Compressor is coupled with cryocooler cold head with L-type acoustical match component and refrigeration machine
Technical field
The invention belongs to Cryo Refrigerator technical fields, are specifically related to a kind of for Linearkompressor and Cryo Refrigerator
The L-type acoustical match component and refrigeration machine of cold head coupling.
Background technique
In recent years, the regenerating type low-temperature refrigerator of Linearkompressor driving, especially vascular refrigerator, due to its cold end without
Moving component, it is expected to really as low cost, low vibration, stable and reliable operation long-life Cryo Refrigerator.With vascular system
Cold structure is continuously improved, and cryogenic temperature constantly reduces, and refrigerating capacity and refrigerating efficiency also greatly improve, in superconductive device
Cooling and gas liquefaction with infrared equipment etc. are used widely.
Impedance matching between Linearkompressor and refrigeration machine is most important for improving overall efficiency, at present research mostly
It concentrates on and how to adjust compressor or refrigerating device inner parameter to realize matching between the two, less someone focuses on the two
Between additional mating structure is added to realize.
2002, J.L.Martin proposed sky volume matching method, i.e., connect between compressor and cryocooler cold head (or
It is in parallel) void volume.2010, Giessen, Germany university between compressor outlet and cryocooler cold head under study for action by connecting
Empty pipe is connect to realize the reduction of compressor operating frequency, essence be exactly the empty volume being utilized in pipe solve compressor with
Matching relationship between cryocooler cold head.2013, physical and chemical the had studied high-power pulse tube cryocooler cold head of the Chinese Academy of Sciences with linearly
The matched influence of void volume between compressor, there are optimal void volumes to make compressor efficiency highest for discovery.Zhejiang University then leads to
Cross the influence that Sage model calculates void volume between compressor and vascular refrigerator cold head.
As shown in fig. 7, being the structural schematic diagram and its equivalent circuit of the existing refrigeration machine using void volume matching process
Figure;When Fig. 8 is using void volume matching process, influence schematic diagram of the void volume to impedance.Using the system of void volume matching process
Cold meets following equation:
Wherein ZinFor refrigeration machine direct impedance, X is the equivalent capacitive reactance of empty volume, ZoutFor the impedance of compressor outlet junction.By
Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 and above-mentioned analysis are it is found that void volume matching process can only be only able to achieve on line along specific circuit change impedance
Adjustment, cannot achieve the adjusting from initial impedance point to an any other impedance point, that is, cannot achieve the adjustment on face, this
Limit further increasing for compressor efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of compressors to couple with cryocooler cold head with L-type acoustical match component, idle by introducing
The pure acoustic reactance component (such as pure acoustic capacitance air reservoir, pure phonoreception inertia tube) of consumption, can be by refrigeration machine under the premise of not increasing system power dissipation
Cold head entrance acoustic impedance (Rin+jXin) it is adjusted to compressor outlet acoustic impedance (Rout+jXout), realize cryocooler cold head and compression
The respective efficient operation of both machines, so that whole system be made to obtain peak efficiency.
The present invention also provides a kind of refrigeration machines with above-mentioned L-type acoustical match component.
A kind of L-type acoustical match component coupled for compressor with Cryo Refrigerator cold head, wherein compressor and refrigeration
It is connected between machine cold head by main line, the main line is equipped with branch;The L-type acoustical match component includes L-shaped connection
Two acoustic reactances, one of acoustic reactance are series at main line, another acoustic reactance is parallel to branch, utilize the L-type acoustical match component
Cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance is adjusted to compressor outlet acoustic impedance.
L-type acoustical match component of the invention is particularly suitable for the Cryo Refrigerator system driven by Linearkompressor.
In the present invention, the acoustic reactance of L-shaped connection can be acoustic capacitance or phonoreception, acoustic capacitance and (or) phonoreception wherein acoustic capacitance and refrigeration
For machine cold head in being connected in parallel, phonoreception is then in that (being connected to branch) in parallel or series connection (being connected to main line) are connect with cryocooler cold head.
According to the difference of acoustic capacitance and phonoreception link position in L-type acoustical match component, four kinds can be divided into:
Scheme (one): being connected to the acoustic capacitance of cryocooler cold head inlet branch and is connected to compressor outlet main line thereafter
Phonoreception;
Scheme (two): being connected to the phonoreception on cryocooler cold head entrance main line and is connected to compressor outlet branch thereafter
Acoustic capacitance;
Scheme (three): the sequentially connected phonoreception of cryocooler cold head inlet branch, acoustic capacitance are connected to and is connected to thereafter
The phonoreception on compressor outlet main line.Here the acoustic capacitance for being connected to branch is equivalent to ground connection in circuit, for constructing parallel branch;
Scheme (four): being connected to the phonoreception on cryocooler cold head entrance main line and is connected to compressor outlet branch thereafter
Sequentially connected phonoreception, acoustic capacitance.Here the acoustic capacitance for being connected to branch is equivalent to ground connection in circuit, for constructing parallel branch.
