CN106568562B - The test method and device of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property - Google Patents
The test method and device of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property Download PDFInfo
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- CN106568562B CN106568562B CN201610913012.2A CN201610913012A CN106568562B CN 106568562 B CN106568562 B CN 106568562B CN 201610913012 A CN201610913012 A CN 201610913012A CN 106568562 B CN106568562 B CN 106568562B
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Abstract
The present invention provides the test methods and device of a kind of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property.Wherein, this method comprises the following steps: calculating wind load of the power transmission tower under each default operating condition；The finite element model for establishing power transmission tower cross-arm applies corresponding wind load to power transmission tower cross-arm under each default operating condition；Stress of each rod piece under wind load in cross-arm is calculated, and chooses stress ratio and is greater than the rod piece of default stress ratio as measurement rod piece；When wind load loosens the bolt for being installed on each measurement rod piece, the pretightning force time-history curves for being installed on the bolt of selected measurement rod piece are obtained；Load number when determining that each bolt loosens according to pretightning force time-history curves；Load number when being loosened according to each bolt determines the distribution situation of each bolt disengaged position, and the bolt loosened at first is determined as to the bolt of anti-loosening property weakness.Method provided by the invention realizes the purpose of the anti-loosening property investigation to cross-arm structure entirety, and then keeps the security performance of transmission line of electricity more preferable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to screw retention technical fields, in particular to a kind of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property
Test method and device.
Background technique
Bolt is the critical component of power transmission tower rod piece connection and power transmission, and tightening state not only influences the reliable of tower entirety
Property, or even threaten the safe operation of whole route.Cross-arm is suspension and support zone of the conducting wire in power transmission tower, and high wind is waved
Under dynamic load function, cross-arm bears to continue alternate load, and bolt is easier to loosen.The end of the year 2009 are to China at the beginning of 2010
A wide range of conductor galloping disaster occurs, the damage of shaft tower caused by wherein Henan Province is waved is more serious, the main original of shaft tower damage
Because being that crossarm bolt loosens caused by waving, and then cross-arm or whole tower is caused to destroy.
In existing power transmission tower screw retention performance test, subjects are single bolt sample, amplitude and frequency foundation
GB/T 10431-2008 " fastener oscillation crosswise test method " value, the standard are primarily adapted for use in machinery industry fastener,
The oscillatory load applied is only horizontal loading, and the bolt thereby determined that loosens rule and anti-loosening property, not can accurately reflect defeated
Pylon cross-arm time of day of exposure level load and vertical load simultaneously under the conditions ofs high wind, waving etc..Further, since big
Wind is waved under load action, and the stress of plane, side and lower plane rod piece is different on cross-arm, thus bolt is got loose
Mechanism, sequencing and distributing position there is also larger difference, traditional single screw retention performance test, which is not able to satisfy, to be examined
The requirement of cross-arm entirety anti-loosening property is examined, and then not can guarantee the safety of cross-arm entirety, to threaten the safety of transmission line of electricity
Performance.
Summary of the invention
In consideration of it, the invention proposes the test methods and device of a kind of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property, it is intended to solve
Certainly existing screw retention method for testing performance can only investigate the anti-loosening property of single bolt and then lead to transmission line safety
The problem of energy difference.
On one side, the invention proposes a kind of test methods of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property, including walk as follows
Rapid: load calculates step, calculates wind load of the power transmission tower under each default operating condition；Wind load applies step, in each default operating condition
Under corresponding wind load is applied to power transmission tower cross-arm；Rod piece selecting step is measured, each rod piece is under wind load in calculating cross-arm
Stress, and choose stress ratio and be greater than the rod piece of default stress ratio as measurement rod piece；Pretightning force time-history curves obtaining step, works as wind
When load loosens the bolt for being installed on each measurement rod piece, the pretightning force time-histories for being installed on the bolt of selected measurement rod piece is obtained
Curve；Load number determining step is loosened, load number when determining that each bolt loosens according to pretightning force time-history curves；Locking property
Energy appraisal procedure, load number when being loosened according to each bolt determine the distribution situation of each bolt disengaged position, and will be loose at first
De- bolt is determined as the bolt of anti-loosening property weakness.
Further, in the test method of above-mentioned power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property, load is calculated in step: default work
Condition includes: strong wind operating condition and waves operating condition.
Further, in the test method of above-mentioned power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property, presetting operating condition is strong wind operating condition, lotus
Carrying calculating step further comprises: strong wind operating condition cross-arm horizontal wind excitation determines sub-step, at the hanging point for calculating power transmission tower cross-arm
Wind load of the transmission pressure under strong wind operating condition, by wind load of the transmission pressure under strong wind operating condition at the hanging point of power transmission tower cross-arm
It is determined as horizontal wind excitation of the power transmission tower cross-arm under strong wind operating condition；The vertical wind load of strong wind operating condition cross-arm determines sub-step, will
The sum of transmission pressure, fitting and insulator three are determined as vertical wind load of the power transmission tower cross-arm under strong wind operating condition.
Further, in the test method of above-mentioned power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property, power transmission tower cross-arm is in strong wind operating condition
Under horizontal wind excitation direction it is vertical with the direction of transmission pressure.
Further, in the test method of above-mentioned power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property, default operating condition is to wave operating condition, lotus
It carries and calculates step and further comprise: waving operating condition load and determine sub-step, the rank in area and defeated is waved according to locating for transmission pressure
The structural parameters of electric lead determine the throw amplitude value of transmission pressure, and the throw amplitude value and standing wave theory further according to transmission pressure calculate
Horizontal wind excitation and vertical wind load of the power transmission tower cross-arm in the case where waving operating condition.
Further, in the test method of above-mentioned power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property, power transmission tower cross-arm is waving operating condition
Under horizontal wind excitation direction it is parallel with the direction of transmission pressure.
Further, in the test method of above-mentioned power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property, load number determining step is loosened
Further comprise: the load time determines sub-step, the time that the load time is the pretightning force of each bolt when being zero；Frequency meter operator
Step calculates the loading frequency of wind load of the power transmission tower cross-arm under each default operating condition；Load number determines sub-step, according to adding
It carries the time and loading frequency determines load number when each bolt loosens.
Further, in the test method of above-mentioned power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property, load number is determined in sub-step,
The product of load time and loading frequency are determined as to load number.
Further, in the test method of above-mentioned power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property, further includes: it repeats the above steps,
Load number when each bolt is single cap bolt and double-nut bolt is determined respectively；By the load time of each single cap bolt and double-nut bolt
Number is compared, and the single cap bolt and double-nut bolt that loosen at first are determined as to the bolt of anti-loosening property weakness.
The load number that the present invention is got loose by determining crossarm bolt can accurately determine that electric power pylon cross-arm is different
Mechanism, sequencing and the distributing position that position bolt is got loose realize the anti-loosening property investigation to cross-arm structure entirety
Purpose, realize effective assessment of power transmission tower cross-arm anti-loosening property, ensure that the safety of cross-arm entirety, and then make power transmission line
The security performance on road is more preferable.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a kind of experimental rigs of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property, comprising: load
Computing module, for calculating wind load of the power transmission tower under each default operating condition；Wind load applies module, for establishing power transmission tower
Finite element model applies corresponding wind load to power transmission tower cross-arm under each default operating condition；It measures rod piece and chooses module, based on
Stress of each rod piece under wind load in cross-arm is calculated, and chooses stress ratio and is greater than the rod piece of default stress ratio as measurement rod piece；
Pretightning force time-history curves obtain module, for obtaining installation when wind load loosens the bolt for being installed on each measurement rod piece
In the pretightning force time-history curves of the bolt of selected measurement rod piece；Load number determining module is loosened, for according to pretightning force time-histories
Curve determines load number when each bolt loosens；Anti-loosening property evaluation module, the load time when for being loosened according to each bolt
Number determines the distribution situation of each bolt disengaged position, and the bolt loosened at first is determined as to the bolt of anti-loosening property weakness.
