CN106568562A - Test method and device of power transmission tower cross-arm bolt anti-loosening property - Google Patents
Test method and device of power transmission tower cross-arm bolt anti-loosening property Download PDFInfo
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- CN106568562A CN106568562A CN201610913012.2A CN201610913012A CN106568562A CN 106568562 A CN106568562 A CN 106568562A CN 201610913012 A CN201610913012 A CN 201610913012A CN 106568562 A CN106568562 A CN 106568562A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
Abstract
The present invention provides a test method and device of power transmission tower cross-arm bolt anti-loosening property, wherein the method comprises the steps of calculating the wind load of a power transmission tower under preset working conditions; establishing a finite element model of a power transmission tower cross-arm, and applying the corresponding wind load on the power transmission tower cross-arm under the preset working conditions; calculating the stresses of the rod members in the cross-arm under the wind load, and selecting the rod members of which the stress ratios are greater than a preset stress ratio as the measuring rod members; when all bolts installed on the measuring rods loosen because of the wind load, obtaining a pretightening force time-history curve of the bolts of the measuring rod members; determining the loading number of times when the bolts loosen according to the pretightening force time-history curve; according to the loading number of times when the bolts loosen, determining the distribution situation at the loosening positions of the bolts, and determining the bolt loosening earliest as the bolt having the weakest anti-loosening property. The method provided by the present invention achieves the purpose of inspecting the anti-loosening property of a whole cross-arm structure, and further enables the safety of a power transmission line to be better.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to screw retention technical field, in particular to a kind of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property
Test method and device.
Background technology
Bolt is the critical component of the connection of power transmission tower rod member and power transmission, and its tightening state not only affects the overall reliability of tower
Property, or even the safe operation for threatening whole piece circuit.Cross-arm is suspension and support zone of the wire in power transmission tower, high wind, is waved
Under dynamic load function, cross-arm bears lasting alternate load, and bolt is easier to loosen.The end of the year 2009 are to China at the beginning of 2010
There is conductor galloping disaster on a large scale, wherein Henan Province waves the shaft tower for causing and damages more serious, the main original that shaft tower is damaged
Because being to wave to cause crossarm bolt to loosen, and then cross-arm or whole tower is caused to destroy.
In existing power transmission tower screw retention performance test, subjects are single bolt sample, amplitude and frequency foundation
GB/T 10431—2008《Securing member oscillation crosswise test method》Value, the standard is primarily adapted for use in machinery industry securing member,
The oscillatory load for being applied is only horizontal loading, and the bolt for thereby determining that releases rule and anti-loosening property, it is impossible to accurately reflected defeated
Electric tower cross-arm time of day of exposure level load and vertical load simultaneously in high wind, under the conditions of waving etc..Further, since big
Wind is waved under load action, and the stress of plane, side and lower plane rod member is different on cross-arm, thus bolt gets loose
Mechanism, sequencing and distributing position there is also larger difference, traditional single screw retention performance test can not meet to be examined
The requirement of cross-arm entirety anti-loosening property is examined, and then the overall security of cross-arm cannot be ensured, so as to threaten the safety of transmission line of electricity
Performance.
The content of the invention
In consideration of it, the present invention proposes a kind of test method and device of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property, it is intended to solve
Certainly existing screw retention method for testing performance can only investigate the anti-loosening property of single bolt and then cause transmission line safety
The problem of energy difference.
On one side, the present invention proposes a kind of test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property, including following step
Suddenly：Load calculation procedure, calculates wind load of the power transmission tower under each default operating mode；Wind load applies step, in each default operating mode
Under corresponding wind load is applied to power transmission tower cross-arm；Measurement rod member selecting step, each rod member is under wind load in calculating cross-arm
Stress, and rod member of the stress ratio more than default stress ratio is chosen as measurement rod member；Pretightning force time-history curves obtaining step, works as wind
When load makes the bolt for being installed on each measurement rod member release, acquisition is installed on the pretightning force time-histories of the bolt of selected measurement rod member
Curve；Loading number determining step is released, loading number of times when determining that each bolt is released according to pretightning force time-history curves；Locking property
Energy appraisal procedure, loading number of times when being released according to each bolt determines the distribution situation of each bolt disengaged position, and will be loose at first
De- bolt is defined as the weak bolt of anti-loosening property.
