CN106583543B - A kind of thermo shaping method of martensite steel plate complex shaped components - Google Patents
A kind of thermo shaping method of martensite steel plate complex shaped components Download PDFInfo
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- CN106583543B CN106583543B CN201611217511.4A CN201611217511A CN106583543B CN 106583543 B CN106583543 B CN 106583543B CN 201611217511 A CN201611217511 A CN 201611217511A CN 106583543 B CN106583543 B CN 106583543B
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- steel plate
- martensite
- martensite steel
- shaped components
- component
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
- B21D35/002—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of thermo shaping methods of martensite steel plate complex shaped components, belong to the advanced manufacture of metal and Plastic Forming field.Martensite steel thin plate heating is made into its austenitizing to 930 DEG C -950 DEG C first；The steel plate of austenitizing is placed in gas pressure compacting device, Guan Bi mould simultaneously applies certain mold clamping force, and pulsation air pressure-loading is carried out to surface of steel plate and is shaped to and be bonded with cavity plate, acquisition complex shaped components；By making austenite be fully converted into martensite component progress rapid quenching with the integrated cooling system of mold；And laser punching, trimming are carried out to formed parts, obtain the final component of martensite steel；The present invention can effectively solve forming problem of the super-strength martensitic steel plate in complex shaped components, further increase the martensitic structure transition rate in component, reduce the manufacturing cost of martensite steel, forming efficiency is high, engineering application value with higher.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal forming technical fields, in particular to the pulsation air pressure of super-strength martensitic steel plate
Manufacturing process.
Background technique
Under structural weight reduction and lightweight background, the structure of material is all designed in the fields such as aviation, automobile and rail traffic
And more stringent requirements are proposed for performance.On the one hand require material that there is higher specific strength, specific stiffness；On the other hand, it is desirable that can
The integral forming of complicated shape is realized, to meet the further loss of weight of functionalized design requirement and structure.
Martensite steel is a kind of using martensitic structure as the unimach of matrix, and tensile strength is up to 1500MPa
A kind of high performance structures material being concerned in recent years, in fields such as aviation, automobiles, there are urgent application demands.However,
The application of high-strength steel sheet brings a series of new challenges to the figuration manufacture of existing steel class component.Compared with general steel plate,
High-strength steel sheet has higher yield stress and tensile strength, and hardenability value, the coefficient of normal anisortopy and elongation percentage are lower,
Forming property is poor, and springback capacity is difficult to control greatly, is easily broken.Especially after the intensity of martensite steel is more than 1500MPa, mesh
Preceding cold forming process is almost unable to complete its figuration manufacture.
Martensite steel drop stamping technology is that martensite steel heating is allowed to austenitizing, then has the plate feeding of red heat
It is stamping in the mold of cooling system, while by the mold Cooling Quenching with Quick uniform cooling system, steel plate tissue by
Austenite is transformed into martensite, thus the method for obtaining unimach board member.However, drop stamping process requirement cavity plate, convex
The composable mold of mould, and mold loss is big under high temperature, die cost is high；Meanwhile plate is plastically deformed by rigid mould
When, the failure behaviours such as rupture are easily led to, increasingly complex shape can not be shaped, especially in the presence of the component of punching press negative angle；Not only
In this way, although being still extremely difficult to quick, the uniform hardening of martensite steel, geneva by the optimization design of mold cooling system
Body transition rate is low.
