CN106569261A - Seismic data velocity interpolation method and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a seismic data velocity interpolation method and system; the method comprises the following steps: obtaining a velocity value of the seismic data; using Cubic Convolution to carry out interpolation operation for the obtained velocity value; carrying out imaging process for the seismic data according to the velocity value after interpolation operation. The method and system can improve the velocity interpolation precision, thus improving imaging result, and more accurately reflecting subsurface structure lateral variations.

Description

Geological data speed interpolation method and system

Technical field

It relates to seismic data processing field, and in particular to a kind of geological data speed interpolation method and be System.

Background technology

During seismic data process, velocity analysiss are a very important processes, and it affects the essence of imaging Degree, determines the success or failure for processing.But in interactive speed analysis, due to workload and the limit of physical condition System, it is difficult to accomplish the pickup that speed point is carried out to each bin.Therefore, in process of production, generally with plus On the basis of the data wire period of contained network lattice, speed point is analyzed according to certain intervals, then by space Interpolation calculation, with the density of the analysis site that gathers way, is ultimately imaged so as to improve data processing precision, improvement As a result.In prior art, the method conventional to the analysis of earthquake data speed is bilinearity and biquadratic interpolation side Method, they can meet the data processing in most of work area, but change violent ground in underground transverse structure Area, the speed obtained by both conventional method interpolation is no longer accurate, has had a strong impact on final imaging results.

The content of the invention

To solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present disclosure proposes a kind of geological data speed interpolation Method and system, which raises speed interpolation precision, improve imaging results, while can be more accurately anti- Reflect subsurface structure cross directional variations.

According to an aspect of this disclosure, it is proposed that a kind of geological data speed interpolation method, the method can be with Comprise the following steps：Obtain the velocity amplitude in geological data；Using cube convolution, the velocity amplitude to obtaining enters Row interpolation computing；According to the velocity amplitude after interpolation arithmetic, imaging processing is carried out to geological data.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, it is proposed that a kind of geological data speed interpolation system, the system can be with Including with lower unit：Acquiring unit, obtains the velocity amplitude in geological data；Interpolating unit, using a cube volume Product, the velocity amplitude to obtaining carries out interpolation arithmetic；Image-generating unit, it is right according to the velocity amplitude after interpolation arithmetic Geological data carries out imaging processing.

Various aspects of the disclosure can carry out interpolation arithmetic to the velocity amplitude in geological data, improve speed Interpolation precision, improves imaging results, while subsurface structure cross directional variations can more accurately be reflected.

Description of the drawings

Disclosure illustrative embodiments are described in more detail by combining accompanying drawing, the disclosure it is above-mentioned And other purposes, feature and advantage will be apparent from, wherein, in disclosure illustrative embodiments In, identical reference number typically represents same parts.

The flow process of the step of Fig. 1 shows the geological data speed interpolation method according to an example of the disclosure Figure.

Fig. 2 shows the determination interpolation of the geological data speed interpolation method of an example according to the disclosure The schematic diagram of 16 velocity amplitudes near point.

Fig. 3 shows the Interpolation-Radix-Function of the geological data speed interpolation method of an example according to the disclosure.

Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B show the signal using the Comparative result obtained by conventional method and disclosed method Figure.

Specific embodiment

The preferred implementation of the disclosure is more fully described below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although showing in accompanying drawing The preferred implementation of the disclosure, however, it is to be appreciated that may be realized in various forms the disclosure and should not be by Embodiments set forth herein is limited.Conversely, thesing embodiments are provided so that the disclosure is more saturating It is thorough and complete, and the scope of the present disclosure can be conveyed to intactly those skilled in the art.

First embodiment

Referring to Fig. 1, the step of it illustrates the geological data speed interpolation method according to an example of the disclosure Flow chart, in this embodiment, the method may comprise steps of：

Step 101, obtains the velocity amplitude in geological data；

Step 102, using cube convolution, the velocity amplitude to obtaining carries out interpolation arithmetic；

Step 103, according to the velocity amplitude after interpolation arithmetic, to geological data imaging processing is carried out.

Velocity amplitude in geological data of the present embodiment by using cube convolution to acquisition carries out interpolation arithmetic, And then imaging processing is carried out to geological data, and speed interpolation precision is improve, imaging results are improved, while Subsurface structure cross directional variations can more accurately be reflected.

Obtain the velocity amplitude in geological data

In one example, those skilled in the art can be obtained by known any existing technological means Take the velocity amplitude in geological data.Velocity amplitude can be interval velocity, ray velocity and stack velocity etc..This Art personnel should be understood that listed above is only example, and to be not exhaustive all of can to enter The velocity amplitude of row velocity analysiss.

Interpolation arithmetic is carried out to the velocity amplitude for obtaining using cube convolution

In one example, it is possible to use cube convolution carries out interpolation arithmetic to the velocity amplitude for obtaining.Referring to Fig. 2, In source images the coordinate of interpolation point be (i+u, j+v), i and j be positive integer, u represent interpolation point with it is most adjacent Nearly velocity amplitude point (i, j) distance in the horizontal direction, v represents interpolation point with closest velocity amplitude point (i, j) perpendicular Nogata to distance.F (i+u, the j+v) expressions of the velocity amplitude of interpolation point, determine 16 near interpolation point Individual velocity amplitude, respectively：f(i-1,j-2)、f(i,j-2)、f(i+1,j-2)、f(i+2,j-2)、f(i-1,j-1)、 f(i,j-1)、f(i+1,j-1)、f(i+2,j-1)、f(i-1,j)、f(i,j)、f(i+1,j)、f(i+2,j)、f(i-1,j+1)、 F (i, j+1), f (i+1, j+1), f (i+2, j+1), using cube sum formula f (i+u, j+v)=A*B*C Obtain the velocity amplitude of interpolation point.Wherein, A, B, C are matrix, and its form is：

A=[S (1+u) S (u) S (1-u) S (2-u)]

C=[S (1+v) S (v) S (1-v) S (2-v)]^T

Wherein, S is Interpolation-Radix-Function.Fig. 3 shows the geological data interpolation of an example according to the disclosure The Interpolation-Radix-Function of method, the Interpolation-Radix-Function is optimal interpolation function sin (x) on approximation theory/x, its number Learning expression formula is：

Wherein, w is the distance between interpolation point and closest velocity amplitude point, is referred to as side-play amount.

Cube sum method makees cubic interpolation by using 16 velocity amplitudes near interpolation point, not only In view of the velocity amplitude of 4 direct neighbor points, and in view of the change of the velocity amplitude between each consecutive points of periphery Rate, can obtain the actual speed closer to subsurface structure, be more applicable for the larger area of cross directional variations.

According to the velocity amplitude after interpolation arithmetic, imaging processing is carried out to geological data

In one example, those skilled in the art can be by known any existing technological means to inserting Velocity amplitude after value computing carries out imaging processing, so as to provide more more valuable numbers for seismic survey work According to data.Wherein, imaging processing can be superposition or migration imaging etc., it will be understood by those skilled in the art that Listed above is only example, the not exhaustive all of method that can carry out imaging processing.

Using example

For ease of understanding the scheme and its effect of the embodiment of the present disclosure, a concrete application example given below. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the example is only for the purposes of understanding the disclosure, its any detail is not It is intended to limit the disclosure by any way.

Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B show the signal using the Comparative result obtained by conventional method and disclosed method Figure.Two width figures are all based on the stacked profile map that certain identical earthquake data information in mountain front area is obtained, Fig. 4 A It is the result figure obtained using conventional speeds interpolation method, Fig. 4 B are the results obtained using disclosed method Figure.Can be seen that from Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B and imaging be overlapped to geological data using disclosed method, Its interpolation precision is higher, and imaging effect is more preferable.And the method to be more suitable for subsurface structure cross directional variations larger Area.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that above the purpose of the description of embodiment of this disclosure is only for example Property ground explanation embodiments of the invention beneficial effect, be not intended to by embodiment of the disclosure be limited to Any example for going out.

Second embodiment

In this embodiment, there is provided a kind of geological data speed interpolation system, the system can include following Unit：Acquiring unit, obtains the velocity amplitude in geological data；Interpolating unit, using cube convolution, to obtaining The velocity amplitude for taking carries out interpolation arithmetic；Image-generating unit, according to the velocity amplitude after interpolation arithmetic, to geological data Carry out imaging processing.

Velocity amplitude in geological data of the present embodiment by using cube convolution to acquisition carries out interpolation arithmetic, And then imaging processing is carried out to geological data, and speed interpolation precision is improve, imaging results are improved, while Subsurface structure cross directional variations can more accurately be reflected.

Acquiring unit

In one example, acquiring unit obtain geological data in velocity amplitude, velocity amplitude can be interval velocity, Ray velocity and stack velocity etc., those skilled in the art can be by known any existing technology handss Section come obtain it is any be desired with analyze and process velocity amplitude.

Interpolating unit

In one example, interpolation arithmetic bag is carried out to the velocity amplitude for obtaining using cube convolution in interpolating unit Include：Determine 16 velocity amplitudes near interpolation point；Based on 16 described velocity amplitudes, using a cube volume Product formula for interpolation, obtains the velocity amplitude of interpolation point, wherein, the cube sum formula is

F (i+u, j+v)=A*B*C

Wherein, A, B, C are matrix, and its form is：

A=[S (1+u) S (u) S (1-u) S (2-u)]

C=[S (1+v) S (v) S (1-v) S (2-v)]^T

Wherein, f (i, j) is the velocity amplitude at coordinate (i, j) place, and i and j is positive integer；(i+u, j+v) is interpolation point Coordinate, u and v is the decimal more than zero less than 1, and u represents that interpolation point exists with closest velocity amplitude point (i, j) The distance of horizontal direction, v represents the distance of interpolation point and closest velocity amplitude point (i, j) in vertical direction； F (i+u, j+v) is the velocity amplitude of interpolation point；S is Interpolation-Radix-Function.

In one example, Interpolation-Radix-Function is

Wherein, w is the distance between interpolation point and closest velocity amplitude point.

Image-generating unit

In one example, image-generating unit is imaged based on the velocity amplitude after interpolation arithmetic to geological data Process, those skilled in the art can be by known any existing technological means to the speed after interpolation arithmetic Angle value carries out imaging processing, so as to provide more more valuable data informations for seismic survey work.Wherein, Imaging processing can be superposition or migration imaging etc., it will be understood by those skilled in the art that it is listed above only Only it is example, the not exhaustive all of method that can carry out imaging processing.

Above-mentioned technical proposal is one embodiment of the present invention, for those skilled in the art, The invention discloses on the basis of application process and principle, it is easy to make various types of improvement or deformation, The method being not limited solely to described by above-mentioned specific embodiment of the invention, therefore previously described mode is Preferably, and not restrictive meaning.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of geological data speed interpolation method, the method comprising the steps of：

Obtain the velocity amplitude in geological data；

Using cube convolution, the velocity amplitude to obtaining carries out interpolation arithmetic；

According to the velocity amplitude after interpolation arithmetic, imaging processing is carried out to geological data.

2. geological data speed interpolation method according to claim 1, wherein, using cube convolution, Velocity amplitude to obtaining carries out interpolation arithmetic to be included：

Determine 16 velocity amplitudes near interpolation point；

Based on 16 described velocity amplitudes, using cube sum formula, the velocity amplitude of interpolation point is obtained,

Wherein, the cube sum formula is expressed as

F (i+u, j+v)=A*B*C

Wherein, A, B, C are matrix, and its form is：

A=[S (1+u) S (u) S (1-u) S (2-u)]