The load number that the present invention is got loose by determining crossarm bolt, can accurately determine power transmission tower cross-arm difference portion
Mechanism, sequencing and the distributing position that position bolt is got loose realize the anti-loosening property investigation to cross-arm structure entirety
Purpose, and then effective assessment of power transmission tower cross-arm anti-loosening property is realized, it ensure that the safety of cross-arm entirety, and then make to transmit electricity
The security performance of route is more preferable.
Detailed description of the invention
By reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment, various other advantages and benefits are common for this field
Technical staff will become clear.The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating a preferred embodiment, and is not considered as to the present invention
Limitation.And throughout the drawings, the same reference numbers will be used to refer to the same parts.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is power transmission tower cross-arm in the test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property provided in an embodiment of the present invention
FEM model schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is in the test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and double-nut bolt is pre-
Clamp force sensor scheme of installation；
Fig. 4 is power transmission tower cross-arm in the test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Lower plane bolt pretightening sensor layout schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the structural block diagram of the experimental rig of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are described in more detail below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although showing the disclosure in attached drawing
Exemplary embodiment, it being understood, however, that may be realized in various forms the disclosure without should be by embodiments set forth here
It is limited.On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to facilitate a more thoroughly understanding of the present invention, and can be by the scope of the present disclosure
It is fully disclosed to those skilled in the art.It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, embodiment in the present invention and
Feature in embodiment can be combined with each other.The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Embodiment of the method:
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the process of the test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure.As shown, method includes the following steps:
Load calculates step S1, calculates wind load of the power transmission tower under each default operating condition.
Specifically, it is the anti-loosening property of accurate evaluation power transmission tower crossarm bolt under practical circumstances, needs to calculate power transmission tower
Wind load under the various default operating conditions of actual environment, each operating condition are the operating condition of actual environment.It should be noted that each pre-
If operating condition can determine that the present embodiment does not do any restriction to it according to the actual situation.
Wind load applies step S1, applies corresponding wind load to power transmission tower cross-arm under each default operating condition.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the finite element model for establishing power transmission tower cross-arm, by power transmission tower calculated in above-mentioned steps
Wind load in the case where presetting each operating condition is applied to the hanging point 4 of the transmission pressure of power transmission tower cross-arm.
Rod piece selecting step S2 is measured, calculates stress of each rod piece under wind load in cross-arm, and choose stress ratio peak value
Rod piece greater than default stress ratio is used as measurement rod piece.
Specifically, under the wind load that above-mentioned steps are applied, each rod piece in cross-arm is calculated using limited element analysis technique
Stress ratio, and choose stress ratio peak value and be greater than rod piece of the rod piece of default stress ratio as measurement screw retention performance, rod piece
Stress ratio is bigger, illustrates that the vibration of rod piece is stronger, more needs to assess the anti-loosening property for being connected to the rod piece bolt.Specific implementation
When, default stress ratio can be 0.5.Stress ratio is the ratio of rod piece actual stress and design stress.It should be noted that limited
The stress ratio that meta analysis method calculates each rod piece in cross-arm is known to those skilled in the art, therefore does not repeat.
Pretightning force time-history curves obtaining step S3 is obtained when wind load loosens the bolt for being installed on each measurement rod piece
Take the pretightning force time-history curves for being installed on the bolt of selected measurement rod piece.
Specifically, the installation pretightening force sensor between the connecting plate and bolt of the measurement rod piece of selection, in default operating condition
Under the wind load that calculates in above-mentioned steps is applied to cross-arm, obtain the bolt of measurement rod piece from starting to apply using force snesor is pre-tightened
Wind load is added to loosen the pretightning force time-history curves of this period to bolt.
Loosen load number determining step S4, load number when determining that each bolt loosens according to pretightning force time-history curves.
Specifically, determine each bolt from starting to apply wind load to spiral shell according to the pretightning force time-history curves of each bolt of acquisition
When bolt loosens, load number of the wind load to bolt.
