CN108085632A - A kind of Plastic Forming and toughening process and its device based on ultrasonic vibration - Google Patents
A kind of Plastic Forming and toughening process and its device based on ultrasonic vibration Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108085632A CN108085632A CN201711304450.XA CN201711304450A CN108085632A CN 108085632 A CN108085632 A CN 108085632A CN 201711304450 A CN201711304450 A CN 201711304450A CN 108085632 A CN108085632 A CN 108085632A
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- Prior art keywords
- ultrasonic vibration
- toughening
- amorphous metal
- crystaline amorphous
- forming
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F3/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by special physical methods, e.g. treatment with neutrons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2201/00—Treatment for obtaining particular effects
- C21D2201/03—Amorphous or microcrystalline structure
Abstract
The invention belongs to non-crystaline amorphous metal thermoplastic forming field, and disclose a kind of Plastic Forming based on ultrasonic vibration and gradient method for toughening and device.This method includes:(a) position of obdurability to be added is divided on non-crystaline amorphous metal part to be formed for forming nanocrystalline toughening phase;(b) the toughening device used designed for shaping, it includes the insert being connected with ultrasonic vibration ultrasonic transformer and heating rod, insert is corresponding with the position of obdurability to be added, and for applying ultrasonic vibration to it, heating rod is used for raw material blank heating to be processed to its forming temperature;(c) raw material blank is placed in device, heating rod heating, the non-crystaline amorphous metal part needed for device molding shaping, starts ultrasonic vibration in clamping process, when die sinking stops.Invention additionally discloses used devices simultaneously.By the present invention, toughening is carried out at the same time with thermoplastic forming, realizes shaping and the integration of toughening, simplifies production process, shortens process time, improves dimensional accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to non-crystaline amorphous metal thermoplastic forming field, more particularly, to a kind of plasticity based on ultrasonic vibration
Shaping and gradient method for toughening and device.
Background technology
Non-crystaline amorphous metal is a kind of new material for possessing the excellent properties such as high intensity, corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant.Non-crystaline amorphous metal exists
Good superplasticity is shown under hot, can realize part near-net-shape.But the significant brittleness at room temperature of non-crystaline amorphous metal causes
Non-crystaline amorphous metal part, once overloading, will directly occur brittle fracture and thoroughly fail, it is caused to be difficult to directly during being on active service
Applied to there are the occasions of shock loading.Therefore, it is necessary on the premise of non-crystaline amorphous metal excellent properties are not weakened, further improve
Its toughness, to improve the impact resistance of non-crystaline amorphous metal part.
Non-crystaline amorphous metal is in thermodynamics metastable state, can be sent to the transformation of its thermodynamics stable state certainly after enough energy are obtained,
Crystallization occurs.After amorphous alloy crystallization, performance also changes correspondingly.It, can by forming nanocrystal inside non-crystaline amorphous metal
To significantly improve its intensity and toughness.Therefore, can be passed through according to requirement of the actual service condition to non-crystaline amorphous metal part performance
Certain mode is nanocrystalline in the local inductive formation of noncrystal substrate, forms the nanocrystalline toughening amorphous base with mechanical performance gradient
Composite material.
