CN106591203A - Panebacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 and application thereof - Google Patents
Panebacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a panebacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 and an application thereof. The strain is preserved in China Center for Type Culture Collection with preservation number of CCTCC NO: M 2016720. A volatile substance, generated from solid-state fermentation of the panebacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 provided by the invention, has a good effect of controlling plant pathogenic nematode, namely root-knot nematode, and animal pathogenic nematode, namely haemonchus contortus; fermented supernatant liquid of the strain has an excellent effect of controlling the root-knot nematode and various pathogenic fungi; meanwhile, the panebacillus polymyxa and metabolites have an excellent property of promoting the growth of tomato plants; at the same time, the fermented supernatant liquid is excellent in effect of inhibiting incubation of root-knot nematode; and the panebacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 is capable of preventing nematodes from various ways, the panebacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 is safe and is excellent in application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of agricultural microbiology, and in particular to a kind of Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 and its
Using.
Background technology
Root knot nematode disease is a kind of universal soil-borne disease, and the root knot nematode disease caused by root-knot nematode is that occur
Various Vegetables such as one of serious harm on vegetable, main harm Fructus Cucumidis sativi, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti and Fructus Solani melongenae.And as planting industry is tied
The adjustment of structure, the rapid expansion of vegetable protecting field cultivated area, the generation of root knot nematode disease is serious year by year, and production loss reaches
30%-50%.Meanwhile, plant root-knot nematode harm has increased the soil transmissibility fungal disease such as droop, root rot again and part is thin
The generation of fungus diseases.A big obstacle of current vegetable production is become.Therefore, to the preventing and treating of root knot nematode disease, especially
For important.
Preventing and treating to root-knot nematode, domestic at present mainly to adopt chemical nematicides, such as chloropicrin, bromomethane, drop drop is mixed
Agent, Bromofume, dibromopropane and vapor Furadan, phonamiphoss, Aldicarb and metham-sodium etc..Although chemical agent parasite killing is fast,
Effect is good, but consumption is big, high cost, and to people and animals' severe toxicity, destroys soil microenvironment.In recent years, with the progress of science and technology
With the reinforcement of people's environmental consciousness, biological control method causes the great attention of people, will be increasingly becoming the weight of integrated control
Want one of means.
Haemonchus contortuss (Haemonchus contortus) are that a kind of main pathogen for colonizing in ruminant is parasitic
Worm, causes great economic loss in the aquaculture of goat and sheep.The preventing and treating of haemonchus contortuss is relied primarily on
Anthelmintic, but due to extensive Drug resistance, now new medicine is urgently researched and developed.
Paenibacillus polymyxa (Paenibacillus polymyxa) is a kind of sporiferous gram-positive bacterium, with
Before belong to Bacilluss, Ash be equal to 1993 it is independent from Bacilluss, set up class Bacilluss.It is many
Viscous class bacilluss belong to a member of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), are the extensive biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion strains of comparison of current application.It is many
Viscous class bacilluss have diversified biological activity：As microbial manure, make with dissolving phosphor and dissolving potassium effect, biological nitrogen fixation
With；It is colonized in plant rhizosphere, in some cases, can secrete phytohormone, such as ethylene (ethylene), auxin
(auxins), heteroauxing (IAA), the basic element of cell division (cytokinins) of adenine derivative class, double terpene compound class
Gibberellins (gibberellins) etc. promote plant growing and the development of root；The material of plant secretion specificity, induction is stimulated to plant
The raising of thing resistance, so as to increase resistivity of the plant to various pest and disease damages；The various plant pathogeny organisms of antagonism in soil,
So as to escort for plant growing.The has a broad antifungal spectrum of Paenibacillus polymyxa, Rhizoctonia solani (Rhizoctonia
Solani), grey Fructus Vitis viniferae born of the same parents bacterium (Botrytis cinerea), leaf muld of tomato (Cladosporium fulvum), Pythium ultimum
Bacterium (Pythium ultimum), pythium debaryanum (Pythium debaryanum), sharp born of the same parents Fusarium spp. (Fusarium
Oxysporum), Candida albicans (Candida albicans), Anthopleura lanthogrammica (Berkly). epiphytic fungi (Aspergillus oryzae), rice
Aspergillosis (Aspergillus oryzae), aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger), staphylococcus aureus
(Staphylococcus aureus) etc. all has good antagonistic activity.Paenibacillus polymyxa can produce various biological living
Property material, such as enzyme, antibiotic substance, phytohormone and flocculant, these active substances are mostly protein, polysaccharide, polypeptide
With metabolite etc..Tong Yunhui et al. reports Paenibacillus polymyxa and has the effect for improving Fructus Lycopersici esculenti botrytis resistant evil ability,
And disease resisting effect can reach 23.4%-64.5%.Wu Shiyun etc. reports what is obtained using the separation from around Flos Lonicerae rhizosphere
Paenibacillus polymyxa suppresses Prunus persicanucipersica Schneider penicilliosiss to have received good effect.Beaty etc. reports Paenibacillus polymyxa to black
Radix Pini massonianae maize ear rot has good control action.Landa etc. reports Paenibacillus polymyxa to be had well to Brassica campestris L canker
Biocontrol Effect.Guo Fangfang et al. reports Paenibacillus polymyxa has good effect to the preventing and treating of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti damping off, can make
Sickness rate reduces by 38.6%.Old snow is beautiful et al. to report the Paenibacillus polymyxa preventing and treating effect good to Fructus Cucumidis sativi and tomato wilt
Really.N.Rastogi etc. has found that the polymyxin E that Paenibacillus polymyxa is produced has fine preventive and therapeutic effect to mycobacterium tuberculosis.
The Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 that the present invention is provided possesses nematicide, suppresses root-knot nematode egg hatching activity
Effect, and its volatile material for producing also has nematicide function.The present invention is from Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1
In 11 kinds of volatile material that identification is obtained, there are part volatile material contact killing root-knot nematode and haemonchus contortuss to live
Property, smoked kill root-knot nematode activity, and the chemotaxiss to root-knot nematode have an impact.
The content of the invention
Object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1, the bacterial strain is in December, 2016
Deliver to China typical culture collection center preservation, Classification And Nomenclature within 6th：Paenibacillus polymyxa (Paenibacillus
Polymyxa) KM2501-1, deposit number：CCTCC NO：M 2016720, address：Wuhan, China Wuhan University.The bacterial strain
Fermentation liquid possesses preferable killing plant pathogenic nematicide root-knot nematode and animal pathogenic nematicide haemonchus contortuss effect, suppresses various
The effect and promotion tomato plant strain growth effect of pathogenic fungi, while can also suppress the activity of root-knot nematode egg hatching, it can also
Produce the volatile material of nematocide function.
Further object is that there is provided the application of Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1, including many viscous class buds
The application of born of the same parents bacillus KM2501-1 or its tunning in preparing treatment or preventing nematicide medicine, including many viscous class brood cell's bars
The application of bacterium and its metabolite in tomato plant strain growth is promoted, including Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 or its fermentation product
Thing is preparing the application in suppressing plant root-knot nematode egg hatching medicine, including Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 or its fermentation
Application of the product in preparing treatment or preventing various pathogenic fungi medicines.
In order to reach object above, the present invention takes following measures：
A kind of Paenibacillus polymyxa fermented supernatant fluid, its preparation process is as follows：
Applicant glues class brood cell's bar more from organic composite pollution Herba Ranunculi Japonici rhizosphere soil in Jiangxi Province Hukou County is isolated one plant
Bacterium KM2501-1, the bacterial strain delivers to China typical culture collection center preservation, Classification And Nomenclature on December 6th, 2016：It is many
Viscous class bacilluss (Paenibacillus polymyxa) KM2501-1, deposit number：CCTCC NO：M 2016720, ground
Location：Wuhan, China Wuhan University.
Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 has phosphorus decomposing, Starch Hydrolysis isoreactivity, can produce after cultivation and fermentation
The materials such as the enzyme materials such as protease, cellulase and ammonia, thermophilic ferrum element.
The application of Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1：
Treatment or pre- defence line are being prepared including the volatile material that Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 solid fermentation is produced
Application in parasitosis medicine；Described nematicide includes Meloidogyne incognita or haemonchus contortuss, described volatile material bag
In including methyl n-heptyl ketone, 2- nonyl alcohols, 2- decanones, 2- decanol, 2- undecyl ketones, 2- undecyl alcohols, 4- acetylbenzoic acids or furfural acetone
One or more.
Including Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 or its fermented supernatant fluid in preparing treatment or preventing nematicide medicine
Application；Described nematicide includes the Meloidogyne incognita disease of plant or the haemonchus contortus disease of animal.
Including the application of Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 and its metabolite in tomato plant strain growth is promoted.
Preparing treatment or preventing pathogenic fungi disease medicine including Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 or its fermented supernatant fluid
Application in thing, described funguses include one or more in Rhizoctonia cereali, Semen Tritici aestivi total eclipse bacterium or rape endophytic bacterial.