Anti-loosening property appraisal procedure S5, load number when being loosened according to each bolt determine the distribution of each bolt disengaged position
Situation, and the bolt loosened at first is determined as to the bolt of anti-loosening property weakness.
Specifically, the available each bolt of load number when being loosened according to each bolt determined in above-mentioned steps loosens position
The bolt loosened at first is determined as the bolt of anti-loosening property weakness by the distribution situation set, when it is implemented, can be to loose at first
De- bolt increases pretightning force suitably to improve the anti-loosening property of quick-release bolt at first.
As can be seen that in the present embodiment, the load number got loose by determining crossarm bolt can be determined accurately defeated
Mechanism, sequencing and the distributing position that ferroelectric cross-arm different parts bolt is got loose are realized to cross-arm structure entirety
The purpose that anti-loosening property is investigated, and then effective assessment of power transmission tower cross-arm anti-loosening property is realized, it ensure that the peace of cross-arm entirety
Quan Xing, and then keep the security performance of transmission line of electricity more preferable.
In above-described embodiment, load is calculated in step, and default operating condition may include: strong wind operating condition and wave operating condition.It needs
Illustrate, strong wind operating condition and wave operating condition and be well known to the technical staff of field, therefore does not repeat.
In the present embodiment, each operating condition of power transmission tower under actual natural environment is simulated, wind load is applied to cross-arm, makes bolt
Anti-loosening property closer to actual conditions, more accurately have evaluated the anti-loosening property of bolt.
In one embodiment of the invention, presetting operating condition is strong wind operating condition, and load calculates step S1 can be further
Include:
Strong wind operating condition cross-arm horizontal loading determines sub-step S11, and transmission pressure is big at the hanging point of calculating power transmission tower cross-arm
Wind load of the transmission pressure under strong wind operating condition at the hanging point of power transmission tower cross-arm is determined as power transmission tower by the wind load under wind operating condition
Horizontal wind excitation of the cross-arm under strong wind operating condition.
Specifically, the wind load due to the wind load of cross-arm itself much smaller than transmission pressure at hanging point, so in test, only
Consideration acts on the wind load F of the transmission pressure at hanging pointwc.Under strong wind operating condition, led according to the transmission of electricity at power transmission tower cross-arm hanging point
The wind speed of line and the wind load F of the transmission pressure at length computation cross-arm hanging pointwc.By transmission pressure at the hanging point of power transmission tower cross-arm
It is determined as horizontal wind excitation of the power transmission tower cross-arm under strong wind operating condition in the wind load under strong wind operating condition.When it is implemented, strong wind
The direction of horizontal wind excitation under operating condition can be vertical with the direction of transmission pressure, and it is possible to be applied using actuator to cross-arm
Add sinusoidal wind load, the expression formula of different moments t power transmission tower cross-arm horizontal wind excitation are as follows:Wherein, fWCFor the natural frequency of vibration of cross-arm, carrying out model analysis to power transmission tower cross-arm can be obtained
To fWC.It should be noted that at according to the wind speed of the transmission pressure at power transmission tower cross-arm hanging point and length computation cross-arm hanging point
The wind load F of transmission pressurewcMethod be therefore not repeated well known to the technical staff of field.
Strong wind operating condition cross-arm vertical load determines sub-step S12, by the sum of transmission pressure, fitting and insulator three's weight
It is determined as vertical wind load of the power transmission tower cross-arm under strong wind operating condition.
Specifically, the sum of transmission pressure, fitting and the insulator three's weight at cross-arm hanging point are determined as cross-arm big
Vertical wind load G under wind operating conditionc.When it is implemented, vertical wind load is applied in the form of constant load, simulated using counterweight method
It realizes.It should be noted that counterweight method is therefore not repeat well known to the technical staff of field.
In the present embodiment, the wind load under strong wind operating condition in actual environment is simulated, i.e., considers horizontal wind lotus simultaneously
The collective effect with vertical wind load is carried, makes the experimental enviroment of cross-arm closer to actual working environment, it is ensured that screw retention
The accuracy of Performance Evaluation.
In one embodiment of the invention, presetting operating condition is to wave operating condition, and load calculates step S1 can be further
Include:
What the structural parameters of rank and transmission pressure that area is waved according to locating for transmission pressure determined transmission pressure waves width
Value, throw amplitude value further according to transmission pressure and standing wave theory calculate horizontal wind excitation of the power transmission tower cross-arm in the case where waving operating condition and
Vertical wind load.
Specifically, the structural parameters of the strong and weak rank and transmission pressure of waving area according to locating for transmission pressure first determine defeated
Then the throw amplitude value of electric lead calculates transmission pressure in the case where waving operating condition according to the throw amplitude value of transmission pressure and standing wave theory
Horizontal wind excitation FGWith vertical wind load GG, finally, the horizontal wind excitation F by transmission pressure in the case where waving operating conditionGAnd vertically-supplying air
Load GGIt is determined as horizontal wind excitation F of the cross-arm in the case where waving operating conditionGWith vertical wind load GG.When it is implemented, waving under operating condition
The direction of horizontal wind excitation can be parallel with the direction of transmission pressure, and it is possible to be applied using actuator to cross-arm sinusoidal
The wind load of curve, the expression formula of different moments t power transmission tower cross-arm horizontal wind excitation are as follows:Its
In, fGFrequency is waved for the transmission pressure of cross-arm, according to the structural parameters of transmission pressure and order is waved and can determine fG.It hangs down
Straight wind load is applied in the form of constant load, using counterweight method simulated implementation.It should be noted that Galloping of Overhead Transmission Line amplitude
Calculation method is well known to the technical staff of field using the method that standing wave theory calculates horizontal wind excitation and vertical wind load,
Therefore it does not repeat.
In the present embodiment, the wind load waved under operating condition in actual environment is simulated, i.e., considers horizontal wind lotus simultaneously
The collective effect with vertical wind load is carried, makes the experimental enviroment of cross-arm closer to actual working environment, it is ensured that screw retention
The accuracy of Performance Evaluation.
In one embodiment of the invention, loosening load number determining step S4 may further include:
Load time determines sub-step S41, the time that the load time is the pretightning force of each bolt when being zero.
Specifically, the pretightning force time-history curves for observing each bolt obtained in above-mentioned steps, when the pretightning force of each bolt is
The time this moment is recorded when zero, using the time as the load time.
Frequency meter operator step S42 calculates the loading frequency of wind load of the power transmission tower cross-arm under each default operating condition.
Specifically, under strong wind operating condition, by the natural frequency of vibration f of cross-armWCIt is determined as the loading frequency of wind load, to power transmission tower cross
Load, which carries out model analysis, can be obtained fWC.It waves under operating condition, transmission pressure is waved into frequency fGIt is determined as the load of wind load
Frequency according to the structural parameters of transmission pressure and waves order and can determine fG。
Load number determines sub-step S43, load when determining that each bolt loosens according to load time and loading frequency time
Number.
Specifically, the load time of each bolt and the product of loading frequency according to obtained in above-mentioned steps are determined as each spiral shell
Load number when bolt loosens.
Load time in the present embodiment, when being determined that each bolt loosens according to the load time of each bolt and loading frequency
Number, this method are simple, easy.
In order to be compared to different schemes, single cap bolt and double-nut bolt can be distinguished respectively using the above method
Tested, so can determine single cap be bolted with the bolt looseness distribution situation in double-nut bolt, and by each single cap spiral shell
The load number of bolt and double-nut bolt is compared, and it is thin that the single cap bolt and double-nut bolt that loosen at first are determined as anti-loosening property
Weak bolt.
