CN106590296A - 一种防腐抗菌皮革涂料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种防腐抗菌皮革涂料,它是由下述重量份的原料组成的:双酚a二缩水甘油醚0.1‑0.2、辛基异噻唑啉酮0.7‑1、脂肪酸聚乙二醇酯0.1‑0.2、硫酸铝铵1.4‑2、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮1.7‑2、聚丙烯酰胺0.8‑1、氯化亚锡1.6‑2、三乙醇胺0.1‑0.13、甲基丙烯酸甲酯190‑200、十二烷基硫酸钠3‑4、乌洛托品0.1‑0.2、过硫酸铵0.2‑0.3、20‑25%的甲醛溶液6‑7、乙酸锌16‑20、硝酸银4‑7、丙酸钙0.8‑2、氰尿酸锌0.1‑0.2。本发明的涂料具有良好的抗菌性、优异的透水汽性及耐水性,所得乳液涂饰后的皮革抗菌性良好、卫生性能优异。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及皮革涂料技术领域,尤其涉及一种防腐抗菌皮革涂料及其制备方法。
背景技术
皮革涂饰剂/纺织涂层剂是一种均匀涂布于皮革/纺织表面的高分子类化合物。它通过粘合作用在皮革/织物表面形成一层或多层薄膜。因此,涂层材料好坏,不仅直接影响着产品外观、质量,而且在很大程度上决定着产品的性能。聚丙烯酸酯乳液具有成膜柔韧富有弹性,涂层耐光、耐老化、耐湿擦性能优异等特点,是目前广泛应用的一类皮革纺织涂层材料。但是,传统聚丙烯酸酯乳液中一些极性基团的存在,以及产品在存储、运输、使用过程中受到环境条件的影响,往往会出现霉变、细菌滋生等现象,严重时不仅浪费原材料,而且会成为疾病的重要传播源,危害人类健康。与此同时,涂层材料在皮革/织物表面形成了一层致密的薄膜,严重堵塞了人体散发的汗液扩散至外界的通道,导致革制品/纺织品的卫生性能遭到极大影响,穿着舒适性下降。近年来,随着人类生活水平的不断提高,研究开发抗菌性突出、卫生性能优异的皮革/纺织用涂层材料迫在眉睫。
以提高聚丙烯酸酯涂层的抗菌性、卫生性能为目标利用纳米ZnO及纳米ZO/Ag复合粒子的抗菌性,防止涂层滋 生细菌、发生霉变;利用纳米ZO及纳米ZnO/Ag复合粒子巨大的比表面积,提高涂层的卫生性能。
纳米材料本身具有尺寸小,表面能高等特点,因此易于团聚、分散性差。另外,在纳米复合材料的制备过程中,纳米材料与表面能较低的聚合物基体的亲和性差,二者相互混合时难以相容,界面易出现空隙,存在相分离现象。为了使纳米材料均匀地分散在聚合物基体中,对其表面进行改性必不可少。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷,提供一种防腐抗菌皮革涂料及其制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种防腐抗菌皮革涂料,它是由下述重量份的原料组成的:
双酚a二缩水甘油醚0.1-0.2、辛基异噻唑啉酮0.7-1、脂肪酸聚乙二醇酯0.1-0.2、硫酸铝铵1.4-2、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮1.7-2、聚丙烯酰胺0.8-1、氯化亚锡1.6-2、三乙醇胺0.1-0.13、甲基丙烯酸甲酯190-200、十二烷基硫酸钠3-4、乌洛托品0.1-0.2、过硫酸铵0.2-0.3、20-25%的甲醛溶液6-7、乙酸锌16-20、硝酸银4-7、丙酸钙0.8-2、氰尿酸锌0.1-0.2。
