CN106555727B - An ocean wave energy piezoelectric generator and its working method - Google Patents

An ocean wave energy piezoelectric generator and its working method Download PDF

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CN106555727B
CN106555727B CN201611050673.3A CN201611050673A CN106555727B CN 106555727 B CN106555727 B CN 106555727B CN 201611050673 A CN201611050673 A CN 201611050673A CN 106555727 B CN106555727 B CN 106555727B
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connecting rod
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CN106555727A (en
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郭宏志
王亮
金家楣
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
    • H02N2/186Vibration harvesters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20Hydro energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种海洋波浪能压电发电装置及其工作方式,海洋波浪能压电发电装置包含浮子、配重装置和连接杆。所述的浮子的内部设置了压电发电装置,所述压电发电装置通过弹性梁的端部与球形浮子的内壁连接,若干压电陶瓷片设置在弹性梁的上下表面,所述连接杆的上端通过密封装置与压电发电装置的弹性梁连接,所述连接杆的下端与所述配重装置固定。工作时,浮子、配重装置和连接杆构成了二自由度谐振系统,在海洋波浪的激励下产生相对运动,通过压电发电装置的周期性振动将机械能转换为电能输出。本发明充分利用了海洋的波浪能进行压电发电,具有结构简单紧凑,便于安装实施的特点,有利于推广应用。

Figure 201611050673

The invention discloses an ocean wave energy piezoelectric generating device and its working mode. The ocean wave energy piezoelectric generating device comprises a float, a counterweight device and a connecting rod. The inside of the float is provided with a piezoelectric power generation device, the piezoelectric power generation device is connected with the inner wall of the spherical float through the end of the elastic beam, a number of piezoelectric ceramic sheets are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the elastic beam, and the connecting rod The upper end is connected with the elastic beam of the piezoelectric generating device through the sealing device, and the lower end of the connecting rod is fixed with the counterweight device. When working, the float, the counterweight device and the connecting rod form a two-degree-of-freedom resonance system, which generates relative motion under the excitation of ocean waves, and converts mechanical energy into electrical energy output through the periodic vibration of the piezoelectric generator. The invention makes full use of ocean wave energy for piezoelectric power generation, has the characteristics of simple and compact structure, easy installation and implementation, and is favorable for popularization and application.

Figure 201611050673

Description

一种海洋波浪能压电发电装置及其工作方式An ocean wave energy piezoelectric generator and its working method

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种海洋波浪能发电装置,尤其涉及一种海洋波浪能压电发电装置及其工作方式。The invention relates to an ocean wave energy power generation device, in particular to an ocean wave energy piezoelectric power generation device and a working method thereof.

背景技术Background technique

海洋波浪能作为一种重要的海洋能源,具有重大的开发和利用价值。随着现代科技的快速发展,各种利用海洋波浪能的方式被提出。主要包含浮漂式发电方式、振荡水柱式发电方式和摆式波浪发电方式。而传统的浮漂式发电方式多采用复杂的浮漂和发电机构,同时发电机理复杂,能量利用率低。As an important marine energy, ocean wave energy has great development and utilization value. With the rapid development of modern technology, various ways to utilize ocean wave energy have been proposed. It mainly includes floating power generation, oscillating water column power generation and pendulum wave power generation. The traditional floating power generation methods mostly use complex floating and power generation mechanisms, and at the same time, the power generation mechanism is complex and the energy utilization rate is low.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对背景技术中所涉及到的缺陷,提供一种海洋波浪能压电发电装置及其工作方式。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an ocean wave energy piezoelectric power generation device and its working mode in view of the defects involved in the background technology.

本发明为解决上述技术问题采用以下技术方案:The present invention adopts the following technical solutions for solving the above-mentioned technical problems:

一种海洋波浪能压电发电装置,包含浮子、配重装置和连接杆;An ocean wave energy piezoelectric power generation device, comprising a float, a counterweight device and a connecting rod;

所述浮子设有密封空腔,所述空腔中设有压电发电装置;The float is provided with a sealed cavity, and a piezoelectric generator is arranged in the cavity;

所述连接杆包含上连接杆、下连接杆和弹性装置,所述上连接杆一端通过所述弹性装置和所述下连接杆的一端相连,另一端伸入所述浮子和所述压电发电装置固定连接,所述下连接杆的另一端和所述配重装置固定相连;The connecting rod includes an upper connecting rod, a lower connecting rod and an elastic device. One end of the upper connecting rod is connected to one end of the lower connecting rod through the elastic device, and the other end extends into the float and the piezoelectric generator. The device is fixedly connected, and the other end of the lower connecting rod is fixedly connected to the counterweight device;

所述浮子浮在水面上、所述配重装置沉入水底,浮子、配重装置和连接杆形成二自由度谐振系统,能够在海洋波浪的激励下产生相对运动。The float floats on the water surface, and the counterweight device sinks to the bottom of the water. The float, the counterweight device and the connecting rod form a two-degree-of-freedom resonance system, which can generate relative motion under the excitation of ocean waves.

