CN106567713B - For the construction method and system of shield driving forward probe in marine bed - Google Patents
For the construction method and system of shield driving forward probe in marine bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN106567713B CN106567713B CN201610957496.0A CN201610957496A CN106567713B CN 106567713 B CN106567713 B CN 106567713B CN 201610957496 A CN201610957496 A CN 201610957496A CN 106567713 B CN106567713 B CN 106567713B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005055 memory storage Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 27
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 208000035126 Facies Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001269238 Data Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/003—Arrangement of measuring or indicating devices for use during driving of tunnels, e.g. for guiding machines
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of construction method and system for shield driving forward probe in marine bed, this method includes：In laying earthquake wave launcher on the cutterhead of shield machine；In laying multiple seismic receivers on the cutterhead；According to seismic waveform into corresponding specific coding voice transmission signal, front Transmitted station signal of the earthquake wave launcher according to specific coding voice transmission signal to the shield machine is made；Seismic signal through reflection is received by the seismic receiver, record detection data and is analyzed, to obtain the geological condition of the shield machine earth layer in front.Using the earthquake wave launcher on cutter head of shield machine to the front Transmitted station signal in chapelet face, the earthquake wave launcher generates Earthquake Resilient ripple by the sound transmission signal of specific coding, avoid the preparatory process of the drillhole blasting in TSP technologies, and the tranmitting frequency of seismic signal is controllable, the precision of prediction of geological condition can be improved, control is simple and convenient feasible.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tunneling shield fields, refer in particular to a kind of construction party for shield driving forward probe in marine bed
Method and system.
Background technology
In recent years, track traffic development in domestic city is extremely rapid, and to before and after 2015, China builds up and handed over building track
Logical circuit is up to 158, and total kilometrage will be more than 4189 kilometers.Shield Method has mechanized construction degree height, opens
The features such as efficient, effect on environment is small is dug, has obtained quite being widely applied in urban rail transit in China construction.
Modern tunnel construction engineering is increasingly encountered compound stratum problem.Existing shield-tunneling construction engineering method be suitble to compared with
To construct in single soft soil layer, soft rock strata and layer of sand, during tunnel construction, to shield driving front of tunnel heading
Adverse geological condition be unable to accurate judgement, be largely affected by construction.The southeastern coastal areas such as Guangdong, the Shenzhen in China
It is mostly compound stratum for the widely distributed region of granite.It is commonly encountered when building tunnel using shield construction in the region
Hard rock and upper soft lower hard compound stratum bring very big difficulty, it is necessary to a kind of skill for being capable of Accurate Prediction unfavorable geology to construction
Art brings certain reference to shield-tunneling construction.
For composite bottom layer geological condition prediction the prior art practices well there are two types of：
One kind is conventional borehole coring exploration engineering, relatively rough to the detection on tunnel stratum since cloth pitch of holes is big, with
The deviation of actual conditions is larger, make it is inaccurate to the grasp situation of front of tunnel heading poor strata during shield-tunneling construction, to applying
Work brings very big difficulty.If encrypting cloth hole exploration, of high cost, time-consuming.
Another kind is TSP (tunnel seismic prediction, tunnel seismic prospecting) technology (including physical prospecting),
1 1.5~2m gun drilling is played in a tunnel tunnel face rear abutment wall distant place, is poured water wherein and is placed 13 component wave detector；Thenad
Sub- face direction is evenly arranged the drilling for boring deep about 1.5m, high explosive is put into after pouring water, then explosion successively, is connect by wave detector
Receive the elastic wave that explosion generates.Elastic one side of wave direction wave detector directly propagates and is received by wave detector, is passed through after the opposing party's propagation
Area face forward runs into different wave impedance in rock mass and forms reflection, and back wave is successively received back to each wave detector, is passed through
Data processing is charted, and is then passed through the interpretation to image, is drawn geology conclusion.TSP tunnel seismic prospecting technologies need drillhole blasting, production
Radix Rehmanniae shakes elastic wave, passes through some excitings, multipoint reception (or multi-point exciting, a little receive) prediction unfavorable geology, preparatory process
It is complicated.TSP technological prediction scopes are generally hundred meters or so, to improve precision, reduce error, several separate explosions need to be done in hundred meters
Exciting.In addition the uncertainty of marine site hydrological characteristics brings larger impact to physical prospecting accuracy.
The content of the invention
The defects of it is an object of the invention to overcome the prior art, provides a kind of advanced for shield driving in marine bed
It is big, of high cost and time-consuming to solve deviation existing for the exploration of conventional borehole coring in the prior art for the construction method and system of detection
Preparatory process existing for the problem of long and TSP technologies it is complicated and need several times vibration excited by explosive action come the problem of improving precision.