Patent CN101736213A proposes a kind of method for making non-crystaline amorphous metal Strengthening and Toughening by being ultrasonically treated.This method passes through
Non-crystaline amorphous metal is positioned below in the cooling water sink of amorphous alloy crystallization temperature, is then loaded in bottom of gullet under unit area
Power is not more than 3 × 104W/mm2Frequency of oscillation carry out alloy Strengthening and Toughening processing.Non-crystaline amorphous metal is being broken after treatment by using the treatment method
On the premise of intensity is constant, room temperature compressive plastic deformation ability has obvious raising, and relaxation thermal discharge also increases, but should
Method can only carry out non-crystaline amorphous metal sample whole Strengthening and Toughening processing, can not be according to actual use demand member-retaining portion amorphous area
Domain, to form the metallic glass composite for possessing mechanical performance gradient;Patent CN102002659A proposes a kind of to non-crystaline amorphous metal
The method that band is carried out continuously nano-crystallization.The program is below the glass transition temperature of non-crystaline amorphous metal, by AMORPHOUS ALLOY RIBBONS
Power ultrasonic device ultrasonic transformer top is pressed on, AMORPHOUS ALLOY RIBBONS moves Vltrasonic device ultrasonic transformer while applying to band
Ultrasonication, so as to fulfill the continuous nano-crystallization of AMORPHOUS ALLOY RIBBONS, method can only carry out integration to AMORPHOUS ALLOY RIBBONS
Processing, can not both handle the actual parts for possessing complicated shape, and can not realize nanocrystalline gradient toughening;Patent
CN105420522A proposes a kind of preparation method of metallic glass composite, and this method is by sheet non-crystaline amorphous metal and the second phase of toughening
Material is alternately laminated to be placed in fixture, and under conditions of constant pressure or gradually increased load, the non-crystaline amorphous metal and porous plate of stacking are added
Heat, while to Shih-chao's acoustic vibration in fact, non-crystaline amorphous metal softens rapidly and is pressed into the hole of secondary phase toughening plate, so as to be moulded
Property good amorphous alloy composite material, but this method need by from the external world introduce the second opposite non-crystaline amorphous metal carry out it is whole
Toughening is equally only applicable to the processing of plate class product, can not also handle the actual parts that possess complicated shape and according to zero
Part performance demand carries out local nanocrystalline gradient toughening;Above-mentioned three kinds of method for toughening, all fail and non-crystaline amorphous metal thermoplastic
Property forming technology combine, but need after part completes figuration manufacture, then to carry out special processing, technical process is multiple
Miscellaneous, the production cycle is longer.
The content of the invention
For the disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement of the prior art, the present invention provides it is a kind of based on the plasticity of ultrasonic vibration into
Shape and gradient method for toughening and device need to strengthen toughness by using with the insert that ultrasonic vibration ultrasonic transformer is connected to local
Region carries out ultrasonic vibration, its object is to make the regional area nano-crystallization of non-crystaline amorphous metal part, thus solves in thermoplasticity
In forming process the technical issues of local toughening.
To achieve the above object, one side according to the invention provides a kind of Plastic Forming based on ultrasonic vibration
And gradient method for toughening, which is characterized in that the method for toughening comprises the following steps:
(a) the actual use demand of non-crystaline amorphous metal part to be formed is directed to, is drawn on non-crystaline amorphous metal part to be formed
The position of obdurability to be added is separated, for forming nanocrystalline toughening phase, other positions retain its amorphous in formation at the position
State;
(b) the toughening device of the non-crystaline amorphous metal part to be formed designed for shaping, the device and external drive mechanism phase
Even, which includes the insert being connected with ultrasonic vibration ultrasonic transformer and heating rod, the insert and the portion of the obdurability to be added
Position is corresponding, and for applying ultrasonic vibration to the position of toughness to be strengthened, the heating rod is used for former material material base to be processed
Material is heated to its forming temperature, and the parameter for the ultrasonic vibration that the ultrasonic vibration ultrasonic transformer generates is to use finite element numerical mould
Intend obtaining during analysis ultrasonic vibrational energy is propagated, wherein, by adjusting the amplitude, frequency and power adjustment of ultrasonic vibration
Ultrasonic vibrational energy, when ultrasonic vibrational energy be more than nano-crystallization needed for energy threshold when, the amplitude of corresponding ultrasonic vibration,
Frequency and the parameter that power is required ultrasonic vibration;
(c) raw material blank being placed in described device, the heating rod heats the raw material blank to its forming temperature,
Non-crystaline amorphous metal part needed for described device molding shaping, ultrasonic vibration starts in clamping process, until stopping during die sinking.
It is further preferred that the scope of the forming temperature is between the glass transition temperature of the raw material blank and crystallization temperature
Between degree.
It is further preferred that in step (b), the heating rod preferably uses resistance heating stick.
It is further preferred that in step (b), the toughening device is preferably using the mold for thermoplastic forming.
It is further preferred that the non-crystaline amorphous metal is to include Pd, Pt, Au, Zr, Ti, Fe, Cu, Ni, Al, Mg or Ce base tool
The non-crystaline amorphous metal of standby thermoplastic forming ability.