Specifically, bolt all selects single cap bolt, reloading calculates step S1, wind load applies step step S2,
Measurement rod piece selecting step S3, pretightning force time-history curves obtaining step S4, load number determining step S5 is loosened, determined respectively each
The load number of single cap bolt.Then bolt is all selected as double-nut bolt again, repeat again above-mentioned load calculate step S1,
Wind load applies step step S2, measurement rod piece selecting step S3, pretightning force time-history curves obtaining step S4, loosens load number
It determines step S5, determines the load number of each double-nut bolt.Finally by the load number of each single cap bolt and each double-nut bolt into
Row compares, and will loosen single cap bolt at first and double-nut bolt is determined as the bolt of anti-loosening property weakness.For the spiral shell loosened at first
Bolt is single cap bolt, then can be by suitably increasing pretightning force or changing single cap bolt into double-nut bolt to improve single cap bolt
Anti-loosening property.It is double-nut bolt for the bolt loosened at first, then can improves double cap spiral shells by suitably increasing pretightning force
The anti-loosening property of bolt.
In the present embodiment, by comparing the load number of each single cap bolt and each double-nut bolt, single cap is effectively had evaluated
The anti-loosening property of bolt and double-nut bolt can preferably propose the prioritization scheme of screw retention.
The method in the present embodiment will be described in more detail for waving operating condition below:
For waving area's 500kV "Gan"typer angle tower, respectively there are 1 base anchor support, front and back side conducting wire shelves before and after the power transmission tower
Away from respectively 275m and 310m.4 × LGJ of transmission pressure model 630/45, single transmission pressure initial tension are 47.02kN,
Transmission pressure waves frequency fGFor 0.05Hz.The power transmission tower cross-arm uses the bolt of 6.8 grades of M16 and M20, and bolt installs torque
Standard value is respectively 80Nm and 100Nm.
The throw amplitude value for determining the two grades of transmission pressures in anchor support front and back first is respectively 7.17m and 8.08m, is managed based on standing wave
By transmission pressure horizontal loading F is calculatedGWith vertical load GGRespectively 240kN and 30kN.
Then, the finite element model for establishing power transmission tower cross-arm as shown in Figure 2, by the wind of above-mentioned determination waved under operating condition
Load is applied to the hanging point 4 zero of the transmission pressure of power transmission tower cross-arm, and it is each to wave cross-arm under operating condition using limited element analysis technique calculating
The stress ratio of rod piece, presetting stress ratio is 0.5, and stress ratio peak value is more than that 0.5 rod piece is distributed as shown in Fig. 2, respectively cross-arm
Lower plane main material 1, the oblique material 2 of the first cross-arm lower plane and the oblique material 3 of the second cross-arm lower plane, stress ratio peak value are more than 0.5 rod piece
Stress ratio calculated value may refer to table 1:
Table 1
| Rod piece number | Lower plane main material 1 | The oblique material 2 of first lower plane | The oblique material 3 of second lower plane |
| Stress ratio | 0.62 | 0.83 | 0.93 |
It is more than to preset the rod piece of stress ratio as the rod piece of measurement screw retention performance, in each rod piece using stress ratio peak value
Connect installation pretightening force sensor between bolt and connecting plate.The connection bolt of each measurement rod piece can be single cap bolt, can also
Think double-nut bolt, when each bolt is double-nut bolt, referring to Fig. 3, nut 5 and nut 6 are placed in the upper surface of connecting plate 7, nut 9
It is placed in below connecting plate 7, pre-tightens force snesor 8 and be installed between connecting plate 7 and bolt 9.Cross-arm lower plane bolt pretightening
The arrangement of sensor 8 may refer to Fig. 4.
Apply horizontal wind excitation and vertical load respectively in the transmission pressure hanging point position of power transmission tower cross-arm.Adjust actuator
The application for waving horizontal wind excitation under operating condition is realized in the relative position of loading direction and cross-arm structure.Wave power transmission tower under operating condition
The characteristic curve of the horizontal wind excitation of cross-arm vibration test is sine curve.According to horizontal wind excitation FGAvailable different moments
The expression formula of horizontal wind excitation is F in t power transmission tower cross-arm vibration testG(t)=120+120sin (2 π × 0.05t).Power transmission tower
The vertical wind load G of hanging pointGFor 30kN, and vertical wind load is applied in the form of constant load, using counterweight method simulated implementation.