作为本发明一种海洋波浪能压电发电装置进一步的优化方案,所述弹性装置采用弹簧。As a further optimized solution of an ocean wave energy piezoelectric power generation device of the present invention, the elastic device adopts a spring.

作为本发明一种海洋波浪能压电发电装置进一步的优化方案,所述压电发电装置包含连接板和若干个压电发电单元;As a further optimized solution of an ocean wave energy piezoelectric power generation device of the present invention, the piezoelectric power generation device includes a connecting plate and a plurality of piezoelectric power generation units;

所述压电发电单元包含弹性梁和若干设置在于弹性梁上下表面上的压电陶瓷片,所述弹性梁的一端和所述连接板固定相连、另一端和所述浮子的空腔壁固定相连;The piezoelectric generating unit includes an elastic beam and a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the elastic beam. One end of the elastic beam is fixedly connected to the connecting plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to the cavity wall of the float. ;

所述各个压电发电单元的弹性梁位于同一平面;The elastic beams of each piezoelectric generating unit are located on the same plane;

所述上连接杆伸入所述浮子和所述连接板固定相连。The upper connecting rod extends into the float and is fixedly connected to the connecting plate.

作为本发明一种海洋波浪能压电发电装置进一步的优化方案,所述上连接杆和所述浮子的底部结合处设有用于防水的密封装置。As a further optimized solution of an ocean wave energy piezoelectric power generation device of the present invention, a sealing device for waterproofing is provided at the joint between the upper connecting rod and the bottom of the float.

作为本发明一种海洋波浪能压电发电装置进一步的优化方案,所述连接板上设有供所述上连接杆穿过的通孔,所述上连接杆穿过所述连接板上通孔的一端设有用于限位的球形结构。As a further optimized solution of an ocean wave energy piezoelectric power generation device of the present invention, the connecting plate is provided with a through hole for the upper connecting rod to pass through, and the upper connecting rod passes through the through hole on the connecting plate One end is provided with a spherical structure for limiting.

作为本发明一种海洋波浪能压电发电装置进一步的优化方案,所述压电发电单元的个数为8个,且各个压电发电单元弹性梁之间的夹角均相等。As a further optimized solution of the piezoelectric generating device for ocean wave energy of the present invention, the number of the piezoelectric generating units is 8, and the included angles between the elastic beams of each piezoelectric generating unit are equal.

作为本发明一种海洋波浪能压电发电装置进一步的优化方案,所述压电陶瓷片均沿着厚度方向极化。As a further optimized solution of an ocean wave energy piezoelectric power generation device of the present invention, the piezoelectric ceramic sheets are all polarized along the thickness direction.

本发明还公开了一种基于该海洋波浪能压电发电装置的工作方式,包含以下步骤:The invention also discloses a working mode based on the marine wave energy piezoelectric power generation device, comprising the following steps:

步骤1),所述浮子受到海洋波浪的冲击与配重装置的相对位置产生变化,导致连接杆产生振动;Step 1), the float is impacted by ocean waves and the relative position of the counterweight device changes, causing the connecting rod to vibrate;

步骤2),上连接杆上端的轴向产生位移,驱动各个压电发电单元的弹性梁和压电陶瓷片产生弯曲振动;Step 2), the axial displacement of the upper end of the upper connecting rod is generated, and the elastic beam and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet of each piezoelectric generating unit are driven to generate bending vibration;

步骤3),压电陶瓷片沿厚度方向的表面产生电荷,实现压电发电;Step 3), the surface of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet along the thickness direction generates charges to realize piezoelectric power generation;

步骤4),弹性装置存储海洋波浪冲击的能量;Step 4), the elastic device stores the energy of ocean wave impact;

步骤5),弹性装置并将能量传递至上连接杆驱动各个压电发电单元的弹性梁和压电陶瓷片弯曲振动,实现压电发电。Step 5), the elastic device transmits energy to the upper connecting rod to drive the elastic beams and piezoelectric ceramic sheets of each piezoelectric generating unit to bend and vibrate, so as to realize piezoelectric power generation.