Suppression plant root-knot nematode egg hatching is being prepared including Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 or its fermented supernatant fluid
Application in medicine.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below：
1. Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 tunnings can kill and contact the various ways such as kill by volatility
Preventing and treating plant root-knot nematode；
2. Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 fermented supernatant fluids have suppression root-knot nematode egg hatching and various cause of diseases true
The effect of bacterium, while tomato plant strain growth can also be promoted.In sum, the bacterial strain has preventing and treating plant root-knot nematodes well
It is one plant of very promising rhizosphere growth-promoting biocontrol microorganisms with the function of pathogenic fungi disease.
3. solid fermentation volatile products have very strong inhibition to Meloidogyne incognita, and in vitro prevention effect is
92.3%.Fermented liquid supernatant greenhouse prevents and treats Meloidogyne incognita effect up to 82.61%, the Paenibacillus polymyxa tunning
It is the bacterial strain of one plant of great development prospect with several functions.
4. it is right by the test of chmice acute Oral toxicity, acute Jing respiratory tracts toxicity test and acute injection toxicity test
Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 fermentation liquids carry out preliminary study to the Acute Toxicity of mammal, it was demonstrated that glue class bud more
Born of the same parents bacillus KM2501-1 is nontoxic, and for safety applications of the bacterial strain in agricultural production plant pest management foundation is provided.
5. the volatile material that Paenibacillus polymyxa is produced can be by contact kill, smoked kill root-knot nematode and impact root knot
The various ways such as the chemotaxiss of nematicide are preventing and treating plant root-knot nematode.
6. the volatile material that Paenibacillus polymyxa is produced can kill animal haemonchus contortuss and then to animal line
Parasitosis is prevented and treated.
7. solid-phase microextraction and method (SPME-GC-MS) associated with makings are utilized from Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1
Identification in fermentation liquid obtains 11 kinds of volatile material, wherein 8 kinds of volatile material have good killing root-knot nematode and twisted blood
Lance nematicide activity, 6 kinds have good smoked kill root-knot nematode activity, and 7 kinds of volatile material have stable chemotactic to root-knot nematode
Property.Integrated use volatile material nematicide, smoked kill nematicide and this 3 characteristics of impact chemotactic on nematicide, can improve and kill
The effect of nematicide agent, the foundation for novel pesticide provides foundation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of preparation figure of Paenibacillus polymyxa fermented supernatant fluid
Fig. 2 is volatile material nematicide experiment schematic diagram in a kind of Paenibacillus polymyxa product by solid-state fermentation
Fig. 3 be Gc-mss (A) Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 fermentation liquids, (B) KMB culture medium total ion current
Figure
Fig. 4 is measure root-knot nematode chemotaxiss device
Specific embodiment
Experimental technique in following embodiments, if no special instructions, is the microbiology conventional practices of report.Institute
With reagent or material, if not otherwise specified, commercial channel is derived from.
Embodiment 1：
The acquisition of Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1：
Applicant glues class brood cell's bar more from organic composite pollution Herba Ranunculi Japonici rhizosphere soil in Jiangxi Province Hukou County is isolated one plant
Bacterium KM2501-1, the bacterial strain delivers to China typical culture collection center preservation, Classification And Nomenclature on December 6th, 2016：It is many
Viscous class bacilluss (Paenibacillus polymyxa) KM2501-1, deposit number：CCTCC NO：M 2016720, ground
Location：Wuhan, China Wuhan University.The physio-biochemical characteristics and cultural characters of Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 are as shown in table 1.
The physio-biochemical characteristics and cultural characters of the Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 of table 1
Embodiment 2：
The preparation of Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 fermentation liquids：
Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 is activated in flat lining out, single bacterium colony is to equipped with 100 milliliters on plate of making even
In the triangular flask of KMB culture medium, cultivation temperature is 28 DEG C；Shaking speed 180rpm；Incubation time 48h；Obtain many viscous class brood cells
Bacillus KM2501-1 fermentation liquids (present invention or abbreviation KM2501-1 fermentation liquids), 8000rpm centrifugation 15min obtain many viscous class brood cells
Bacillus KM2501-1 fermented supernatant fluids (present invention or abbreviation KM2501-1 fermented supernatant fluids) and thalline, by thalline distilled water weight
It is outstanding, by OD600Value is adjusted to 0.8, and used as Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 bacteria suspensions, (present invention or abbreviation KM2501-1 bacterium are outstanding
Liquid), for following examples.
Embodiment 3：
Applications of the Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 in preparing treatment or preventing plant root-knot nematodes medicine, including
Following step：
Toxicity tests of the KM2501-1 to Meloidogyne incognita
1) toxicity test is carried out with 96 orifice plates, 20-30 head Meloidogyne incognitas is added per hole；
2) the Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 fermented supernatant fluids of 120 μ L filtration sterilizations of every hole addition (make by embodiment 2
It is standby)；
3) 4 groups of Setup Experiments：
KM2501-1 fermented supernatant fluid groups (1 × CF):KM2501-1 fermented supernatant fluids+Meloidogyne incognita；
1/2 concentration KM2501-1 fermented supernatant fluid group (1/2 × CF):1/2 concentration KM2501-1 fermented supernatant fluid+south root
Tie lines worm；
1/4 concentration KM2501-1 fermented supernatant fluid group (1/4 × CF):1/4 concentration KM2501-1 fermented supernatant fluid+south root
Tie lines worm；
Matched group (CK):KMB culture medium+Meloidogyne incognita.
4) 20 DEG C of cultures, count once per 24h, and observation counts on 72h；
5) visually observe or dye observation and determine dead borer population amount, the results are shown in Table 2.
Isolated experiment effect of the KM2501-1 fermented supernatant fluids of table 2 to Meloidogyne incognita
As a result show, compare with control, the KM2501-1 fermented supernatant fluids of variable concentrations all have very to Meloidogyne incognita
Good isolated experiment effect.
Embodiment 4：
Applications of the Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 in preparing treatment or preventing various pathogenic fungi medicines, including
Following step：
KM2501-1 is determined to the inhibitory activity of various pathogenic fungi
1) activation of pathogenic fungi and culture：Fritter Rhizoctonia cereali, Semen Tritici aestivi are taken out from the test tube slant of 4 DEG C of preservations complete
Erosion bacterium and rape endophytic bacterial mycelia block, are connected to respectively PDA culture medium flat board central authorities, are placed in (25 DEG C) culture 1-2d of room temperature, continuously
Activation 2-3 time it is stand-by；
2) using flat board opposite culture method preliminary screening active bacterial strain.The pathogenic fungi truffle for having activated is connected in advance
PDA plate central authorities, around anomaly plate central authorities pathogenic bacteria block diameter 5mm circular holes are got at edge 1cm, and 20 μ L are added in hole
KM2501-1 fermented supernatant fluids (prepared by embodiment 2), 28 DEG C continue cultivate 1-2d, when Rhizoctonia cereali, rape endophytic bacterial or
When gaeumannomyces graminis length is to flat board side, the inhibition zone and inhibition level of each antibacterial is determined.Observation inhibition zone and inhibition.Knot
Fruit is shown in Table 3.
The KM2501-1 fermented supernatant fluids of table 3 suppress pathogenic fungi determination of activity result
As a result show, KM2501-1 fermented supernatant fluids are withered to Semen Tritici aestivi stricture of vagina, Semen Tritici aestivi total eclipse and rape endophytic bacterial have certain
Inhibition.
Embodiment 5：
The greenhouse experiments of KM2501-1 fermented supernatant fluids or bacteria suspension to Meloidogyne incognita disease
1) tomato seeds sterilization treatment, 70% (V/V) alcohol disinfecting 1min, 2% (W/W) hypochlorite disinfectant 10min, nothing
Bacterium water washing 3 times；
2) nursery：Tomato seeds are sowed in greenhouse Nutrition Soil；
3) transplant：Or so two weeks after to be emerged is transplanted, compost about 1000g (gloomy soil：Nutrition Soil:Husky=1：1：1),
A Fructus Lycopersici esculenti is inoculated with per basin；
4) transplant after 2d, be inoculated with biocontrol microorganisms sample, be inoculated with the KM2501-1 bacteria suspensions or supernatant 10mL of variable concentrations, connect
3 apertures are uniformly inserted around tomato seedling with Glass rod when planting, bacteria suspension and fermented supernatant fluid is injected respectively from aperture, so
After covered sterilized soil, after inoculation 2d, the dilution of 10mL (about 200/mL) worm suspension is instiled in Fructus Lycopersici esculenti root.After infection, only with spray
Kettle water spray makes blade face soil face moisturizing, in case nematicide is flushed away, management of normally being watered after 3d, in warm indoor cultivation, temperature 22-
25 DEG C, relative humidity 30% carefully extracts tomato plant after 60d, cleaned in the soil of root with clear water, counts all plant
Root knot quantity and root length, root weight, Plant weight.
5) experiment sets 11 groups of process：
5 groups of variable concentrations bacteria suspension treatment group (BS):Variable concentrations KM2501-1 bacteria suspensions+Meloidogyne incognita；
5 groups of variable concentrations fermented supernatant fluid treatment group (CF)：Variable concentrations KM2501-1 fermented supernatant fluids+Root Knot line
Worm；
Matched group (CK)：Water+Meloidogyne incognita；
6) nematicide about 2000 is inoculated with per basin；
7)：Method point 0～5 grade of the root knot index with reference to Negron and Acosta.(Negron J A,Acosta,N.The
Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.coffeae-Meloidogyne incognita complex in bourbon
coffee[J].Nematropica,1989,19:161-168.)
0 grade：Without root knot or pieces of an egg；
1 grade：1～2 root knot or pieces of an egg/strain；
2 grades：3～10 root knots or pieces of an egg/strain；
3 grades：11～30 root knots or pieces of an egg/strain；
4 grades：31～100 root knots or pieces of an egg/strain；
5 grades：More than 100 root knots or pieces of an egg/strain.
Experimental data is counted using SPSS17.0 statistical analysis softwares, and prevention effect the results are shown in Table 4, promotes plant growing effect
Fruit is shown in Table 5.
The greenhouse experiments result of the KM2501-1 fermented supernatant fluids of table 4 and bacteria suspension to Meloidogyne incognita disease
The growth-promoting effect of the KM2501-1 fermented supernatant fluids of table 5 and bacteria suspension to tomato plant
As a result show, the KM2501-1 fermented supernatant fluids and bacteria suspension of variable concentrations have certain to Meloidogyne incognita disease
Prevention effect, the prevention effect of wherein original content fermented supernatant fluid is best.And to the growth of plant, including root length, root weight
There is obvious facilitation with Seedling weight.
Embodiment 6：
KM2501-1 fermented supernatant fluids are to Meloidogyne incognita egg hatching Inhibition test
1) obtain that size is homogeneous from Fructus Lycopersici esculenti root picking, sterilization nematicide egg capsule block in good condition；
2) egg capsule hatching Inhibition test is carried out with 96 orifice plates, it is each in 96 orifice plates to add KM2501- after 200 μ L filtration sterilizations
1 fermented supernatant fluid (prepared by embodiment 2), concentration is respectively 1 ×, 1/4 ×, 1/10 × and 1/20 ×；
3) chloromycetin that 2 μ L concentration are 30mg/mL is added per hole；
4) the root-knot nematode pieces of an egg of an egg capsule little damage are added；
5) experiment sets 5 groups of process：
The KM2501-1 fermented supernatant fluids (CF) of 4 groups of variable concentrations:KM2501-1 fermented supernatant fluids+the root knot of variable concentrations
Nematicide pieces of an egg；
Matched group：Sterilized water+root-knot nematode pieces of an egg；
Each sample arranges 7 repetitions, and 96 orifice plates are covered, and with sealing film phonograph seal；
6) 96 orifice plates are placed in into 25 DEG C of incubators to cultivate, every hole are observed and counted in 48h and hatches nematicide number, calculate various kinds
Product process the ratio of nematicide egg capsule relative comparison hatching：Treatment group hatches nematicide number/matched group and hatches nematicide number (%).
Experimental data is counted using SPSS17.0 statistical analysis softwares, the results are shown in Table 6.
The KM2501-1 fermented supernatant fluids of table 6 suppress root-knot nematode egg hatching isolated experiment result
As a result show that variable concentrations KM2501-1 fermented supernatant fluids have certain suppression root-knot nematode egg hatching effect, its
In undiluted KM2501-1 fermented supernatant fluids inhibition it is optimal, incubation rate is only the 7.74% of matched group.
Embodiment 7：
In vitro preventing and treating of the KM2501-1 product by solid-state fermentation to Meloidogyne incognita
1) first and second lattice pour WA culture medium in three lattice culture dishs, and the 3rd lattice pour KMB solid mediums into, after cooling,
Inoculation KM2501-1 single bacterium colonies are streak culture on solid medium, seal film phonograph seal；
2) after 28 DEG C of constant incubator culture 24h, about 200 J2 phases are separately added in first and second lattice WA culture medium
Meloidogyne incognita；
3) 2 groups of process of Setup Experiments：Experimental group：Inoculation KM2501-1+ Meloidogyne incognitas, matched group：It is not inoculated with
KM2501-1+ Meloidogyne incognitas, each sample arranges two repetitions, and whole experiment also arranges two repetitions；
4) 28 DEG C of constant incubators are continued to process after 24h, nematicide activity is observed under inverted microscope and nematicide is counted
Death toll, calculates mortality rate；
5) under the microscope with dissecting needle by nematicide stiff in WA culture medium be transferred to fresh WA culture medium flat plates or
In sterilized water, place for 28 DEG C and examine under a microscope whether nematicide brings back to life after 24h, if brought back to life, be shown to be narcotic temporary
When property；If do not brought back to life, the activity for showing volatile matter is lethal and permanent.
Experimental data is counted using SPSS17.0 statistical analysis softwares, the results are shown in Table 7.
The KM2501-1 solid fermentation volatile material killing root-knot nematode experimental results of table 7
Note：Experimental group：Inoculation KM2501-1+ Meloidogyne incognitas, matched group：It is not inoculated with KM2501-1+ Root Knot lines
Worm, each sample arranges two repetitions, and whole experiment also arranges two repetitions.