Summary of the invention
Based on the above research background, the present invention proposes to carry out martensite steel using at high temperature fast after pulsation gas pressure compacting
The method of speed quenching manufactures super-strength martensitic steel complicated shape, on the one hand, replaces tradition by pulsation air pressure-loading form
Punch-pin in drop stamping can effectively improve the forming limit of material, using the advantage of flexible media, solve have the negative component of punching press
Forming technique problem；On the other hand, " add-unload " dislocation to develop using pulsation air pressure-loading process, because of common air pressure
After being disposable pressurization, pressure be always maintained at it is constant, until forming finishes；Pulsation load is characterized in adding pressure, horse back
It by discharge degree, in plus-pressure, then unloads, is the circulation of a pressurization, release；Strain induced martensite phase transformation improves horse after quenching
Family name's body transformation amount improves the strength of materials.It is multiple to High-performance martensitic steel that the fields such as aerospace, automobile and rail traffic can be met
The manufacture demand of miscellaneous component is a kind of inexpensive and is suitable for all kinds of martensite steel plates complexity that structure is complicated, deflection is big
Shape formable and organization optimization method.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of thermo shaping method of martensite steel plate complex shaped components, which comprises the following steps:
1) be punched: selection martensite steel plate is punched size by processing request；
2) austenitizing: being heated to 930 DEG C -950 DEG C for the martensite steel plate being punched under nitrogen protection, makes its Austria
Family name's body；
3) gas pressure compacting: the steel plate of austenitizing is placed in gas pressure compacting device, and Guan Bi mould simultaneously applies centainly
Mold clamping force, 50 KN -300KN of mold clamping force magnitude range carry out pulsation air pressure-loading forming complex component to surface of steel plate；
Air pressure of pulsing is exactly to pass through pulsation pneumatic control system, under certain pressure amplitude and frequency, output pressure；
4) martensite: by turning austenite completely component progress rapid quenching with the integrated cooling system of mold
It is melted into martensite；
5) it cuts, punching.
Preferably, it is characterized by: the heating time in the step (2) is 50s-300s.
Preferably, air pressure applied in the step (3), frequency is 0.83 Hz-2.5Hz, amplitude 5MPa-
30MPa。
Preferably, the rapid quenching in the step (4), cooling rate is 60 DEG C/s-100 DEG C/s.
Preferably, also needing to carry out bead between step 4) and step 5) to the martensite steel component of no coating
It to remove removing oxide layer, is designed by shot-blast process, is removing removing oxide layer simultaneously, make component surface that there is the pressure for improving fatigue behaviour
Stressor layers, the bullet that the bead selects are cast steel ball or ceramic pellet.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. the present invention using pulsation air pressure-loading replace tradition it is hot press-formed in punch-pin load, on the one hand can be further
The forming limit for improving high strength martensitic steel, obtains more complicated shape face；On the other hand, air pressure, can be real as flexible media
It is now once-forming with punching press negative angle component.Martensite steel complex component is effectively solved, especially there is punching press negative angle component
Figuration manufacture.
2. the present invention combines pulsation gas pressure compacting with rapid quenching, pulsation air pressure-loading process " add-unload " is utilized
Dislocation develops, and strain induced martensite phase transformation, more simple rapid quenching is remarkably improved the transition rate of martensitic structure, improves
Component strength
3. rigid punch-pin needed for the present invention replaces traditional drop stamping using air pressure medium eliminates the design of punch-pin, adds
The work such as work and reparation effectively reduce the manufacturing cost of martensite steel, and forming efficiency is high, engineer application valence with higher
Value.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is mold assembling schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is process flow chart of the invention.
Fig. 3 is 1 formed parts shape graph of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is 2 formed parts shape graph of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is 3 formed parts shape graph of the embodiment of the present invention.
In Fig. 1,1- atmospheric pressure cavity, 2- martensite steel slab, 3- press machine control equipment, 4- water cooling pipeline, 5- cavity plate, 6- arteries and veins
It takes offence pressure control system, 7- rapid quenching control system.
Specific embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art be better understood on technical solution of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawing and
Embodiment is further described technical solution of the present invention.