本发明采用以上技术方案与现有技术相比,具有以下技术效果:Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical scheme, and has the following technical effects:

本发明充分利用水面的波浪涌动的巨大的动能并转换为电能,将波浪涌动的自然能量开发为提供给本发明自身的卫星定位设备、无线通讯系统、水文监测和声纳探测装置使用的电能,有利于清洁能源的利用与开发,符合人类清洁、高效电能的发展趋势。本发明的结构简单紧凑,便于安装实施,同时有利于推广应用。The present invention makes full use of the huge kinetic energy of the wave surging on the water surface and converts it into electrical energy, and develops the natural energy of the wave surging into the satellite positioning equipment, wireless communication system, hydrological monitoring and sonar detection device of the present invention. Electric energy is conducive to the utilization and development of clean energy, and is in line with the development trend of human clean and efficient electric energy. The structure of the invention is simple and compact, which is convenient for installation and implementation, and is beneficial to popularization and application.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明的海洋波浪能压电发电装置的结构原理示意图;Fig. 1 is the structural principle schematic diagram of the marine wave energy piezoelectric power generation device of the present invention;

图2是本发明的浮子的压电发电单元的阵列式弹性梁的结构示意图;2 is a schematic structural diagram of an array-type elastic beam of a piezoelectric generating unit of a float of the present invention;

图3是浮子的压电发电单元与连接杆连接的示意图;Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that the piezoelectric generating unit of the float is connected with the connecting rod;

图4是配重装置与连接杆连接的示意图;Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the connection between the counterweight device and the connecting rod;

图5是浮子的压电发电单元的发电原理图;FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the power generation principle of the piezoelectric power generation unit of the float;

图6是浮子内设置卫星定位系统和通讯系统的示意图;Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that the satellite positioning system and the communication system are arranged in the float;

图7是配重装置内设置探测系统和通讯系统的示意图;Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of setting detection system and communication system in the counterweight device;

图8是一种在配重装置内也放置发电装置的应用形式;Figure 8 is an application form in which a power generation device is also placed in the counterweight device;

图9是一种采用浮子阵列的应用形式。Figure 9 is a form of application using a float array.

图中,1-浮子,11-密封装置,2-配重装置,3-连接杆,31-弹簧,32-上连接杆,33-下连接杆,34-连接板,4-压电发电装置,41-弹性梁,42-压电陶瓷片,5-探测装置,6-通信装置,7-定位装置,8-声纳探测装置。In the figure, 1-float, 11-sealing device, 2-counterweight device, 3-connecting rod, 31-spring, 32-upper connecting rod, 33-lower connecting rod, 34-connecting plate, 4-piezoelectric generator , 41-elastic beam, 42-piezoelectric ceramic sheet, 5-detection device, 6-communication device, 7-positioning device, 8-sonar detection device.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细说明:Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail:

如图1,本发明的海洋波浪能压电发电装置应用于海洋中的海面或产生波动、浪涌、潮汐能量的水域,充分利用波浪涌动产生的能量并将其转换为电能。本发明的海面浮子压电发电装置包含浮子1、配重装置2,以及连接浮子1和配重装置2的连接杆3。本发明的浮子1、配重装置2采用密封结构。As shown in Figure 1, the marine wave energy piezoelectric power generation device of the present invention is applied to the sea surface in the ocean or the water area where fluctuation, surge, and tidal energy are generated, and the energy generated by the wave surge is fully utilized and converted into electrical energy. The sea surface float piezoelectric generating device of the present invention includes a float 1 , a counterweight device 2 , and a connecting rod 3 connecting the float 1 and the counterweight device 2 . The float 1 and the counterweight device 2 of the present invention adopt a sealed structure.

浮子1设有密封空腔,空腔中设有压电发电装置4;连接杆3包含上连接杆32、下连接杆33和弹性装置31,上连接杆32一端通过弹性装置31和下连接杆33的一端相连,另一端伸入浮子1和压电发电装置4固定连接,下连接杆33的另一端和配重装置2固定相连;浮子1浮在水面上、配重装置2沉入水底,浮子1、配重装置2和连接杆3形成二自由度谐振系统,能够在海洋波浪的激励下产生相对运动。The float 1 is provided with a sealed cavity, and the cavity is provided with a piezoelectric generator 4; the connecting rod 3 includes an upper connecting rod 32, a lower connecting rod 33 and an elastic device 31, and one end of the upper connecting rod 32 passes through the elastic device 31 and the lower connecting rod. One end of 33 is connected, the other end extends into the float 1 and is fixedly connected to the piezoelectric generator 4, and the other end of the lower connecting rod 33 is fixedly connected to the counterweight device 2; the float 1 floats on the water surface, and the counterweight device 2 sinks to the bottom. The float 1, the counterweight device 2 and the connecting rod 3 form a two-degree-of-freedom resonance system, which can generate relative motion under the excitation of ocean waves.