When each bolt is respectively single cap bolt and double-nut bolt, wave the power transmission tower crossarm bolt vibration under operating condition
Test utilizes the pretightning force time-history curves F (t) for pre-tightening the measurement bolt of force snesor 8.
Load times N that bolt loosens, single cap bolt and double caps are finally determined according to pretightning force time-history curves F (t)
The load times N of bolt may refer to table 2:
Table 2
| Bolt pattern | Bolt A | Bolt B | Bolt C | Bolt D |
| Single nut | 45 | 60 | 90 | 105 |
| Double nut | 180 | 150 | 210 | > 300 |
Bolt A and bolt B are got loose at first under the action of wind load under waving operating condition as can be seen from Table 2, into
When row power transmission tower crossarm bolt is locking, for single cap bolt can by suitably increase this bolt at two pretightning force or will be single
Cap bolt is replaced with double-nut bolt to improve the anti-loosening property of crossarm bolt, for double-nut bolt can by suitably increase this two
Locate the pretightning force of bolt to improve the anti-loosening property of crossarm bolt.
In the present embodiment, the load number got loose by determining crossarm bolt can accurately determine power transmission tower cross-arm
Mechanism, sequencing and the distributing position that different parts bolt is got loose realize the anti-loosening property to cross-arm structure entirety
The purpose of investigation, and then effective assessment of power transmission tower cross-arm anti-loosening property is realized, it ensure that the safety of cross-arm entirety, in turn
Keep the security performance of transmission line of electricity more preferable.
Installation practice:
Referring to Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is the structure of the experimental rig of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Block diagram.As shown, the device includes: load computing module 100, wind load applies module 200, measurement rod piece chooses module
300, pretightning force time-history curves obtain module 400, loosen load number determining module 500 and anti-loosening property evaluation module 600.Its
In,
Load computing module 100 is for calculating wind load of the power transmission tower under each default operating condition.Wind load applies module 200
For establishing the finite element model of power transmission tower, corresponding wind load is applied to power transmission tower cross-arm under each default operating condition.Measuring rod
Part chooses module 300 for calculating stress of each rod piece under wind load in cross-arm, and chooses stress ratio and be greater than default stress ratio
Rod piece as measurement rod piece.Pretightning force time-history curves obtain module 400 and are used to make to be installed on each measurement rod piece when wind load
When bolt loosens, the pretightning force time-history curves for being installed on the bolt of selected measurement rod piece are obtained.It loosens load number and determines mould
Block 500 is used for load number when determining that each bolt loosens according to pretightning force time-history curves.Anti-loosening property evaluation module 600 is used for
Load number when being loosened according to each bolt determines the distribution situation of each bolt disengaged position, and the bolt loosened at first is determined
For the bolt of anti-loosening property weakness.Wherein, the specific implementation process of the device is referring to the explanation in above method embodiment,
Details are not described herein for the present embodiment.
In the present embodiment, the load number got loose by determining crossarm bolt can accurately determine transmission of electricity iron cross arm
Mechanism, sequencing and the distributing position that different parts bolt is got loose realize the anti-loosening property to cross-arm structure entirety
The purpose of investigation, and then effective assessment of power transmission tower cross-arm anti-loosening property is realized, it ensure that the safety of cross-arm entirety, in turn
Keep the security performance of transmission line of electricity more preferable.
Obviously, various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from essence of the invention by those skilled in the art
Mind and range.In this way, if these modifications and changes of the present invention belongs to the range of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies
Within, then the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property, is characterized in that, includes the following steps:
Calculate wind load of the power transmission tower under each default operating condition；
Corresponding wind load is applied to the power transmission tower cross-arm under each default operating condition；
Stress of each rod piece under the wind load in cross-arm is calculated, and chooses the rod piece that stress ratio is greater than default stress ratio
As measurement rod piece；
When the wind load loosens the bolt for being installed on each measurement rod piece, obtains and be installed on selected measurement rod piece
The pretightning force time-history curves of bolt, load number when determining that each bolt loosens according to the pretightning force time-history curves；
Load number when being loosened according to each bolt determines the distribution situation of each bolt disengaged position, and will be loose at first
The de- bolt is determined as the bolt of anti-loosening property weakness.
