CN106578012A - Fresh keeping agent for morchella and application thereof - Google Patents
Fresh keeping agent for morchella and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106578012A CN106578012A CN201611003452.0A CN201611003452A CN106578012A CN 106578012 A CN106578012 A CN 106578012A CN 201611003452 A CN201611003452 A CN 201611003452A CN 106578012 A CN106578012 A CN 106578012A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- perss
- morchella esculenta
- morchella
- antistaling agent
- esculenta
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 241000221638 Morchella Species 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 240000002769 Morchella esculenta Species 0.000 claims description 219
- 235000002779 Morchella esculenta Nutrition 0.000 claims description 219
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid group Chemical group C(CC(O)(C(=O)O)CC(=O)O)(=O)O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000283898 Ovis Species 0.000 claims description 8
- XUFQPHANEAPEMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N famotidine Chemical compound NC(N)=NC1=NC(CSCCC(N)=NS(N)(=O)=O)=CS1 XUFQPHANEAPEMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- FRXSZNDVFUDTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline Chemical compound N1CCCC2=CC(OC)=CC=C21 FRXSZNDVFUDTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002137 ultrasound extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 208000016261 weight loss Diseases 0.000 description 60
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 60
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 43
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 12
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 9
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035943 smell Effects 0.000 description 3
- CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, potassium salt (1:1), (2E,4E)- Chemical compound [K+].CC=CC=CC([O-])=O CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XUMBMVFBXHLACL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Melanin Chemical compound O=C1C(=O)C(C2=CNC3=C(C(C(=O)C4=C32)=O)C)=C2C4=CNC2=C1C XUMBMVFBXHLACL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000259 anti-tumor effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000000205 computational method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004302 potassium sorbate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010241 potassium sorbate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940069338 potassium sorbate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000221637 Morchellaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001371 alpha-amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000008206 alpha-amino acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000840 anti-viral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000469 ethanolic extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144992 flock Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000003701 histiocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002519 immonomodulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)=O KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004053 quinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004249 sodium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002668 sodium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/153—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B7/154—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/04—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/153—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B7/157—Inorganic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Abstract
The invention discloses a fresh keeping agent for morchella and an application thereof and belongs to the field of fresh keeping of edible mushrooms. The fresh keeping agent includes morchella polysaccharide extract, morchella chitosan, ascorbic acid, a pH regulator, sodium chloride, and the balanced being water. The application includes the steps of: cleaning fresh morchella fruiting bodies and performing dehumidification; performing pressure-reduced pre-freezing treatment; soaking the morchella in the fresh keeping agent for 7-10 min, draining the morchella, placing the morchella on a plate and sealing the plate, and sealedly storing the morchella at 3-5 DEG C away from light. The fresh keeping agent is safe and high-effective and has no toxic and side effects on human body, can effectively prolong the fresh keeping time of fresh morchella and maintain the flavor and color of the morchella, is easy to carry out and has good fresh keeping effects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of edible fungus fresh-keeping field, more particularly to one kind is with Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers polysaccharide and Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss shitosan work
Antistaling agent and its application for natural fresh-keeping composition.
Background technology
Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss also known as delicious Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss, are commonly called as sheep passeris montani saturati bacterium, Semen Maydis bacterium etc..It is under the jurisdiction of Ascomycotina, discomycete, cup fungi
Mesh, Morchellaceae, morchella.Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss have the cellular cap of cavernous transformation, because its pole of figure is referred to as sheep like Gaster caprae seu Ovis
Tripe bacterium.Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss are described as first of " four big wild name bacterium ", imperial palace tribute, Italian top food materials, with high nutriture value
Value and medical value, are the large-scale edible and medicinal fungis of a class.Modern chemistry research has shown that Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss have resisting fatigue, resist
The effects such as bacterium, antiviral, antitumor, wherein the research to Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss active component polysaccharides is more, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss are had proven at present many
Sugar has the pharmacological actions such as antioxidation, antibacterium, antitumor and immunomodulating.
Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss contain more unique local flavor, and which is mostly derived from α-aminoacid, 2, the 4- diaminourea for wherein containing
The rare amino acids such as isopropylformic acid., cis- 3- aminoacid.And Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss aroma volatile is mainly 1-OCOL and Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum
Alcohol.Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss water content is higher, organizes very delicate, and cap surface does not have obvious protection structure, after harvesting, 1 under room temperature
～2d, cap internal moisture will evaporate lost in a large number, and cap and lamella start rupture of membranes, parachute-opening, dehydration, brown stain or even rot,
Have a strong impact on the edible and commodity value of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss.Therefore, the fresh-keeping problem after Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss harvesting is Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss industry development urgency
The major issue that need to be solved.