Embodiment one: referring to shown in attached drawing 1,2,3, a kind of thermo shaping method of martensite steel plate complex shaped components,
The following steps are included:
1) be punched: selection 0.8mm thickness 40CrNiMo without coating martensite steel plate, and be punched to 500mm ×
300mm；
2) austenitizing: being mixed and heated to 930 DEG C by 4 subregions electricity, gas, and using nitrogen protection, keeping the temperature 60s keeps slab difficult to understand
Family name's body；
The present invention is using the advantages of electrical hybrid heating: gas heating cost is low, and temperature control is inaccurate；Electric heating cost
Height, but temperature control is accurate, because temperature is very crucial to the Forming Quality of austenite, the present invention is electrically mixed using multi partition
Heating means；By subregion, being heated in front with gas heats material quickly, more energy saving；Rear portion is accurately controlled with electric heating
The heating temperature of plate ensures the quality of production, and subregion is more, and energy-saving effect is made an appointment, therefore the planning of 4 subregions is the most reasonable；
3) gas pressure compacting: the 40CrNiMo steel plate of austenitizing is placed in gas pressure compacting device, and Guan Bi mould is simultaneously applied
Add mold clamping force, 50 KN -300KN of mold clamping force magnitude range, control slab carries out feed supplement not in forming process；
Gas pressure compacting device is generally by clamping pressure machine, cavity plate, air pressure and cooling control system composition；
The steel plate of austenitizing is placed in gas pressure compacting device by manipulator, by press machine control equipment 3 with
And mold closing mechanism molds martensite steel slab, by the pulsation pneumatic control system 6 in Fig. 1, to martensite in atmospheric pressure cavity 1
Plate slab 2 carries out the pulsation air pressure-loading of certain amplitude and frequency, and martensite steel slab 2 is made finally to be labelled to 5 surface of cavity plate completely,
Middle rapid quenching control system 7 cooperates water cooling pipeline 4 to cool and solidify molded part after shaping, obtains martensite steel structure
Part；
Pulsation air pressure-loading is carried out to upper surface of steel plate when control board briquette is not less than 750 DEG C, selects amplitude 5MPa, frequency
1.67 Hz of rate is to the complete mold of steel plate, and pressure maintaining 5s；
4) martensite: quenching steel plate by the water cooling plant system in cavity plate, and cooling velocity is controlled in 80 DEG C/s
Left and right；
Bead: 100% coverage rate bead is carried out by cast steel ball to component formed thereby, is removing removing oxide layer
Simultaneously have its surface and is greater than 50MPa compressive stress layer；
5) it cuts, punching: trimming, punching being carried out to formed parts using Water Cutting, obtain the final component of martensite steel, such as
Shown in Fig. 3.
Embodiment two: referring to shown in attached drawing 1,2,4, a kind of thermo shaping method of martensite steel plate complex shaped components,
The following steps are included:
1) be punched: selection 1.5mm thickness 30CrMnSiNi2A simultaneously have zinc-nickel coating martensite steel plate, be punched to
600mm×200mm；
2) austenitizing: being mixed and heated to 940 DEG C by 6 subregions electricity, gas, and using nitrogen protection, keeping the temperature 200s makes slab
Austenitizing；
3) gas pressure compacting: the 30CrMnSiNi2A steel plate of austenitizing is placed in gas pressure compacting device, Guan Bi mould
And applying mold clamping force, 50 KN -300KN of mold clamping force magnitude range, control slab can the part feed supplement in forming process；
Pulsation air pressure-loading is carried out to upper surface of steel plate when control board briquette is not less than 720 DEG C, selects amplitude 10MPa,
2.5 Hz of frequency is to the complete mold of steel plate, and pressure maintaining 6s；
4) martensite: quenching steel plate by the water cooling plant system in cavity plate, and cooling velocity is controlled in 100 DEG C/s
Left and right；
5) it cuts, punching: trimming, punching being carried out to formed parts using laser cutting, obtain the final component of martensite steel,
As shown in Figure 4.
