CN106566964A - High strength and toughness bimodal distribution aluminum alloy composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High strength and toughness bimodal distribution aluminum alloy composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN106566964A
CN106566964A CN201611007007.1A CN201611007007A CN106566964A CN 106566964 A CN106566964 A CN 106566964A CN 201611007007 A CN201611007007 A CN 201611007007A CN 106566964 A CN106566964 A CN 106566964A
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alloy
preparation
bimodal distribution
equal
alloy composite
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CN106566964B (en
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成家林
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NANJING BAOZUAN SPRING Co.,Ltd.
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Nanjing Institute of Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/16—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with magnesium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/14—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with silicon

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a high strength and toughness bimodal distribution aluminum alloy composite material and a preparation method thereof. The atomic percent of the components of the aluminum alloy is shown as AlaCubMgcSid, wherein a is greater than or equal to 88 but less than or equal to 92, b is greater than or equal to 4.2 but less than or equal to 6, c is greater than or equal to 1.4 but less than or equal to 2, d is greater than or equal to 2.4 but less than or equal to 4, and the sum of a, b, c and d is equal to 100. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy includes the following steps that an aluminum alloy system is selected; according to the phase selection principle, the alloy components are adjusted so that an aluminum solid solution phase can be separated out firstly in the solidification process; and then a eutectic reaction is performed, and a superfine eutectic structure is formed. The bimodal distribution aluminum alloy composite material has excellent strength and plasticity.