一种所述的防腐抗菌皮革涂料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将上述乙酸锌、乌洛托品混合,加入到混合料重量60-100倍的去离子水中,搅拌均匀,为液a;
(2)将上述硫酸铝铵加入到其重量10-13倍的去离子水中,在50-60℃下保温搅拌7-10分钟,加入丙酸钙,搅拌至常温,得防腐水溶液;
(3)将上述聚乙烯吡咯烷酮加入到其重量20-30倍的、70-75%的乙醇溶液中,搅拌均匀,与上述液a混合,超声20-30分钟,送入到聚四氟乙烯反应釜中,在160-170℃下微波水热20-30分钟,冷却至常温,与上述防腐水溶液混合,搅拌均匀,过滤,将沉淀用去离子水、乙醇依次洗涤3-4次,置于烘箱中,干燥,得改性氧化锌;
(4)取上述辛基异噻唑啉酮,加入到其重量150-172倍的无水乙醇中,搅拌均匀,加入氰尿酸锌,升高温度为60-70℃,保温搅拌6-10分钟,加入上述改性氧化锌,100-200转/分搅拌10-15分钟,得预混醇液;
(5)将上述氯化亚锡加入到其重量30-40倍的无水乙醇中,搅拌条件下加入上述预混醇液,超声3-5分钟,加入上述硝酸银、三乙醇胺,搅拌均匀,滴加上述20-25%的甲醛溶液,滴加完毕后离心除去上清液,将沉淀用去离子水、乙醇依次洗涤3-4次,置于烘箱中,在90-100℃下干燥10-17分钟,得银掺杂改性氧化锌;
(6)将上述聚丙烯酰胺加入到其重量80-100倍的去离子水中,搅拌均匀,加入醋酸或氨水,调节pH为6-7,加入上述银掺杂改性氧化锌,超声20-30分钟,得改性分散液;
(7)将上述过硫酸铵加入到其重量17-20倍的去离子水中,搅拌均匀;
(8)取上述甲基丙烯酸甲酯重量的30-40%,与双酚a二缩水甘油醚混合,搅拌均匀,为预混液;
(9)取剩余的甲基丙烯酸甲酯,与十二烷基硫酸钠混合,加入到上述改性分散液中,升高温度为76-80℃,保温搅拌10-14分钟,分别滴加上述预混液和过硫酸铵水溶液,滴加完毕后保温反应120-130分钟,出料,加入剩余各原料,搅拌至常温,得所述涂料。
所述的一种防腐抗菌皮革涂料,该涂料的使用方法为:使用前将本发明的涂料超声处理20-30分钟,用喷枪在0.2MPa的压力下喷涂于皮革表面,常温干燥,在76-80℃、80bar的条件下熨烫,之后再次喷涂本发明的涂料,常温干燥,即可。
本发明的优点是:本发明首先将氧化锌粒子均匀地分散到氯化亚锡的乙醇溶液中,Sn2+将迅速地吸附到氧化锌表面;接着,向上述反应液中加入Ag(TEA)2+的乙醇溶液,Sn2+可与加入的Ag(TEA)2+发生离子交换反应, 使得Ag+吸附在氧化锌表面形成银种;反应后期,向溶液中逐渐滴加甲醛溶液并持续搅拌,使Ag被还原成Ag颗粒;
本发明的ZnO /Ag复合粒子本身耐水性较好,将其引入聚丙烯酸酯中可以有效防止水分子渗透到薄膜中,进而降低复合薄膜的吸水率,提高其耐水性;