弹性装置31优先采用弹簧。The elastic device 31 preferably adopts a spring.

浮子1的内部设置的压电发电装置4包含连接板34和若干个压电发电单元,压电发电单元包含弹性梁41和若干设置在于弹性梁41上下表面上的压电陶瓷片42,弹性梁41的一端和连接板34固定相连、另一端和浮子1的空腔壁固定相连;所述各个压电发电单元的弹性梁41位于同一平面;上连接杆32伸入所述浮子1和所述连接板34固定相连。所述上连接杆32和所述浮子1的底部结合处设有用于防水的密封装置11。浮子1在本实施例中采用密封的球状结构,也可以采用其他例如圆台、锥形圆台等。The piezoelectric generating device 4 arranged inside the float 1 includes a connecting plate 34 and several piezoelectric generating units. The piezoelectric generating unit includes an elastic beam 41 and a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets 42 arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the elastic beam 41. The elastic beam One end of 41 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 34, and the other end is fixedly connected to the cavity wall of the float 1; the elastic beams 41 of the piezoelectric generating units are located on the same plane; the upper connecting rod 32 extends into the float 1 and the The connecting plates 34 are fixedly connected. A sealing device 11 for waterproofing is provided at the joint of the upper connecting rod 32 and the bottom of the float 1 . In this embodiment, the float 1 adopts a sealed spherical structure, and can also adopt other types such as a truncated cone, a conical truncated cone, and the like.

如图2,在具体实施例中,压电发电装置4设置了8个压电发电单元4a、4b、4c、4d、4e、4f、4g、4h,且各个压电发电单元弹性梁41之间的夹角均相等。其中,压电发电单元4a、4b是对称的结构,压电发电单元4c、4d是对称的结构,压电发电单元4e、4f是对称的结构,压电发电单元4g、4h是对称的结构。多组压电发电单元在机构上可以采用一体成型的结构,从而便于与连接杆3的固定连接配合时,在压电发电装置的中心位置设置贯穿的通孔等结构即可。在本发明的压电发电装置工作时,外部的冲击力对压电发电装置产生的作用力可以充分且均匀的转换成为有效率的压电效应的电荷能量。2, in a specific embodiment, the piezoelectric power generation device 4 is provided with eight piezoelectric power generation units 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, and the elastic beams 41 of the piezoelectric power generation units are arranged between The included angles are equal. Among them, the piezoelectric generating units 4a and 4b are symmetrical, the piezoelectric generating units 4c and 4d are symmetrical, the piezoelectric generating units 4e and 4f are symmetrical, and the piezoelectric generating units 4g and 4h are symmetrical. Multiple groups of piezoelectric generating units can be integrally formed in mechanism, so that a structure such as a through hole can be provided at the center of the piezoelectric generating device when it is convenient for the fixed connection and cooperation with the connecting rod 3 . When the piezoelectric power generation device of the present invention operates, the force generated by the external impact force on the piezoelectric power generation device can be sufficiently and uniformly converted into the electric charge energy of the efficient piezoelectric effect.

在具体实施例中,多个压电发电单元形成的阵列式的弹性梁41,其中,弹性梁41采用弹性材料,压电陶瓷片42均沿着厚度方向极化。In a specific embodiment, an array of elastic beams 41 is formed by a plurality of piezoelectric generating units, wherein the elastic beams 41 are made of elastic materials, and the piezoelectric ceramic sheets 42 are all polarized along the thickness direction.

参阅图3,连接杆3包含上连接杆32、下连接杆33和连接上、下连接杆32、33的中间的弹簧31。上连接杆32穿过密封装置11伸入浮子1的内部,连接板34上设有供上连接杆32穿过的通孔,上连接杆32穿过连接板34上通孔的一端设有用于限位的球形结构。Referring to FIG. 3 , the connecting rod 3 includes an upper connecting rod 32 , a lower connecting rod 33 and a spring 31 connecting the middle of the upper and lower connecting rods 32 and 33 . The upper connecting rod 32 protrudes into the interior of the float 1 through the sealing device 11, the connecting plate 34 is provided with a through hole for the upper connecting rod 32 to pass through, and one end of the upper connecting rod 32 passing through the upper through hole of the connecting plate 34 is provided for Limiting spherical structure.