It is another aspect of this invention to provide that provide device used by a kind of above-mentioned method for toughening, which is characterized in that should
Device includes upper die and lower die and cavity plate,
The upper mold is oppositely arranged with lower die, and forms shaping cavity with the cavity plate, is all provided in the upper die and lower die
Punch and insert are equipped with, the punch is connected with driving servo-pressing machine, for raw material blank to be configured to required three-dimensional
Structure, the insert are connected with ultrasonic vibration ultrasonic transformer, for carrying out ultrasonic vibration, the cavity plate to the position of toughness to be strengthened
In be provided with heating rod, the heating rod is for heating blank.
In general, by the above technical scheme conceived by the present invention compared with prior art, it can obtain down and show
Beneficial effect:
1st, the insert that the present invention is connected by using part with ultrasonic vibration ultrasonic transformer, the position of the insert and required toughening
It is corresponding, ultrasonic vibration is carried out to the position with this, realizes nano-crystallization process, the process and thermoplastic forming technique simultaneously into
Row, need not be additionally after part completes figuration manufacture, then carry out special processing, and process simplification shortens curring time;
2nd, the present invention improves the toughness of material by using the mode of ultrasonic vibration, on the one hand since ultrasonic vibration can be shown
The material forming ability that improves is write, on the other hand, since the propagation of ultrasonic vibration ripple has very strong directionality, vibrational energy point
Cloth can realize the accurate control of orientation, thus, nano-crystallization can be effectively facilitated using ultrasonic vibration, realize that non-crystaline amorphous metal increases
It is tough;
3rd, on the one hand the present invention ensure that the forming temperature during thermoplastic forming, the opposing party using resistance heating stick
Face can ensure the uniformity in mould inside temperature field by adjusting the distribution of resistance heating stick;
4th, method provided by the invention is based on ultrasonic vibration, by the nano-crystallization toughening of non-crystaline amorphous metal and thermoplastic forming knot
Altogether, the integral process of shaping and toughening is realized, significantly simplifies production process, shortens process time, is improved
Dimensional accuracy, meanwhile, according to the actual service condition of non-crystaline amorphous metal part, possess mechanical performance gradient in inside parts formation
Amorphous alloy-based composite material microstructure can significantly improve the comprehensive performance of part.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for toughening constructed by preferred embodiment according to the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the non-crystaline amorphous metal gear member former constructed by preferred embodiment according to the invention
Figure.
In all of the figs, identical reference numeral is used for representing identical element or structure, wherein:
Ultrasonic vibration ring under the upper ultrasonic vibration ring 2- upper punch 3- heating rods 4- cavity plates 5- raw material blank 6- of 1-
7- low punches
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, it is right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
Conflict is not formed each other to can be combined with each other.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for toughening constructed by preferred embodiment according to the invention, as shown in Figure 1, a kind of base
In the Plastic Forming of ultrasonic vibration and gradient method for toughening, comprise the following steps:
(1) according to the actual use demand of non-crystaline amorphous metal part, high intensity, strong corrosion resistant and the performances such as wear-resistant are being needed
Position retain noncrystalline state, and the position of high tenacity is being needed to form nanocrystalline toughening phase, therefore in thermoplastic forming technique
During design, apply ultrasonic vibration to needing to be formed the position of nanocrystalline toughening phase, and do not need to retain the position of noncrystalline state then not
Apply ultrasonic vibration.
(2) in mold design, the position of application ultrasonic vibration is being needed, is using what is be connected with ultrasonic vibration ultrasonic transformer
Insert using the communication process of analysis of finite element by numerical simulation ultrasonic vibrational energy, adjusts the amplitude, frequency and work(of ultrasonic vibration
Rate so that the vibrational energy of toughening target area is more than the energy threshold of nano-crystallization, so that it is determined that the amplitude of ultrasonic vibration, frequency
Rate and power, mould inside insertion resistance heating stick, by blank heating to forming temperature is set, mold integral installation is being watched
It takes on forcing press.
(3) toughening integration is shaped
Non-crystaline amorphous metal blank is put into die cavity, using resistance heating stick by blank heating to glass transition temperature and crystallization
Between temperature, lower die and cavity plate remain stationary as, and after upper mold downlink is contacted with blank, start ultrasonic vibration.Upper mold continues traveling downwardly, directly
It is closed completely to upper die and lower die and cavity plate, until obtaining required non-crystaline amorphous metal part.Stopping ultrasonic vibration, upper mold uplink,
Depart from part.Lower die uplink, until part is ejected cavity plate.