There is more research for edible fungus fresh-keeping technology, but mostly do not met based on ectogenic chemical composition
People advocate the theory of natural component, and the holding time is not also long.Patent of invention such as Application No. CN 201010046528.4 is public
Opened a kind of antistaling agent for edible fungi, the raw material used in its preparation method have sodium acetate, Sodium Chloride, potassium sorbate,
Ascorbic acid, acidic ph modifier, calcium regulator, shitosan；The patent of invention of Application No. 200510031309.8 proposes one
The preservation method of edible fungi is planted, it is that edible fungi is put into after edible oil-impregnated in sealing preserve.Meanwhile, these preservation techniques can
The color and luster and local flavor of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss itself can be covered, i.e. Flavor Acceptability is poor, and such as potassium sorbate is used as antibacterial or preservative
The use for having stink, edible oil may affect color and luster.At present, domestic academic is ground for the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss in edible fungi are fresh-keeping
Study carefully less, mention in having Master's thesis, this
The method of kind may bring other abnormal flavour into.Therefore, develop a kind of new Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss preservation technique of green very necessary.
The content of the invention
Present invention aims to the deficiencies in the prior art and a kind of green is provided, its mouth safely, effectively, is not affected
The Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent of sense, and its be applied to evaluate the fresh-keeping effect of the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss sample Jing after dehumidifying, decompression precooling treatment.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme is that：
On the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent, it is characterised in that by following component material according to certain
Mass percent is constituted：Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers polysaccharide 0.15%～0.25%, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss shitosan 0.13%～0.18%, ascorbic acid
0.12%～0.16%, pH adjusting agent 0.1%～0.15%, Sodium Chloride 0.15%～0.2%, remaining is water；The antistaling agent
After being added to the water by mass percentage, stirring and dissolving, room temperature are placed, standby.
In certain embodiments, in the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent that the present invention is provided, the Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers polysaccharide is according to following step
It is rapid to prepare：
(1) 100 mesh are crossed after smash fresh, cryodesiccated Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore tissue, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss powder is obtained；
(2) water of 30 times of volumes is added in step (1) the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss powder, ultrasound in ultrasonic extractor is placed in and is carried
Take, filter, obtain filtering residue and extracting solution；
(3) extracting solution obtained by step (2) is added into 95% second of 4 times of its volume to the concentrated solution Jing after concentrating under reduced pressure
Alcohol, stands 15h at 4 DEG C, removes supernatant, and sediment fraction is dried to constant weight at 40～50 DEG C, Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers polysaccharide is obtained.
In certain embodiments, in the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent that the present invention is provided, in the Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers polysaccharide preparation process (2)
Ultrasonic extraction conditions refer to that temperature is 60 DEG C of constant temperature, and ultrasonic power is 400W, and supersound extraction number of times is 2 times, each 20min.
In certain embodiments, in the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent that the present invention is provided, the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss shitosan is according to following
It is prepared by step：
(1) 100 mesh are crossed after smash cryodesiccated Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore tissue, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss powder is obtained；
(2) water of 30 times of volumes is added in step (1) the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss powder, ultrasound in ultrasonic extractor is placed in and is carried
Take, filter, obtain filtering residue and extracting solution；
(3) filtering residue obtained in step (2) is carried out into lyophilization；
(4) NaOH of the 1.5mol/L of 50 times of its volume is added in the lyophilizing Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss filtering residue in step (3), 100
At DEG C, condensing reflux processes 4h, is centrifuged, 3800r/min, 20min, supernatant discarded, and distilled water wash sediment fraction is until neutrality；
(5) add isopyknic 4% hydrochloric acid in sediment fraction obtained by step (4), stir process 2h at 100 DEG C, from
The heart, 3800r/min, 20min take supernatant, and it is 9.5 to adjust pH with 12mol/L NaOH solutions.Centrifugation, 3800r/min, 15min,
Precipitation is taken, is cleaned to neutrality with distilled water；Precipitated with 95% ethanol purge again.Centrifugation, 3800r/min, 15min take precipitation, in
Dry to constant weight at 45 DEG C, obtain final product Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss shitosan.
In certain embodiments, in the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent that the present invention is provided, the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss shitosan preparation process (2)
Middle ultrasonic extraction conditions refer to that temperature is 60 DEG C of constant temperature, and ultrasonic power is 400W, and supersound extraction number of times is 2 times, each 20min.
In certain embodiments, in the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent that the present invention is provided, the pH adjusting agent is citric acid, Fructus Mali pumilae
Acid, acetic acid, one or more compositions in lactic acid.
On the other hand, the present invention provides a kind of application of antistaling agent, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss dehumidifying：Complete, the bright by the thalline of fresh harvesting, no disease and pests harm Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore are cleaned,
Naturally be placed in after draining in cold preservation room, maintain indoor temperature be 25 DEG C, remove air in steam, it is not open close enter dry air,
The pressure of the dry air is 1KPa, processes 30min；
(2) Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss decompression precooling treatment：The cold room is carried out into evacuation process, the pressure in the cold preservation room is made
0.5～1KPa is maintained at, and the temperature in the cold preservation room is down to into 1～2 DEG C in 20min；After 5～7h, will be described
The pressure of cold room is slowly adjusted to atmospheric pressure, and the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss are taken out；
(3) pretreated Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss in step (2) are immersed in into 7-10min in the antistaling agent of present invention offer, are taken out
Naturally drain afterwards, sabot sealing is kept in dark place under conditions of 3～5 DEG C.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
1. the present invention adopts a kind of endogenous material Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers polysaccharide of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss itself as main antistaling agent composition.
Because Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss itself have unique local flavor and abnormal smells from the patient, from endogenic Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers polysaccharide as antistaling agent composition, not only may be used
To preserve the originally unique local flavor of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss and abnormal smells from the patient, also safety is nutritious.Meanwhile, the raw material that extraction Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers polysaccharide is used is
Substandard products or defect ware Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss, cost are relatively low, and the extracting solution that supersound extraction is obtained just can be obtained Jing after precipitate with ethanol Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers polysaccharide,
Method is simple to operation.
2. the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss shitosan that the present invention is used is that a kind of natural polymer is extracted from Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss cell wall
Shitosan.The relative shitosan obtained from animal body, the shitosan not only technique letter that the present invention is obtained from Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss cell wall
It is single, low cost, and contribute to preserving Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss itself uniqueness as the antistaling agent composition of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss using Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss shitosan
Abnormal smells from the patient and local flavor.
3rd, fresh Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss are carried out dehumidifying by the present invention, reduce pressure K cryogenic treatment, in conjunction with the chemically treated method of antistaling agent,
The freshness date of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss can be obviously prolonged.
4. the main antistaling agent composition Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers polysaccharide of the present invention, have between Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss shitosan and ascorbic acid it is obvious
Collaboration preservation, not only greatly enhance fresh-keeping effect, and the unique local flavor of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss will not be covered, environmental protection, safety
Nutrition again.
5. antistaling agent processing technology of the present invention is simple, application process simple operation, low cost.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be matched group 1, matched group 2, test 1, test 2, test 3, test 4, test 5 and comparative example 1, comparative example 2,
In comparative example 3 during Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss cold preservation weight-loss ratio change
Fig. 2 be matched group 1, matched group 2, test 1, test 2, test 3, test 4, test 5 and comparative example 1, comparative example 2,
Brown stain in comparative example 3 during Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss cold preservation
Specific embodiment
In order that the present invention becomes more apparent, below in conjunction with instantiation, the present invention will be described in further detail.
It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate rather than limit the scope of the present invention.
Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss are that Guangdong Dongyang Guang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd cultivates sample, and thalline is complete, bright, no disease and pests harm, nothing
Impurity foreign body, without lopsided breakage, cap is smooth, thalline immaculate rust stain, and bacterium table has no mechanical damage, with edible fungi peat-reek
Sporophore.
Embodiment 1：The preparation of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent and its fresh-keeping effect test 1
The preparation of a, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent
Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent is made up of according to certain mass percent the material of following component：First by 0.15% Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss
Polysaccharide is soluble in water, stirring and dissolving, then sequentially adds 0.13% Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss shitosan, 0.12% ascorbic acid, 0.1% vinegar
Acid, 0.15% Sodium Chloride, remaining is water, and stirring and dissolving, room temperature are placed standby.
Wherein, Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers polysaccharide is prepared in accordance with the following steps：
(1) 100 mesh are crossed after smash cryodesiccated Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore tissue, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss powder is obtained；
(2) water of 30 times of volumes is added in the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss powder described in step (1), ultrasound in ultrasonic extractor is placed in
Extract, temperature is 60 DEG C of constant temperature, and ultrasonic power is 400W, and supersound extraction 2 times, each 20min, after filtration, merge gained every time
Filtering residue and extracting solution；
(3) the 95% of 4 times of its volume is added in the concentrated solution Jing after concentrating under reduced pressure to extracting solution obtained by step (2)
Ethanol, stands 15h at 4 DEG C, removes supernatant, and sediment fraction is dried to constant weight at 40～50 DEG C, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss is obtained many
Sugar.