Embodiment three: referring to shown in attached drawing 1,2,5, a kind of thermo shaping method of martensite steel plate complex shaped components,
The following steps are included:
1) be punched: selection 1mm thickness 22MnB5 simultaneously has aluminium-silicon cladding martensite steel plate, and is punched to 700mm
×500mm；
2) austenitizing: being mixed and heated to 950 DEG C by 6 subregions electricity, gas, and using nitrogen protection, keeping the temperature 150s makes slab
Austenitizing；
3) gas pressure compacting: the 22MnB5 steel plate of austenitizing is placed in gas pressure compacting device, and Guan Bi mould simultaneously applies
Mold clamping force, 50 KN -300KN of mold clamping force magnitude range, control slab can complete feed supplement in forming process；
Pulsation air pressure-loading is carried out to upper surface of steel plate when control board briquette is not less than 750 DEG C, selects amplitude 30MPa,
0.83 Hz of frequency is to the complete mold of steel plate, and pressure maintaining 10s；
4) martensite: quenching steel plate by the water cooling plant system in cavity plate, and cooling velocity is controlled in 60 DEG C/s
Left and right；
5) it cuts, punching: trimming being carried out to formed parts using laser cutting, obtains the final component of martensite steel, such as Fig. 5
It is shown.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of thermo shaping method of martensite steel plate complex shaped components, which comprises the following steps:
1) be punched: selection martensite steel plate is punched size by processing request；
2) austenitizing: being heated to 930 DEG C -950 DEG C for the martensite steel plate being punched under nitrogen protection, and heating time is
50s-300s makes its austenitizing；
3) gas pressure compacting: the steel plate of austenitizing is set in gas pressure compacting device, the air pressure applied, frequency 0.83
Hz-2.5Hz, amplitude 5MPa-30MPa, Guan Bi mould simultaneously apply certain mold clamping force, 50 KN of mold clamping force magnitude range-
300KN carries out pulsation air pressure-loading to surface of steel plate, forms complex component；
4) martensite: by with the integrated cooling system of mold, to component carry out rapid quenching, cooling rate be 60 DEG C/
S-100 DEG C/s, austenite is made to be fully converted into martensite；
5) it cuts, punching.
2. a kind of thermo shaping method of martensite steel plate complex shaped components according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
To the martensite steel component of no coating, needs to carry out bead between step 4) and step 5) also to remove removing oxide layer, pass through
Shot-blast process design, is removing removing oxide layer simultaneously, and component surface is made to have the compressive stress layer for improving fatigue behaviour.
3. a kind of thermo shaping method of martensite steel plate complex shaped components according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
The bullet that the bead selects is cast steel ball or ceramic pellet.
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107030235A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-08-11 | 华侨大学 | Composite molding technique is forged in a kind of punching press |
| CN107824678A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-03-23 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of stamping module method of heating of martensite steel component without transfer |
| CN107597966B (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2019-04-12 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of pneumatic hot forming process for quenching of unimach complex component |
| CN109317529B (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2020-12-25 | 南京工程学院 | Rapid forming method and forming device for martensitic steel composite structure |
| CN109731980B (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2021-02-12 | 北京科技大学 | High-temperature air pressure bulging process for high-strength steel non-closed part |
| CN111229905B (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2021-06-11 | 安徽工业大学 | Hot stamping and quenching integrated processing method based on hydraulic forming device |
| CN114619211A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-06-14 | 天津恒兴机械设备有限公司 | Thermal forming processing technology for front pillar plate |
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| EP0817689A1 (en) * | 1995-03-30 | 1998-01-14 | Owens Corning | Air bearing assist in pneumatic forming of thin foil materials |
| DE10019594A1 (en) * | 2000-04-20 | 2001-10-25 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Method for pressing sheet metal has a hydromechanical press with pulse generators for producing localised pressure peaks for fine press detail |
| UA72357A1 (en) * | 1990-04-04 | 2005-02-15 | Mykola Fedorovych Savchenko | Device for gas detonation forming |
| CN105710256A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2016-06-29 | 燕山大学 | Forming method for aluminum alloy wallboards of high-speed trains |
| CN106238552A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2016-12-21 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | High-duty pulsatile impact hydraulic forming method |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| UA72357A1 (en) * | 1990-04-04 | 2005-02-15 | Mykola Fedorovych Savchenko | Device for gas detonation forming |
| EP0817689A1 (en) * | 1995-03-30 | 1998-01-14 | Owens Corning | Air bearing assist in pneumatic forming of thin foil materials |
| DE10019594A1 (en) * | 2000-04-20 | 2001-10-25 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Method for pressing sheet metal has a hydromechanical press with pulse generators for producing localised pressure peaks for fine press detail |
| CN105710256A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2016-06-29 | 燕山大学 | Forming method for aluminum alloy wallboards of high-speed trains |
| CN106238552A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2016-12-21 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | High-duty pulsatile impact hydraulic forming method |
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