Further, in the test method of above-mentioned power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property, in load calculation procedure：Default work
Condition includes：Strong wind operating mode and wave operating mode.
Further, in the test method of above-mentioned power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property, operating mode is preset for strong wind operating mode, lotus
Carry calculation procedure to further include：Strong wind operating mode cross-arm horizontal wind excitation determines sub-step, calculates at the hanging point of power transmission tower cross-arm
Wind load of the transmission pressure under strong wind operating mode, by wind load of the transmission pressure under strong wind operating mode at the hanging point of power transmission tower cross-arm
It is defined as horizontal wind excitation of the power transmission tower cross-arm under strong wind operating mode；The vertical wind load of strong wind operating mode cross-arm determines sub-step, will
Transmission pressure, gold utensil and insulator three's sum are defined as vertical wind load of the power transmission tower cross-arm under strong wind operating mode.
Further, in the test method of above-mentioned power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property, power transmission tower cross-arm is in strong wind operating mode
Under horizontal wind excitation direction it is vertical with the direction of transmission pressure.
Further, in the test method of above-mentioned power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property, default operating mode is to wave operating mode, lotus
Carry calculation procedure to further include：Wave operating mode load and determine sub-step, the rank in area and defeated is waved according to residing for transmission pressure
The structural parameters of electric lead determine the throw amplitude value of transmission pressure, and the throw amplitude value and standing wave theory further according to transmission pressure is calculated
Horizontal wind excitation and vertical wind load of the power transmission tower cross-arm in the case where operating mode is waved.
Further, in the test method of above-mentioned power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property, power transmission tower cross-arm is waving operating mode
Under horizontal wind excitation direction it is parallel with the direction of transmission pressure.
Further, in the test method of above-mentioned power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property, loading number determining step is released
Further include：Load time determines sub-step, and the load time is time of the pretightning force of each bolt when being zero；Frequency meter operator
Step, calculates the loading frequency of wind load of the power transmission tower cross-arm under each default operating mode；Loading number of times determine sub-step, according to plus
Loading number of times when load time and loading frequency determine that each bolt is released.
Further, in the test method of above-mentioned power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property, loading number of times is determined in sub-step,
The product of load time and loading frequency is defined as to load number of times.
Further, in the test method of above-mentioned power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property, also include：Repeat the above steps,
Loading number of times when determining that each bolt is single cap bolt and double-nut bolt respectively；By the loading of each single cap bolt and double-nut bolt time
Number is compared, and the single cap bolt for releasing at first and double-nut bolt are defined as into the weak bolt of anti-loosening property.
The present invention can accurately determine that electric power pylon cross-arm is different by determining the loading number of times that crossarm bolt gets loose
Mechanism, sequencing and distributing position that position bolt gets loose, realize and the overall anti-loosening property of cross-arm structure are investigated
Purpose, realize effective assessment of power transmission tower cross-arm anti-loosening property, it is ensured that the overall security of cross-arm, and then make power transmission line
The security performance on road is more preferable.
On the other hand, the invention allows for a kind of experimental rig of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property, including：Load
Computing module, for calculating wind load of the power transmission tower under each default operating mode；Wind load applies module, for setting up power transmission tower
FEM model, corresponding wind load is applied under each default operating mode to power transmission tower cross-arm；Measurement rod member chooses module, based on
Stress of each rod member under wind load in cross-arm is calculated, and chooses rod member of the stress ratio more than default stress ratio as measurement rod member；
Pretightning force time-history curves acquisition module, for when wind load makes the bolt for being installed on each measurement rod member release, obtaining and installing
In the pretightning force time-history curves of the bolt of selected measurement rod member；Loading number of times determining module is released, for according to pretightning force time-histories
Loading number of times when curve determines that each bolt is released；Anti-loosening property evaluation module, loading during for being released according to each bolt time
Number determines the distribution situation of each bolt disengaged position, and the bolt for releasing at first is defined as into the weak bolt of anti-loosening property.
The present invention can accurately determine power transmission tower cross-arm difference portion by determining the loading number of times that crossarm bolt gets loose
Mechanism, sequencing and distributing position that position bolt gets loose, realize what the overall anti-loosening property of cross-arm structure was investigated
Purpose, and then realize effective assessment of power transmission tower cross-arm anti-loosening property, it is ensured that the overall security of cross-arm, and then make transmission of electricity
The security performance of circuit is more preferable.
Description of the drawings
By the detailed description for reading hereafter preferred embodiment, various other advantages and benefit is common for this area
Technical staff will be clear from understanding.Accompanying drawing is only used for illustrating the purpose of preferred embodiment, and is not considered as to the present invention
Restriction.And in whole accompanying drawing, it is denoted by the same reference numerals identical part.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is power transmission tower cross-arm in the test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property provided in an embodiment of the present invention
FEM model schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is that double-nut bolt is pre- in the test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Clamp force sensor scheme of installation；
Fig. 4 is power transmission tower cross-arm in the test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Lower plane bolt pretightening sensor arrangement schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the structured flowchart of the experimental rig of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The exemplary embodiment of the disclosure is more fully described below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although showing the disclosure in accompanying drawing
Exemplary embodiment, it being understood, however, that may be realized in various forms the disclosure and should not be by embodiments set forth here
Limited.On the contrary, there is provided these embodiments are able to be best understood from the disclosure, and can be by the scope of the present disclosure
Complete conveys to those skilled in the art.It should be noted that in the case where not conflicting, embodiment in the present invention and
Feature in embodiment can be mutually combined.Below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments describing the present invention in detail.
Embodiment of the method：
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the flow process of the test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure.As illustrated, the method is comprised the following steps：
Load calculation procedure S1, calculates wind load of the power transmission tower under each default operating mode.
Specifically, it is accurate evaluation power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property under practical circumstances, needs to calculate power transmission tower
Wind load under the various default operating mode of actual environment, each operating mode is the operating mode of actual environment.It should be noted that each pre-
If operating mode can determine that the present embodiment does not do any restriction to it according to actual conditions.
Wind load applies step S1, and corresponding wind load is applied to power transmission tower cross-arm under each default operating mode.
Specifically, referring to Fig. 2, the FEM model of power transmission tower cross-arm is set up, by the power transmission tower calculated in above-mentioned steps
Wind load in the case where each operating mode is preset puts on the hanging point 4 of the transmission pressure of power transmission tower cross-arm.
Measurement rod member selecting step S2, calculates stress of each rod member under wind load in cross-arm, and chooses stress ratio peak value
More than default stress ratio rod member as measurement rod member.
Specifically, under the wind load that above-mentioned steps are applied, each rod member in cross-arm is calculated using limited element analysis technique
Stress ratio, and rod member of the stress ratio peak value more than default stress ratio is chosen as the rod member for measuring screw retention performance, rod member
Stress ratio is bigger, illustrates that the vibration of rod member is stronger, more needs to assess the anti-loosening property for being connected to the rod member bolt.It is embodied as
When, default stress ratio can be 0.5.Stress ratio is the ratio of rod member actual stress and design stress.It should be noted that limited
The stress ratio that meta analysis method calculates each rod member in cross-arm is known to those skilled in the art, therefore does not repeat.
Pretightning force time-history curves obtaining step S3, when wind load makes the bolt for being installed on each measurement rod member release, obtains
Take the pretightning force time-history curves of the bolt for being installed on selected measurement rod member.
Specifically, the installation pretightening force sensor between the connecting plate and bolt of the measurement rod member chosen, in default operating mode
Under apply the wind load that calculates in above-mentioned steps to cross-arm, obtain the bolt of measurement rod member from starting to apply using pretension force snesor
Plus wind load releases the pretightning force time-history curves of this period to bolt.