参阅图4,连接装置的下连接杆33与配重装置2固定连接。Referring to FIG. 4 , the lower connecting rod 33 of the connecting device is fixedly connected with the counterweight device 2 .

为了配合压电发电装置,压电发电装置还包含电压转换电路装置,电压转换电路装置包含整流电路、稳压充电电路、蓄电装置、控制装置和输出装置。In order to cooperate with the piezoelectric power generation device, the piezoelectric power generation device further includes a voltage conversion circuit device, and the voltage conversion circuit device includes a rectifier circuit, a voltage stabilization charging circuit, a power storage device, a control device and an output device.

在具体实施例中,本发明的连接杆3的上、下连接杆32、33可以采用耐腐蚀的材料制成的连接杆,增加在水中的使用寿命,弹簧31可以进行耐腐蚀处理,增加使用寿命。In a specific embodiment, the upper and lower connecting rods 32 and 33 of the connecting rod 3 of the present invention can be made of corrosion-resistant materials to increase the service life in water, and the spring 31 can be treated with corrosion resistance to increase the use of life.

该海洋波浪能压电发电装置的工作方式,包含以下步骤:The working mode of the ocean wave energy piezoelectric power generation device includes the following steps:

步骤1,所述浮子1受到海洋波浪的冲击与配重装置2的相对位置产生变化,导致连接杆3产生振动;Step 1, the relative position of the float 1 is changed by the impact of the ocean wave and the counterweight device 2, causing the connecting rod 3 to vibrate;

步骤2,上连接杆32上端的轴向产生位移,驱动各个压电发电单元的弹性梁41和压电陶瓷片42产生弯曲振动;In step 2, the axial displacement of the upper end of the upper connecting rod 32 is generated, and the elastic beam 41 and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 42 of each piezoelectric generating unit are driven to generate bending vibration;

步骤3,压电陶瓷片42沿厚度方向的表面产生电荷,实现压电发电;Step 3, the surface of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 42 along the thickness direction generates charges to realize piezoelectric power generation;

步骤4,弹性装置31存储海洋波浪冲击的能量;Step 4, the elastic device 31 stores the energy of the ocean wave impact;

步骤5,弹性装置31并将能量传递至上连接杆32驱动各个压电发电单元的弹性梁41和压电陶瓷片42弯曲振动,实现压电发电。Step 5, the elastic device 31 transmits energy to the upper connecting rod 32 to drive the elastic beam 41 and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 42 of each piezoelectric generating unit to bend and vibrate, so as to realize piezoelectric power generation.

如图5,为便于理解本发明的发电装置的发电工作过程,作如下的简明描述:As shown in Figure 5, in order to facilitate the understanding of the power generation process of the power generation device of the present invention, the following brief description is made:

本发明的浮子1在海面的海浪的向上的涌动推动作用下,连接杆3的上连接杆32传递海浪的作用力至压电发电装置4后,压电发电装置4上的压电陶瓷片产生形变而产生和蓄积电能,在受到海浪的第一周期的作用力下,弹性梁41从第一初始期t=nT产生向上的形变,带动压电陶瓷片42也向上弯曲产生形变进而产生电荷变化并在第1/4周期t=T/4+nT状态时蓄积电能,当连接杆3的上连接杆32不再受到海浪的作用力后,弹性梁41和压电陶瓷片42在第1/2周期t=T/2+nT状态时恢复正常的状态呈水平,海浪的3/4周期的向下波动的涌动作用力推动连接杆3的上连接杆32作用于弹性梁41,弹性梁41带动压电陶瓷片42在第3/4周期t=3T/4+nT状态时向下弯曲产生形变进而产生电荷变化并蓄积电能,当海浪不再作用于连接杆3的上连接杆32,定义弹性梁41和压电陶瓷片42又恢复至初始周期t=nT的水平。如此反复,连接杆3的上连接杆32在受到海浪的涌动的作用力推动弹性梁41和压电陶瓷片42产生形变进而蓄积电能,在不受到海浪的涌动的作用力时弹性梁41和压电陶瓷片42回复水平状态,弹性梁41带动压电陶瓷片42周期性地不断蓄积电能,从而实现电能蓄积并通过发电压电装置4转换位电能以供应给用电设备。In the float 1 of the present invention, under the action of the upward surge of the waves on the sea surface, after the upper connecting rod 32 of the connecting rod 3 transmits the force of the sea wave to the piezoelectric generating device 4, the piezoelectric ceramic sheet on the piezoelectric generating device 4 Deformation is generated to generate and store electrical energy. Under the force of the first cycle of the ocean wave, the elastic beam 41 deforms upward from the first initial period t=nT, which drives the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 42 to also bend upward to generate deformation and then generate electric charges. Change and accumulate electric energy in the state of t=T/4+nT in the 1/4th cycle. When the upper connecting rod 32 of the connecting rod 3 is no longer subjected to the force of the sea wave, the elastic beam 41 and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 42 are in the first /2 cycle t=T/2+nT state, the state returns to normal and the state is horizontal, and the downward fluctuation of the 3/4 cycle of the ocean wave pushes the upper connecting rod 32 of the connecting rod 3 to act on the elastic beam 41, and the elastic The beam 41 drives the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 42 to bend downward in the 3rd/4th cycle t=3T/4+nT state to generate deformation, thereby generating charge changes and accumulating electrical energy. When the waves no longer act on the upper connecting rod 32 of the connecting rod 3 , it is defined that the elastic beam 41 and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 42 return to the level of the initial period t=nT. Repeating this, the upper connecting rod 32 of the connecting rod 3 pushes the elastic beam 41 and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 42 to deform under the surging force of the ocean waves and then stores electric energy. When the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 42 returns to the horizontal state, the elastic beam 41 drives the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 42 to periodically and continuously accumulate electric energy, thereby realizing electric energy accumulation and converting bit electric energy through the generating piezoelectric device 4 to supply it to the electrical equipment.

本实施例中的浮子1采用了密封的球形的结构,在其他实施例中,也可以采用其他的比如椭球形、柱形、或锥底平台等。The float 1 in this embodiment adopts a sealed spherical structure, and in other embodiments, other types such as ellipsoid, cylindrical, or cone-bottom platform can also be used.

本实施例中的配重装置2采用了密封的球形的结构,在其他实施例中,也可以采用其他的比如椭球形、柱形、或锥底平台等。The weight device 2 in this embodiment adopts a sealed spherical structure, and in other embodiments, other types such as ellipsoid, cylindrical, or cone-bottom platform can also be used.

本发明的一个实施例的海洋波浪能压电发电装置的工作原理简要描述如下:The working principle of the marine wave energy piezoelectric power generation device according to an embodiment of the present invention is briefly described as follows:

本发明的海洋波浪能压电发电装置放置于产生波浪涌动的海面或其他水域的水面时,球形浮子1漂浮在海面上,所述配重装置2位于海面下,浮子1、连接杆3、配重装置2形成二自由度的振动系统,在海洋波浪的激励下产生相对运动。一部分能量通过连接杆3使浮子的压电发电装置的压电陶瓷片产生弯曲形变形成电荷,通过将阵列分布的压电陶瓷片表面的电荷收集起来并转换处理实现压电发电,另一部分能量储存于振动系统中,在后续振动中逐渐释放。When the marine wave energy piezoelectric generating device of the present invention is placed on the sea surface or other water surface where waves are generated, the spherical float 1 floats on the sea surface, the counterweight device 2 is located under the sea surface, the float 1, the connecting rod 3, The counterweight device 2 forms a two-degree-of-freedom vibration system, which generates relative motion under the excitation of ocean waves. Part of the energy is bent and deformed to form charges through the connecting rod 3 of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet of the piezoelectric generator device of the float. Piezoelectric power generation is realized by collecting and converting the charges on the surface of the piezoelectric ceramic sheets distributed in the array, and the other part of the energy is stored. In a vibrating system, it is gradually released in subsequent vibrations.

如图6,在具体实施例中,浮子1内部还设置连接至压电发电装置4的探测装置5、通信装置6和定位装置78,探测装置5接收压电发电装置4的电源供应从而实现海面的探测,定位装置7用于实现本发明的海上位置定位,通信装置6连接至其他通信设备例如通信卫星、地面通信基站或海面通信基站实现数据通信。As shown in FIG. 6 , in a specific embodiment, a detection device 5 , a communication device 6 and a positioning device 78 connected to the piezoelectric generator 4 are also provided inside the float 1 , and the detection device 5 receives the power supply of the piezoelectric generator 4 to realize the sea surface The positioning device 7 is used to realize the maritime position positioning of the present invention, and the communication device 6 is connected to other communication equipment such as communication satellites, ground communication base stations or sea communication base stations to realize data communication.