Preferably, acoustical match component need to realize compressor and Cryo Refrigerator cold head while obtain efficient.For pressure
Contracting machine and Cryo Refrigerator cold head, the two are respectively present optimized operation impedance, and wherein compressor outlet acoustic impedance is Zout=Rout+
jXout, cryocooler cold head acoustic impedance is Zin=Rin+jXin。
For scheme (one), preferably, acoustic capacitance C and phonoreception L meet following relational expression:
Solution obtains acoustic capacitance C and phonoreception L are as follows:
In above formula: ω is angular frequency, RinFor cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance real part, XinFor refrigeration machine entrance acoustic impedance
Imaginary part, RoutFor compressor outlet acoustic impedance real part, XoutFor compressor outlet acoustic impedance imaginary part.
For scheme (two), preferably, acoustic capacitance C and phonoreception L meet following relational expression:
Solution obtains acoustic capacitance C and phonoreception L are as follows:
For scheme (three), preferably, phonoreception L1With phonoreception L2Meet following relational expression:
Solution obtains phonoreception L1With phonoreception L2Are as follows:
For scheme (four), preferably, phonoreception L1Phonoreception L2Meet following relational expression:
Solution obtains phonoreception L1With phonoreception L2Are as follows:
A kind of Linearkompressor comprising L-type acoustical match network drives Cryo Refrigerator, comprising Linearkompressor and
With the sequentially connected L-type acoustical match component of compressor outlet, Cryo Refrigerator cold head, wherein the L-type acoustical match component
For structure described in any of the above-described technical solution.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in:
Cryo Refrigerator may be implemented by introducing the idle L-type acoustical match component being made of pure acoustic reactance in the present invention
Middle compressor and cryocooler cold head obtain efficient purpose simultaneously, while guaranteeing refrigeration machine high reliability, are greatly improved
Complete machine refrigerating efficiency.Compared to existing empty volume matching process, L-type acoustical match component it is wider to the adjustable range of impedance (by
Route adjusting extends to face adjusting), substantially increase the flexibility of cryocooler design.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the Cryo Refrigerator structure of the Linearkompressor driving comprising L-type acoustical match networking component of the invention
Schematic diagram;
Fig. 1 a is the structural schematic diagram of L-type acoustical match networking component in refrigeration machine shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of second of L-type acoustical match networking component in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the third L-type acoustical match networking component in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the 4th kind of L-type acoustical match networking component in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the equivalent circuit diagram of the first L-type acoustical match networking component;
Fig. 6 is influence of the L-type acoustical match networking component to compressor efficiency, i.e. Linearkompressor impedance-efficiency cloud atlas;
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram and its equivalent circuit diagram of the existing refrigeration machine using void volume matching process;
When Fig. 8 is using void volume matching process, the schematic diagram of influence of the void volume to impedance.
Wherein: 1 be acoustic capacitance, 2 be phonoreception, 2a is the first phonoreception, 2b is the second phonoreception, 3 is compressor, 4 is L-type acoustics
Distribution assembly, 5 are Cryo Refrigerator cold head.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of Cryo Refrigerator of the Linearkompressor driving comprising L-type acoustical match networking component, packet
Sequentially connected L-type acoustical match networking component 4, Cryo Refrigerator are exported containing Linearkompressor 3 and with Linearkompressor 3
Cold head 5, L-type acoustical match networking component 4 are made of at least two acoustic reactances of L-shaped connection, and in the present invention, acoustic reactance mainly includes
Acoustic capacitance or phonoreception etc..
As shown in Fig. 1 a~Fig. 4, according to the difference of acoustic capacitance and phonoreception link position in L-type acoustical match networking component,
Four kinds can be divided into:
As shown in Figure 1a, scheme (one): acoustic capacitance 1 is connected to 5 inlet branch of Cryo Refrigerator cold head, constitutes parallel branch;
Phonoreception 2 is connected to Linearkompressor 3 and exports main line, is connected in series;
As shown in Fig. 2, scheme (two): phonoreception 2 is connected to 5 entrance main line of Cryo Refrigerator cold head, forms series model;Sound
Hold 1 and be connected to 3 export branch road of Linearkompressor, constitutes paralleling model;
As shown in figure 3, scheme (three): acoustic capacitance 1 and the first phonoreception 2a are connected to 5 inlet branch of Cryo Refrigerator cold head,
Composition is connected in parallel;Second phonoreception 2b is connected to Linearkompressor 3 and exports main line, constitutes and is connected in series.Here it is connected to branch
Acoustic capacitance 1 be equivalent to the ground connection in circuit, for the first phonoreception 2a realization be connected in parallel, do not have tangible adjustment effect.