$B=\left[\begin{array}{cccc}f\left(i-1,j-2\right)& f\left(i,j-2\right)& f\left(i+1,j-2\right)& f\left(i+2,j-2\right)\\ f\left(i-1,j-1\right)& f\left(i,j-1\right)& f\left(i+1,j-1\right)& f\left(i+2,j-1\right)\\ f\left(i-1,j\right)& f\left(i,j\right)& f\left(i+1,j\right)& f\left(i+2,j\right)\\ f\left(i-1,j+1\right)& f\left(i,j+1\right)& f\left(i+1,j+1\right)& f\left(i+2,j+1\right)\end{array}\right]$

C=[S (1+v) S (v) S (1-v) S (2-v)]^T

Wherein, f (i, j) is the velocity amplitude at coordinate (i, j) place, and i and j is positive integer；(i+u, j+v) is interpolation point Coordinate, u and v is the decimal more than zero less than 1, and u represents that interpolation point exists with closest velocity amplitude point (i, j) The distance of horizontal direction, v represents the distance of interpolation point and closest velocity amplitude point (i, j) in vertical direction； F (i+u, j+v) is the velocity amplitude of interpolation point；S is Interpolation-Radix-Function.

3. geological data speed interpolation method according to claim 2, wherein,

The Interpolation-Radix-Function is

$S\left(w\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}1-2|w{|}^2+|w{|}^3& 0\&le;\left|w\right|<1\\ 4-8\left|w\right|+5|w{|}^2-|w{|}^3& 1\&le;\left|w\right|<2\\ 0& \left|w\right|\&GreaterEqual;2\end{array}\right.$

Wherein, w is the distance between interpolation point and closest velocity amplitude point.

4. a kind of geological data speed interpolation system, the system is included with lower unit：

Acquiring unit, obtains the velocity amplitude in geological data；

Interpolating unit, using cube convolution, the velocity amplitude to obtaining carries out interpolation arithmetic；

Image-generating unit, according to the velocity amplitude after interpolation arithmetic, to geological data imaging processing is carried out.

5. geological data speed interpolation system according to claim 4, wherein, using cube convolution, Velocity amplitude to obtaining carries out interpolation arithmetic to be included：

Determine 16 velocity amplitudes near interpolation point；

Based on 16 described velocity amplitudes, using cube sum formula, the velocity amplitude of interpolation point is obtained,

Wherein, the cube sum formula is expressed as

F (i+u, j+v)=A*B*C

Wherein, A, B, C are matrix, and its form is：

A=[S (1+u) S (u) S (1-u) S (2-u)]

$B=\left[\begin{array}{cccc}f\left(i-1,j-2\right)& f\left(i,j-2\right)& f\left(i+1,j-2\right)& f\left(i+2,j-2\right)\\ f\left(i-1,j-1\right)& f\left(i,j-1\right)& f\left(i+1,j-1\right)& f\left(i+2,j-1\right)\\ f\left(i-1,j\right)& f\left(i,j\right)& f\left(i+1,j\right)& f\left(i+2,j\right)\\ f\left(i-1,j+1\right)& f\left(i,j+1\right)& f\left(i+1,j+1\right)& f\left(i+2,j+1\right)\end{array}\right]$

C=[S (1+v) S (v) S (1-v) S (2-v)]^T

Wherein, f (i, j) is the velocity amplitude at coordinate (i, j) place, and i and j is positive integer；(i+u, j+v) is interpolation point Coordinate, u and v is the decimal more than zero less than 1, and u represents that interpolation point exists with closest velocity amplitude point (i, j) The distance of horizontal direction, v represents the distance of interpolation point and closest velocity amplitude point (i, j) in vertical direction； F (i+u, j+v) is the velocity amplitude of interpolation point；S is Interpolation-Radix-Function.

6. geological data speed interpolation system according to claim 5, wherein,

The Interpolation-Radix-Function is

$S\left(w\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}1-2|w{|}^2+|w{|}^3& 0\&le;\left|w\right|<1\\ 4-8\left|w\right|+5|w{|}^2-|w{|}^3& 1\&le;\left|w\right|<2\\ 0& \left|w\right|\&GreaterEqual;2\end{array}\right.$

Wherein, w is the distance between interpolation point and closest velocity amplitude point.