2. the test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the calculating
Power transmission tower is in the wind load under each default operating condition: the default operating condition includes: strong wind operating condition and waves operating condition.
3. the test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described default
Operating condition is strong wind operating condition, and the wind load for calculating power transmission tower under each default operating condition further comprises:
Wind load of the transmission pressure under the strong wind operating condition at the hanging point of the power transmission tower cross-arm is calculated, the power transmission tower is horizontal
Wind load of the transmission pressure under the strong wind operating condition is determined as the power transmission tower cross-arm in the strong wind operating condition at the hanging point of load
Under horizontal wind excitation；
The sum of the transmission pressure, fitting and insulator three's weight are determined as the power transmission tower cross-arm in the strong wind operating condition
Under vertical wind load.
4. the test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property according to claim 3, which is characterized in that
Horizontal wind excitation direction of the power transmission tower cross-arm under the strong wind operating condition is vertical with the direction of the transmission pressure.
5. the test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described default
Operating condition is to wave operating condition, and the wind load for calculating power transmission tower under each default operating condition further comprises:
The rank in area and the structure ginseng of the transmission pressure are waved according to locating for transmission pressure at the hanging point of the power transmission tower cross-arm
Number determines the throw amplitude value of the transmission pressure, and the throw amplitude value and standing wave theory further according to the transmission pressure calculate described defeated
Pylon cross-arm is in the horizontal wind excitation waved under operating condition and vertical wind load.
6. the test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property according to claim 5, which is characterized in that
The power transmission tower cross-arm is parallel with the direction of the transmission pressure in the horizontal wind excitation direction waved under operating condition.
7. the test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the basis
The pretightning force time-history curves determine that load number when each bolt loosens further comprises:
The time that load time is the pretightning force of each bolt when being zero；
Calculate the loading frequency of the wind load of the power transmission tower cross-arm under each default operating condition；
Load number when determining that each bolt loosens according to the load time and the loading frequency.
8. the test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the basis
The load time and the loading frequency determine in load number when each bolt loosens,
The product of the load time and the loading frequency are determined as the load number.
9. the test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include:
It repeats the above steps, determines load number when each bolt is single cap bolt and double-nut bolt respectively；
The load number of each single cap bolt and the double-nut bolt is compared, the single cap bolt that will be loosened at first
It is determined as the bolt of anti-loosening property weakness with the double-nut bolt.
10. a kind of experimental rig of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property, is characterized in that, comprising:
Load computing module, for calculating wind load of the power transmission tower under each default operating condition；
Wind load applies module, for establishing the finite element model of the power transmission tower, to described defeated under each default operating condition
Pylon cross-arm applies corresponding wind load；
It measures rod piece and chooses module, for calculating stress of each rod piece under the wind load in cross-arm, and it is big to choose stress ratio
Measurement rod piece is used as in the rod piece of default stress ratio；
Pretightning force time-history curves obtain module, for loosening the bolt for being installed on each measurement rod piece when the wind load
When, obtain the pretightning force time-history curves for being installed on the bolt of selected measurement rod piece；
Loosen load number determining module, load when for determining that each bolt loosens according to the pretightning force time-history curves
Number；
Anti-loosening property evaluation module, load number when for being loosened according to each bolt determine each bolt disengaged position
Distribution situation, and the bolt loosened at first is determined as to the bolt of anti-loosening property weakness.
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| CN109000873B (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2020-02-04 | 西南交通大学 | Bolt loosening life prediction method |
| CN109918854B (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2022-08-19 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Composite insulation cross arm durability evaluation method and device |
| CN111122140B (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2021-07-16 | 国网湖北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Device and method for diagnosing looseness of bolt of connecting node of pole material of power transmission tower |
| CN113358313A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-07 | 国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Method for testing looseness of bolts of power transmission iron tower |
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