Wherein, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss shitosan is prepared according to following steps：
(1) 100 mesh are crossed after smash cryodesiccated Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore tissue, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss powder is obtained；
(2) water of 30 times of volumes is added in the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss powder described in step (1), ultrasound in ultrasonic extractor is placed in
Extract, temperature is 60 DEG C of constant temperature, and ultrasonic power is 400W, and supersound extraction 2 times, each 20min, after filtration, merge gained every time
Filtering residue and extracting solution；
(3) filtering residue obtained in step (2) is carried out into lyophilization；
(4) NaOH of the 1.5mol/L of 50 times of its volume is added in the lyophilizing Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss filtering residue described in step (3),
At 100 DEG C, condensing reflux processes 4h, is centrifuged, 3800r/min, 20min, supernatant discarded, and distilled water wash sediment fraction is in
Property；
(5) add isopyknic 4% hydrochloric acid in sediment fraction obtained by step (4), stir process 2h at 100 DEG C, from
The heart, 3800r/min, 20min take supernatant, and it is 9.5 to adjust pH with 12mol/L NaOH solutions, a large amount of white flock precipitates occurs.
Centrifugation, 3800r/min, 15min take precipitation, are cleaned to neutrality with distilled water；Precipitated with 95% ethanol purge again；Centrifugation,
3800r/min, 15min, take precipitation, dry to constant weight at 45 DEG C, obtain final product Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss shitosan.
b：The fresh-keeping effect test 1 of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent
Individual complete fresh Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore is chosen, after cleaning up, is drained, be soaked in antistaling agent and take after 7min
Go out to drain, sabot sealing is placed in 3 DEG C of cold rooms, every other day, calculates its moisture weight-loss ratio and brown stain degree.
Wherein, the computational methods of moisture weight-loss ratio are weight method.Calculated in the mass change of storage period according to sample and lost
Rate again.
The computational methods of brown stain degree are OD value methods.Weigh appropriate amount of sample to be added in 95% ethanol extract, in ice bath
It is fully ground, 10min is centrifuged under 8000r/min, takes supernatant and its light absorption value is surveyed under 420nm, according to the size of absorbance
Directly determine browning degree, brown stain degree is represented with this value size.
As a result show：5th day, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss weight-loss ratio was 0.30%, and brown stain degree is 0.164；10th day, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss weight-loss ratio
For 0.65%, brown stain degree is 0.204；20th day, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss weight-loss ratio was 2.95%, and brown stain degree is 0.293；30th day, Gaster caprae seu Ovis
Bacterium weight-loss ratio is 5.45%, and brown stain degree is 0.463.
Embodiment 2：The preparation of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent and its fresh-keeping effect test 2
The preparation of a, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent
Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent is made up of according to certain mass percent following component material：First will be 0.2% Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss many
Sugared soluble in water, stirring and dissolving, then sequentially adds 0.15% Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss shitosan, 0.14% ascorbic acid, 0.12% Fructus Citri Limoniae
Acid, 0.17% Sodium Chloride, remaining is water, and stirring and dissolving, room temperature are placed standby.Wherein, Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers polysaccharide and Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss shitosan
From the product that the preparation method of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers polysaccharide and Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss shitosan in embodiment 1 is obtained.
The fresh-keeping effect test 2 of b, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent
Individual complete fresh Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore is chosen, after cleaning up, is drained, be soaked in antistaling agent after 10min
Taking-up is drained, sabot sealing, is placed in 5 DEG C of cold rooms, every other day, is calculated its moisture weight-loss ratio and brown stain degree.
As a result show：5th day, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss weight-loss ratio was 0.27%, and brown stain degree is 0.145；10th day, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss weight-loss ratio
For 0.57%, brown stain degree is 0.175；20th day, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss weight-loss ratio was 2.17%, and brown stain degree is 0.245；30th day, Gaster caprae seu Ovis
Bacterium weight-loss ratio is 4.2%, and brown stain degree is 0.407.