Realizing the technical solution of above-mentioned purpose is：
The present invention provides a kind of construction method for shield driving forward probe in marine bed, including walking as follows
Suddenly：
In laying earthquake wave launcher on the cutterhead of shield machine；
In laying multiple seismic receivers on the cutterhead of the shield machine；
According to seismic waveform into corresponding specific coding voice transmission signal, the specific coding voice transmission signal is sent out
It send to the earthquake wave launcher, to make the earthquake wave launcher according to the specific coding voice transmission signal to the shield
The front Transmitted station signal of structure machine；
Seismic signal through reflection is received by the seismic receiver, records the installation of the seismic receiver
The current corner of position, the cutterhead, the seismic receiver receive the receiving time of the seismic signal through reflection with
And the launch time of the earthquake wave launcher Transmitted station signal；And
The current corner of installation site, the cutterhead to the seismic receiver that is recorded, the seismic wave connect
It receives device and receives the receiving time of the seismic signal through reflection and the hair of the earthquake wave launcher Transmitted station signal
It penetrates the time to be analyzed, to obtain the geological condition of the shield machine earth layer in front.
The present invention is believed using the earthquake wave launcher being mounted on cutter head of shield machine to the front Transmitted station in chapelet face
Number, which generates Earthquake Resilient ripple by the sound transmission signal of specific coding, avoids the drilling in TSP technologies
The preparatory process of explosion, and the tranmitting frequency of seismic signal is controllable, can improve the precision of prediction of geological condition, control is simple
Facilitate feasible.The forward probe construction method of the present invention is realized during shield machine tunnels, to 40 meters in front of shield machine
Scope carries out repeated multiple times detection, and several detection informations in the range of 40 meters of acquisition can avoid the conclusion of geological condition
Unicity realizes advanced prediction poor strata.Solve deviation existing for conventional borehole coring exploration engineering it is big, it is of high cost and
The problem of time-consuming, also solving preparatory process complexity and need existing for TSP technologies, vibration excited by explosive action is high-precision to carry several times
Problem.
The present invention for shield driving forward probe construction method in marine bed further improvement lies in that, also wrap
It includes：
The first closed air line is connected for the earthquake wave launcher；
The second closed air line is connected for multiple seismic receivers；
First air line and second air line are connected with an air compressor machine；
The pressure at the earthquake wave launcher and the seismic receiver is monitored, and passes through benefit using the air compressor machine
Press operation and bleed air operation adjust the pressure at the earthquake wave launcher and the seismic receiver so that pressure to be made to tend to
Stablize.
The present invention for shield driving forward probe construction method in marine bed further improvement lies in that, in shield
In machine tunneling process, with setting time interval by the earthquake wave launcher to the front Transmitted station of the shield machine
Signal；
It is corresponding to receive the seismic signal through reflection using the seismic receiver, record the seismic receiver
Installation site, the current corner of the cutterhead, the seismic receiver receive the reception of the seismic signal through reflection
Time and the launch time of the earthquake wave launcher Transmitted station signal；
Driving distance is set, obtains the installation position of all seismic receivers of record in the driving distance
Put, the corner that the cutterhead is current, the seismic receiver receive the seismic signal through reflection receiving time and
The launch time of the earthquake wave launcher Transmitted station signal, and analyzed to obtain the shield machine earth layer in front
Geological condition.
The present invention for shield driving forward probe construction method in marine bed further improvement lies in that, also wrap
It includes：
Obtain presetting medium spread speed；
It determines to receive through reflection using the current corner of the installation site of the seismic receiver and the cutterhead
The location information of seismic signal；
The transmission time of the seismic signal is calculated using the receiving time and the launch time, and combines
Setting length of the setting medium compared with identified location information is calculated in the presetting medium spread speed, then
The coordinate information of the setting medium is drawn with reference to the conversion of identified location information；
Obtained setting medium and corresponding setting length are packed into data packet with coordinate information and are exported.
The present invention for shield driving forward probe construction method in marine bed further improvement lies in that, describedly
The frequency of the seismic signal of shock wave transmitter transmitting is between 600 hertz to 2000 hertz.
The present invention also provides a kind of construction system for shield driving forward probe in marine bed, including：
The earthquake wave launcher being laid on the cutterhead of shield machine, for believing to the front Transmitted station of the shield machine
Number；
The multiple seismic receivers being laid on the cutterhead of the shield machine, for receiving the seismic wave letter through reflection
Number；And
The control unit being connected with the earthquake wave launcher and the seismic receiver, described control unit be used for according to
Into corresponding specific coding voice transmission signal and the earthquake wave launcher is sent to according to seismic waveform, to make the seismic wave
Transmitter is according to the specific coding voice transmission signal to the front Transmitted station signal of the shield machine；The control is single
Member is additionally operable to record the current corner of the installation site of the seismic receiver, the cutterhead, the seismic receiver connects
The receiving time of the seismic signal through reflection and the launch time of the earthquake wave launcher Transmitted station signal are received,
And it is analyzed to obtain the geological condition of the shield machine earth layer in front.
The present invention for shield driving forward probe construction system in marine bed further improvement lies in that, further include
The pressure control unit being connected with the earthquake wave launcher and the seismic receiver, the pressure control unit are used to supervise
The pressure at the earthquake wave launcher and the seismic receiver is controlled, and controls the adjustment earthquake wave launcher and described
Pressure at seismic receiver is to make pressure level-off.
The present invention for shield driving forward probe construction system in marine bed further improvement lies in that, the control
Timer, data transmission blocks, data reception module, analysis and processing module and memory module are equipped in unit processed；
The memory module memory storage has the specific coding voice transmission signal；
The data transmission blocks are connected with the memory module and the timer, and the timer is between setting time
Every to the data transmission blocks send send instructions, the data transmission blocks according to the send instructions send described in deposit
The specific coding voice transmission signal in module is stored up to the earthquake wave launcher, the earthquake wave launcher to be made to set
Fix time interval to Transmitted station signal in front of the shield machine；
The data reception module is communicated to connect with the earthquake wave launcher and the seismic receiver, for receiving
The seismic signal through reflection that the seismic receiver receives receives the earthquake wave launcher Transmitted station signal
Launch time, receive the current corner of the installation site of the seismic receiver, the cutterhead, the seismic receiver
Receive the receiving time of the seismic signal through reflection；
The analysis and processing module is connected with the data reception module and the memory module, for the data to be connect
Receive the seismic signal through reflection, launch time, the installation site of seismic receiver, turn of cutterhead currently that module receives
Angle and receiving time, which are write in the memory module, to be stored；The analysis and processing module is additionally operable in the memory module
When memory contains the data of setting driving distance, to all described in the driving distance of the memory module memory storage
The current corner of the installation site of seismic wave receiver, the cutterhead, the seismic receiver receive the seismic wave through reflection
The launch time of the receiving time of signal and the earthquake wave launcher Transmitted station signal is analyzed to obtain described
The geological condition of shield machine earth layer in front.
The present invention for shield driving forward probe construction system in marine bed further improvement lies in that, the control
Presetting medium spread speed is also stored in the memory module of unit processed；
Being established in described control unit has algorithm model；
The analysis and processing module is by the current corner of the installation site of the seismic receiver, the cutterhead, described
Receiving time, the launch time and presetting medium spread speed are input in the algorithm model and are calculated, and obtain
To the setting length and coordinate information of corresponding setting medium；The analysis and processing module is by obtained setting medium and corresponding
Length is set to be packed into data packet with coordinate information to be exported.
The present invention for shield driving forward probe construction system in marine bed further improvement lies in that, describedly
The frequency of the seismic signal of shock wave transmitter transmitting is between 600 hertz to 2000 hertz.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is system diagram of the present invention for the construction system of shield driving forward probe in marine bed.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
The present invention provides a kind of construction methods and system for shield driving forward probe in marine bed, are marine facies
Compound stratum shield-tunneling construction provides a kind of new Technical Reference.The construction method and system of the forward probe of the present invention being capable of profits
Seismic signal is generated with the voice transmission signal of specific coding so that the transmitting of seismic signal has stronger controllability,
Can the frequency of transmitting be set according to actual needs, and then improve the precision of prediction, avoid the preparatory process of drillhole blasting,
And it is easier compared to the transmitting of the seismic signal of the drillhole blasting present invention, eliminate complicated preparatory process.By setting
Fixed suitable seismic signal tranmitting frequency, when the soil body detects in front of to shield machine, in setting driving distance
Multiple detection data is analyzed and draws the geological condition on the stratum, avoids the unicity of structure, multiple detection data it
Between can mutually confirm and mutually correct, the precision of prediction can be effectively improved, provide can for the shield-tunneling construction of marine facies compound stratum
The Technical Reference leaned on.For the construction method of shield driving forward probe in marine bed and it is to the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
System illustrates.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of construction systems for shield driving forward probe in marine bed, it should
Construction system includes earthquake wave launcher 21, multiple seismic receivers 22 and control unit, and earthquake wave launcher 21 is laid
In on the cutterhead 11 of shield machine, multiple seismic receivers 22 are also laid on the cutterhead 11 of shield machine, the earthquake wave launcher
21 and seismic receiver 22 be followed by cutterhead 11 and rotated, earthquake wave launcher 21 therein is used for the front of shield machine
Transmitted station signal, seismic receiver 22 is for seismic signal of the reception through reflection.Control unit emits with seismic wave
Device 21 and seismic receiver 22 connect, and control unit is used for foundation seismic waveform into corresponding specific coding voice transmission signal
And earthquake wave launcher 21 is sent to, the earthquake wave launcher 21 is according to the specific coding voice transmission signal of reception to shield machine
Front Transmitted station signal, soil layer of the seismic signal in front of shield machine propagate, can be reflected when meeting with obstruction, passed through
The seismic signal of reflection is received by the seismic receiver 2 on cutterhead 11.Control unit is in 21 county of emission of earthquake wave launcher
The launch time of seismic signal is recorded during seismic wave signal, which is also recorded for the installation position of seismic receiver 22
It puts, seismic receiver 22 receives the receiving time of the seismic signal through reflection and current in the cutterhead 11 of receiving time
Corner.Launch time of the control unit to seismic signal, the receiving time of the seismic signal through reflection, cutterhead are current
The installation site of corner and seismic receiver is analyzed to obtain the geological condition of shield machine earth layer in front.
Earthquake wave launcher 21 is installed on the cutting face of cutterhead 11, and the one side adjacent with soil layer of earthquake wave launcher 21 is set
There is vibration membrane, the container for holding liquid is provided in front of vibration membrane, the soil layer in the container and front is affixed.Earthquake wave launcher
The controller being connected with vibration membrane is equipped in 21, the vibrations of vibration membrane are controlled by controller, controller is according to the spy received
Different coding voice transmission signal shakes to control the vibrations of vibration membrane and generates the soil layer that elastic wave is passed to front via liquid, real
Show and emitted seismic wave signal by the vibrations of vibration membrane.
One better embodiment of the construction system as forward probe of the present invention, the construction system of the forward probe also wrap
The pressure control unit 26 being connected with earthquake wave launcher 21 and seismic receiver 22 is included, pressure control unit 26 is used to monitor
Pressure at earthquake wave launcher 21 and seismic receiver 22, and control adjustment earthquake wave launcher 21 and seismic receiver
Pressure at 22 is to make pressure level-off.It is preferred that the pressure control unit 26 is air compressor machine, the seismic wave hair on cutterhead 11
Emitter 21 is connected with hydraulic valve block, and multiple seismic receivers 22 are connected together there are one hydraulic valve block, and the air compressor machine is by returning
Turn the control of unit and hydraulic valve block to connect, air compressor machine passes through the control that controls hydraulic valve block to realize to pressure so that cutterhead 11
The environment at place meets construction requirement, also the contentedly requirement of shock wave transmitter and seismic receiver.Specifically, in cutterhead
Detector at 11 is set, pressure parameter is obtained in real time using detector.The first closed air hose is connected for earthquake wave launcher
Line connects the second closed air line for multiple seismic receivers, by air compressor machine and the first air line and the second air
Pipeline control connection, air compressor machine obtain the pressure parameter of detector monitors, are compared according to the pressure parameter with setting pressure
Judge, according to judging result come determine pressure adjust, when pressure parameter be less than setting pressure when, it is necessary to carry out ftercompction, air compressor machine
It is pressed by earthquake wave launcher described in ftercompction operation adjustment and the pressure at the seismic receiver with pressure is made to tend to setting
Power；When pressure parameter is more than, it is necessary to be depressured, air compressor machine adjusts the seismic wave by bleed air operation and emits when setting pressure
Pressure at device and the seismic receiver is to make pressure tend to set pressure.It is connect by the adjustment seismic wave of air compressor machine
It receives the pressure at device and earthquake wave launcher and is in and stablize, air compressor machine realizes the line of the first air line and the second air line
Road voltage stabilizing.
One better embodiment of the construction system as forward probe of the present invention, control unit is interior to be equipped with timer, number
According to sending module, data reception module, analysis and processing module and memory module, memory module memory contains specific coding sound
Transmission signal, data transmission blocks are connected with memory module and timer, and timer is sent out so that setting time is equally spaced to data
Module is sent to send send instructions, data transmission blocks send the specific coding voice transmission in memory module according to the send instructions
Signal is to earthquake wave launcher 21, the earthquake wave launcher 21 to be made to be sent out with the soil layer in front of section purchase machine at setting time interval
Seismic signal is penetrated, setting time uses 10s, i.e., emits one earthquake ripple signal per 10s.Data reception module is sent out with seismic wave
Emitter 21 and seismic receiver 22 communicate to connect, and the seismic wave letter through reflection is received for receiving seismic receiver 22
Number, the launch time of 21 Transmitted station signal of earthquake wave launcher is received, receives the installation site of seismic receiver 22, it should
Cutterhead current corner when seismic receiver 22 receives the seismic signal of reflection, seismic receiver 22 are received through anti-
The receiving time for the seismic signal penetrated.Analysis and processing module is connected with data reception module and memory module, for by data
The seismic signal through reflection that receiving module receives, launch time, the installation site of seismic receiver, cutterhead are current
It is stored in corner and receiving time write-in memory module.The analysis and processing module is additionally operable to contain in memory module memory
When setting the detection data of driving distance, the installation to seismic receiver all in the driving distance of memory module memory storage
The current corner of position, the cutterhead, seismic receiver receive the receiving time and ground of the seismic signal through reflection
The launch time of shock wave transmitter Transmitted station signal is analyzed to obtain the geological condition of the shield machine earth layer in front.
Analysis and processing module analyzes and processes detection data to be carried out in the following way, in the storage mould of control unit
Presetting medium spread speed is also stored in block, has algorithm model in control unit, analysis and processing module is by seismic wave
The current corner of the installation site of receiver, cutterhead, seismic signal through reflection receiving time, seismic signal transmitting
Time and presetting medium spread speed are input in algorithm model and are calculated, and obtain the setting length of corresponding setting medium
And acquired setting medium and corresponding setting length are packed into counting by coordinate information, the analysis and processing module with coordinate information
It is exported according to bag.Transmission speed of the seismic wave in different medium is different, and presetting medium spread speed includes setting
The type of medium and spread speed corresponding with setting medium, setting the type of medium can obtain according to the exploration before shield-tunneling construction
Know.According to transmission speed of the seismic wave in medium is set and the transmission time of seismic wave, the length of the setting medium can be learnt
Degree, the installation position of the setting medium is in the front of cutter head of shield machine.Since seismic wave is propagated in the soil body, when running into barrier
When, propagation medium changes, if this medium makes seismic wave border increase specific impedance and wavelength, seismic wave generates reflection,
Seismic receiver can just receive the seismic wave through reflection.It follows that showing that medium is set in front of cutterhead to be set
Length after, you can know the position of barrier, then by the current coordinate information of cutterhead, can convert to obtain the seat of barrier
Mark information.When establishing algorithm model, the setting length of setting medium and the coordinate of barrier is calculated in algorithm for design model
Information, such analysis and processing module will set the setting length, the type of corresponding setting medium and the coordinate of barrier of medium
Information is packed into data packet and is exported together.
At work, working environment is full of a large amount of noises to earthquake wave launcher 21, in order to reduce noise as far as possible to surveying
Resulting influence is measured, the construction system of forward probe of the invention needs to identify the sound wave signals of its own transmission.Due to shield
The physical performance of each component of structure machine and soil, the noise audio generated with soil friction focus mostly below 500 hertz.And
And more high frequency sound wave be subject to the scattering process of friable soil it is stronger (this forward probe system namely of the present invention can not detect compared with
Remote reason).During higher than 500 hertz noise can sharp-decay, when reaching 600 hertz or more, noise volume is very
It is small.So the specific coding voice transmission signal frequency selection of earthquake wave launcher (pays attention in 600 to 2000 hertzs
Here the difference with noise is：Noise is that all audios are all mixed in together, and transmitter be on sweep signal, that is, signal from
600, which rapidly rise to 2000 or so, then completes transmitting).
As shown in Figure 1, in the practice of construction of shield machine, the cutting face of the cutterhead 11 of shield machine is equipped with 1 seismic wave
Transmitter 21 and 4 seismic receivers 22, and earthquake wave launcher 21 and seismic receiver 22 carry hydraulic valve block.Ground
Shock wave transmitter 21 is toward front of tunnel heading Transmitted station signal.Digital quantizer 23 is installed at the back side of cutterhead 11, the number
Word converter 23 is used for analog-to-digital conversion, and digital quantizer 23 is connected with the hydraulic valve block of earthquake wave launcher 21, and also and seismic wave
The hydraulic valve block connection of receiver 22.Turning unit 24 is connected in the center steering of shield machine, the turning unit 24 and number
Converter 23 connects, and is connected with the hydraulic valve block of earthquake wave launcher 21 and seismic receiver 22.Also pacify at the back side of cutterhead 11
Equipped with pressure control unit 26, for addedly shock wave transmitter and the difference of seismic receiver internal pressure and external pressure,
The effect that control pressure tends towards stability.The control cabinet being connected with turning unit 24 is additionally provided in shield machine, is set in control cabinet
There are amplifier, visualization system, PC systems 25 and a switch room, the control unit in construction system of the present invention is PC systems
25, which is connected by turning unit 24 and digital quantizer 23 with earthquake wave launcher 21 and seismic receiver 22
It connects, receives, handles and using detection data, control cabinet is additionally operable to the effect that transformation provides all appts power supply.Digital quantizer
23 seismic signals through reflection for receiving seismic receiver 22 are digitized, and are then sent to by turning unit 24
PC systems 25 in control cabinet, digital quantizer 23 also provide for all appts DC power supply on cutterhead, for for seismic wave
Transmitter 21 provides the voice transmission signal of specific coding, for providing switching signal for pressure control unit 26 to realize PC systems
The control of 25 pairs of pressure control unit operations of system, for receiving the institute that earthquake wave launcher 21 and seismic receiver 22 are formed
There is detection data, and detection data is digitized and then sends PC systems 25 to, detection data includes having seismic receiving
Device 22 receives the seismic signal through reflection, the launch time of 21 Transmitted station signal of earthquake wave launcher, seismic wave connect
Receive the installation position of device 22, the current corner of cutterhead and the should when seismic receiver 22 receives the seismic signal of reflection
Seismic receiver 22 receives the receiving time of the seismic signal through reflection.Digital quantizer 23 receives PC systems in control cabinet
The control of system 25.Turning unit 24 converts digital signal by center steering, is transferred in PC systems 25.
PC systems 25 carry out detection data point the data obtained after continuous quick analysis, be input in visualization system into
Row conversion display, the visualization system show reflection relative reflection energy herein in connection with the parameter in shield machine tunneling process
2D and 3D color models.The forward probe system of the present invention is using 40 meters of scopes as unit, in 40 meters of shield machine front of tunnel heading
Different medium positioned, according to the geometric position in the region for generating reflection, the detection information in several 40 meters of Comprehensive Correlation,
Realize advanced prediction poor strata.Usually, using shield machine promote 5 meters in all detection datas come formed reflection it is relatively anti-
Penetrate 2D the and 3D color models of energy.Specifically detection flow is：PC systems 25 send specific coding to earthquake wave launcher 21
Voice transmission signal, earthquake wave launcher 21 are received to front of tunnel heading Transmitted station signal, seismic receiver through reflection
Seismic signal, digital quantizer 23 receive detection data simultaneously digitized, PC systems are transmitted to by turning unit 24
25, after amplifier amplification, detection data is carried out record storage, when storing sufficient amount of data, system by PC systems 25
Automatic packaging forms the readable 2D and 3D data packets of visualization system after analysis, so that professional is checked.The present invention's
Construction system also needs to use in data processing the real-time mileage of shield machine, which can lead from shield machine
It is obtained into system.
The present invention has the beneficial effect that for the construction system of shield driving forward probe in marine bed：
A kind of new Technical Reference is provided for marine facies compound stratum shield-tunneling construction.In 40 meters of estimation range, effectively
Improve the precision of prediction.System is directly installed on cutter head of shield machine, easy to operate, and the mode for generating seismic wave also allows for
Manipulation so that the frequency of seismic wave can be controlled as needed, avoid the preparatory process such as drillhole blasting.The present invention be
The acquired detection data of system combines multiple 40 meters of unit scopes in estimation range and carries out, and avoids the unicity of conclusion.
The present invention is illustrated for the construction method of shield driving forward probe in marine bed below.
The present invention provides a kind of construction method for shield driving forward probe in marine bed, including walking as follows
Suddenly：
In laying earthquake wave launcher on the cutterhead of shield machine；
In laying multiple seismic receivers on the cutterhead of shield machine；
According to seismic waveform into corresponding specific coding voice transmission signal, specific coding voice transmission signal is sent to
Earthquake wave launcher, to make front Transmitted station of the earthquake wave launcher according to specific coding voice transmission signal to shield machine
Signal；
Seismic signal through reflection is received by seismic receiver, records installation site, the knife of seismic receiver
The current corner of disk, seismic receiver receive the receiving time of the seismic signal through reflection and earthquake wave launcher hair
Penetrate the launch time of seismic signal；And by the current corner of the installation site of the seismic receiver recorded, cutterhead,
Seismic wave receiver receives the receiving time of the seismic signal through reflection and earthquake wave launcher Transmitted station signal
Launch time as detection data, is analyzed the detection data, to obtain the geological condition in front of shield machine.
The present invention generates seismic signal by specific coding voice transmission signal, is sent out by earthquake wave launcher
It penetrates, the structure and working principle of the earthquake wave launcher is referring to the description in above-mentioned construction system, and details are not described herein.The present invention
Forward probe construction method, conveniently realize the control to seismic wave signal tranmitting frequency, set according to actual needs
Tranmitting frequency so as to obtain suitable detection data, can effectively improve the precision of prediction, have important finger to practice of construction
Lead meaning.
One better embodiment of the construction method as the forward probe, further includes shock wave transmitter over the ground and seismic wave
The pressure of receiver is controlled, and is specifically comprised the following steps：
The first closed air line is connected for earthquake wave launcher；
The second closed air line is connected for multiple seismic receivers；
First air line and the second air line are connected with an air compressor machine；
The pressure at earthquake wave launcher and seismic receiver is monitored, and operates and deflates by ftercompction using air compressor machine
It operates to adjust the pressure at earthquake wave launcher and seismic receiver to make pressure level-off.It is provided in air compressor machine
Constant-pressure is steady by the pressure at the earthquake wave launcher and seismic receiver on the control cutter head of shield machine of air compressor machine
Setting pressure or so is scheduled on, to meet the requirement of safety.
One better embodiment of the construction method as the forward probe, in shield machine tunneling process, during setting
Between the front Transmitted station signal by earthquake wave launcher to shield machine that is spaced；Setting time is generally 10s, i.e., every
10s emits one earthquake ripple signal.
It is corresponding to receive the seismic signal through reflection using seismic receiver, record the installation position of seismic receiver
It puts, the corner that cutterhead is current, seismic receiver receive the receiving time of the seismic signal through reflection and seismic wave hair
The launch time of emitter Transmitted station signal is as detection data；
Driving distance is set, obtains all detection datas of record in driving distance, and is analyzed to obtain shield
The geological condition of machine earth layer in front.Driving distance is generally 5 meters, i.e. shield machine often tunnels 5 meters, all to what is obtained in 5 meters
Detection data carry out quick continuous analysis, to obtain the geological condition in front of shield machine.
One better embodiment of the construction method as the forward probe, analysis is carried out to detection data includes following step
Suddenly：
Obtain presetting medium spread speed；
It determines to receive the seismic wave through reflection using the current corner of the installation site and cutterhead of seismic receiver to believe
Number location information；
The transmission time of seismic signal is calculated using receiving time and launch time, and combines presetting medium
Setting length of the setting medium compared with identified location information is calculated, in conjunction with identified position in spread speed
Information conversion draws the coordinate information of setting medium, which sets the coordinate of the endpoint (endpoint away from cutterhead) of length
Information is the coordinate information of barrier；
Obtained setting medium and corresponding coordinate information and setting length are packed into data packet and are exported.It will
The data packet, which is input in visualization system, can form corresponding 2D and 3D color models, so that professional is checked.
Realize advanced prediction poor strata.
In order to avoid the influence of noise in shield machine construction environment, by the frequency for the seismic signal that earthquake wave launcher emits
Rate is between 600 hertz to 2000 hertz.
The present invention is described in detail above in association with attached drawing embodiment, those skilled in the art can be according to upper
It states and bright many variations example is made to the present invention.Thus, some details in embodiment should not form limitation of the invention, this
Invention will be using the scope that the appended claims define as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of construction method for shield driving forward probe in marine bed, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
In laying earthquake wave launcher on the cutterhead of shield machine；
In laying multiple seismic receivers on the cutterhead of the shield machine；
According to seismic waveform into corresponding specific coding voice transmission signal, the specific coding voice transmission signal is sent to
The earthquake wave launcher, to make the earthquake wave launcher according to the specific coding voice transmission signal to the shield machine
Front Transmitted station signal；
Seismic signal through reflection is received by the seismic receiver, records the installation position of the seismic receiver
Put, the corner that the cutterhead is current, the seismic receiver receive the seismic signal through reflection receiving time and
The launch time of the earthquake wave launcher Transmitted station signal；And
The current corner of installation site, the cutterhead to the seismic receiver that is recorded, the seismic receiver
Receive the seismic signal through reflection receiving time and the earthquake wave launcher Transmitted station signal transmitting when
Between analyzed, to obtain the geological condition of the shield machine earth layer in front；It further includes：
The first closed air line is connected for the earthquake wave launcher；
The second closed air line is connected for multiple seismic receivers；
First air line and second air line are connected with an air compressor machine；
The pressure at the earthquake wave launcher and the seismic receiver is monitored, and is grasped using the air compressor machine by ftercompction
Make and bleed air operation adjusts the pressure at the earthquake wave launcher and the seismic receiver to make pressure level-off.
2. as described in claim 1 for the construction method of shield driving forward probe in marine bed, which is characterized in that
In shield machine tunneling process, with setting time interval by the earthquake wave launcher to the front county of emission of the shield machine
Seismic wave signal；
It is corresponding to receive the seismic signal through reflection using the seismic receiver, record the peace of the seismic receiver
The current corner of holding position, the cutterhead, the seismic receiver receive the receiving time of the seismic signal through reflection
And the launch time of the earthquake wave launcher Transmitted station signal；
Driving distance is set, obtains the installation site of all seismic receivers of record, institute in the driving distance
State the current corner of cutterhead, the seismic receiver receives the receiving time of the seismic signal through reflection and described
The launch time of shock wave transmitter Transmitted station signal, and analyzed to obtain the geology feelings of the shield machine earth layer in front
Condition.
3. as claimed in claim 2 for the construction method of shield driving forward probe in marine bed, which is characterized in that also
Including：
Obtain presetting medium spread speed；
It determines to receive the earthquake through reflection using the current corner of the installation site of the seismic receiver and the cutterhead
The location information of ripple signal；
The transmission time of the seismic signal is calculated using the receiving time and the launch time, and with reference to described
Setting length of the setting medium compared with identified location information is calculated in presetting medium spread speed, in conjunction with
Identified location information conversion draws the coordinate information of the setting medium；
Obtained setting medium and corresponding setting length are packed into data packet with coordinate information and are exported.
4. as described in claim 1 for the construction method of shield driving forward probe in marine bed, which is characterized in that institute
The frequency of the seismic signal of earthquake wave launcher transmitting is stated between 600 hertz to 2000 hertz.
5. a kind of construction system for shield driving forward probe in marine bed, which is characterized in that including：
The earthquake wave launcher being laid on the cutterhead of shield machine, for the front Transmitted station signal of the shield machine；
The multiple seismic receivers being laid on the cutterhead of the shield machine, for receiving the seismic signal through reflection；With
And
The control unit being connected with the earthquake wave launcher and the seismic receiver, described control unit are used for according to ground
Seismic wave forms corresponding specific coding voice transmission signal and is sent to the earthquake wave launcher, the seismic wave to be made to emit
Device is according to the specific coding voice transmission signal to the front Transmitted station signal of the shield machine；Described control unit is also
For recording the current corner of the installation site of the seismic receiver, the cutterhead, the seismic receiver receives
It the launch time of the receiving time of seismic signal through reflection and the earthquake wave launcher Transmitted station signal, goes forward side by side
Row is analyzed to obtain the geological condition of the shield machine earth layer in front；It further includes and the earthquake wave launcher and the seismic wave
The pressure control unit of receiver connection, the pressure control unit are used to monitor the earthquake wave launcher and the seismic wave
Pressure at receiver, and control and adjust the pressure at the earthquake wave launcher and the seismic receiver so that pressure to be made to become
In stabilization.
6. as claimed in claim 5 for the construction system of shield driving forward probe in marine bed, which is characterized in that institute
It states and timer, data transmission blocks, data reception module, analysis and processing module and memory module is equipped in control unit；
The memory module memory storage has the specific coding voice transmission signal；
The data transmission blocks are connected with the memory module and the timer, and the timer is with setting time interval
Send instructions are sent to the data transmission blocks, the data transmission blocks send the storage mould according to the send instructions
The specific coding voice transmission signal in block is to the earthquake wave launcher, during making the earthquake wave launcher to set
Between be spaced to Transmitted station signal in front of the shield machine；
The data reception module is communicated to connect with the earthquake wave launcher and the seismic receiver, described for receiving
The seismic signal through reflection that seismic receiver receives receives the hair of the earthquake wave launcher Transmitted station signal
The time is penetrated, receives the current corner of the installation site of the seismic receiver, the cutterhead, the seismic receiver receives
To the receiving time of the seismic signal through reflection；
The analysis and processing module is connected with the data reception module and the memory module, for by the data reception
The current corner of the seismic signal through reflection that block receives, launch time, the installation site of seismic receiver, cutterhead with
And receiving time writes in the memory module and is stored；The analysis and processing module is additionally operable in the memory module memory
When containing the data of setting driving distance, to the seismic wave all in the driving distance of the memory module memory storage
The current corner of the installation site of receiver, the cutterhead, the seismic receiver receive the seismic signal through reflection
Receiving time and launch time of the earthquake wave launcher Transmitted station signal analyzed to obtain the shield
The geological condition of machine earth layer in front.
7. as claimed in claim 6 for the construction system of shield driving forward probe in marine bed, which is characterized in that institute
It states and presetting medium spread speed is also stored in the memory module of control unit；
Being established in described control unit has algorithm model；
The analysis and processing module is by the current corner of the installation site of the seismic receiver, the cutterhead, the reception
Time, the launch time and presetting medium spread speed are input in the algorithm model and are calculated, and obtain pair
The setting length and coordinate information of medium should be set；The analysis and processing module sets medium and corresponding setting by obtained
Length is packed into data packet with coordinate information and is exported.
8. as claimed in claim 5 for the construction system of shield driving forward probe in marine bed, which is characterized in that institute
The frequency of the seismic signal of earthquake wave launcher transmitting is stated between 600 hertz to 2000 hertz.
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| CN112415570B (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2024-05-14 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | Earthquake static early warning system |
| CN111610529B (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2023-05-16 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Acoustic wave detection system and working method thereof |
| CN111580154B (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2023-04-18 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Controllable seismic source geological forecasting system by adopting acoustic method |
| CN112901157B (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2024-05-10 | 陕西彬长孟村矿业有限公司 | Fault multi-branch advanced detection hole distribution method |
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| CN201993469U (en) * | 2011-04-23 | 2011-09-28 | 中铁二十局集团第二工程有限公司 | Advanced geology prediction system for tunnel construction |
| CN103967476B (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2016-08-17 | 武汉长盛煤安科技有限公司 | With boring physical prospecting forward probe device and detection method |
| CN104678426B (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-09-02 | 山东大学 | Active source 3-D seismics advance geology exploration device and method in rock tunnel(ling) machine |
| CN104977603A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-10-14 | 甘肃智通科技工程检测咨询有限公司 | Tunnel geological advance forecasting method based on mechanical energy nondestructive detection |
| CN204754993U (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2015-11-11 | 海瑞克(广州)隧道设备有限公司 | Prospecting system in signal send -receiver device and weak soil geology tunnel tunnelling |
| CN105604557B (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2018-03-23 | 福建工程学院 | Shield-tunneling construction boulder detection method based on earthquake CT |
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