CN106556413B - A kind of two axis based on piezoelectric ceramic motor are without magnetic electrical turntable - Google Patents

A kind of two axis based on piezoelectric ceramic motor are without magnetic electrical turntable Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106556413B
CN106556413B CN201610970811.3A CN201610970811A CN106556413B CN 106556413 B CN106556413 B CN 106556413B CN 201610970811 A CN201610970811 A CN 201610970811A CN 106556413 B CN106556413 B CN 106556413B
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grating
ceramic
turntable
reading head
piezoelectric ceramic
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CN106556413A (en
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王茁
蔡明智
张波
王涛
李文琦
谢敏燕
王大欢
傅质彬
形家轩
兰荻
邢泽阳
王程
周剑琦
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Harbin Engineering University
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Harbin Engineering University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C25/00Manufacturing, calibrating, cleaning, or repairing instruments or devices referred to in the other groups of this subclass
    • G01C25/005Manufacturing, calibrating, cleaning, or repairing instruments or devices referred to in the other groups of this subclass initial alignment, calibration or starting-up of inertial devices

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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
  • Gyroscopes (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of two axis based on piezoelectric ceramic motor without magnetic electrical turntable, including horizontal rotation part and pitching part, horizontal rotation part includes bottom plate, three HR2 ceramic motors, three HR2 ceramic motors are set and export the ceramic ring stirred between finger, with the pivoted loop of ceramic ring adhesion, the grating disc being connect with pivoted loop, revolution grating reading head bracket is provided on one in three HR2 ceramic motors, revolution grating reading head is provided on grating reading head bracket, pendulum body is fixed on grating disc, post grating scale in grating disk upper surface, pitching part includes two upper pendulum supporting blocks connecting with upper pendulum body, two HR4 ceramic motors being separately mounted in two upper pendulum supporting blocks, two HR4 ceramic motors are set and export two potsherds stirred between finger, bonding Top pendular body between two potsherds.The present invention has the advantages that not introducing magnetic field, precision is high, and dynamic property is good, and controllability is good.

Description

A kind of two axis based on piezoelectric ceramic motor are without magnetic electrical turntable
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of two axis based on piezoelectric ceramic motor belong to high-accuracy measuring instrument skill without magnetic electrical turntable Art field.
Background technique
With sharply increasing for industry, traffic, electric power and living facilities, people are in an increasingly complicated electromagnetism ring Among border, earth's magnetic field has become to become increasingly complex in local scope.However, with the continuous progress of science and technology, being surveyed in precision In the fields such as amount, space flight and aviation, metrology and measurement, the requirement to extraneous environmental magnetic field is higher and higher.For example, in aerospace and The gyroscope of navigation in ship, interference magnetic field drastically influence its navigation accuracy, it is necessary to eliminate to interference magnetic field.In nothing In man-machine, inertial guidance long- and medium-range missiles, the performance of inertial navigation sensor directly affects its trajectory accuracy.So used in order to simulate The posture of property navigation sensor in actual use, is designed to that a kind of high-accuracy non-magnetic turntable becomes an important link.
Two-axis platcform can be directed to the modules such as gyro, Inertial Measurement Unit, the attitude heading reference system based on micro electronmechanical MEMS And products thereof test and whole system motion simulation.External magnetic field interference, turntable motor cannot be introduced during the test Magnetic prevention and control processing is done, turntable material selection nonferromagnetic material copper and aluminium etc., cable will be done every magnetic treatment.Two axis electrical turntables need Higher kinematic accuracy is wanted, horizontally rotates and is generally not less than 0.1 ' with pitching precision;Turntable also needs higher processing The positional repeatability of precision, turntable is not more than 0.1 '.Turntable load should also design rationally, because under biggish load, Turntable bad dynamic performance.At design initial stage, these require to fully consider, and reasonable reliable method should be selected to go to avoid magnetic The introducing and the good precision of acquisition of field.
In design of two axis without magnetic electrical turntable, piezoelectric ceramic motor is selected to be driven, using the gold of nonferromagnetic Belong to material, grating encoder selecting degree of precision, introducing without magnetic field is a relatively reasonable scheme.Turntable can load weight Amount is 2.0Kg, it is driven using piezoelectric ceramic motor, can be to avoid the magnetic field for using conventional motor to introduce, and basic machine is complete Using the metal material of nonferromagnetic, relative permeability < 1.01 of material.Position, velocity and acceleration detection use Reinshaw Grating encoder, optical-mechanical system minimum resolution can achieve 0.1 μm, and two axis are put without horizontally rotating for magnetic electrical turntable with pitching Dynamic precision is 0.01 ', and turntable is equipped with digital display angles of display, display precision 0.01 ', and turntable has good dynamic Can, speed adjustable range is wide.Turret base has levelling function, reserves datum level on base plane, is realized using two-dimensional gradienter high Precision leveling.For opposite other methods, which can effectively avoid the introducing of external magnetic field without magnetic electrical turntable, and structure is opposite It simply, can be it is easy to ensure that very high precision, dynamic property be good.It can without magnetic electrical turntable based on two axis of piezoelectric ceramic motor To control angular speed, maximum angular acceleration, turntable can be rotated in a manner of interval-pause, and the good performance of piezoelectric ceramic motor is true The high-precision and excellent dynamic of turntable are protected.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of two axis based on piezoelectric ceramic motor without magnetic electrical turntable,
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: including horizontal rotation part and pitching part, horizontal rotation part Including bottom plate, three level adjusters that three ends of bottom plate are set, three HR2 ceramic electricals being symmetricly set on bottom plate Pivoted loop and pivoted loop that the ceramic ring between finger and ceramic ring adhesion are stirred in three HR2 ceramic motor outputs is arranged in machine The grating disc of connection is provided with revolution grating reading head bracket, grating reading head branch on one in three HR2 ceramic motors Revolution grating reading head is provided on frame, and the first grating reading head and grating disc are in the same horizontal position, the grating disc On be fixed with pendulum matrix, grating scale is posted in grating disk upper surface, and upper pendulum matrix side is provided with the finger with grating scale cooperation Needle, upper pendulum matrix upper end are provided with dust excluding plate;The pitching part includes two upper pendulum supports connecting with upper pendulum matrix Block, two HR4 ceramic motors being separately mounted in two upper pendulum supporting blocks, setting are stirred in two HR4 ceramic motor outputs Two potsherds between finger, the top pendular body being bonded between two potsherds, the T-slot being arranged on the pendular body of top Platform, the middle position of the grating disc are provided with rocking grating reading head bracket, are provided with pendulum on rocking grating reading head bracket Dynamic grating reading head, the middle position of dust excluding plate is provided with the through-hole with rocking grating reading head dimensional fits, top pendular body One side on be provided with pendulum dial.
The invention also includes structure features some in this way:
1. be additionally provided with the external shell of envelope level rotating part on the bottom plate, external shell by the turntable of side outside Shell a and horizontal turntable shell b composition, and angular display unit, zero button and two-dimentional water are additionally provided in external shell upper end Level.
2. being provided in the gap between pivoted loop and bottom plate, between top pendular body and corresponding upper pendulum supporting block Gap regulating block and gap adjustment screws.
3. being viscous by 3M acrylic adhesive tape between the ceramic ring and pivoted loop, between potsherd and top pendular body Knot is together.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: two axis of the invention based on piezoelectric ceramic motor are without magnetic Electrical turntable is a kind of high accuracy gyroscope test equipment, can provide the rotation of high-precision rate and positioning movement.For testing gyro The projects such as threshold value, resolution ratio, scale factor, hysteresis error, the cross-coupling coefficient of instrument.Two-axis platcform can not introduce outer add Under conditions of magnetic field, by the rotary motion of turntable horizontal direction and the swing of pitch orientation, meets inertial navigation sensors and exist Research and development produce, the demands such as calibration, debugging, inspection in use process.Two axis have without magnetic electrical turntable does not introduce magnetic field, precision The advantages that height, dynamic property is good, and controllability is good.
Piezoelectric ceramic motor of the invention will not introduce complementary field, and piezoelectric ceramic motor minimum step can achieve 10nm, speed adjustable range is extensively to 1 μm/s~250mm/s.Position, velocity and acceleration detection use Reinshaw grating encoder, light Grating system minimum resolution can achieve 0.1 μm, so turntable can achieve very high precision.Turntable can load 2.0Kg's Weight, and the maximum angular acceleration that can be provided is 400 (°)/s2.The use environment of high-precision two-axis platcform is 0~50 DEG C, empty Air humidity degree 0~80%.Two axis are without magnetic electrical turntable mainly by pedestal, piezoelectric ceramic motor, ceramic motor driver, grating encoding The composition such as device, sliding bearing, angle controller.Pedestal of the invention can be leveled, multiple symmetrical cloth of piezoelectric ceramic motor Setting ensures enough driving forces;Sliding bearing has gap adjusting mechanism, can guarantee to turn under the premise of ensuring enough rigidity The precision of platform;Reinshaw grating will not introduce the interference of external magnetic field, and position detection accuracy is very high;Angle controller can be with The each freedom degree of turntable is controlled respectively, has angle digital display, and display precision is 0.01 ';Because bottom revolution is individual pen Rotation, can change the drive characteristic of piezoelectric ceramic motor using conducting slip ring, so conducting slip ring is not used, motor cable and light Grid reading head cable directly walks axial location.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is overall structure diagram of the invention;
Fig. 2 is revolution explosive view in bottom of the invention;
Fig. 3 is pitching explosive view of the invention;
Fig. 4 is full sectional view of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Present invention is further described in detail with specific embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
In conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, the present invention is by handle 1, horizontal rotation part 2, turntable shell a 3, level adjuster 4, zero Button 5, angular display unit 6, horizontal circle 7, pitching part 8, upper pendulum dial 9, turntable shell b 10, two-dimensional level Instrument 11 forms.Wherein, horizontal rotation part 2 by HR2 ceramic motor 12, bottom plate 13, ceramic ring (3M acrylic adhesive tape bonding) 14, Pivoted loop 15, grating reading head bracket 16, grating reading head 17, grating disc 18, upper pendulum matrix 19, dust excluding plate 20, adjusting block pressure The parts such as plate 21, gap adjustment screws 22, gap regulating block 23 composition.Pitching part 8 reads head bracket by rocking grating 24, rocking grating reading head 25, upper pendulum supporting block 26, motor frame 27, HR4 ceramic motor 28, gap adjustment screws 29, gap The parts such as adjusting block 30, T-slot platform 31, top pendular body 32, potsherd 33, pointer 34 composition.
The working principle of the invention is:
There are two handles 1 below turntable, and can hold during haulage equipment prevents from skidding.3 adjustable support legs 4 It is used for regulating device levelness on base 13 by the way that screw rod and nut are fixed.Turntable shell a 3 and turntable shell b 10 pass through Screw is fixed on bottom plate, and shell does purpose into two and is easy for dismantling, after cable arranges and horizontal rotation part 2 After all installation and debugging of pitching part 8, then device housings are installed.The cooperation of pointer 34 is recessed upper pendulum 19 side of matrix In slot, and pointer 34 is pushed down with dust excluding plate 20, pointer 34, which can be observed roughly, horizontally rotates angle.Two-dimensional gradienter 11, angle are aobvious Show that device 6 and zero button 5 are mounted on turntable shell a.Datum level is reserved on base plane, realizes height using two-dimensional gradienter 11 Precision leveling.6 display precision 0.01 ' of angular display unit, duplicate rows show angle of revolution and swing angle.Zero button 6 can make Turntable automatically restores to initial zero position.
In horizontal rotation part 2, ceramic ring 14 is bonded on pivoted loop 15 by 3M acrylic adhesive tape, and drips two drip ring oxygen Base resin directly drives ceramic ring 14 as protection, HR2 ceramic motor 12.Two of ceramic motor front end stir finger in high frequency The movement of high frequency elliptical path is done under the driving of high-tension circuit, is stirred ceramic ring and is moved without travel limit.When ceramic motor is necessary It carves and keeps impaction state, do not allow to be detached from ceramic ring, pretightning force is 105N~140N.Driving of the HR2 ceramic motor at 20 DEG C Power is 7N, is centrosymmetrically arranged using 3 ceramic motors, and the load of radial tightening power can be eliminated by being arranged symmetrically ceramic motor in this way Lotus.Gap regulating block 23 and gap adjustment screws 22 are used cooperatively, and can eliminate the sky between pivoted loop 15 and gap regulating block Gap adjusts the limit that block pressur plate 21 carries out vertical direction to adjusting block to obtain accurately rotary motion.Reinshaw grating Reading head 17 is fixed on grating reading head bracket 16, and sticking type grating scale is attached on 18 periphery of grating disc, grating reading head It can accurately measure the information such as position, the speed, acceleration of rotating part with grating scale, grating reading head and grating scale Gap is 2.2mm, and optical-mechanical system refers to zero-bit equipped with IN-TRAC bi-directional optical.Upper pendulum matrix 19 is connected by screw in grating On disk 18, upper pendulum matrix is for connecting entire pitching part 8.Dust excluding plate 20 is above to put 19 middle cavity of matrix in order to prevent Into dust.
Base is put with upper in horizontal rotation part 3 by upper pendulum 26 load-bearing of supporting block in left and right two, supporting block in pitching part 8 Body 19 connects.Two HR4 ceramic motors 28 being arranged symmetrically are fixed by screws on motor frame 27, and motor frame passes through spiral shell Nail is separately mounted in two upper pendulum supporting blocks 26, and such structure makes the installation of ceramic motor, disassembly more convenient, can be with Reach good maintenanceability energy.By being adapted to gasket in the contact surface of motor frame 27 and upper pendulum supporting block 26, make ceramic electrical The adjusting of the installation accuracy and pretightning force of machine is more easier to guarantee.Ceramic motor 28 is forced with potsherd 33 with certain preload Tightly, it by the way of lateral surface compressing ceramics half-turn, is bonded between potsherd and top pendular body 32 with 3M acrylic adhesive tape.In order to Mitigate the quality that top is swung, top pendular body does lightization processing, processes series of grooves loss of weight.Gap adjustment screws 29 and gap Adjusting block 30 is used cooperatively, and is eliminated the gap between top pendular body 32 and upper pendulum supporting block 26, is swung top and obtain one Preferable rigidity.Pitching pendulum is measured by the grating reading head 25 of the gratings strips and its underpart pasted on 32 cylindrical surface of top pendular body Information, the reading accuracy such as speed, the position of dynamic part can achieve 0.01 '.T-slot platform 31 is fixed on top using screw and swings On body 32, for fixing gyroscope to be tested on table top.
Two axis based on piezoelectric ceramic motor of the invention are to test the projects such as gyroscope according to China without magnetic electrical turntable Actual needs, and made in conjunction with general performance testing index condition, meet following design requirement:
1) turntable can 0~2.0Kg of load quality;
2) turntable table top is manipulated using electronic mode in the horizontal direction, slewing area ± 175 °.Horizontal rotation angle is controllable, Rotating minimum angles is 0.01 ', and error is not more than 0.01 '.The range of speeds -25~25 (°)/s, precision are not less than 0.01 (')/s. Maximum angular acceleration 300 (°)/s2;
3) it is manipulated in pitch orientation using electronic mode, pitch orientation slewing area ± 40 °, the range of speeds -25~25 (°)/s, precision are not less than 0.01 (')/s;
4) turntable can be rotated in a manner of interval-pause, dead time most short 0.1s, and error is not more than 0.05s, dead time Controllably.
A kind of two axis based on piezoelectric ceramic motor without magnetic electrical turntable be mainly used in the mark of gyroscope compared with, debugging, inspection During survey, turntable overall dimensions are as follows: bottom surface is the equilateral triangle that side length is 360mm, and a height of 142mm, turntable total quality is about For 7Kg.Turntable integral layout is divided into two parts: horizontal rotation part and pitching part.
Specific work process of the invention is:
(1) preparation: during moving turntable, do not allow to grab pitching part or its residual strength is relatively low Position, the handle 1 of part under turntable should be held on.After two-axis platcform is placed to experiment place, by adjusting Level tune Foot 4 keeps the air bubble of two-dimensional gradienter 11 in an intermediate position.Gyroscope to be tested is installed on T-slot platform top, top is swung It is about 100N that the static state of ceramic motor, which locks power, so it should be noted that not exceeding locked power during installation gyroscope.Finally Zero button is pressed, horizontal rotation movement and top is swung and returns to 0 ° of position.
(2) horizontal rotation part: three compress pottery about the Nanomotion HR2 ceramic motor 12 being centrosymmetrically arranged Ceramic ring 14, pretightning force are 105N~140N.Two of piezoelectric ceramic motor front end stir finger in the driving of high-frequency high-voltage circuit Under do the movement of high frequency elliptical path, stir ceramic ring and moved without travel limit, ceramic motor arranged direction with horizontally rotate Axis of rotation is vertical.Piezoelectric ceramic motor does not have an introducing in magnetic field, and step pitch minimum can achieve 10nm, speed adjustable range extensively to 1 μm/ S~250mm/s.Gratings strips are pasted on 18 cylindrical surface of grating disc, grating reading head minimum resolution can achieve 0.1 μm, grating The spacing of reading head and grating scale is 2.15~2.45mm.
(3) top swing process: two upper pendulum supporting blocks 26 are fixed on pendulum matrix 19, are used to support entire top pendulum Dynamic weight.Two HR4 ceramic motors 28 are arranged symmetrically in pendulum supporting block, and total driving force reaches 36N.Ceramic motor is mounted on On motor frame 27, in order to Fast Installation, disassembly ceramic motor, and turntable overall precision will not influence.Potsherd 33 is logical It crosses 3M acrylic adhesive tape to be sticked on top pendular body 32, the pretightning force that ceramic motor compresses potsherd is 54N.HR4 piezoelectric ceramics Four of motor front end stir finger and do the movement of high frequency elliptical path under the driving of high-frequency high-voltage circuit, stir ceramic ring fortune Dynamic, ceramic motor arranged direction is parallel with the axis of rotation of pitching.The light that upper pendulum grating reading head 25 issues passes through grating Received again after diffraction reflection, the maximal accuracy that grating head can achieve is 0.1 μm.Grating reading head carries out position, speed Degree, accelerator feedback simultaneously control ceramic motor.
Grating head and ceramic motor cable are arranged in cabling in central through hole, because HR ceramic motor is high-frequency and high-voltage letter Number control, the use of conducting slip ring can change the frequency point of motor itself.Because ± 175 ° of revolution, does not add conducting slip ring energy Enough meet requirement.
To sum up, two axis of the invention based on piezoelectric ceramics can be avoided the magnetic of conventional motor introducing without magnetic electrical turntable Field interference does not have to carry out magnetic prevention and control processing to motor, can be with base with the turntable basic machine for sharing non-ferromagnetic metal material processing Originally accomplish non-magnetic environment.Piezoelectric ceramic motor controllability is good, and control precision is high, and dynamic property is good, and small in size, multiple ceramics Motor is arranged symmetrically the driving force that can reach sufficiently large.This is turned based on the two-axis platcform of piezoelectric ceramic motor in small-sized no magnetic There is apparent advantage in platform field.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of two axis based on piezoelectric ceramic motor are without magnetic electrical turntable, it is characterised in that: including horizontal rotation part and bow Swing part is faced upward, horizontal rotation part includes bottom plate, three level adjusters that three ends of bottom plate are arranged in, is symmetricly set on Three HR2 ceramic motors on bottom plate are arranged in three HR2 ceramic motors outputs and stir ceramic ring and ceramic ring between finger The pivoted loop of adhesion, the grating disc connecting with pivoted loop are provided with revolution grating on one in three HR2 ceramic motors and read Head bracket is counted, revolution grating reading head is provided on grating reading head bracket, and the first grating reading head and grating disc are in same One horizontal position is fixed with pendulum matrix on the grating disc, and grating scale is posted in grating disk upper surface, and upper pendulum matrix side is set It is equipped with the pointer with grating scale cooperation, upper pendulum matrix upper end is provided with dust excluding plate;The pitching part includes and upper pendulum base The upper pendulum supporting block of two of body connection, is arranged at two two HR4 ceramic motors being separately mounted in two upper pendulum supporting blocks The output of HR4 ceramic motor stirs two potsherds between finger, is bonded between two potsherds top pendular body, setting exist T-slot platform on the pendular body of top, the middle position of the grating disc are provided with rocking grating reading head bracket, and rocking grating is read It is provided with rocking grating reading head on number head bracket, the middle position of dust excluding plate is provided with and rocking grating reading head dimensional fits Through-hole, be provided with pendulum dial on the one side of top pendular body.
2. a kind of two axis based on piezoelectric ceramic motor according to claim 1 are without magnetic electrical turntable, it is characterised in that: institute State the external shell that envelope level rotating part is additionally provided on bottom plate, external shell is by the turntable shell a of side and horizontal Turntable shell b composition, and angular display unit, zero button and two-dimensional gradienter are additionally provided in external shell upper end.
3. a kind of two axis based on piezoelectric ceramic motor according to claim 1 or 2 are without magnetic electrical turntable, feature exists In: gap tune is provided in the gap between pivoted loop and bottom plate, between top pendular body and corresponding upper pendulum supporting block Locking nub and gap adjustment screws.
4. a kind of two axis based on piezoelectric ceramic motor according to claim 1 or 2 are without magnetic electrical turntable, feature exists In: between the ceramic ring and pivoted loop, between potsherd and top pendular body be to be bonded in one by 3M acrylic adhesive tape It rises.
5. a kind of two axis based on piezoelectric ceramic motor according to claim 3 are without magnetic electrical turntable, it is characterised in that: institute It states between ceramic ring and pivoted loop, between potsherd and top pendular body be bonded together by 3M acrylic adhesive tape.
CN201610970811.3A 2016-11-07 2016-11-07 A kind of two axis based on piezoelectric ceramic motor are without magnetic electrical turntable Active CN106556413B (en)

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CN117220438A (en) * 2023-11-07 2023-12-12 普达迪泰(成都)智造研究院有限公司 Two-axis high-precision turntable

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