CN106556210A - Compressor is coupled with cryocooler cold head with L-type acoustical match component and refrigeration machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of compressor is coupled with cryocooler cold head with L-type acoustical match component and the refrigeration machine with the component, connected by main line wherein between compressor and cryocooler cold head, the main line is provided with branch road；The L-type acoustical match component includes two acoustic reactances, and one of acoustic reactance is series at main line, and another acoustic reactance is parallel to branch road, cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance is adjusted to compressor outlet acoustic impedance using the L-type acoustical match component.The present invention is by introducing the idle L-type acoustical match network being made up of pure acoustic reactance, it is possible to achieve in Cryo Refrigerator, compressor and cryocooler cold head obtain efficient purpose simultaneously, while refrigeration machine high reliability is ensured, are greatly improved whole mechanism cold efficiency.

Description

Compressor is coupled with cryocooler cold head with L-type acoustical match component and refrigeration machine

Technical field

The invention belongs to Cryo Refrigerator technical field, is specifically related to one kind for Linearkompressor and Cryo Refrigerator The L-type acoustical match component and refrigeration machine of cold head coupling.

Background technology

In recent years, the regenerating type low-temperature refrigerator that Linearkompressor drives, particularly vascular refrigerator, due to its cold end without Moving component, it is expected to really become the long-life Cryo Refrigerator of low cost, low vibration, stable and reliable operation.With vascular system Cold structure is updated, and its cryogenic temperature is constantly reduced, refrigerating capacity and refrigerating efficiency are also greatly improved, in superconductive device It is used widely with the cooling of infrared equipment, and the aspect such as gas liquefaction.

Impedance matching between Linearkompressor and refrigeration machine is most important for overall efficiency is improved, and studies mostly at present Concentrate on and how to adjust compressor or refrigerating device inner parameter to realize matching therebetween, less someone focus on both it Between add extra mating structure to realize.

2002, J.L.Martin proposed sky volume matching method, i.e., connect between compressor and cryocooler cold head (or It is in parallel) void volume.2010, Giessen, Germany university was under study for action by connecting between compressor outlet and cryocooler cold head Connect empty pipe to realize the reduction of compressor operating frequency, its essence be exactly make use of the empty volume in pipe solve compressor with Matching relationship between cryocooler cold head.2013, the have studied high-power pulse tube cryocooler cold head of Chinese Academy of Sciences's physics and chemistry with it is linear The impact of void volume matching between compressor, it is found that there is optimum void volume causes compressor efficiency highest.Zhejiang University then leads to Cross the impact that Sage models calculate void volume between compressor and vascular refrigerator cold head.

As shown in fig. 7, for the structural representation and its equivalent circuit of the refrigeration machine of existing employing void volume matching process Figure；When Fig. 8 is using void volume matching process, impact schematic diagram of the void volume to impedance.Using the system of void volume matching process Cold meets equation below：

Wherein Z_inFor refrigeration machine direct impedance, X is the equivalent capacitive reactance of empty volume, Z_outFor the impedance of compressor outlet junction.By Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 and above-mentioned analysis understand that void volume matching process can only change impedance along specific circuit, that is, be only capable of realizing on line Adjustment, it is impossible to realize regulation from initial impedance point to other any one impedance points, i.e., cannot realize the adjustment on face, this Limit the further raising of compressor efficiency.

The content of the invention

The invention provides a kind of compressor is coupled with cryocooler cold head with L-type acoustical match component, it is idle by introducing The pure acoustic reactance part (such as pure acoustic capacitance air reservoir, pure phonoreception inertia tube) of consumption, on the premise of system power dissipation is not increased, can be by refrigeration machine Cold head entrance acoustic impedance (R_in+jX_in) adjust to compressor outlet acoustic impedance (R_out+jX_out), realize cryocooler cold head with compression The respective Effec-tive Function of both machines, so that whole system obtains peak efficiency.

The present invention also provides a kind of refrigeration machine with above-mentioned L-type acoustical match component.

A kind of L-type acoustical match component coupled with Cryo Refrigerator cold head for compressor, wherein compressor and refrigeration Connected by main line between machine cold head, the main line is provided with branch road；The L-type acoustical match component includes L-shaped connection Two acoustic reactances, one of acoustic reactance are series at main line, and another acoustic reactance is parallel to branch road, using the L-type acoustical match component Cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance is adjusted to compressor outlet acoustic impedance.

The L-type acoustical match component of the present invention is particularly suited for the Cryo Refrigerator system driven by Linearkompressor.

In the present invention, the acoustic reactance of L-shaped connection can be acoustic capacitance or phonoreception, acoustic capacitance and (or) phonoreception wherein acoustic capacitance and refrigeration , in being connected in parallel, phonoreception is then with cryocooler cold head is in (being connected to branch road) in parallel or series connection (being connected to main line) is connected for machine cold head.

Different from phonoreception link position according to acoustic capacitance in L-type acoustical match component, which can be divided into four kinds：

Scheme (one)：It is connected to the acoustic capacitance of cryocooler cold head inlet branch and is connected to thereafter compressor outlet main line Phonoreception；

Scheme (two)：It is connected to the phonoreception on cryocooler cold head entrance main line and is connected to thereafter compressor outlet branch road Acoustic capacitance；

Scheme (three)：It is connected to the phonoreception being sequentially connected of cryocooler cold head inlet branch, acoustic capacitance and is connected to thereafter The phonoreception on compressor outlet main line.Here the ground connection that the acoustic capacitance of branch road is equivalent in circuit is connected to, for building parallel branch；

Scheme (four)：It is connected to the phonoreception on cryocooler cold head entrance main line and is connected to thereafter compressor outlet branch road The phonoreception that is sequentially connected, acoustic capacitance.Here the ground connection that the acoustic capacitance of branch road is equivalent in circuit is connected to, for building parallel branch.

Preferably, acoustical match component need to realize compressor and Cryo Refrigerator cold head while obtaining efficient.For pressure Contracting machine and Cryo Refrigerator cold head, the two is respectively present optimized operation impedance, and wherein compressor outlet acoustic impedance is Z_out=R_out+ jX_out, cryocooler cold head acoustic impedance is Z_in=R_in+jX_in。

For scheme (one), preferably, acoustic capacitance C meets following relational expression with phonoreception L：

Solution obtains acoustic capacitance C：

In above formula：ω is angular frequency, R_inFor cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance real part, X_inFor refrigeration machine entrance acoustic impedance Imaginary part, R_outFor compressor outlet acoustic impedance real part, X_outFor compressor outlet acoustic impedance imaginary part.

For scheme (two), preferably, acoustic capacitance C meets following relational expression with phonoreception L：

Solution obtains acoustic capacitance C：

For scheme (three), preferably, phonoreception L₁With phonoreception L₂Meet following relational expression：

Solution obtains phonoreception L₁With phonoreception L₂For：

For scheme (four), preferably, phonoreception L₁Phonoreception L₂Meet following relational expression：

Solution obtains phonoreception L₁With phonoreception L₂For：

A kind of Linearkompressor comprising L-type acoustical match network drives Cryo Refrigerator, comprising Linearkompressor and The L-type acoustical match component that is sequentially connected with compressor outlet, Cryo Refrigerator cold head, wherein the L-type acoustical match component Structure described in any of the above-described technical scheme.

Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in：

The present invention is by introducing the idle L-type acoustical match component being made up of pure acoustic reactance, it is possible to achieve Cryo Refrigerator Middle compressor and cryocooler cold head obtain efficient purpose simultaneously, while refrigeration machine high reliability is ensured, are greatly improved Whole mechanism cold efficiency.Compared to existing empty volume matching process, L-type acoustical match component it is wider to the range of accommodation of impedance (by Circuit is adjusted and extends to face regulation), substantially increase the motility of cryocooler design.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the Cryo Refrigerator structure that the Linearkompressor comprising L-type acoustical match networking component of the present invention drives Schematic diagram；

Fig. 1 a are the structural representations of L-type acoustical match networking component in refrigeration machine shown in Fig. 1；

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of second L-type acoustical match networking component in the present invention；

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the third L-type acoustical match networking component in the present invention；

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the 4th kind of L-type acoustical match networking component in the present invention；

Fig. 5 is the equivalent circuit diagram of the first L-type acoustical match networking component；

Fig. 6 is impact of the L-type acoustical match networking component to compressor efficiency, i.e. Linearkompressor impedance-efficiency cloud atlas；

Fig. 7 is the structural representation and its equivalent circuit diagram of the refrigeration machine of existing employing void volume matching process；

When Fig. 8 is using void volume matching process, the schematic diagram of impact of the void volume to impedance.

Wherein：1 is acoustic capacitance, 2 is phonoreception, 2a is the first phonoreception, 2b is the second phonoreception, 3 is compressor, 4 is L-type acoustics Distribution assembly, 5 are Cryo Refrigerator cold head.

Specific embodiment

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：

As shown in figure 1, the Cryo Refrigerator that a kind of Linearkompressor comprising L-type acoustical match networking component drives, bag Containing Linearkompressor 3, and with the L-type acoustical match networking component 4, Cryo Refrigerator that is sequentially connected of outlet of Linearkompressor 3 Cold head 5, L-type acoustical match networking component 4 are made up of at least two acoustic reactances of L-shaped connection, and in the present invention, acoustic reactance mainly includes Acoustic capacitance or phonoreception etc..

It is as shown in Fig. 1 a～Fig. 4, different from phonoreception link position according to acoustic capacitance in L-type acoustical match networking component, its Four kinds can be divided into：

As shown in Figure 1a, scheme (one)：Acoustic capacitance 1 is connected to 5 inlet branch of Cryo Refrigerator cold head, constitutes parallel branch； Phonoreception 2 is connected to the outlet of Linearkompressor 3 main line, is connected in series；

As shown in Fig. 2 scheme (two)：Phonoreception 2 is connected to 5 entrance main line of Cryo Refrigerator cold head, forms series model；Sound Hold 1 and be connected to the outlet branch road of Linearkompressor 3, constitute paralleling model；

As shown in figure 3, scheme (three)：Acoustic capacitance 1 and the first phonoreception 2a are connected to 5 inlet branch of Cryo Refrigerator cold head, Composition is connected in parallel；Second phonoreception 2b is connected to the outlet of Linearkompressor 3 main line, and composition is connected in series.Here it is connected to branch road Acoustic capacitance 1 be equivalent to the ground connection in circuit, be the first phonoreception 2a realize be connected in parallel, do not have tangible adjustment effect.

As shown in figure 4, scheme (four)：First phonoreception 2a is connected to 5 entrance main line of Cryo Refrigerator cold head, constitutes series connection and connects Connect；Acoustic capacitance 1 and the second phonoreception 2b are connected to the outlet branch road of Linearkompressor 3, form parallel branch.Here it is connected to branch road Acoustic capacitance 1 is equivalent to the ground connection in circuit, is that the second phonoreception 2b is realized being connected in parallel, does not have tangible adjustment effect.

In the present invention, acoustical match networking component need to realize compressor and Cryo Refrigerator cold head while obtaining efficient.It is right In compressor and Cryo Refrigerator cold head, the two is respectively present optimized operation impedance, and wherein compressor outlet acoustic impedance is Z_out= R_out+jX_out, cryocooler cold head acoustic impedance is Z_in=R_in+jX_in。

For scheme (one), acoustic capacitance C of acoustic capacitance 1 meets following relational expression with phonoreception L of phonoreception 2：

For plural equation, need to meet real part and imaginary part difference is equal, thus solve acoustic capacitance C and sound for obtaining acoustic capacitance 1 Sense 2 phonoreception L be：

For scheme (two), acoustic capacitance C of acoustic capacitance 1 meets following relational expression with phonoreception L of phonoreception 2：

In the same manner, solve and obtain acoustic capacitance C and with phonoreception L be：

It is above-mentioned it is each in：ω is angular frequency (the i.e. angular frequency of the angular frequency of compressor operating, and whole system internal oscillator Rate), R_inFor cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance real part, X_inFor refrigeration machine entrance acoustic impedance imaginary part, R_outFor compressor outlet sound Impedance real part, X_outFor compressor outlet acoustic impedance imaginary part, acoustic capacitances of the C for acoustic capacitance 1, phonoreceptions of the L for phonoreception 2.

For scheme (three), phonoreception L of the first phonoreception 2a₁With phonoreception L of the second phonoreception 2b₂Meet following relational expression：

Solution obtains phonoreception L₁With phonoreception L₂For：

For scheme (four), phonoreception L of the first phonoreception 2a₁With phonoreception L of the second phonoreception 2b₂, meet following relational expression：

Solution obtains phonoreception L₁With phonoreception L₂For：

In the present invention, acoustic capacitance 1 can be realized by void volume air reservoir, and phonoreception 2, the second phonoreception 2a, the second phonoreception 2b can be by being used to Property pipe is realizing.

Be further described by taking scheme () as an example, be compressor to be met with cryocooler cold head while obtaining high efficiency, Acoustic capacitance 1 and phonoreception 2 need appropriate selection.Known compressor outlet acoustic impedance is Z_out=R_out+jX_out, cryocooler cold head acoustic impedance For Z_in=R_in+jX_in.The L-type acoustical match network equivalent circuit diagram according to Fig. 5, acoustic capacitance C meet following relation with phonoreception L Formula：

Can try to achieve, acoustic capacitance C is chosen according to the following formula with phonoreception L：

In above formula：ω is angular frequency, R_inFor cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance real part, X_inFor refrigeration machine entrance acoustic impedance Imaginary part, R_outFor compressor outlet acoustic impedance real part, X_outFor compressor outlet acoustic impedance imaginary part.

By taking Fig. 6 as an example, Fig. 6 show certain Linearkompressor impedance-efficiency cloud atlas, and abscissa is acoustic impedance real part, indulges and sits It is designated as acoustic impedance imaginary part.Assume that certain cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance falls A points [Z shown in the figure_in=(2.5 × 10⁸-2× 10⁸j)Pa·s/m³], and compressor peak efficiency for acoustic impedance be B point [Z_out=(7 × 10⁷-1×10⁸j)Pa·s/ m³], now L-type acoustical match network need to be adjusted the acoustic impedance that cryocooler cold head is located at A points to B points, then compressor and refrigeration Machine cold head can obtain high efficiency simultaneously.A points are substituted into into above-mentioned formula with B points acoustic impedance, can be obtained：

C=9.1 × 10^-12m³/Pa；

L=9.7 × 10⁵kg/m⁴。

According to the acoustic capacitance formula of void volume air reservoir：

Wherein V be air reservoir void volume, γ be working medium adiabatic exponent, p₀For system average pressure.Here it is work to choose helium Matter, then γ=1.667, choose average pressure p₀=2.0MPa, then be calculated air reservoir volume and be about V=30cm³。

According to inertia tube phonoreception formula：

Wherein l be pipe range, R be Working medium gas constant (helium R=2078.5), T be ambient temperature (taking 300K here), A For inertia tube sectional area.Assume that inertia bore elects 3mm as, then can be calculated required pipe range l and be about 2.13m.

As seen from Figure 6, before adding L-type acoustical match network, A points compressor efficiency is 64%, adds appropriate L-type After acoustical match network, B points compressor efficiency up to more than 78%.

Scheme (two), scheme (three), scheme (four) embodiment it is similar with scheme one, belong to the present invention protection model Enclose.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of compressor is coupled with cryocooler cold head and uses L-type acoustical match component, wherein between compressor and cryocooler cold head Connected by main line, it is characterised in that：The main line is provided with branch road；The L-type acoustical match component includes two acoustic reactances, its In an acoustic reactance be series at main line, another acoustic reactance is parallel to branch road, using the L-type acoustical match component by cryocooler cold head Entrance acoustic impedance adjusts to needed for compressor outlet acoustic impedance.

2. compressor according to claim 1 is coupled with cryocooler cold head with L-type acoustical match component, it is characterised in that： Described two acoustic reactances are respectively an acoustic capacitance and a phonoreception, and the acoustic capacitance is connected on cryocooler cold head inlet branch, described Phonoreception is connected to compressor outlet main line.

3. compressor according to claim 2 is coupled with cryocooler cold head with L-type acoustical match component, it is characterised in that： Phonoreception L of acoustic capacitance C of the acoustic capacitance and the phonoreception is respectively：

$C=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\ω}}\frac{X_{in}\±\sqrt{R_{in}/R_{out}(R_{in}^2+X_{in}^2)-R_{in}^2}}{R_{in}^2+X_{in}^2}$

$L=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\ω}}\[\frac{1}{\mathrm{\ω}C}-\frac{R_{out}(1-{\mathrm{\ωCX}}_{in})}{{\mathrm{\ωCX}}_{in}}+X_{out}\]$

In above formula：ω is angular frequency, R_inFor cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance real part, X_inIt is empty for cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance Portion, R_outFor compressor outlet acoustic impedance real part, X_outFor compressor outlet acoustic impedance imaginary part.

4. compressor according to claim 1 is coupled with cryocooler cold head with L-type acoustical match component, it is characterised in that： Described two acoustic reactances are respectively an acoustic capacitance and a phonoreception, and the phonoreception is connected to cryocooler cold head entrance main line, the sound Appearance is connected to compressor outlet branch road.

5. compressor according to claim 4 is coupled with cryocooler cold head with L-type acoustical match component, it is characterised in that： Phonoreception L of acoustic capacitance C of the acoustic capacitance and the phonoreception is respectively：

$C=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\ω}}\{\frac{(X_{in}+\mathrm{\ω}L)}{\[R_{in}^2+{(X_{in}+\mathrm{\ω}L)}^2\]}-\frac{X_{out}}{(R_{out}^2+X_{out}^2)}\}$

$L=\frac{-X_{in}\±\sqrt{1/R_{out}\[R_{in}(R_{out}^2+X_{out}^2)\]-R_{in}^2}}{\mathrm{\ω}}$

In above formula：ω is angular frequency, R_inFor cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance real part, X_inIt is empty for cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance Portion, R_outFor compressor outlet acoustic impedance real part, X_outFor compressor outlet acoustic impedance imaginary part.

6. compressor according to claim 1 is coupled with cryocooler cold head with L-type acoustical match component, it is characterised in that： Described two acoustic reactances are two phonoreceptions, respectively the first phonoreception and the second phonoreception, also including an acoustic capacitance；First phonoreception connects Cryocooler cold head inlet branch is connected to, the branch road one end is connected with main line, the other end connects the acoustic capacitance；Second phonoreception connects It is connected to compressor outlet main line.

7. compressor according to claim 6 is coupled with cryocooler cold head with L-type acoustical match component, it is characterised in that： Phonoreception L of first phonoreception₁With phonoreception L of the second phonoreception₂Respectively：

$L_2=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\ω}}\[-{\mathrm{\ωL}}_1+\frac{{\mathrm{\ωL}}_1{R}_{out}(1+1/{\mathrm{\ωL}}_1{X}_{in})}{X_{in}}+X_{out}\]$

In above formula：ω is angular frequency, R_inFor cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance real part, X_inIt is empty for cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance Portion, R_outFor compressor outlet acoustic impedance real part, X_outFor compressor outlet acoustic impedance imaginary part.

8. compressor according to claim 1 is coupled with cryocooler cold head with L-type acoustical match component, it is characterised in that： Described two acoustic reactances are two phonoreceptions, respectively the first phonoreception and the second phonoreception, also including an acoustic capacitance；First phonoreception connects Cryocooler cold head entrance main line is connected to, second phonoreception is connected to compressor outlet branch road, and the branch road one end is connected with main line, The other end connects the acoustic capacitance.

9. compressor according to claim 8 is coupled with cryocooler cold head with L-type acoustical match component, it is characterised in that： Phonoreception L of first phonoreception₁With phonoreception L of the second phonoreception₂Respectively：

$L_1=\frac{-X_{in}\±\sqrt{1/R_{out}\[R_{in}(R_{out}^2+X_{out}^2)\]-R_{in}^2}}{\mathrm{\ω}}$

$L_2=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\ω}}\frac{\[R_{in}^2+{(X_{in}+{\mathrm{\ωL}}_1)}^2\](R_{out}^2+X_{out}^2)}{X_{out}\[R_{in}^2+{(X_{in}+{\mathrm{\ωL}}_1)}^2\]-(X_{in}+{\mathrm{\ωL}}_1)(R_{out}^2+X_{out}^2)}$

In above formula：ω is angular frequency, R_inFor cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance real part, X_inIt is empty for cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance Portion, R_outFor compressor outlet acoustic impedance real part, X_outFor compressor outlet acoustic impedance imaginary part.

10. a kind of refrigeration machine, including compressor and cryocooler cold head, it is characterised in that the compressor and cryocooler cold head it Between the compressor that is provided with described in any one of claim 1～9 couple with cryocooler cold head with L-type acoustical match component.