Release loading number determining step S4, loading number of times when determining that each bolt is released according to pretightning force time-history curves.
Specifically, according to obtain each bolt pretightning force time-history curves determine each bolt from start apply wind load to spiral shell
When bolt is released, loading number of times of the wind load to bolt.
Anti-loosening property appraisal procedure S5, loading number of times when being released according to each bolt determines the distribution of each bolt disengaged position
Situation, and the bolt for releasing at first is defined as into the weak bolt of anti-loosening property.
Specifically, loading number of times when being released according to each bolt determined in above-mentioned steps can obtain each bolt and release position
The distribution situation put, by the bolt for releasing at first the weak bolt of anti-loosening property is defined as, when being embodied as, can be to pine at first
De- bolt suitably increases pretightning force to improve the anti-loosening property of quick-release bolt at first.
As can be seen that in the present embodiment, by determining the loading number of times that crossarm bolt gets loose, can accurately determine defeated
Mechanism, sequencing and distributing position that ferroelectric cross-arm different parts bolt gets loose, realize to cross-arm structure entirety
The purpose that anti-loosening property is investigated, and then realize effective assessment of power transmission tower cross-arm anti-loosening property, it is ensured that the overall peace of cross-arm
Quan Xing, and then make the security performance of transmission line of electricity more preferable.
In above-described embodiment, in load calculation procedure, default operating mode can include：Strong wind operating mode and wave operating mode.Need
Illustrate, strong wind operating mode and wave operating mode and be well known to art personnel, therefore do not repeat.
In the present embodiment, each operating mode of power transmission tower under actual natural environment is simulated, wind load is applied to cross-arm, make bolt
Anti-loosening property closer to actual conditions, more accurately have evaluated the anti-loosening property of bolt.
In one embodiment of the invention, it is strong wind operating mode to preset operating mode, and load calculation procedure S1 can be further
Including：
Strong wind operating mode cross-arm horizontal loading determines sub-step S11, and transmission pressure is big at the hanging point of calculating power transmission tower cross-arm
Wind load under wind operating mode, by wind load of the transmission pressure under strong wind operating mode at the hanging point of power transmission tower cross-arm power transmission tower is defined as
Horizontal wind excitation of the cross-arm under strong wind operating mode.
Specifically, because the wind load of cross-arm itself is much smaller than the wind load of transmission pressure at hanging point, so in test, only
Consideration acts on the wind load F of the transmission pressure at hanging pointwc.Under strong wind operating mode, led according to the transmission of electricity at power transmission tower cross-arm hanging point
The wind load F of the transmission pressure at the wind speed and length computation cross-arm hanging point of linewc.By transmission pressure at the hanging point of power transmission tower cross-arm
Wind load under strong wind operating mode is defined as horizontal wind excitation of the power transmission tower cross-arm under strong wind operating mode.When being embodied as, strong wind
The direction of the horizontal wind excitation under operating mode can be vertical with the direction of transmission pressure, and it is possible to be applied to cross-arm using actuator
Sinusoidal wind load, in the same time the expression formula of t power transmission towers cross-arm horizontal wind excitation is not：
Wherein, fWCFor the natural frequency of vibration of cross-arm, model analysis is carried out to power transmission tower cross-arm f is obtainedWC.It should be noted that according to
The wind load F of the transmission pressure at the wind speed and length computation cross-arm hanging point of the transmission pressure at power transmission tower cross-arm hanging pointwcSide
Method is not repeated well known to art personnel.
Strong wind operating mode cross-arm vertical load determines sub-step S12, by transmission pressure, gold utensil and insulator three's weight sum
It is defined as vertical wind load of the power transmission tower cross-arm under strong wind operating mode.
Specifically, the transmission pressure at cross-arm hanging point, gold utensil and insulator three's weight sum are defined as into cross-arm big
Vertical wind load G under wind operating modec.When being embodied as, vertical wind load is simulated with the applying of constant load form using counterweight method
Realize.It should be noted that counterweight method is well known to art personnel, therefore do not repeat.