Embodiment 3：The using method of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent and its fresh-keeping effect test 3
The using method of a, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent
(1) Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss dehumidifying：Complete, the bright by the thalline of fresh harvesting, no disease and pests harm Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore are cleaned,
Naturally be placed in after draining in cold preservation room, maintain indoor temperature be 25 DEG C, remove air in steam, it is not open close enter dry air,
The pressure of the dry air is 1KPa, processes 30min；
(2) Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss decompression precooling treatment：The cold room is carried out into evacuation process, the pressure in the cold preservation room is made
0.5KPa is maintained at, and the temperature in the cold preservation room is down to into 1 DEG C in 20min；After 5h, by the pressure of the cold room
It is strong to be slowly adjusted to atmospheric pressure, and the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss are taken out；
(3) pretreated Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss in step (2) are immersed in into antistaling agent 7min, are drained after taking-up naturally, sabot is close
Envelope, keeps in dark place under conditions of 3 DEG C.
Wherein, the antistaling agent is made up of according to certain mass percent the material of following component：0.15% Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss
Polysaccharide, 0.13% Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss shitosan, 0.12% ascorbic acid, 0.1% acetic acid, 0.15% Sodium Chloride, remaining is water, is stirred molten
Solution, room temperature are placed standby.
The fresh-keeping effect test 3 of b, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent
According to the using method of the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent in embodiment 3, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss are carried out fresh-keeping and evaluate its fresh-keeping effect
Really：Individual complete fresh Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore is chosen, after cleaning up, is put into Jing after dehumidifying, decompression precooling treatment fresh-keeping
In agent, takes out and drain after immersion 7min, sabot is sealed, and is placed in 3 DEG C of cold rooms, every other day, calculate its moisture weight-loss ratio and brown
Variation..
As a result show：5th day, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss weight-loss ratio was 0.15%, and brown stain degree is 0.124；10th day, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss weight-loss ratio
For 0.31%, brown stain degree is 0.149；20th day, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss weight-loss ratio was 0.93%, and brown stain degree is 0.185；30th day, Gaster caprae seu Ovis
Bacterium weight-loss ratio is 2.46%, and brown stain degree is 0.265.
Embodiment 4：The using method of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent and its fresh-keeping effect test 4
The using method of a, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent
(1) Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss dehumidifying：Complete, the bright by the thalline of fresh harvesting, no disease and pests harm Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss are cleaned, and are dripped naturally
Be placed in cold preservation room after dry, maintain indoor temperature to be 25 DEG C, remove steam in air, it is not open close enter dry air, it is described dry
The pressure of dry air is 1KPa, processes 30min；
(2) Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss decompression precooling treatment：The cold room is carried out into evacuation process, the pressure in the cold preservation room is made
0.8KPa is maintained at, and the temperature in the cold preservation room is down to into 1.5 DEG C in 20min；After 6h, by the cold room
Pressure is slowly adjusted to atmospheric pressure, and the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss are taken out；
(3) pretreated Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss in step (2) are immersed in into antistaling agent 8min, are drained after taking-up naturally, sabot is close
Envelope, keeps in dark place under conditions of 4 DEG C.
Wherein, the antistaling agent is made up of according to certain mass percent the material of following component：0.2% Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss are more
Sugar, 0.15% Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss shitosan, 0.16% ascorbic acid, 0.15% citric acid, 0.2% Sodium Chloride, remaining is water, is stirred molten
Solution, room temperature are placed standby.
The fresh-keeping effect test 4 of b, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent
According to the using method of the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent in embodiment 4, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss are carried out fresh-keeping and evaluate its fresh-keeping effect
Really：Individual complete fresh Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore is chosen, is put in antistaling agent Jing after dehumidifying, decompression precooling treatment, is soaked
Take out after 8min and drain, sabot sealing is placed in 4 DEG C of cold rooms, every other day, calculates its moisture weight-loss ratio and brown stain degree.
As a result show：5th day, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss weight-loss ratio was 0.14%, and brown stain degree is 0.120；10th day, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss weight-loss ratio
For 0.29%, brown stain degree is 0.143；20th day, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss weight-loss ratio was 0.81%, and brown stain degree is 0.174；30th day, Gaster caprae seu Ovis
Bacterium group weight-loss ratio is 2.24%, and brown stain degree is 0.244.
5 Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent using method of embodiment and its fresh-keeping effect test 5
The using method of a, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent
(1) Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss dehumidifying：Complete, the bright by the thalline of fresh harvesting, no disease and pests harm Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore are cleaned,
Naturally be placed in after draining in cold preservation room, maintain indoor temperature be 25 DEG C, remove air in steam, it is not open close enter dry air,
The pressure of the dry air is 1KPa, processes 30min；
(2) Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss decompression precooling treatment：The cold room is carried out into evacuation process, the pressure in the cold preservation room is made
1KPa is maintained at, and the temperature in the cold preservation room is down to into 2 DEG C in 20min；After 7h, by the pressure of the cold room
Slow modulation atmospheric pressure, and the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss are taken out；
(3) pretreated Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss in step (2) are immersed in into antistaling agent 10min, are drained after taking-up naturally, sabot is close
Envelope, keeps in dark place under conditions of 5 DEG C.
