CN106564115B - 一种粉煤灰砖坯体的压制方法 - Google Patents
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- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- BPJYAXCTOHRFDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L tetracopper;2,4,6-trioxido-1,3,5,2,4,6-trioxatriarsinane;diacetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.[O-][As]1O[As]([O-])O[As]([O-])O1.[O-][As]1O[As]([O-])O[As]([O-])O1 BPJYAXCTOHRFDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/08—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00431—Refractory materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种粉煤灰砖坯体的压制方法，包括如下步骤：1)将粉煤灰、粘土、水泥和生石灰混合，搅拌均匀，得到混合干料；2)在混合干料中加入占混合干料重量15‑18％的水，搅拌均匀后得到混合湿料；3)将混合湿料放入方形模具中，其中方形模具要使坯体的长厚比控制5.5‑6之间；4)对混合湿料进行四次分阶段加压；5)将压制完成的坯体取出，得到粉煤灰砖坯体。该方法压制出来的粉煤灰砖坯体具有较高的密度，由此制成的粉煤灰砖的耐火性能得到提升。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种砌块坯体的加工方法。
背景技术
随着建筑技术的发展，粉煤灰砌块使用的越来越广泛，粉煤灰利用粉煤灰废料做原料，具有节约能源，轻质等优点。但是其缺点也是明显的，就是强度不高低，耐火性差，在高温环境下很快就松散。通过研究发现，粉煤灰砖的耐火性和粉煤灰砖的密度具有一定关联性，粉煤灰砖的密度越大，其在高温环境下保持不松散的时间越久，即耐火性越好。现有技术中的粉煤灰砖的密度多集中在2-2.5g/cm3，耐火性较差，在200℃以上的高温环境下很快就崩散。
发明内容
为了解决背景技术中存在的以上问题，本发明提供了一种粉煤灰砖坯体的压制方法，该方法压制出来的粉煤灰砖坯体具有较高的密度，由此制成的粉煤灰砖的耐火性能得到提升。
为达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案如下：
一种粉煤灰砖坯体的压制方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
1)将粉煤灰、粘土、水泥和生石灰以15∶5∶2∶1的重量比例混合，搅拌均匀，得到混合干料；
2)在混合干料中加入占混合干料重量15-18％的水，搅拌均匀后得到混合湿料；
3)将混合湿料放入方形模具中，其中方形模具要使坯体的长厚比控制5.5-6 之间；
4)对混合湿料进行四次分阶段加压；
5)将压制完成的坯体取出，得到粉煤灰砖坯体。
所述四次分阶段加压包括：
1)第一次加压，以220Mpa持续加压120s，然后泄压至150MPa并持续 60s，之后解除压力；
2)第二次加压，以260MPa持续加压150s，然后泄压至180MPa并持续 90s，之后解除压力；
3)第三次加压，以300Mpa持续加压60s，然后解除压力；
4)第四次加压，以250Mpa的压力持续加压300s后解除压力；
作为优选，所述砌块模具要使坯体的长厚比控制5.7。
作为优选，步骤2)中加入的水占混合干料重量的15.5％。
本申请的有益效果：
本发明所述压制方法能够使粉煤灰砖坯体的密度达到4g/cm3，同时能够使制成的粉煤灰砖的耐火性能大大加强。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步描述：
实施例1
压制粉煤灰砖坯体，包括如下步骤：
将05kg粉煤灰、5kg粘土、2kg水泥和1kg的生石灰混合，搅拌均匀；然后将混合料中加入3.565kg水，搅拌均匀后得到混合湿料；接着将混合湿料放入方形的模具中，该模具的内腔的长厚比控制在5.7；然后使用压力机对模具中的湿料进行加压，加压为四次分阶段加压：
1)第一次加压，以220Mpa持续加压120s，然后泄压至150MPa并持续 60s，之后解除压力；
2)第二次加压，以260MPa持续加压150s，然后泄压至180MPa并持续 90s，之后解除压力；
3)第三次加压，以300Mpa持续加压60s，然后解除压力；
4)第四次加压，以250Mpa的压力持续加压300s后解除压力；
将压制完成的坯体取出，得到粉煤灰砖坯体。
制得的粉煤灰砖坯体经试验测定，其密度能达到4.6g/cm3。该粉煤灰砖坯体经过蒸养后得到粉煤灰砖，对其在200℃的高温下测试，30min后仍保持结构完成，其强度也仅损失20％。
本发明技术方案的关键在于加压方法，我们研究发现，尽管提高密度能够有效提升粉煤灰砖的耐火性能，但是单纯依靠提升加压压力的方法来提高密度效果并不明显，坯体的密度在达到一定值后再提升压力也无法有效提高密度，主要原因在于粉料中的气体无法有效排除；粉料之间的存在着相反的作用力，抵消了一部分压力等，申请人通过多次试验确定本发明所述的方法，主要通过三点来有效提升密度，一是控制含水率，而是通过控制坯体的长厚比，三是采用分阶段加压。在这三点的综合作用下，粉料坯体的密度在达到极限后又有了提升。
本领域技术人员将会认识到，在不偏离本发明的保护范围的前提下，可以对上述实施方式进行各种修改、变化和组合，并且认为这种修改、变化和组合是在独创性思想的范围之内的。
Claims (2)
1.一种粉煤灰砖坯体的压制方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
1)将粉煤灰、粘土、水泥和生石灰以15∶5∶2∶1的重量比例混合，搅拌均匀，得到混合干料；
2)在混合干料中加入占混合干料重量15-18％的水，搅拌均匀后得到混合湿料；
3)将混合湿料放入方形模具中，其中方形模具要使坯体的长厚比控制5.5-6之间；
4)对混合湿料进行四次分阶段加压；
5)将压制完成的坯体取出，得到粉煤灰砖坯体。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种粉煤灰砖坯体的压制方法，其特征在于，所述四次分阶段加压包括：
1)第一次加压，以220Mpa持续加压120s，然后泄压至150MPa并持续60s，之后解除压力；
2)第二次加压，以260MPa持续加压150s，然后泄压至180MPa并持续90s，之后解除压力；
3)第三次加压，以300Mpa持续加压60s，然后解除压力；
4)第四次加压，以250Mpa的压力持续加压300s后解除压力。
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| CN201810863817.XA CN108947374A (zh) | 2016-07-28 | 2016-07-28 | 一种多阶段压制粉煤灰砖坯体的方法 |
| CN201810863831.XA CN108947347A (zh) | 2016-07-28 | 2016-07-28 | 一种压制高密度粉煤灰砖坯体的方法 |
| CN201610600188.2A CN106564115B (zh) | 2016-07-28 | 2016-07-28 | 一种粉煤灰砖坯体的压制方法 |
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| CN201810863831.XA Division CN108947347A (zh) | 2016-07-28 | 2016-07-28 | 一种压制高密度粉煤灰砖坯体的方法 |
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| CN201810863831.XA Withdrawn CN108947347A (zh) | 2016-07-28 | 2016-07-28 | 一种压制高密度粉煤灰砖坯体的方法 |
| CN201610600188.2A Active CN106564115B (zh) | 2016-07-28 | 2016-07-28 | 一种粉煤灰砖坯体的压制方法 |
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| CN108918230B (zh) * | 2018-08-24 | 2020-09-18 | 河北工程大学 | 一种煤砖的制备方法 |
| WO2020148786A1 (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2020-07-23 | PATEL, Deepti | Method for producing angular shaped fly ash aggregate |
| CN113073199B (zh) * | 2021-03-25 | 2023-08-11 | 河北蓝海智投环保科技有限公司 | 冶金、焦化固废处理专用复合型添加剂及其应用 |
| CN115594453B (zh) * | 2022-11-02 | 2023-11-17 | 海南大学 | 一种纤维地聚合物板材及其制备方法 |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN85109663A (zh) * | 1985-12-11 | 1987-06-24 | 同济大学 | 铁矿石的尾矿制作装饰面砖 |
| KR20000040829A (ko) * | 1998-12-21 | 2000-07-05 | 허성오 | 후라이 애쉬 오지벽돌의 제조방법 |
| JP2006240236A (ja) * | 2005-03-07 | 2006-09-14 | Sma:Kk | 固化成形体の製造方法 |
| CN101050096A (zh) * | 2006-04-03 | 2007-10-10 | 安徽安纳达钛业股份有限公司 | 用含硅、铝玻璃体的废渣和化学石膏制免烧砖的方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1027690C (zh) * | 1989-12-16 | 1995-02-22 | 湖北省电力试验研究所 | 免烧免蒸粉煤灰砖及其制作方法 |
| CN1128047C (zh) * | 2000-08-22 | 2003-11-19 | 河南恒通源实业有限公司 | 高强蒸压粉煤灰砖成型工艺 |
-
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- 2016-07-28 CN CN201810863817.XA patent/CN108947374A/zh not_active Withdrawn
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN85109663A (zh) * | 1985-12-11 | 1987-06-24 | 同济大学 | 铁矿石的尾矿制作装饰面砖 |
| KR20000040829A (ko) * | 1998-12-21 | 2000-07-05 | 허성오 | 후라이 애쉬 오지벽돌의 제조방법 |
| JP2006240236A (ja) * | 2005-03-07 | 2006-09-14 | Sma:Kk | 固化成形体の製造方法 |
| CN101050096A (zh) * | 2006-04-03 | 2007-10-10 | 安徽安纳达钛业股份有限公司 | 用含硅、铝玻璃体的废渣和化学石膏制免烧砖的方法 |
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| CN106564115A (zh) | 2017-04-19 |
| CN108947347A (zh) | 2018-12-07 |
| CN108947374A (zh) | 2018-12-07 |
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