如图7,在具体实施例中,在配重装置内还可以水文监测和声纳探测装置8,可以进行水下探测,并将数据通过浮子内的无线通讯装置7将数据发给远程基站。As shown in FIG. 7 , in a specific embodiment, a hydrological monitoring and sonar detection device 8 is also installed in the counterweight device, which can perform underwater detection and transmit data to a remote base station through a wireless communication device 7 in the float.

在实际应用中,如图8所示,为了提高发电效率,可以在配重装置内也设置发电装置,该发电装置的发电原理与浮子内的发电装置原理相同,可以为配重装置中的电子设备提供电能。In practical applications, as shown in Figure 8, in order to improve the power generation efficiency, a power generation device can also be installed in the counterweight device. The power generation principle of the power generation device is the same as that of the power generation device in the float. The device provides power.

在实际应用中,为了提高发电效率,也可以采用图9所示的方式,使用若干个结构相同的浮子,组成阵列,最大可能地利用波浪能。In practical applications, in order to improve the power generation efficiency, the method shown in FIG. 9 can also be used, and several floats with the same structure are used to form an array to maximize the utilization of wave energy.

综上所述,本发明充分利用了海洋的波浪涌动产生的潮汐动能激励由浮子、配重和连接杆组成的二自由度谐振系统产生相对运动,通过发电装置的压电陶瓷片将机械能转换为电能。本发明的结构简单紧凑,便于安装实施,有利于推广应用。同时,可以在浮子中设置卫星定位系统、探测系统、无线通讯系统,在配重装置中设置探测系统,可以将探测数据和位置信息通过无线通讯系统上传至远程基站,并接收远程基站的控制指令,实现海面监测发电一体化功能。To sum up, the present invention makes full use of the tidal kinetic energy generated by the surging waves of the ocean to excite a two-degree-of-freedom resonance system composed of a float, a counterweight and a connecting rod to generate relative motion, and convert the mechanical energy through the piezoelectric ceramic sheet of the power generating device. for electrical energy. The structure of the invention is simple and compact, convenient for installation and implementation, and favorable for popularization and application. At the same time, a satellite positioning system, a detection system, and a wireless communication system can be set up in the float, and a detection system can be set up in the counterweight device. The detection data and position information can be uploaded to the remote base station through the wireless communication system, and the control instructions of the remote base station can be received. , to realize the integrated function of sea surface monitoring and power generation.

本技术领域技术人员可以理解的是,除非另外定义,这里使用的所有术语(包含技术术语和科学术语)具有与本发明所属领域中的普通技术人员的一般理解相同的意义。还应该理解的是,诸如通用字典中定义的那些术语应该被理解为具有与现有技术的上下文中的意义一致的意义,并且除非像这里一样定义,不会用理想化或过于正式的含义来解释。It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the prior art and, unless defined as herein, are not to be taken in an idealized or overly formal sense. explain.