Wherein, the antistaling agent is made up of according to certain mass percent the material of following component：0.25% Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss
Polysaccharide, 0.18% Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss shitosan, 0.12% ascorbic acid, 0.1% acetic acid, 0.15% Sodium Chloride, remaining is water, is stirred molten
Solution, room temperature are placed standby.
The fresh-keeping effect test 5 of b, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent
According to the using method of the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent in embodiment 5, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss are carried out fresh-keeping and evaluate its fresh-keeping effect
Really：Individual complete fresh Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore is chosen, after cleaning up, is put into Jing after dehumidifying, decompression precooling treatment fresh-keeping
In agent, takes out and drains after immersion 10min, sabot is sealed, and is placed in 5 DEG C of cold rooms, by every other day, calculate its moisture weight-loss ratio
With brown stain degree.
As a result show：5th day, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss weight-loss ratio was 0.11%, and brown stain degree is 0.114；10th day, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss weight-loss ratio
For 0.25%, brown stain degree is 0.134；20th day, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss weight-loss ratio was 0.73%, and brown stain degree is 0.152；30th day, Gaster caprae seu Ovis
Bacterium weight-loss ratio is 2.12%, and brown stain degree is 0.211.
Additionally, two matched groups are set, wherein,
Matched group 1：Individual complete fresh Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore is chosen, after cleaning up, is drained, is soaked in 7min in water
Take out afterwards and drain, sabot sealing is placed in 4 DEG C of cold rooms, every other day, calculates its moisture weight-loss ratio and brown stain degree；
Matched group 2：Choose individual complete fresh Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore, the bar after cleaning up, according to embodiment 3
Part carries out dehumidifying to Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss, reduce pressure precooling treatment, is put in water afterwards, takes out and drain after immersion 7min, and sabot is sealed, and is placed in
4 DEG C of cold rooms, every other day, calculate its moisture weight-loss ratio and brown stain degree.
As a result：In matched group 1, the 5th day, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss weight-loss ratio was 1.12%, and brown stain degree is 0.211；10th day, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss
Weight-loss ratio is 2.20%, and brown stain degree is 0.263；20th day, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss weight-loss ratio was 4.24%, and brown stain degree is 0.384；30th
My god, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss weight-loss ratio is 7.43%, and brown stain degree is 0.619.In matched group 2, the 5th day, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss weight-loss ratio was 0.28%, brown
Variation is 0.153；10th day, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss weight-loss ratio was 0.58%, and brown stain degree is 0.183；20th day, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss weight-loss ratio was
2.38%, brown stain degree is 0.273；30th day, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss weight-loss ratio was 4.48%, and brown stain degree is 0.432.
Arrange 3 comparative examples to be compared with embodiment 3,4,5, to Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers polysaccharide in Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent of the present invention,
The potentiation of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss shitosan and ascorbic acid three is evaluated.
Comparative example 1：Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss sample treatment is same as Example 3, but antistaling agent by the material of following component according to certain
Mass percent composition：Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers polysaccharide 0.15%, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss shitosan 0.13%, acetic acid 0.15%, Sodium Chloride 0.17%,
Remaining is water.
Comparative example 2：Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss sample treatment is same as Example 3, but the material of antistaling agent following component is according to certain
Mass percent is constituted：Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers polysaccharide 0.15%, ascorbic acid 0.16%, acetic acid 0.15%, Sodium Chloride 0.17%, remaining is
Water.
Comparative example 3：Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss sample treatment is same as Example 3, but the material of antistaling agent following component is according to certain
Mass percent is constituted：Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss shitosan 0.13%, ascorbic acid 0.16%, acetic acid 0.15%, Sodium Chloride 0.17%, remaining
For water.
Discussion of results and analysis：Under normal circumstances, in complete tissue for respiratory carrier phenol-quinone oxidation-reduction system
Dynamic equilibrium is remain, after their histiocyte is impaired, oxygen is invaded in a large number, and quinones substance is further oxidative polymerization into
Melanin, so as to cause the generation of brown stain, and then has a strong impact on its outward appearance and edibility；Meanwhile, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss storage period is lost
Be mainly derived from water again, the size of moisture in Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss not only affects its quality, and affect its keeping quality and
Disease resistance, therefore, reference can be provided for the fresh-keeping effect for evaluating antistaling agent by the two indexs.By matched group 1, matched group 2,
Test 1, test 2, test 3, test 4, the weight-loss ratio of 5 and 3 experiments of comparative example 1,2,3 of test and brown stain degree result pass through chart
To represent, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, abscissa is different experimental grouies, and vertical coordinate is respectively weight-loss ratio and brown stain degree.