In the present embodiment, the wind load under strong wind operating mode in actual environment is simulated, i.e., considers horizontal wind lotus simultaneously
The collective effect with vertical wind load is carried, the experimental enviroment of cross-arm is made closer to actual working environment, it is ensured that screw retention
The accuracy of Performance Evaluation.
In one embodiment of the invention, operating mode is preset to wave operating mode, load calculation procedure S1 can be further
Including：
What the structural parameters of rank and transmission pressure that area is waved according to residing for transmission pressure determined transmission pressure waves width
Value, throw amplitude value further according to transmission pressure and standing wave theory calculate horizontal wind excitation of the power transmission tower cross-arm in the case where operating mode is waved and
Vertical wind load.
Specifically, the structural parameters of the strong and weak rank and transmission pressure of waving area according to residing for transmission pressure first determine defeated
The throw amplitude value of electric lead, then calculates transmission pressure in the case where operating mode is waved according to the throw amplitude value of transmission pressure and standing wave theory
Horizontal wind excitation FGWith vertical wind load GG, finally, the horizontal wind excitation F by transmission pressure in the case where operating mode is wavedGAnd vertically-supplying air
Load GGIt is defined as horizontal wind excitation F of the cross-arm in the case where operating mode is wavedGWith vertical wind load GG.When being embodied as, under waving operating mode
The direction of horizontal wind excitation can be parallel with the direction of transmission pressure, and it is possible to apply sinusoidal to cross-arm using actuator
The wind load of curve, in the same time the expression formula of t power transmission towers cross-arm horizontal wind excitation is not：Its
In, fGTransmission pressure for cross-arm waves frequency, according to the structural parameters of transmission pressure and waves order and can determine that fG.Hang down
Straight wind load applies in constant load form, using counterweight method simulated implementation.It should be noted that Galloping of Overhead Transmission Line amplitude
Computational methods, it is well known to art personnel using the method for standing wave theory calculated level wind load and vertical wind load,
Therefore do not repeat.
In the present embodiment, to waving operating mode in actual environment under wind load be simulated, i.e., consider horizontal wind lotus simultaneously
The collective effect with vertical wind load is carried, the experimental enviroment of cross-arm is made closer to actual working environment, it is ensured that screw retention
The accuracy of Performance Evaluation.
In one embodiment of the invention, release loading number determining step S4 may further include：
Load time determines sub-step S41, and the load time is time of the pretightning force of each bolt when being zero.
Specifically, the pretightning force time-history curves of each bolt obtained in above-mentioned steps are observed, when the pretightning force of each bolt is
The time this moment is recorded when zero, using the time as the load time.
Frequency meter operator step S42, calculates the loading frequency of wind load of the power transmission tower cross-arm under each default operating mode.
Specifically, under strong wind operating mode, by natural frequency of vibration f of cross-armWCIt is defined as the loading frequency of wind load, it is horizontal to power transmission tower
Load carries out model analysis and f is obtainedWC.Under waving operating mode, transmission pressure is waved into frequency fGIt is defined as the loading of wind load
Frequency, according to the structural parameters of transmission pressure and waves order and can determine that fG。
Loading number of times determines sub-step S43, loading when determining that each bolt is released according to load time and loading frequency time
Number.
Specifically, each spiral shell is defined as according to the load time of each bolt and the product of loading frequency obtained in above-mentioned steps
Loading number of times when bolt is released.
In the present embodiment, the loading time when each bolt is released is determined according to load time of each bolt and loading frequency
Number, the method is simple, easy.
In order to be compared to different schemes, using said method single cap bolt and double-nut bolt can be distinguished respectively
Tested, and then can determine single cap bolt connection and the bolt looseness distribution situation in double-nut bolt, and by each single cap spiral shell
The loading number of times of bolt and double-nut bolt is compared, and the single cap bolt for releasing at first and double-nut bolt is defined as into anti-loosening property thin
Weak bolt.
Specifically, bolt all selects single cap bolt, reloading calculation procedure S1, wind load apply step step S2,
Measure rod member selecting step S3, pretightning force time-history curves obtaining step S4, release loading number determining step S5, determine respectively each
The loading number of times of single cap bolt.Then it is double-nut bolt again all to select bolt, repeat again above-mentioned load calculation procedure S1,
Wind load applies step step S2, measurement rod member selecting step S3, pretightning force time-history curves obtaining step S4, releases loading number of times
Determine step S5, determine the loading number of times of each double-nut bolt.Finally the loading number of times of each single cap bolt and each double-nut bolt is entered
Row compares, and will at first release single cap bolt and double-nut bolt is defined as the weak bolt of anti-loosening property.For the spiral shell for releasing at first
Bolt is single cap bolt, then by appropriate increase pretightning force or can change single cap bolt into double-nut bolt to improve single cap bolt
Anti-loosening property.For the bolt for releasing at first is double-nut bolt, then can increase pretightning force to improve double cap spiral shells by appropriate
The anti-loosening property of bolt.
In the present embodiment, by the loading number of times of relatively each single cap bolt and each double-nut bolt, single cap is effectively have evaluated
The anti-loosening property of bolt and double-nut bolt, can preferably propose the prioritization scheme of screw retention.
As a example by below will be to wave operating mode, the method in the present embodiment be described in more detail：
As a example by wave area's 500kV "Gan"typer angle towers, respectively there is 1 base anchor support before and after the power transmission tower, in front and back side wire shelves
Away from respectively 275m and 310m.4 × LGJ of transmission pressure model 630/45, single transmission pressure initial tension is 47.02kN,
Transmission pressure waves frequency fGFor 0.05Hz.The power transmission tower cross-arm adopts the bolt of 6.8 grades of M16 and M20, bolt to install moment of torsion
Standard value is respectively 80Nm and 100Nm.
Determine that the throw amplitude value of two grades of transmission pressures before and after anchor support is respectively 7.17m and 8.08m, is managed based on standing wave first
By being calculated transmission pressure horizontal loading FGWith vertical load GGRespectively 240kN and 30kN.
Then, the FEM model of power transmission tower cross-arm as shown in Figure 2 is set up, by the wind waved under operating mode of above-mentioned determination
Load is applied to the hanging point 4 zero of the transmission pressure of power transmission tower cross-arm, waves cross-arm under operating mode using limited element analysis technique calculating each
The stress ratio of rod member, it is 0.5 to preset stress ratio, and rod member distribution of the stress ratio peak value more than 0.5 is as shown in Fig. 2 respectively cross-arm
The oblique material 3 of the oblique cross-arm lower plane of material 2 and second of lower plane main material 1, the first cross-arm lower plane, rod member of the stress ratio peak value more than 0.5
Stress ratio calculated value may refer to table 1：
Table 1
| Rod member is numbered | Lower plane main material 1 | The oblique material 2 of first lower plane | The oblique material 3 of second lower plane |
| Stress ratio | 0.62 | 0.83 | 0.93 |
Stress ratio peak value is exceeded the rod member of the rod member of default stress ratio as measurement screw retention performance, in each rod member
Installation pretightening force sensor between connecting bolt and connecting plate.The connecting bolt of each measurement rod member can be single cap bolt, also may be used
Think double-nut bolt, when each bolt is double-nut bolt, referring to Fig. 3, nut 5 and nut 6 are placed in above connecting plate 7, nut 9
It is placed in below connecting plate 7, pretension force snesor 8 is installed between connecting plate 7 and bolt 9.Cross-arm lower plane bolt pretightening
The arrangement of sensor 8 may refer to Fig. 4.
Apply horizontal wind excitation and vertical load respectively in the transmission pressure hanging point position of power transmission tower cross-arm.Adjustment actuator
Loading direction and the relative position of cross-arm structure, realize waving the applying of horizontal wind excitation under operating mode.Wave power transmission tower under operating mode
The characteristic curve of the horizontal wind excitation of cross-arm vibration test is sine curve.According to horizontal wind excitation FGCan obtain not in the same time
The expression formula of horizontal wind excitation is F in t power transmission tower cross-arm vibration testsG(t)=120+120sin (2 π × 0.05t).Power transmission tower
The vertical wind load G of hanging pointGApply in constant load form for 30kN, and vertical wind load, using counterweight method simulated implementation.
When each bolt is respectively single cap bolt and double-nut bolt, carry out waving the power transmission tower crossarm bolt vibration under operating mode
Test, using pretension force snesor 8 pretightning force time-history curves F (t) of bolt is measured.
Determine that bolt occurs the loading times N for loosening, single cap bolt and double caps finally according to pretightning force time-history curves F (t)
The loading times N of bolt may refer to table 2：
Table 2
| Bolt pattern | Bolt A | Bolt B | Bolt C | Bolt D |
| Single nut | 45 | 60 | 90 | 105 |
| Double nut | 180 | 150 | 210 | ＞ 300 |
As can be seen from Table 2 bolt A and bolt B get loose at first in the case where operating mode is waved in the presence of wind load, are entering
When row power transmission tower crossarm bolt is locking, for single cap bolt can pass through suitably to increase the pretightning force of this bolt at two or will be single
Cap bolt is replaced with double-nut bolt to improve the anti-loosening property of crossarm bolt, for double-nut bolt can by suitably increase this two
The pretightning force of place's bolt is improving the anti-loosening property of crossarm bolt.
In the present embodiment, by determining the loading number of times that crossarm bolt gets loose, power transmission tower cross-arm can be accurately determined
Mechanism, sequencing and distributing position that different parts bolt gets loose, realize to the overall anti-loosening property of cross-arm structure
The purpose of investigation, and then realize effective assessment of power transmission tower cross-arm anti-loosening property, it is ensured that the overall security of cross-arm, and then
Make the security performance of transmission line of electricity more preferable.
Device embodiment：
Referring to Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is the structure of the experimental rig of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Block diagram.As illustrated, the device includes：Load computing module 100, wind load applies module 200, measurement rod member and chooses module
300th, pretightning force time-history curves acquisition module 400, release loading number of times determining module 500 and anti-loosening property evaluation module 600.Its
In,
Load computing module 100 is used to calculate wind load of the power transmission tower under each default operating mode.Wind load applies module 200
For setting up the FEM model of power transmission tower, corresponding wind load is applied to power transmission tower cross-arm under each default operating mode.Measurement bar
Part chooses module 300 to be used to calculate stress of each rod member under wind load in cross-arm, and chooses stress ratio more than default stress ratio
Rod member as measurement rod member.Pretightning force time-history curves acquisition module 400 is used for when wind load makes to be installed on each measurement rod member
When bolt is released, acquisition is installed on the pretightning force time-history curves of the bolt of selected measurement rod member.Release loading number of times and determine mould
Block 500 is used for loading number of times when determining that each bolt is released according to pretightning force time-history curves.Anti-loosening property evaluation module 600 is used for
Loading number of times when being released according to each bolt determines the distribution situation of each bolt disengaged position, and the bolt for releasing at first is determined
For the bolt that anti-loosening property is weak.Wherein, the specific implementation process of the device is referring to the explanation in said method embodiment,
The present embodiment will not be described here.
In the present embodiment, by determining the loading number of times that crossarm bolt gets loose, transmission of electricity iron cross arm can be accurately determined
Mechanism, sequencing and distributing position that different parts bolt gets loose, realize to the overall anti-loosening property of cross-arm structure
The purpose of investigation, and then realize effective assessment of power transmission tower cross-arm anti-loosening property, it is ensured that the overall security of cross-arm, and then
Make the security performance of transmission line of electricity more preferable.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out the essence of various changes and modification without deviating from the present invention to the present invention
God and scope.So, if these modifications of the present invention and modification belong to the scope of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies
Within, then the present invention is also intended to comprising these changes and modification.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property, is characterised by, comprises the steps：
Calculate wind load of the power transmission tower under each default operating mode；
Corresponding wind load is applied to the power transmission tower cross-arm under each default operating mode；
Stress of each rod member under the wind load in cross-arm is calculated, and chooses the rod member of the stress ratio more than default stress ratio
As measurement rod member；
When the wind load makes the bolt for being installed on each measurement rod member release, acquisition is installed on selected measurement rod member
The pretightning force time-history curves of bolt；
Loading number of times when being released according to each bolt determines the distribution situation of each bolt disengaged position, and will be loose at first
The de- bolt is defined as the weak bolt of anti-loosening property.
2. the test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the calculating
In wind load of the power transmission tower under each default operating mode：The default operating mode includes：Strong wind operating mode and wave operating mode.
3. the test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described default
Operating mode is strong wind operating mode, and wind load of the calculating power transmission tower under each default operating mode is further included：
Wind load of the transmission pressure under the strong wind operating mode at the hanging point of the power transmission tower cross-arm is calculated, the power transmission tower is horizontal
Wind load of the transmission pressure under the strong wind operating mode is defined as the power transmission tower cross-arm in the strong wind operating mode at the hanging point of load
Under horizontal wind excitation；
The transmission pressure, gold utensil and insulator three's weight sum are defined as into the power transmission tower cross-arm in the strong wind operating mode
Under vertical wind load.
4. the test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property according to claim 3, it is characterised in that
Horizontal wind excitation direction of the power transmission tower cross-arm under the strong wind operating mode is vertical with the direction of the transmission pressure.
5. the test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described default
To wave operating mode, wind load of the calculating power transmission tower under each default operating mode is further included operating mode：
The structural parameters of rank and the transmission pressure that area is waved according to residing for the transmission pressure determine the transmission pressure
Throw amplitude value, throw amplitude value further according to the transmission pressure and standing wave theory calculate the power transmission tower cross-arm and wave described
Horizontal wind excitation and vertical wind load under operating mode.
6. the test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property according to claim 5, it is characterised in that
The power transmission tower cross-arm is parallel with the direction of the transmission pressure in the horizontal wind excitation direction waved under operating mode.
7. the test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the basis
Loading number of times when the pretightning force time-history curves determine that each bolt is released is further included：
The load time is time of the pretightning force of each bolt when being zero；
Calculate the loading frequency of the wind load of the power transmission tower cross-arm under each default operating mode；
Loading number of times when determining that each bolt is released according to the load time and the loading frequency.
8. the test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the basis
In the loading number of times when load time and the loading frequency determine that each bolt is released,
The product of the load time and the loading frequency is defined as into the loading number of times.
9. the test method of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include：
Repeat the above steps, loading number of times when determining that each bolt is single cap bolt and double-nut bolt respectively；
The loading number of times of each single cap bolt and the double-nut bolt is compared, by the described single cap bolt for releasing at first
It is defined as the weak bolt of anti-loosening property with the double-nut bolt.
10. a kind of experimental rig of power transmission tower crossarm bolt anti-loosening property, is characterised by, including：
Load computing module, for calculating wind load of the power transmission tower under each default operating mode；
Wind load applies module, for setting up the FEM model of the power transmission tower, to described defeated under each default operating mode
Electric tower cross-arm applies corresponding wind load；
Measurement rod member chooses module, for calculating cross-arm in stress of each rod member under the wind load, and it is big to choose stress ratio
In default stress ratio the rod member as measurement rod member；
Pretightning force time-history curves acquisition module, for making the bolt for being installed on each measurement rod member release when the wind load
When, acquisition is installed on the pretightning force time-history curves of the bolt of selected measurement rod member；
Release loading number of times determining module, loading during for determining that each bolt is released according to the pretightning force time-history curves
Number of times；
Anti-loosening property evaluation module, loading number of times during for being released according to each bolt determines each bolt disengaged position
Distribution situation, and the bolt for releasing at first is defined as into the weak bolt of anti-loosening property.
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| CN113358313A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-07 | 国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Method for testing looseness of bolts of power transmission iron tower |
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| CN113358313A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-07 | 国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Method for testing looseness of bolts of power transmission iron tower |
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