As shown in figure 4, scheme (four): the first phonoreception 2a is connected to 5 entrance main line of Cryo Refrigerator cold head, constitutes series connection and connects
It connects;Acoustic capacitance 1 and the second phonoreception 2b are connected to 3 export branch road of Linearkompressor, form parallel branch.Here it is connected to branch
Acoustic capacitance 1 is equivalent to the ground connection in circuit, is connected in parallel for the second phonoreception 2b realization, does not have tangible adjustment effect.
In the present invention, acoustical match networking component need to realize compressor and Cryo Refrigerator cold head while obtain efficient.It is right
In compressor and Cryo Refrigerator cold head, the two is respectively present optimized operation impedance, and wherein compressor outlet acoustic impedance is Zout=
Rout+jXout, cryocooler cold head acoustic impedance is Zin=Rin+jXin。
For scheme (one), the acoustic capacitance C of acoustic capacitance 1 and the phonoreception L of phonoreception 2 meet following relational expression:
For plural equation, need to meet real and imaginary parts difference it is equal, thus solve obtain the acoustic capacitance C and sound of acoustic capacitance 1
The phonoreception L of sense 2 are as follows:
For scheme (two), the acoustic capacitance C of acoustic capacitance 1 and the phonoreception L of phonoreception 2 meet following relational expression:
Similarly, it solves and obtains acoustic capacitance C and phonoreception L are as follows:
It is above-mentioned it is each in: ω be angular frequency (i.e. compressor operation angular frequency and whole system internal oscillator angular frequency
Rate), RinFor cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance real part, XinFor refrigeration machine entrance acoustic impedance imaginary part, RoutFor compressor outlet sound
Impedance real part, XoutFor compressor outlet acoustic impedance imaginary part, C is the acoustic capacitance of acoustic capacitance 1, and L is the phonoreception of phonoreception 2.
For scheme (three), the phonoreception L of the first phonoreception 2a1With the phonoreception L of the second phonoreception 2b2Meet following relational expression:
Solution obtains phonoreception L1With phonoreception L2Are as follows:
For scheme (four), the phonoreception L of the first phonoreception 2a1With the phonoreception L of the second phonoreception 2b2, meet following relational expression:
Solution obtains phonoreception L1With phonoreception L2Are as follows:
In the present invention, acoustic capacitance 1 can be realized by void volume air reservoir, and phonoreception 2, the second phonoreception 2a, the second phonoreception 2b can be by being used to
Property pipe is realized.
It is further described by taking scheme (one) as an example, obtains high efficiency simultaneously to meet compressor and cryocooler cold head,
Acoustic capacitance 1 and phonoreception 2 need suitably to choose.Known compressor outlet acoustic impedance is Zout=Rout+jXout, cryocooler cold head acoustic impedance
For Zin=Rin+jXin.L-type acoustical match network equivalent circuit diagram according to Fig.5, acoustic capacitance C and phonoreception L meet following relationship
Formula:
It can acquire, acoustic capacitance C chooses according to the following formula with phonoreception L:
In above formula: ω is angular frequency, RinFor cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance real part, XinFor refrigeration machine entrance acoustic impedance
Imaginary part, RoutFor compressor outlet acoustic impedance real part, XoutFor compressor outlet acoustic impedance imaginary part.
By taking Fig. 6 as an example, Fig. 6 show certain Linearkompressor impedance-efficiency cloud atlas, and abscissa is acoustic impedance real part, indulges and sits
It is designated as acoustic impedance imaginary part.Assuming that certain cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance falls in A point [Z as shown in the figurein=(2.5 × 108-2×
108j)Pa·s/m3], and compressor peak efficiency for acoustic impedance be B point [Zout=(7 × 107-1×108j)Pa·s/
m3], the acoustic impedance that cryocooler cold head is located at A point need to be adjusted to B point by L-type acoustical match network at this time, then compressor and refrigeration
Machine cold head can obtain high efficiency simultaneously.A point and B point acoustic impedance are substituted into above-mentioned formula, can be obtained:
C=9.1 × 10-12m3/Pa;
L=9.7 × 105kg/m4。
According to the acoustic capacitance formula of void volume air reservoir:
Wherein V is air reservoir void volume, and γ is working medium adiabatic exponent, p0For system average pressure.Here choosing helium is work
Matter, then γ=1.667, choose average pressure p0=2.0MPa, then it is about V=30cm that air reservoir volume, which is calculated,3。
According to inertia tube phonoreception formula:
Wherein l is pipe range, and R is Working medium gas constant (helium R=2078.5), and T is environment temperature (taking 300K here), A
For inertia tube sectional area.Assuming that inertia bore is selected as 3mm, then it is about 2.13m that required pipe range l, which can be calculated,.
As seen from Figure 6, it is added before L-type acoustical match network, A point compressor efficiency is 64%, and L-type appropriate is added
After acoustical match network, B point compressor efficiency is up to 78% or more.
Scheme (two), scheme (three), the embodiment of scheme (four) are similar with scheme one, belong to protection model of the invention
It encloses.