As a result show the volatile material that KM2501-1 solid fermentation is produced, there is in vitro anti-well to Meloidogyne incognita
Control effect.
Embodiment 8：
KM2501-1 is studied the acute toxicological experiment of mice
1) preparation of fermentation liquid：Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 strains are taken out from -20 DEG C of guarantor's tube, in
It is streak culture on KMB culture medium solid agar flat boards, choose after bacterium colony is grown single bacterium colony cultivate in 10mL fluid mediums to
Logarithmic (log) phase, is inoculated in the 500mL triangular flasks equipped with KMB fluid medium 200mL, 180r/ at 28 DEG C with 1% inoculum concentration
Min fermentation culture 5d, after trophosome is substantially all and to form brood cell, surveys number method and counts colony-forming units with dilution plate, will
Fermentation liquid brood cell's concentration is adjusted to experiment concentration and is sub-packed in 1.5mL centrifuge tubes, and 4 DEG C save backup.
2) acute oral toxicity test：With reference to the side in microbial pesticide toxicology test standard NY/T 2186.1-2012
Method, by mice five groups are randomly divided into, 10 per group, male and female half and half.Overnight fasting before animal subject administration, drinking-water is not limited.With filling
The disposable gastric infusion of stomach tube connection 1mL syringes, treatment group is administered respectively 1 × 108CFU/ only, 1 × 109CFU/ only and 1 ×
1010Only, matched group does not connect bacterium culture medium and normal saline to CFU/ for same volume (0.2mL).After administration continue fasting 3h～
4h.Continuous observation 21d after administration, observes the clinical manifestation of mice and death condition and determines the body weight and organ coefficient of mice.
3) acute Jing respiratory tracts toxicity test：With reference in microbial pesticide toxicology test standard NY/T 2186.1-2012
Method, mice is randomly divided into into five groups, 10 per group, male and female half and half.Tested material by intranasal instillation mode once daily,
Keep mice nose slightly to put 30～60s upwards after collunarium to will not flow out to guarantee medicinal liquid.Treatment group is administered respectively 1 × 108CFU/
Only, 1 × 109CFU/ and 1 × 1010Only, matched group does not connect bacterium culture medium and normal saline to CFU/ for same volume (20 μ L).
Continuous observation 21d after administration, observes the clinical manifestation of mice and death condition and determines the body weight and organ coefficient of mice.
4) acute injection toxicity test：With reference to side in microbial pesticide toxicology test standard NY/T 2186.1-2012
Method, by mice five groups are randomly divided into, 10 per group, male and female half and half.Tested material Jing tail vein injection once daily.Treatment group
1 × 107CFU/, 1 × 108CFU/ and 1 × 109CFU/ is administered respectively only, and matched group does not connect for same volume (0.1mL's)
Bacterium culture medium and normal saline.Continuous observation 21d after administration, the clinical manifestation of observation mice and death condition simultaneously determine mice
Body weight and organ coefficient.
5) measure of organ coefficient：Acute oral toxicity test, acute Jing respiratory tracts toxicity test and acute injection toxicity
Test mice is observed to 21d, and using cervical dislocation mice is put to death.Gross anatomy inspection is carried out to it, record is observed
Macropathology change, and heart, lungs, liver, kidney, spleen and thymus are won immediately, with normal saline flushing, filter paper
Weigh after blotting, each organ mass is multiplied by 100 organ coefficients for obtaining final product each organ with the ratio of TBW.
6) data statisticss and analysis：Experimental data carries out statistical analysiss with the Chinese edition softwares of SPSS 17.0, compares between group
With one factor analysis of variance, as a result represented with " mean+SD ".The organ index of each treatment group such as table 8, table 9, table 10
It is shown.
The Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 fermentation liquids oral administration of table 8 processes the organ coefficient (%) of each group mice
The Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 fermentation liquids collunarium of table 9 processes the organ coefficient (%) of each group mice
The Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 intravenous injections of table 10 process the organ coefficient (%) of each group mice
Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 is oral, after respiratory tract and intravenous administration, experimental mice body weight with compare
Without significance change, also no significance changes and pathological changes phenomenon the organ index of mice group compared with matched group.Therefore recognize
For Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 fermentation liquids are oral, respiratory tract and intravenous injection infection are nontoxic to mice.
Embodiment 9
The identification of Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 volatile material
1) in taking the ml headspace bottle of KM2501-1 fermentation liquids (prepared by embodiment 2) 9mL to 15mL dresses, using 75 μm of CAR/
PDMS solid-phase micro-extraction fibres head extracts 90min under 60 DEG C of water bath conditions, is compared using KMB culture medium extracts；
2) mass spectral analyses are carried out using 7890GC/5975MSD gas chromatograph-mass spectrometers after the completion of extracting, result, this experiment is obtained
It is repeated 3 times.
3) according to result (shown in Fig. 3), 11 kinds of volatile material that identification is obtained are entered into the purchase of rower product, wherein 10 kinds are waved
Volatile material is commercially available, and details are shown in Table 11.
The volatile material mark product information table of table 11
Embodiment 10
The killing root-knot nematode determination of activity of Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 volatile material
1) toxicity test is carried out with 96 orifice plates, 20-30 head Meloidogyne incognitas is added per hole；
2) the volatile material mark product of the variable concentrations of 120 μ L filtration sterilizations are added per hole, using solvent as a control group；
3) 20 DEG C of cultures, determine 48h mortality rates
4) visually observe or dye observation and determine dead borer population amount, each experiment is repeated 3 times, and utilizes Probit
Analysis (SPSS 17.0) calculates 2 days killing root-knot nematode median lethal concentration (LC of each mark product50/2d) the results are shown in Table 12.
Table 12：KM2501-1 identification volatile material killing root-knot nematode activity
It can be seen from the results that there is 8 kinds there is good killing root-knot nematode activity in 10 kinds of mark product of purchase.
Embodiment 11
The smoked kill root-knot nematode determination of activity of Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 volatile material
1) toxicity test is carried out with 96 orifice plates, the variable concentrations of a hole 200 μ L filtration sterilizations of addition in the middle of 96 orifice plates
Volatile material mark product, compared using solvent；
2) 120 μ L distilled waters and the Root Knot line of 100 or so are respectively added in 4 adjacent all around holes of the hole
Worm；
3) 20 DEG C of cultures, determine 72h mortality rates
4) visually observe or dye observation and determine dead borer population amount, each experiment is repeated 4 times, and utilizes Probit
Analysis (SPSS 17.0) calculates 3 days smoked kill root-knot nematode median lethal concentration (LC of each mark product50/3d) the results are shown in Table 13.
The KM2501-1 of table 13 identification volatile material smoked kill root-knot nematode activity
It can be seen from the results that there is 6 kinds there is good smoked kill root-knot nematode activity in 10 kinds of mark product of purchase.
Embodiment 12
Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 volatile material to root-knot nematode chemotactic assay
1) preparation of drug sensitive test paper：No. 1 qualitative filter paper of Xinhua is taken with reference to disk diffusion method, breaking into radius with card punch is
5.6mm (area 1cm2) circular shaped patches, be respectively put in the dry PA bottles of cleaning, close the lid sealing, goes out in 121 DEG C of high pressure
Bacterium 20min；
2) preparation of chemotactic flat board：Take the disposable Tissue Culture Dishs of diameter 90mm to put on super-clean bench, uniformly pour into about
10mL2% (w/v) water agar solution.Room temperature condenses.Every piece of agar chemotactic flat board is apart from the symmetrical of plate center larva 2.0cm
2 mark points are equidistantly made in position, and filter paper is each 1 at mark point, and thereto a filter paper adds 30uL variable concentrations
Mark product liquid, another filter paper adds 30uL solvents, makes same plate be divided equally into two regions by two kinds of different drug sensitive test papers
(test block and check plot).Each drug sensitive test paper Edge Distance center larva point of release is 2.0cm, notes keeping agar in operation
Flat board is completely smooth.In addition, centrage or so 0.4cm scopes are relief area；
3) enforcement of Chemotaxis test：By Meloidogyne incognita J2 phase larva suspensions (20uL, 200 or so) after hatching
In the larva point of release release of plate center.After room temperature lucifuge incubation 8h (nematicide freely scatter 2～3h), count under inverted microscope
Nematode count in number test blocks and check plot (larva of relief area is not counted in,
4) calculating of chemotactic index (Chemotaxis index, C.I.)：Chemotactic index is a description nematicide in difference
The conventional measurement index of trend active level under the influence of external environment factor.
If C.I. ∈ (0, l], represent compared to solvent, the material there is attraction to make Meloidogyne incognita J2 phases larva
With；
If C.I. is ∈, and [- 1,0), then it represents that compared to solvent base, the material has to Meloidogyne incognita knot J2 phase larvas
Avoidance effect；
If C.I.=0, represent that Meloidogyne incognita larvae is making random freely activity, chemotactic of the material to root-knot nematode
Property is without specific effect.
Formula：C.I.=(processing J2 quantity-control J2 quantity)/(processing J2 quantity+control J2 quantity)
Chemotactic index, preliminary judgement south are calculated to the J2 quantity under each process and control J2 quantity using above-mentioned formula
Activity trend of the square root-knot nematode in individual volatile material.The experiment is repeated 3 times, as a result as shown in table 14.
The root-knot nematode of table 14 identifies volatile material chemotaxiss to KM2501-1
By result it can be seen that acetone, 2- decanol and furfural acetone have the work for luring root-knot nematode under variable concentrations
Property；2- undecyl ketones have the activity for walking quickly and keeping away root-knot nematode under variable concentrations；Methyl n-heptyl ketone, 2- decanones and 4- acetylbenzoic acids exist
There is to root-knot nematode attractive activity under low concentration, high concentration has repellent activity.Root-knot nematode is to other 3 kinds of volatile material chemotactics
Property is unstable.
Embodiment 13
Paenibacillus polymyxa KM2501-1 volatile material kills haemonchus contortuss determination of activity
1) toxicity test is carried out with 96 orifice plates, the μ L of LB culture medium 100 of about 100 haemonchus contortuss is contained per hole；
2) the volatile material mark product of the variable concentrations of 3.4 μ L filtration sterilizations are added to every hole, being allowed to final concentration is all
1mg/mL, adds the solvent of same volume as a control group (CK)；
3) 20% CO2 gas incubator, 38 DEG C of cultures, determine 72h mortality rates
4) visually observe or dye observation and determine dead borer population amount, each experiment is repeated 3 times, and utilizes SPSS
17.0 average mortalities for calculating each mark product, the results are shown in Table 15.
The KM2501-1 of table 15 identification volatile material kills haemonchus contortuss activity
| Material | Concentration (mg/L) | Average mortality (%) |
| Acetone | 1 | 13.18±1.66 |
| 2-heptanone | 1 | 12.17±1.57 |
| Methyl n-heptyl ketone | 1 | 90.64±2.75 |
| 2- nonyl alcohols | 1 | 93.93±1.03 |
| 2- decanones | 1 | 94.86±1.09 |
| 2- decanol | 1 | 95.13±0.92 |
| 2- undecyl ketones | 1 | 93.99±1.96 |
| 2- undecyl alcohols | 1 | 96.14±0.81 |
| 4- acetylbenzoic acids | 1 | 88.83±1.37 |
| Furfural acetone | 1 | 95.36±1.48 |
| CK | 6.91±0.69 |
Can be seen that compared with the control by the result of table 15, acetone and 2-heptanone significantly do not kill haemonchus contortuss
Activity, but 8 kinds of volatile material such as methyl n-heptyl ketone are active with haemonchus contortuss are killed well.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of detached Paenibacillus polymyxa, described Paenibacillus polymyxa is Paenibacillus polymyxa
（Paenibacillus polymyxa）KM2501-1, deposit number is：CCTCC NO:M 2016720.
2. the fermented supernatant fluid of the Paenibacillus polymyxa described in claim 1.
3. the volatile material that the Paenibacillus polymyxa solid fermentation described in claim 1 is produced.
4. described in the fermented supernatant fluid or claim 3 described in the Paenibacillus polymyxa or claim 2 described in claim 1
Volatile material prepare treatment or prevent nematicide in application；Described nematicide includes Meloidogyne incognita disease or twists with the fingers
Turn hemonchosis.
5. the fermented supernatant fluid described in the Paenibacillus polymyxa or claim 2 described in claim 1 is preparing treatment or pre-
Application in anti-fungal disease, described funguses include the one kind or many in Rhizoctonia cereali, Semen Tritici aestivi total eclipse bacterium or rape endophytic bacterial
Kind.
6. the fermented supernatant fluid described in the Paenibacillus polymyxa or claim 2 described in claim 1 is promoting tomato growth
In application.
7. the volatile material that the Paenibacillus polymyxa solid fermentation described in claim 1 is produced is in nematode killer is prepared
Application, described volatile material includes methyl n-heptyl ketone, 2- nonyl alcohols, 2- decanones, 2- decanol, 2- undecyl ketones, 2- undecyl alcohols, 4- second
One or more in acyl group benzoic acid or furfural acetone, described nematicide includes Meloidogyne incognita or haemonchus contortuss.
8. the volatile material that the Paenibacillus polymyxa solid fermentation described in claim 1 is produced is preparing Meloidogyne incognita
Application in smoked worm agent, described volatile material includes：2- nonyl alcohols, 2- decanones, 2- decanol, 2- undecyl ketones, 2- undecyl alcohols or
One or more in furfural acetone.
9. the fermented supernatant fluid described in the Paenibacillus polymyxa or claim 2 described in claim 1 is preparing Root Knot
Application in nematicide ovoinhibitor.
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