以上所述的具体实施方式,对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明,所应理解的是,以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式而已,并不用于限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The specific embodiments described above further describe the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1.一种海洋波浪能压电发电装置,其特征在于,包含浮子(1)、配重装置(2)和连接杆(3);1. An ocean wave energy piezoelectric power generation device, characterized in that it comprises a float (1), a counterweight device (2) and a connecting rod (3); 所述浮子(1)设有密封空腔,所述空腔中设有压电发电装置(4);The float (1) is provided with a sealed cavity, and a piezoelectric generator (4) is arranged in the cavity; 所述连接杆(3)包含上连接杆(32)、下连接杆(33)和弹性装置(31),所述上连接杆(32)一端通过所述弹性装置(31)和所述下连接杆(33)的一端相连,另一端伸入所述浮子(1)和所述压电发电装置(4)固定连接,所述下连接杆(33)的另一端和所述配重装置(2)固定相连;The connecting rod (3) includes an upper connecting rod (32), a lower connecting rod (33) and an elastic device (31), and one end of the upper connecting rod (32) is connected with the lower connecting rod (31) through the elastic device (31). One end of the rod (33) is connected, the other end extends into the float (1) and is fixedly connected to the piezoelectric generator (4), and the other end of the lower connecting rod (33) is connected to the counterweight device (2) ) is fixedly connected; 所述浮子(1)浮在水面上、所述配重装置(2)沉入水底,浮子(1)、配重装置(2)和连接杆(3)形成二自由度谐振系统,能够在海洋波浪的激励下产生相对运动;The float (1) floats on the water surface, the counterweight device (2) sinks to the bottom of the water, and the float (1), the counterweight device (2) and the connecting rod (3) form a two-degree-of-freedom resonance system, which can be used in the ocean. Relative motion is generated under the excitation of waves; 所述弹性装置(31)采用弹簧;The elastic device (31) adopts a spring; 所述压电发电装置(4)包含连接板(34)和若干个压电发电单元;The piezoelectric generating device (4) includes a connecting plate (34) and several piezoelectric generating units; 所述压电发电单元包含弹性梁(41)和若干设置在于弹性梁(41)上下表面上的压电陶瓷片(42),所述弹性梁(41)的一端和所述连接板(34)固定相连、另一端和所述浮子(1)的空腔壁固定相连;The piezoelectric generating unit comprises an elastic beam (41) and a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets (42) arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the elastic beam (41), one end of the elastic beam (41) and the connecting plate (34) fixedly connected, and the other end is fixedly connected to the cavity wall of the float (1); 所述各个压电发电单元的弹性梁(41)位于同一平面;The elastic beams (41) of each piezoelectric generating unit are located on the same plane; 所述上连接杆(32)伸入所述浮子(1)和所述连接板(34)固定相连。The upper connecting rod (32) extends into the float (1) and is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (34). 2.根据权利要求1所述的海洋波浪能压电发电装置,其特征在于,所述上连接杆(32)和所述浮子(1)的底部结合处设有用于防水的密封装置(11)。2. The marine wave energy piezoelectric power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, a sealing device (11) for waterproofing is provided at the joint of the bottom of the upper connecting rod (32) and the float (1). . 3.根据权利要求1所述的海洋波浪能压电发电装置,其特征在于,所述连接板(34)上设有供所述上连接杆(32)穿过的通孔,所述上连接杆(32)穿过所述连接板(34)上通孔的一端设有用于限位的球形结构。3 . The piezoelectric power generation device for ocean wave energy according to claim 1 , wherein the connecting plate ( 34 ) is provided with a through hole through which the upper connecting rod ( 32 ) passes, and the upper connecting rod ( 32 ) passes through. One end of the rod (32) passing through the through hole on the connecting plate (34) is provided with a spherical structure for limiting. 4.根据权利要求1所述的海洋波浪能压电发电装置,其特征在于,所述压电发电单元的个数为8个,且各个压电发电单元弹性梁之间的夹角均相等。4 . The piezoelectric generating device for ocean wave energy according to claim 1 , wherein the number of the piezoelectric generating units is 8, and the included angles between the elastic beams of each piezoelectric generating unit are equal. 5 . 5.根据权利要求1所述的海洋波浪能压电发电装置,其特征在于,所述压电陶瓷片(42)均沿着厚度方向极化。5 . The piezoelectric power generation device for ocean wave energy according to claim 1 , wherein the piezoelectric ceramic sheets ( 42 ) are all polarized along the thickness direction. 6 . 6.基于权利要求1所述的海洋波浪能压电发电装置的工作方式,其特征在于,包含以下步骤:6. The working mode of the marine wave energy piezoelectric power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, comprising the following steps: 步骤1),所述浮子(1)受到海洋波浪的冲击与配重装置(2)的相对位置产生变化,导致连接杆(3)产生振动;Step 1), the relative position of the float (1) under the impact of ocean waves and the counterweight device (2) changes, causing the connecting rod (3) to vibrate; 步骤2),上连接杆(32)上端的轴向产生位移,驱动各个压电发电单元的弹性梁(41)和压电陶瓷片(42)产生弯曲振动;Step 2), the axial displacement of the upper end of the upper connecting rod (32) drives the elastic beam (41) and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (42) of each piezoelectric generating unit to generate bending vibration; 步骤3),压电陶瓷片(42)沿厚度方向的表面产生电荷,实现压电发电;Step 3), the surface of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (42) along the thickness direction generates charges to realize piezoelectric power generation; 步骤4),弹性装置(31)存储海洋波浪冲击的能量;Step 4), the elastic device (31) stores the energy of ocean wave impact; 步骤5),弹性装置(31)将能量传递至上连接杆(32)驱动各个压电发电单元的弹性梁(41)和压电陶瓷片(42)弯曲振动,实现压电发电。Step 5), the elastic device (31) transmits energy to the upper connecting rod (32) to drive the elastic beam (41) and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (42) of each piezoelectric generating unit to bend and vibrate to realize piezoelectric power generation.
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