本发明的ZnO /Ag复合粒子具有很好的抗菌性能,在光照条件下,ZnO表面产生大量的电子及空穴,纳米Ag捕获生成的电子,得到Ag-,接着,Ag-与ZnO表面吸附的氧分子反应,生成超氧离子;超氧离子与水进一步反应,生成过羟基和双氧水;空穴与ZnO表面吸附的H2O或HO-离子反应,形成具有强氧化性的活性羟基,活性羟基相互合并生成双氧水。活性羟基的氧化能力是水体氧化剂中最强的,能够降解许多有机物;此外,氧化剂超氧离子、双氧水、过羟基等均可通过氧化反应与蛋白质、酶类、脂类以及核酸等生物大分子作用,破坏生物细胞结构,从而杀死细菌。反应过程中,银离子起催化活性中心的作用,其本身并不消耗。纳米Ag由于粒度极小、比表面积大,表面能较高,容易被各种细菌所吸附,这样便约束了细菌的活动,使细菌的生存环境紊乱失调,抑制其呼吸,最终导致细菌发生“接触死亡”。
本发明的涂料具有良好的抗菌性、优异的透水汽性及耐水性,所得乳液涂饰后的皮革抗菌性良好、卫生性能优异。本发明加入了辛基异噻唑啉酮、丙酸钙等,有效的提高了成品涂膜表面的防腐性能。
具体实施方式
一种防腐抗菌皮革涂料,它是由下述重量份的原料组成的:
双酚a二缩水甘油醚0.1、辛基异噻唑啉酮0.7、脂肪酸聚乙二醇酯0.1、硫酸铝铵1.4、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮1.7、聚丙烯酰胺0.8、氯化亚锡1.6、三乙醇胺0.1、甲基丙烯酸甲酯190、十二烷基硫酸钠3、乌洛托品0.1、过硫酸铵0.2、20%的甲醛溶液6、乙酸锌16、硝酸银4、丙酸钙0.8、氰尿酸锌0.1。
一种所述的防腐抗菌皮革涂料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将上述乙酸锌、乌洛托品混合,加入到混合料重量60倍的去离子水中,搅拌均匀,为液a;
(2)将上述硫酸铝铵加入到其重量10倍的去离子水中,在50℃下保温搅拌7分钟,加入丙酸钙,搅拌至常温,得防腐水溶液;
(3)将上述聚乙烯吡咯烷酮加入到其重量20倍的、70%的乙醇溶液中,搅拌均匀,与上述液a混合,超声20分钟,送入到聚四氟乙烯反应釜中,在160℃下微波水热20分钟,冷却至常温,与上述防腐水溶液混合,搅拌均匀,过滤,将沉淀用去离子水、乙醇依次洗涤3次,置于烘箱中,干燥,得改性氧化锌;
(4)取上述辛基异噻唑啉酮,加入到其重量150倍的无水乙醇中,搅拌均匀,加入氰尿酸锌,升高温度为60℃,保温搅拌6分钟,加入上述改性氧化锌,100转/分搅拌10分钟,得预混醇液;
(5)将上述氯化亚锡加入到其重量30倍的无水乙醇中,搅拌条件下加入上述预混醇液,超声3分钟,加入上述硝酸银、三乙醇胺,搅拌均匀,滴加上述20%的甲醛溶液,滴加完毕后离心除去上清液,将沉淀用去离子水、乙醇依次洗涤3次,置于烘箱中,在90℃下干燥10分钟,得银掺杂改性氧化锌;
(6)将上述聚丙烯酰胺加入到其重量80倍的去离子水中,搅拌均匀,加入醋酸或氨水,调节pH为6,加入上述银掺杂改性氧化锌,超声20分钟,得改性分散液;
(7)将上述过硫酸铵加入到其重量17倍的去离子水中,搅拌均匀;
(8)取上述甲基丙烯酸甲酯重量的30%,与双酚a二缩水甘油醚混合,搅拌均匀,为预混液;
(9)取剩余的甲基丙烯酸甲酯,与十二烷基硫酸钠混合,加入到上述改性分散液中,升高温度为76℃,保温搅拌10分钟,分别滴加上述预混液和过硫酸铵水溶液,滴加完毕后保温反应120分钟,出料,加入剩余各原料,搅拌至常温,得所述涂料。
所述的一种防腐抗菌皮革涂料,该涂料的使用方法为:使用前将本发明的涂料超声处理20分钟,用喷枪在0.2MPa的压力下喷涂于皮革表面,常温干燥,在76℃、80bar的条件下熨烫,之后再次喷涂本发明的涂料,常温干燥,即可。
性能测试:
液涂饰后的皮革对白色念珠菌的抑菌率为96.33%,对霉菌的抑菌率为80.0%。
Claims (3)
1.一种防腐抗菌皮革涂料,其特征在于,它是由下述重量份的原料组成的:
双酚a二缩水甘油醚0.1-0.2、辛基异噻唑啉酮0.7-1、脂肪酸聚乙二醇酯0.1-0.2、硫酸铝铵1.4-2、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮1.7-2、聚丙烯酰胺0.8-1、氯化亚锡1.6-2、三乙醇胺0.1-0.13、甲基丙烯酸甲酯190-200、十二烷基硫酸钠3-4、乌洛托品0.1-0.2、过硫酸铵0.2-0.3、20-25%的甲醛溶液6-7、乙酸锌16-20、硝酸银4-7、丙酸钙0.8-2、氰尿酸锌0.1-0.2。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的防腐抗菌皮革涂料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将上述乙酸锌、乌洛托品混合,加入到混合料重量60-100倍的去离子水中,搅拌均匀,为液a;
(2)将上述硫酸铝铵加入到其重量10-13倍的去离子水中,在50-60℃下保温搅拌7-10分钟,加入丙酸钙,搅拌至常温,得防腐水溶液;
(3)将上述聚乙烯吡咯烷酮加入到其重量20-30倍的、70-75%的乙醇溶液中,搅拌均匀,与上述液a混合,超声20-30分钟,送入到聚四氟乙烯反应釜中,在160-170℃下微波水热20-30分钟,冷却至常温,与上述防腐水溶液混合,搅拌均匀,过滤,将沉淀用去离子水、乙醇依次洗涤3-4次,置于烘箱中,干燥,得改性氧化锌;
(4)取上述辛基异噻唑啉酮,加入到其重量150-172倍的无水乙醇中,搅拌均匀,加入氰尿酸锌,升高温度为60-70℃,保温搅拌6-10分钟,加入上述改性氧化锌,100-200转/分搅拌10-15分钟,得预混醇液;
(5)将上述氯化亚锡加入到其重量30-40倍的无水乙醇中,搅拌条件下加入上述预混醇液,超声3-5分钟,加入上述硝酸银、三乙醇胺,搅拌均匀,滴加上述20-25%的甲醛溶液,滴加完毕后离心除去上清液,将沉淀用去离子水、乙醇依次洗涤3-4次,置于烘箱中,在90-100℃下干燥10-17分钟,得银掺杂改性氧化锌;
(6)将上述聚丙烯酰胺加入到其重量80-100倍的去离子水中,搅拌均匀,加入醋酸或氨水,调节pH为6-7,加入上述银掺杂改性氧化锌,超声20-30分钟,得改性分散液;
(7)将上述过硫酸铵加入到其重量17-20倍的去离子水中,搅拌均匀;
(8)取上述甲基丙烯酸甲酯重量的30-40%,与双酚a二缩水甘油醚混合,搅拌均匀,为预混液;
(9)取剩余的甲基丙烯酸甲酯,与十二烷基硫酸钠混合,加入到上述改性分散液中,升高温度为76-80℃,保温搅拌10-14分钟,分别滴加上述预混液和过硫酸铵水溶液,滴加完毕后保温反应120-130分钟,出料,加入剩余各原料,搅拌至常温,得所述涂料。
3.根据权利要求1、2所述的一种防腐抗菌皮革涂料,其特征在于,该涂料的使用方法为:使用前将本发明的涂料超声处理20-30分钟,用喷枪在0.2MPa的压力下喷涂于皮革表面,常温干燥,在76-80℃、80bar的条件下熨烫,之后再次喷涂本发明的涂料,常温干燥,即可。
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