With reference to embodiment and attached drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the non-crystaline amorphous metal gear member former constructed by preferred embodiment according to the invention
Figure, as shown in Fig. 2, being ultrasonic vibration auxiliary non-crystaline amorphous metal gear member hot forging shaping.
Since gear failure occurs mainly in wheel tooth position, it is therefore desirable to which keeping, spoke position is amorphous simultaneously, right
Wheel tooth position carries out nano-crystallization toughening, to improve the impact resistance of non-crystaline amorphous metal gear member, according to this demand, devises
Building mortion as shown in Figure 2.
Building mortion is made of upper die and lower die and 4 three parts of cavity plate.Wherein upper mold is by upper ultrasonic vibration ring 1 and upper punching
First 2 composition;Upper punch 2 is nested in inside ultrasonic vibration ring 2, has shoulder on upper punch 2, for limiting upper ultrasonic vibration ring 1
Movement.Lower die is made of lower ultrasonic vibration ring 6 and low punch 7, and low punch 7 is nested in inside lower ultrasonic vibration ring 6, low punch
There is shoulder on 7, for limiting the movement of lower ultrasonic vibration ring 6.Upper punch 2 is connected with servo-pressing machine top shoe.Low punch 7 with
Servo-pressing machine sliding block connects.Upper ultrasonic vibration ring 1 and lower ultrasonic vibration ring 6 are connected respectively with supersonic generator.Cavity plate 4
Inwall processing has tooth form, and inside is embedded with resistance heating stick 3.
In shaping, cylindrical blank 5 is first put into the inside of cavity plate 4.Start resistance heating stick 3, blank 5 is heated to set
Constant temperature degree.Lower die (6 and 7) and cavity plate 4 remain stationary as.Upper punch 2 drives upper ultrasonic vibration ring 1 downlink together, until with blank 5
Upper surface contacts.Ultrasonic vibration ring 1 and lower ultrasonic vibration ring 6, allow them with the frequency and amplitude vibration of setting in startup.Upper punching
First 2 continue that ultrasonic vibration ring 1 is driven to run downwards with the loading speed of setting, until blank 5 is fully populated with 4 inner cavity of cavity plate.
In the process, ultrasonic vibration concentration acts on the wheel tooth position of the marginal portion, i.e. gear member of blank 5.It on the one hand can be significantly
Promote material filling cavity, improve parts size precision;On the other hand nano-crystallization is induced in wheel tooth position, realizes toughening, and
Spoke position then still keeps noncrystalline state.The ultrasonic vibration of ultrasonic vibration ring 1 and lower ultrasonic vibration ring 6, Yi Ji electricity in closing
Hinder heating rod 3.Upper ultrasonic vibration ring 1, upper punch 2, lower ultrasonic vibration ring 6 and low punch 7 together with identical speed uplink, until
Part 5 after shaping is ejected to the inner cavity of cavity plate 5.Forming process terminates.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, all any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit and principles of the invention etc., should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Plastic Forming and gradient method for toughening based on ultrasonic vibration, which is characterized in that the method for toughening includes following
Step:
(a) the actual use demand of non-crystaline amorphous metal part to be formed is directed to, is marked off on non-crystaline amorphous metal part to be formed
The position of obdurability to be added, for forming nanocrystalline toughening phase, other positions retain its noncrystalline state in formation at the position;
(b) the toughening device of the non-crystaline amorphous metal part to be formed designed for shaping, the device are connected with external drive mechanism, should
Device includes the insert being connected with ultrasonic vibration ultrasonic transformer and heating rod, the insert are opposite with the position of the obdurability to be added
Should, for applying ultrasonic vibration to the position of toughness to be strengthened, the heating rod is used for raw material blank heating to be processed
To its forming temperature, the parameter for the ultrasonic vibration that the ultrasonic vibration ultrasonic transformer generates is using analysis of finite element by numerical simulation
Ultrasonic vibrational energy obtains during propagating, wherein, it shakes by adjusting the amplitude of ultrasonic vibration, frequency and power adjustment ultrasound
Energy, when the energy threshold needed for ultrasonic vibrational energy is more than nano-crystallization, the amplitude of corresponding ultrasonic vibration, frequency and
Power is the parameter of required ultrasonic vibration;
(c) raw material blank is placed in described device, the heating rod heats the raw material blank to its forming temperature, described
Non-crystaline amorphous metal part needed for device molding shaping, ultrasonic vibration starts in clamping process, until stopping during die sinking.
