of the first end, and the other is the second rope body used to pull the instrument to be measured along the wellhead of the second end. The first end wellhead passes through; the wellhead device further includes a reverse pulley for the second rope body to wind around at the wellhead position of the second end, and the second rope body is divided by the reverse pulley for the second end. The forward section of the instrument to be tested is pulled in the direction of the wellhead and the reverse section for pulling the forward section towards the wellhead direction of the first end. 4. The logging instrument calibration device according to claim 3, wherein the wellhead device further comprises a wellhead flange for plugging and fixing on the wellhead of the second end of the wellbore, the wellhead flange having a surface for facing the wellbore The inner end face in the eye and the outer end face opposite to the inner end face, the reverse pulley is installed on the inner end face of the wellhead flange. 5. The logging instrument calibration device according to claim 3, wherein the wellhead device further comprises a support pulley between the reverse pulley and the reel corresponding to the second rope body, the support pulley and the reverse pulley The line connecting the sticking points for the opposite sections to be abutted is parallel to or coincident with the well axis of the wellbore. 6. The logging instrument calibration device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the well axis direction of the wellbore is defined as the front and rear direction, and the wellhead device further comprises a Corresponding guiding mechanism for radial shaking of the drum and the instrument to be tested, the guiding mechanism includes an upper limit pulley for rolling against the logging cable and/or a lower limit for rolling against the logging cable The left limit pulley and/or the left limit pulley for rolling against the left side of the logging cable and/or the right limit pulley for rolling against the right side of the lateral cable. 7. The logging instrument calibration device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the filling device comprises a main pipeline, one end of the main pipeline is conductively connected to the wellbore, and the other end is conductively connected for The filling branch for injecting logging fluid into the main pipeline and the venting branch for discharging the logging fluid in the main pipeline are provided with a filling pump, and the outlets of the filling branch and the venting branch are The inlets are converged and connected to the corresponding ports of the main pipeline, the inlet of the filling branch and the outlet of the venting branch are connected to the holding tank for accommodating the logging fluid, and the filling branch, the venting branch and the main pipeline are respectively set. There are valves used to control the on-off of pipelines. 8. The logging instrument calibration device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the logging instrument calibration device further comprises a conveying cart for conveying the instrument to be tested, and the conveying cart comprises a cart The frame and the bracket set on it for supporting the instrument to be tested are provided with a lifting mechanism for lifting the bracket between the bracket and the frame.

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