Fig. 1 is the weight-loss ratio result of 10 experimental grouies, is understood from figure, and blank control group 1 is Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss without dehumidifying, subtract
Pressure precooling treatment and the experimental group of antistaling agent immersion, the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss weight-loss ratio are relatively slow in weight-loss ratio change in 0～10 day, but afterwards
With the prolongation weight-loss ratio speed fast lifting of storage time, at the 30th day to 7.43%；Matched group 2 is Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss Jing
Crossing dehumidifying, decompression precooling treatment still uses the experimental group of antistaling agent immersion, this group of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss to become in 0～10 day weight-loss ratio
Change more slowly, subsequent weight loss rate is also gradually lifted, and reaches 4.48% in the 30th day weight-loss ratio；Test 1 and test 2 are Gaster caprae seu Ovis
Bacterium is without dehumidifying, decompression precooling treatment, but is soaked using antistaling agent, and as seen from the figure, the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss weight-loss ratio was at 0～10 day
Weight-loss ratio change is relatively slow, but afterwards with the prolongation weight-loss ratio speed fast lifting of storage time, the weight-loss ratio at the 30th day
Respectively reach 5.45% and 4.20%.By front four groups of experiments, through dehumidifying, decompression precooling treatment and antistaling agent immersion meeting
Slow down Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss weight loss rate.Test 3, test 4 and test 5 are Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss through dehumidifying, decompression precooling treatment and antistaling agent leaching
Bubble, as shown in Figure 1, the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss weight-loss ratio of three groups of experiments is more slow in weight-loss ratio change in 0～20 day, at the 30th day its
Weight-loss ratio is respectively 2.46%, 2.24% and 2.12%.Compared with above 4 groups of experiments, while at dehumidifying, decompression pre-cooling
Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss its fresh-keeping effect of reason and antistaling agent immersion is more notable.
Comparative example 1, comparative example 2,3 three experimental grouies of comparative example are that Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss pass through dehumidifying, reduce pressure precooling treatment, but it
After be immersed in antistaling agent, the composition of the antistaling agent is different.As shown in Figure 1, the weight-loss ratio of three contrast experiments and test
3rd, test 45 is compared with test, and its weight-loss ratio is more serious, though front 20 days weight-loss ratios rise it is more slow, at the 30th day its
Weight-loss ratio is respectively 2.73%, 3.26% and 3.31%, i.e., explanation is when Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers polysaccharide, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss shitosan and ascorbic acid three
Person contributes to slowing down weight-loss ratio rising in the presence of simultaneously.
Fig. 2 is the brown stain degree chart of 10 experimental grouies, and the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss brown stain situation of matched group 1 is particularly acute as seen from the figure,
And the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss browning degree through dehumidifying, decompression precooling treatment and antistaling agent immersion is substantially better than matched group 1.When 0～10 day,
Matched group 1, matched group 2, the browning degree of 2 experimental grouies of test 1 and test change more slow, but its brown stain journey when the 20th day
Degree rises more quickly, at the 30th day, and 1 brown stain degree of matched group reaches 0.619, and 2 brown stain degree of matched group reaches 0.432, test 1
0.463 and 0.407 is respectively reached with 2 brown stain degree of test.When 0～20 day, test 3, test 4 are mutually compared with the brown stain degree of test 5
Relatively slow according to group 1 and 2 browning degree of matched group, browning degree rises comparatively fast afterwards, and at the 30th day, brown stain degree was respectively
0.265th, 0.244 and 0.211.Comparative example 1,3 three experimental grouies of comparative example 2 and comparative example browning degree at 0～10 day compared with
For slow, browning degree is obviously improved after 10 days, compared with test 3, test 4 and test 5, it is known that, when antistaling agent into
In point, Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers polysaccharide, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss shitosan, ascorbic acid three contribute to slowing down its browning degree in the presence of simultaneously.
Therefore, by embodiment, when Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss sample is soaked through dehumidifying, decompression precooling treatment and antistaling agent,
Contribute to slowing down weight-loss ratio and brown stain degree, you can extend the freshness date of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss.Meanwhile, when Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers polysaccharide, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss shell gather
When sugar, ascorbic acid three are present in the middle of antistaling agent composition simultaneously, its fresh-keeping effect can be greatly enhanced.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent, it is characterised in that be made up of according to certain mass percent following component material：Gaster caprae seu Ovis
Granulose 0.15%～0.25%, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss shitosan 0.13%～0.18%, ascorbic acid 0.12%～0.16%, pH regulator
Agent 0.1%～0.15%, Sodium Chloride 0.15%～0.2%, remaining is water.
2. Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers polysaccharide is in accordance with the following steps
Prepare：
(1) 100 mesh are crossed after smash cryodesiccated Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore tissue, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss powder is obtained；
(2) water of 30 times of volumes is added in step (1) the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss powder, supersound extraction in ultrasonic extractor is placed in,
Filter, obtain filtering residue and extracting solution；
(3) Jing after concentrating under reduced pressure, 95% ethanol of 4 times of its volume is added to the concentrated solution to gained extracting solution in step (2),
15h is stood at 4 DEG C, supernatant is removed, sediment fraction is dried to constant weight at 40～50 DEG C, Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers polysaccharide is obtained.
3. Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent as claimed in claim 2, the wherein ultrasonic extraction conditions described in step (2) refer to that temperature is 60
DEG C constant temperature, ultrasonic power are 400W, and supersound extraction number of times is 2 times, each 20min.
4. Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss shitosan is according to following step
It is rapid to prepare：
(1) 100 mesh are crossed after smash cryodesiccated Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore tissue, Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss powder is obtained；
(2) water of 30 times of volumes is added in step (1) the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss powder, supersound extraction in ultrasonic extractor is placed in,
Filter, obtain filtering residue and extracting solution；
(3) filtering residue obtained in step (2) is carried out into lyophilization；
(4) NaOH of the 1.5mol/L of 50 times of its volume is added in the lyophilizing Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss filtering residue in step (3), at 100 DEG C
Condensing reflux processes 4h, is centrifuged, 3800r/min, 20min, supernatant discarded, and distilled water wash sediment fraction is until neutrality；
(5) in sediment fraction obtained by step (4) isopyknic 4% hydrochloric acid, stir process 2h at 100 DEG C is added to be centrifuged,
3800r/min, 20min, take supernatant, and it is 9.5 to adjust pH with 12mol/L NaOH solutions.Centrifugation, 3800r/min, 15min take
Precipitation, is cleaned to neutrality with distilled water；Precipitated with 95% ethanol purge again, centrifugation, 3800r/min, 15min take precipitation, 45 DEG C
Dry to constant weight, obtain final product Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss shitosan.
5. Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent as claimed in claim 4, the wherein ultrasonic extraction conditions described in step (2) refer to that temperature is 60
DEG C constant temperature, ultrasonic power are 400W, and supersound extraction number of times is 2 times, each 20min.
6. Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the pH adjusting agent is citric acid, malic acid, vinegar
One or more compositions in acid, lactic acid.
7. a kind of application of antistaling agent, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss dehumidifying：Complete, the bright by the thalline of fresh harvesting, no disease and pests harm Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore are cleaned, natural
Be placed in after draining in cold preservation room, maintain indoor temperature be 25 DEG C, remove air in steam, it is not open close enter dry air, it is described
The pressure of dry air is 1KPa, processes 30min；
(2) Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss decompression precooling treatment：The cold room is carried out into evacuation process, keeps the pressure in the cold preservation room
In 0.5～1KPa, and the temperature in the cold preservation room is down to into 1～2 DEG C in 20min；After 5～7h, by the cold preservation
The pressure of room is slowly adjusted to atmospheric pressure, and the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss are taken out；
(3) pretreated Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss in step (2) are immersed in into the Morchella esculenta (L.) Perss antistaling agent described in claim 1-6 any one
Middle 7-10min, is drained after taking-up naturally, sabot sealing, is kept in dark place under conditions of 3～5 DEG C.
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| CN201611003452.0A CN106578012B (en) | 2016-11-15 | 2016-11-15 | Morchella preservative and application thereof |
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| CN107312718A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-11-03 | 佛山推启农业研究院（普通合伙） | A kind of method of the fresh-keeping hickory chick of utilization nisin fermented liquid |
| CN107494704A (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2017-12-22 | 佛山推启农业研究院（普通合伙） | A kind of natural fresh-keeping method of hickory chick |
| CN109548862A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-02 | 成都市农林科学院 | A kind of slow-release compound preservative and preparation method thereof fresh-keeping for hickory chick diseases prevention |
| CN110338218A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-18 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of hickory chick edible boilogical antistaling agent and its application |
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| CN106578012B (en) | 2020-04-21 |
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