2. a kind of Plastic Forming and gradient method for toughening based on ultrasonic vibration as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The scope of forming temperature is stated between the glass transition temperature of the raw material blank and crystallization temperature.
3. a kind of Plastic Forming and gradient method for toughening, feature based on ultrasonic vibration as claimed in claim 1 or 2 exist
In in step (b), the heating rod preferably uses resistance heating stick.
It is 4. special such as claim 1-3 any one of them a kind of Plastic Forming and gradient method for toughening based on ultrasonic vibration
Sign is, in step (b), the toughening device is preferably using the mold for thermoplastic forming.
It is 5. special such as claim 1-4 any one of them a kind of Plastic Forming and gradient method for toughening based on ultrasonic vibration
Sign is, the non-crystaline amorphous metal be include Pd, Pt, Au, Zr, Ti, Fe, Cu, Ni, Al, Mg or Ce base possess thermoplastic forming
The non-crystaline amorphous metal of ability.
6. a kind of device used by method for toughening as described in claim 1-5, which is characterized in that the device include upper mold,
Lower die and cavity plate,
The upper mold is oppositely arranged with lower die, and forms shaping cavity with the cavity plate, is both provided in the upper die and lower die
Punch and insert, the punch is connected with driving servo-pressing machine, for raw material blank to be configured to required three-dimensional structure,
The insert is connected with ultrasonic vibration ultrasonic transformer, for carrying out ultrasonic vibration to the position of toughness to be strengthened, is set in the cavity plate
Heating rod is equipped with, which is used to heat blank.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201711304450.XA CN108085632B (en) | 2017-12-11 | 2017-12-11 | A kind of Plastic Forming and toughening process and its device based on ultrasonic vibration |
EP17916449.6A EP3530772B1 (en) | 2017-12-11 | 2017-12-19 | Plastic forming and toughening process method and apparatus based on ultrasonic vibration |
PCT/CN2017/117069 WO2019113995A1 (en) | 2017-12-11 | 2017-12-19 | Plastic forming and toughening process method and apparatus based on ultrasonic vibration |
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CN201711304450.XA CN108085632B (en) | 2017-12-11 | 2017-12-11 | A kind of Plastic Forming and toughening process and its device based on ultrasonic vibration |
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CN108085632A true CN108085632A (en) | 2018-05-29 |
CN108085632B CN108085632B (en) | 2019-07-23 |
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WO (1) | WO2019113995A1 (en) |
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CN109576514A (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2019-04-05 | 华中科技大学 | Metallic glass composite, preparation method and ultrasonic vibration thermoplastic forming device |
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WO2021227872A1 (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2021-11-18 | 苏州大学 | Powder slurry ultrasonic field-assisted imprinting forming microstructure device |
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CN109576514A (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2019-04-05 | 华中科技大学 | Metallic glass composite, preparation method and ultrasonic vibration thermoplastic forming device |
CN110026478A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-19 | 重庆三峡学院 | The method and apparatus of the compound timeliness progressive molding of Vibration Creep based on air pressure-loading |
CN110117711A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-08-13 | 深圳大学 | A method of driving amorphous alloy is quickly rejuvenated |
CN110117711B (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2021-01-19 | 深圳大学 | Method for driving rapid rejuvenation of amorphous alloy |
CN113245433A (en) * | 2020-02-13 | 2021-08-13 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Method for manufacturing die-cut material |
WO2021227872A1 (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2021-11-18 | 苏州大学 | Powder slurry ultrasonic field-assisted imprinting forming microstructure device |
CN114058890A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-02-18 | 西北工业大学 | Method for preparing Mg-Al-Zn-Mn-Cu multi-element alloy by three-dimensional ultrasonic combined sound field detection |
CN114058890B (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-04-19 | 西北工业大学 | Method for preparing Mg-Al-Zn-Mn-Cu multi-element alloy by three-dimensional ultrasonic combined sound field detection |
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CN108085632B (en) | 2019-07-23 |
WO2019113995A1 (en) | 2019-06-20 |
EP3530772A4 (en) | 2019-12-18 |
EP3530772B1 (en) | 2021-06-16 |
EP3530772A1 (en) | 2019-08-28 |
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