Description

A kind of high tough bimodal distribution Al alloy composite and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal-base composites technology, particularly a kind of high tough bimodal distribution Al alloy composite Preparation method.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy density is low, and intensity is higher, and near or above high-quality steel, plasticity is good, can be processed into various section bars, has The excellent performances such as excellent electric conductivity, heat conductivity and corrosion stability, in Aeronautics and Astronautics, automobile, machine-building, ship and chemistry Being widely used in industry.But with the development of industrial technology, tensile strength is particularly to the mechanical property of aluminium alloy and requires to get over Come higher.
It is well known that crystal grain thinning is remarkably improved the intensity of metal material, the block nanometer metal developed at present Intensity is several times of traditional coarse-grain alloy or even decades of times.Therefore, it is that material grinds to develop a kind of nanocrystalline or ultra-fine grained aluminium alloy Study carefully the important development direction in field.Additionally, the plastic deformation of block nanometer metal material be by height localized shear deformation come Realize, the calamitous brittle fracture without macroscopical plastic deformation can occur at room temperature.Therefore, how to develop to have simultaneously and surpass The nanocrystalline or ultra-fine grained aluminium alloy of high intensity and superior plasticity is an extremely challenging scientific research difficult problem.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of tough bimodal distribution Al alloy composite of novel high-strength.The knot of the aluminium alloy Structure feature is the solid solution phase that raw micro-meter scale in as cast condition is separated out based on nanocrystalline or Ultra-fine Grained eutectic structure, so as to Realize the good combination of superhigh intensity and superior plasticity.
The technical solution for realizing the object of the invention is：A kind of high tough bimodal distribution Al alloy composite, it is described Alloying component atomic percent expression formula be：AlaCubMgcSid, wherein 88≤a≤92,4.2≤b≤6,1.4≤c≤2, 2.4≤d≤4, a+b+c+d=100.
The invention also discloses the preparation method of the high tough bimodal distribution Al alloy composite, including following step Suddenly：
The first step：Proportioning is carried out according to the predetermined composition of composite, its alloying component atomic percent expression formula is： AlaCubMgcSid, wherein 88≤a≤92,4.2≤b≤6,1.4≤c≤2,2.4≤d≤4, a+b+c+d=100.
Second step：Using non-consumable arc furnace, under argon atmosphere by tri- kinds of raw material meltings of Al, Cu, Si uniformly Intermediate alloy.
3rd step：Above-mentioned intermediate alloy and pure magnesium raw material are put in graphite crucible, are adopted under argon atmosphere Induction melting, by alloy plus heat fusing, melting is uniform.
4th step：The uniform alloy solution of melting is cast in copper mold, the aluminum with tough bimodal distribution structure is obtained and is closed Metal/composite material section bar.Mechanical properties >=the 600MPa of the Al alloy composite, stretching plastic strain >=8%.
The present invention compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage：It is tough bimodal that the present invention have developed first a kind of novel high-strength Distribution Al alloy composite.The composite has unique construction featuress, is with nanocrystalline or Ultra-fine Grained eutectic structure Matrix, separates out the solid solution phase of raw micro-meter scale in as cast condition, so as to realize the good combination of superhigh intensity and superior plasticity.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart prepared for Al alloy composite of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the microstructure of the high tough bimodal distribution Al alloy composite of embodiment 2.
Fig. 3 is the room temperature tensile load-deformation curve of the high tough bimodal distribution Al alloy composite of embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment
(1) design of alloy：
The Al-Cu-Mg-Si alloy systems with good glass forming ability (GFA) are selected, is closed according to phase choosing principles, binary Metallograph determines alloying component, obtains required alloy component range, AlaCubMgcSid, wherein 88≤a≤92,4.2≤b≤6, 1.4≤c≤2,2.4≤d≤4, a+b+c+d=100.
(2) alloy melting：
Mass percent is conversed according to the atomic percent between the different-alloy element obtained by (1) composition design, is adopted High pure metal constituent element configures required alloy.Using non-consumable arc furnace, by tri- kinds of Al, Cu, Si under argon atmosphere Raw material melting uniformly intermediate alloy.Above-mentioned intermediate alloy and pure magnesium raw material are put in graphite crucible, in argon protection Induction melting is adopted under atmosphere, by alloy plus heat fusing, melting is uniform.
(3) material molding：
The uniform alloy solution of melting is cast in copper mold, the Al alloy composite type with tough bimodal distribution structure is obtained Material, its shape and size can be designed as needed to the inner chamber of copper mold.
(4) structural characterization：
Using X-ray diffractometer（XRD）, optical microscope（OM）And electronic scanner microscope（SEM）Enter Deng the alloy to preparing Row Microstructure characterization, and further mechanical property sign is carried out to it, to determine the alloy with optimal comprehensive mechanical property Composition.
With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
(1) selection of raw material
The present invention prepares the purity such as table 1 of each metal constituent element of master alloy ingot selection, and alloying component is Al90Cu5.1Mg1.7Si3.2 (atomic percent).
Table 1 prepares purity (%) of the master alloy ingot from metal constituent element
(2) melting of alloy
Induction melting is adopted under argon atmosphere, its specific procedure is as follows：
A, the surface mechanical grinding of raw metal is removed after the oxide skin on surface, according to composition proportion first by Al, Cu, Si raw material Under argon atmosphere, using non-consumable arc furnace melting 2 ~ 3 times, and apply function composite by electromagnetic stirring, be uniformly mixed Foundry alloy button ingot., for 300 ~ 350A, the voltage that electromagnetic agitation is adopted is for 1 ~ 3V for the electric current adopted during melting.
B, above-mentioned intermediate alloy and pure magnesium raw material are put in graphite crucible, using induction melting furnace 750 ~ 800 are heated to DEG C, it is incubated 20 ~ 30 minutes.
(3) material molding
The uniform alloy solution of melting is cast in copper mold, the Al alloy composite type with tough bimodal distribution structure is obtained Material, its shape and size can be designed as needed to the inner chamber of copper mold.
(4) structure and performance characterization
Fig. 3 is high tough bimodal distribution Al alloy composite room temperature tensile load-deformation curve, and experiment condition is：Sample mark Carpenters square cun is 3 × 15mm, and experimental temperature is room temperature（25℃）, compression strain speed is 2 × 10-4s-1.Mechanics Performance Testing is tied Fruit shows：Prepared composite material tensile strength has reached 660MPa, and stretching plastic is 10%.
Embodiment 2
Using method same as Example 1, alloying component is Al88Cu6Mg2Si4, it is prepared for 10mm bimodal distributions aluminium alloy and answers Condensation material, tensile strength has reached 720MPa, and stretching plastic strain has reached 8%.
Fig. 2 is the 10mm diameter Al prepared using above-mentioned process conditions88Cu6Mg2Si4The microstructure of alloy, can see Go out, the structure of the composite is：α-Al the solid solution phases of micro-meter scale are uniform-distribution with the matrix of ultra-fine eutectic structure.
Embodiment 3
Using method same as Example 1, alloying component is Al92Cu4.2Mg1.4Si2.4, it is prepared for the conjunction of 10mm bimodal distributions aluminum Metal/composite material, tensile strength has reached 610MPa, and stretching plastic strain has reached 12%.
Fact proved, using simple casting technique, the bimodal distribution Al alloy composite of the present invention realize intensity and The good combination of plasticity.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of high tough bimodal distribution Al alloy composite, it is characterised in that described alloying component atomic percent expression Formula is：AlaCubMgcSid, wherein 88≤a≤92,4.2≤b≤6,1.4≤c≤2,2.4≤d≤4, a+b+c+d=100.
2. a kind of preparation method of high tough bimodal distribution Al alloy composite, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
The first step：Proportioning is carried out according to the predetermined composition of composite, its alloying component atomic percent expression formula is： AlaCubMgcSid, wherein 88≤a≤92,4.2≤b≤6,1.4≤c≤2,2.4≤d≤4, a+b+c+d=100；
Second step：Using non-consumable arc furnace, by tri- kinds of raw material meltings uniformly of Al, Cu, Si under argon atmosphere Between alloy；
3rd step：Above-mentioned intermediate alloy and pure magnesium raw material are put in graphite crucible, using sensing under argon atmosphere Melting, by alloy plus heat fusing, melting is uniform；
4th step：The uniform alloy solution of melting is cast in copper mold, the aluminium alloy with tough bimodal distribution structure is obtained and is answered Condensation material section bar.
3. the preparation method of Al alloy composite according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The alloy constituent element it is pure Degree >=99.5%.
4. the preparation method of Al alloy composite according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Adopt during second step melting Electric current be 300 ~ 350A, the voltage that electromagnetic agitation is adopted is for 1 ~ 3V.
5. the preparation method of Al alloy composite according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：3rd step induction melting Heating-up temperature is 750-800 DEG C, is incubated 20-30 minutes.
6. the preparation method of Al alloy composite according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The aluminium alloy compound material Mechanical properties >=the 600MPa of material, stretching plastic strain >=8%.
CN201611007007.1A 2016-11-16 2016-11-16 A kind of high tough bimodal distribution Al alloy composite and preparation method thereof Active CN106566964B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111519073A (en) * 2020-06-03 2020-08-11 上海鑫烯复合材料工程技术中心有限公司 Nano reinforced metal matrix composite material with trimodal characteristics

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01191759A (en) * 1988-01-26 1989-08-01 Toyota Motor Corp Aluminum alloy composite material
JPH03264638A (en) * 1990-03-13 1991-11-25 Furukawa Alum Co Ltd Aluminum alloy high damping material
CN101348869A (en) * 2007-07-16 2009-01-21 南京理工大学 Preparation of crystal grain size controllable bimodal distribution block superfine/nanocrystalline alloy
CN104178663A (en) * 2013-05-27 2014-12-03 中国科学院金属研究所 Aluminum-based alloy material for preparing disintegration fracturing balls and preparation method thereof
CN105331858A (en) * 2015-11-20 2016-02-17 江苏大学 Preparation method for high-strength and high-toughness ultra-fine grain aluminium alloy

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01191759A (en) * 1988-01-26 1989-08-01 Toyota Motor Corp Aluminum alloy composite material
JPH03264638A (en) * 1990-03-13 1991-11-25 Furukawa Alum Co Ltd Aluminum alloy high damping material
CN101348869A (en) * 2007-07-16 2009-01-21 南京理工大学 Preparation of crystal grain size controllable bimodal distribution block superfine/nanocrystalline alloy
CN104178663A (en) * 2013-05-27 2014-12-03 中国科学院金属研究所 Aluminum-based alloy material for preparing disintegration fracturing balls and preparation method thereof
CN105331858A (en) * 2015-11-20 2016-02-17 江苏大学 Preparation method for high-strength and high-toughness ultra-fine grain aluminium alloy

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111519073A (en) * 2020-06-03 2020-08-11 上海鑫烯复合材料工程技术中心有限公司 Nano reinforced metal matrix composite material with trimodal characteristics
CN111519073B (en) * 2020-06-03 2021-07-09 上海鑫烯复合材料工程技术中心有限公司 Nano carbon reinforced metal matrix composite material with trimodal characteristics

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Patentee before: NANJING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY