CN112240263B - Self-generating buoy system - Google Patents
Self-generating buoy system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112240263B CN112240263B CN202011017873.5A CN202011017873A CN112240263B CN 112240263 B CN112240263 B CN 112240263B CN 202011017873 A CN202011017873 A CN 202011017873A CN 112240263 B CN112240263 B CN 112240263B
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
- F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
- F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
- F03B13/20—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" wherein both members, i.e. wom and rem are movable relative to the sea bed or shore
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
- H02K7/1853—Rotary generators driven by intermittent forces
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/06—Influence generators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/185—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators using fluid streams
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
- H02N2/188—Vibration harvesters adapted for resonant operation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
- B63B2022/006—Buoys specially adapted for measuring or watch purposes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
Abstract
The application relates to a self-generating buoy system. The self-generating buoy system comprises: a floatation device; the movable rod extends into the floating device and is movably connected with the floating device; a rotating member; the wave plate is connected with the movable rod through the rotating piece, and the rotating piece is used for enabling the wave plate to rotate on the plane where the movable rod is located; and the vibration energy acquisition device is arranged in the floating device, is connected with the movable rod and is used for converting the mechanical energy of the movement of the movable rod into electric energy. The wave plate of the self-generating buoy system is connected with the movable rod through the rotating part, so that the wave plate can rotate on the plane where the movable rod is located, when the wave plate is impacted by sea waves and rotates on the plane where the movable rod is located, the floating device cannot swing easily due to the pulling of the wave plate, the floating device cannot topple easily due to the impact of the waves, and the energy collection efficiency can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of self-power generation, in particular to a buoy type self-power generation device.
Background
At present, some hydrological information still needs to be detected through buoys with built-in sensors above the water surface, but the buoy power supply cannot be realized in a wired mode under the condition of remote distance, the storage battery needs to be maintained regularly by adopting the storage battery power supply, and the solar power supply cannot play a role in special places such as cloudy days or north polar rings.
In recent years, wave energy has attracted attention as a clean and renewable energy source. At present, the principle applied to wave energy mechanical collecting devices at home and abroad can be roughly divided into three categories, namely point absorbers (point absorbers), consumptions (attentuators) and terminators (terminators). Compared with a consumption type and a cut-off type, the central point absorption type has the advantages of flexible volume design, convenient construction and low cost.
However, the point absorption type collecting device also has the disadvantages of low efficiency of collecting wave energy, poor resistance to wave impact, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, a self-generating buoy system with high wave energy collection efficiency and strong wave impact resistance is needed.
A self-generating buoy system comprising:
a floatation device;
the movable rod extends into the floating device and is movably connected with the floating device;
a rotating member;
the wave plate is connected with the movable rod through the rotating piece, and the rotating piece is used for enabling the wave plate to rotate on the plane where the movable rod is located;
and the vibration energy acquisition device is arranged in the floating device, is connected with the movable rod and is used for converting the mechanical energy of the movement of the movable rod into electric energy.
According to the self-generating buoy system, the wave plate is connected with the movable rod through the rotating part, so that the wave plate can rotate on the plane where the movable rod is located, when the wave plate is impacted by sea waves and rotates on the plane where the movable rod is located, the floating device cannot swing easily due to pulling of the wave plate, the floating device cannot topple easily due to wave impact, and the energy collection efficiency can be improved.
In one embodiment, the rotating member comprises a cardan shaft or a cardan hinge.
In one embodiment, the wave plate includes a force receiving portion and a connecting portion connecting the force receiving portion to the rotating member, and the width of the force receiving portion is greater than the width of the connecting portion.
In one embodiment, the connecting part is a hollow structure.
In one embodiment, the stressed part is partially hollowed, and a one-way valve is arranged at the hollowed position.
When the wave plate is pushed by the seawater on the lower part, the one-way valve is closed, so that the seawater can generate enough thrust on the wave plate; when the wave plate is pushed by the seawater from top to bottom, the one-way valve is opened, so that the downward pushing force of the seawater on the wave plate is reduced. The wave plate can move greatly, so that the movable rod is driven to move, and the movable rod and the floating device can move relatively greatly.
In one embodiment, the self-generating buoy system further comprises:
the auxiliary energy acquisition device is used for converting acquired energy into electric energy, and the acquired energy is energy in the surrounding environment except wave energy;
and the energy management device is used for storing and managing the electric energy converted by the vibration energy acquisition device and the auxiliary energy acquisition device.
In one embodiment, a partition plate is arranged in the floating device, and the vibration energy collecting device is arranged between the partition plate and the movable rod.
In one embodiment, the self-generating buoy system further comprises a return spring sleeved on the movable rod, and the return spring is used for maintaining the relative position between the partition plate and the movable rod.
In one embodiment, the self-generating buoy system further comprises a linear bearing, the linear bearing is sleeved on the movable rod and is located between the movable rod and the bottom of the floating device, and the return spring is arranged between the linear bearing and the vibration energy collecting device.
In one embodiment, the self-generating buoy system further comprises a first spring arranged between the vibration energy collecting device and the partition plate.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or the conventional technologies of the present application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the conventional technologies will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-generating buoy system in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a floatation device in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the bottom of the floatation device and the movable bar in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting device according to one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electromagnetic vibration energy harvesting device according to one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrostatic vibration energy harvesting device in accordance with one embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a frictional vibration energy harvesting device according to one embodiment;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a working process of the self-generating buoy system with two wave plate structures encountering a wave, wherein the wave comes from a direction with an included angle of 0 degree with the wave plates;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a working process of the self-generating buoy system with two wave plate structures encountering a wave, wherein the wave comes from a direction with an included angle of 90 degrees with the wave plates;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a working process of the self-generating buoy system with three wave plate structures encountering a wave;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a working process of a self-generating buoy system with four wave plates, when encountering a wave, the wave comes from a direction with an included angle of 0 degree with one of the wave plates;
fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a working process of a self-generating buoy system with four wave plates, when encountering a wave, the wave comes from a direction which forms an included angle with the four wave plates;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a working process of the self-generating buoy system with two rigidly connected wave plate structures encountering a wave;
fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the operation process of the self-generating buoy system with two wave plate structures without one-way valves encountering a wave.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the present application, the present application will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the present application are set forth in the accompanying drawings. This application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
It will be understood that, as used herein, the terms "first," "second," and the like may be used herein to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another.
Spatial relational terms, such as "under," "below," "under," "over," and the like may be used herein to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements or features described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary terms "under" and "under" can encompass both an orientation of above and below. In addition, the device may comprise additional orientations (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or other orientations) and the spatial descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be connected to the other element through intervening elements. Further, "connection" in the following embodiments is understood to mean "electrical connection", "communication connection", or the like, if there is a transfer of electrical signals or data between the connected objects.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" may include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises/comprising," "includes" or "including," etc., specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present application provides a self-generating buoy system, including: a floatation device 106, a movable rod 112, a rotation member 114, a wave plate 110, and a vibration energy harvesting device 208.
Specifically, the movable rod 112 extends into the floatation device 106 and is movably connected to the floatation device 106. The floatation device 106 is comprised of a corrosion resistant metallic or non-metallic material. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1 and 2, the floatation device 106 is a buoy shaped to provide sufficient buoyancy for the overall system, to remain relatively stable at the surface of the sea, to prevent tipping, and to accommodate other portions of the internal and external systems. The wave plate 110 is connected to the movable bar 112 through the rotating member 114, and the rotating member 114 is used to allow the wave plate 110 to rotate on the plane of the movable bar 112. The number of the wave plates 110 is at least two, the specific number is determined according to the environment, the wave plates 110 of the multi-wave plate structure move along with the up-and-down vibration of the waves, and the energy of one wave can be used for multiple times to drive the movable rod 112 to vibrate up and down for multiple times, so that the effect of improving the vibration frequency of the waves is achieved. The vibration energy collecting device 208 is arranged in the floating device 106 and is connected with the upper end of the movable rod 112. Specifically, the movable rod 112 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the flat plate, and the vibration energy collecting device is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the flat plate. The plate is used to house the vibration energy harvester 208. The wave plate is driven by the wave power to rotate around the rotating member 114, which drives the movable rod 112 to move, and the movable rod 112 and the floating device 106 generate relative motion, so as to transmit the wave mechanical energy of the waves to the internal structure, and convert the wave mechanical energy into internal mechanical energy. The internal mechanical energy is converted into electric energy through the vibration energy collecting device.
In the self-generating buoy system, the wave plate 110 is connected to the movable rod 112 through the rotating member 114, and the rotating member 114 may be a universal shaft or a universal hinge, so that the wave plate 110 can rotate on the plane where the movable rod 112 is located. The rotating member 114 makes the floating device 106 not easily swing due to the pulling of the wave plate 110 when the wave plate is impacted by the waves and rotates on the plane of the movable rod 112, so that the floating device 106 is not easily toppled due to the impact of the waves, and the energy collecting efficiency can be improved.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the wave plate 110 includes a force receiving portion 1102 and a connecting portion 1104 connecting the force receiving portion 1102 to the rotating member 114, the force receiving portion 1102 has a width greater than that of the connecting portion 1104, and the connecting portion 1104 has a hollow structure to reduce resistance to wave in water and reduce the mass of the system. The area of the force receiving part 1102 is large, and more ocean wave mechanical energy can be collected.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the connection structure between the connection portion 1104 and the force-receiving portion 1102 is a long-arm structure, which has a larger bottom area compared to a conventional point absorption device, and is beneficial to preventing the system from overturning and improving the stability of the system.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the wave plate force bearing part 1102 is partially hollowed, and a one-way valve 108 is provided at the hollowed position, so that when a wave pushes the wave plate 110 from bottom to top, the one-way valve 108 is closed to generate sufficient thrust on the wave plate 110, and when the wave pushes the wave plate 110 from top to bottom, the one-way valve 108 is opened to reduce the downward thrust on the wave plate 110. The wave plate 110 can move greatly, and the movable rod 112 is driven to move, so that the movable rod 112 and the floating device 106 can move relatively greatly. In one embodiment, the one-way valve 108 is a check valve.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the floating device 106 is provided with a partition 206, and the self-generating buoy system further comprises an auxiliary energy collecting device and an energy management device 204. Specifically, the auxiliary energy harvesting device is used for harvesting energy in the surrounding environment except for wave energy and converting the harvested energy into electric energy. The auxiliary energy harvesting devices may include, but are not limited to, wind power generation devices 102, solar panels 104. The energy management device 204 is placed on the partition plate 206, the vibration energy collecting device 208 is arranged between the partition plate and the flat plate, the output ends of the auxiliary energy collecting device and the vibration energy collecting device 208 are connected with the input end of the energy management device 204, the converted electric energy is transmitted to the energy management device 204, and the energy management device 204 performs rectification, storage, discharge and other processing on the converted electric energy. The electric energy storage part can adopt, but is not limited to, a battery 202 and a super capacitor.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the self-generating buoy system further includes a linear bearing 304 and a return spring 302. Specifically, the linear bearing 304 is sleeved on the movable rod 112 and located between the movable rod 112 and the bottom of the floating device 106, and lubricating oil may be added to the connection. At the lower end of the linear bearing 304, the movable rod 112 and the floating device 106 are sealed by a sealing ring 306, so that seawater is prevented from entering the floating device 106 to cause system sinking or short circuit while the movable rod 112 and the floating device 106 can slide freely. The return spring 302 is sleeved on the movable rod 112 and is positioned between the linear bearing 304 and the vibration energy collecting device 208, the lower end of the return spring 302 is propped against the upper end of the linear bearing 304, the upper end of the return spring 302 is propped against a flat plate, and the vibration energy collecting device 208 is placed on and fixed on the upper portion of the flat plate. Vibration energy harvesting device 208 is located between diaphragm 206 and the plate and is fixed to the diaphragm at an upper end. In one embodiment, vibration energy harvesting device 208 further comprises a first spring. The movable bar 112 compresses or pulls the first spring when moving (i.e., raising or lowering) relative to the floatation device 106, causing it to deform.
In one embodiment, return spring 302 is fixedly attached at its upper and lower ends to plate and linear bearing 304, respectively. When the wave lifts the wave receiving portion 1102, the movable rod 112 pushes the flat plate to move up, the return spring 302 is stretched, the wave continues to move forward, and the return spring 302 provides the elastic force to the flat plate to restore the initial position, thereby restoring the wave plate 110 to the initial position.
When the wave comes from different directions to drive the wave plate to move, the wave plate 110 drives the movable rod 112 to move under the action of the rotating component, and the linear bearing 304 between the movable rod 112 and the floating device 106 is matched to convert the wave energy of the wave plate 110 driven by the wave into the linear motion kinetic energy of the movable rod 112, and the friction between the movable rod 112 and the floating device 106 can be reduced by matching with lubricating oil, so that the mechanical loss is reduced. The movable rod 112 moves linearly to push the plate, and since the vibration energy harvesting device 208 is fixed on the plate and the partition 206 is also fixed, the vibration energy harvesting device 208 is squeezed, and thus electric energy is generated.
In one embodiment, the vibration energy harvesting device uses piezoelectric conversion principles to convert mechanical energy transferred to the interior into electrical energy. As shown in fig. 4, the piezoelectric vibration energy collecting device is a piezoelectric energy collecting device for collecting low-frequency vibration, the energy collecting device is a rotary piezoelectric energy collecting device, a pressing sheet and a lead screw of the device can receive external vibration energy and convert the low-frequency low-speed external vibration into rotary mechanical energy of the ratchet 402, and then the pressing sheet is collided through a protruding tooth structure on the ratchet 402. Thereby further improving the vibration frequency of the outside. After the piezoelectric sheet is impacted and extruded, the piezoelectric sheet can generate gradually damped vibration working at a resonance frequency, current flows in the piezoelectric sheet according to the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric material, and the device outputs electric energy outwards. The mechanical energy of the pawl is further converted into electrical energy for output.
In another embodiment, the vibration energy harvesting device uses electromagnetic conversion principles to convert mechanical energy transmitted to the interior into electrical energy. As shown in fig. 5, the electromagnetic vibration energy collecting device is an electromagnetic energy collecting device for collecting low-frequency vibration, the energy collecting device is a rotary electromagnetic energy collecting device, the pressing sheet and the lead screw of the device can receive external vibration energy and convert the low-frequency low-speed external vibration into the rotary mechanical energy of the ratchet wheel, then the eight rubidium-iron-boron magnets 502 adhered on the ratchet wheel and the four series copper coils 504 adhered on the shell interact with each other through the electromagnetic induction principle, when the ratchet wheel drives the magnets to rotate, the magnetic flux passing through the coils 504 changes, according to the electromagnetic induction principle, current flows in the external circuit of the closed circuit and the coils 504, and the device outputs electric energy to the outside. The mechanical energy of the pawl is further converted into electrical energy for output.
In another embodiment, the vibration energy harvesting device uses an electrostatic conversion principle to convert mechanical energy transferred to the interior into electrical energy. As shown in fig. 6, the electrostatic vibration energy harvesting device is an electrostatic energy harvesting device for collecting low-frequency vibration, the energy harvesting device is a rotary electrostatic energy harvesting device, and the pressing plate and the lead screw of the device can receive external vibration energy and convert the low-frequency low-speed external vibration into the rotary mechanical energy of the ratchet wheel. The electrostatic induction portion of the rotary electrostatic energy harvester is mounted between the rotary ratchet and the upper bearing chuck. The charged electret disc 602 is tightly attached to the rotating ratchet wheel, wherein 10 groups of fan-shaped electret patterns which are uniformly distributed on the surface of the disc 602 are contained, each group of patterns contains two fan-shaped areas with the same area, one area is charged, and the other area is uncharged, so that 10 fan-shaped charged electret areas which are distributed at equal intervals are formed. While 10 sets of PCB metal counter electrodes 604 corresponding to the electret pattern were mounted on the upper bearing chuck surface and assembled with the electret disk 602 at a 200 μm spacing. When the ratchet wheel drives the electret disc 602 to rotate, induced charges are alternately generated on the electrodes, and electric energy is output outwards. The mechanical energy of the pawl is further converted into electrical energy for output.
In one embodiment, the vibration energy harvesting device uses a principle of friction-type conversion to convert mechanical energy transferred to the interior into electrical energy. As shown in fig. 7, the friction type vibration energy collecting device is a friction energy collecting device for collecting low frequency vibration, and the energy collector is a rotary friction energy collector, and the pressing plate and the lead screw of the device can receive external vibration energy and convert the low frequency and low speed external vibration into the rotary mechanical energy of the ratchet wheel. The friction electrification part of the rotary friction energy collector is arranged between the ratchet wheel turntable and the device base. The principle of the triboelectric part is a single electrode structure, the bottom of the turntable is adhered with a layer of flexible aluminum foil 702, and a layer of PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) material 704 is adhered on the aluminum foil to serve as a triboelectric material. And the device mount has fan-shaped electrodes similar to those in the electrostatic configuration of figure 6. Two adjacent electrodes in different areas are alternately connected to form two electrodes. When the ratchet wheel drives the electret disc to rotate, because the PTFE material 704 is in contact with and separated from the electrode, inductive charges can be alternately generated on the electrode according to the friction electrification phenomenon, and electric energy is output outwards. The mechanical energy of the pawl is further converted into electrical energy for output.
Further, theoretical analysis is carried out on the working process of the self-generating buoy system in the following, and in the analysis, the distance between the wave plates and the floating device is assumed to be the wavelength of half of ocean waves, and the distance between the two wave plates is assumed to be one ocean wave. In different marine environments, the distance between the wave plates and the buoy can be increased according to the local hydrological conditions, and the number of the wave plates is increased, so that the effect of the wave plates on improving the frequency of the ocean waves is improved, and the water surface stability of the system is further improved.
Fig. 8 schematically shows a theoretical analysis of the operation of the buoy system using two wave plate structures when encountering a wave. The various stages of movement of the self-generating buoy system in the waves are indicated by the numerical numbers in fig. 8-12 (e.g., numbers 1-6 in fig. 8). Referring to fig. 8, when a wave comes from a direction with an angle of 0 degree with the wave plate, in the 2 nd stage, the wave crest moves to the middle position of the stress part of the wave plate, the stress part of the wave plate at the right end is acted by the wave from bottom to top, the one-way valve is closed, the wave plate at the right end is lifted upwards, the wave plate at the other end is acted by the rotating downward pulling force from the connecting part between the two wave plates, similarly, the one-way valve of the wave plate at the left end is closed, and the floating device is kept in place by the seawater resistance. Thus, the movable rod is lifted, and the movable rod and the floating device are displaced in a relative motion. And 3, when the sea wave moves between the floating device and the wave plate, the wave plate returns to the initial position due to the extrusion of the first spring of the vibration energy acquisition device. And 4, when the waves move to the bottom of the floating device, the floating device is lifted by the waves, one-way valves of wave plates at the left end and the right end are opened, the action of downward waves on the wave plates is reduced, the wave plates move upwards together with the floating device under the action of a first spring in the floating device, and the floating device does not move relative to the movable rod. And 5, when the wave moves forward further and moves to a position between the floating device and the second wave plate, the floating device and the wave plates return to the initial positions. Stage 6, when the wave moves to the second wave plate, similar to stage 1, but now the left end wave plate is lifted upwards. Therefore, when a wave comes from a position with an included angle of 0 degree with the wave plate, the wave energy enables the movable rod and the floating device to generate displacement of relative motion twice, namely the movable rod squeezes the vibration energy collecting device twice, and therefore electric energy is obtained. When a wave comes in from a direction that makes an angle of 90 degrees with the wave plate, referring to fig. 9, there is almost no relative movement between the movable bar and the floating device, similar to the case of the 4 th stage of fig. 8.
Fig. 10 schematically shows theoretical analysis of a working process of the self-generating buoy system adopting a three-wave-plate structure when encountering a wave. When a wave comes along a direction of 0 degrees with one of the wave plates, the wave plates can enable the movable rod to generate upward relative motion between the two buoys, but because the distance between the wave plate at the left end and the floating device in the wave transmission direction does not reach the relation of half wavelength, when the wave lifts the wave plate at the left end, the floating device does not descend to the initial position, so that the second relative displacement generated by the floating device and the movable rod is smaller than the first relative displacement, and the second relative displacement generated by the movable rod and the floating device does not reach the displacement of the maximum relative motion.
Fig. 11 schematically shows theoretical analysis of a working process of the self-generating buoy system adopting a four-wave-plate structure when encountering a wave. When a wave comes from the direction with the included angle of 0 degree with one of the wave plates, the working process is similar to the working process of a wave of two wave plate structures coming from the direction with the included angle of 0 degree with the wave plates, and the movable rod can generate two times of upward relative motion with the buoy.
Fig. 12 schematically shows a theoretical analysis of a working process of the self-generating buoy system adopting a four-wave-plate structure when encountering a wave. When a wave comes from a direction with included angles with four wave plates, the working process is similar to that when a self-generating buoy system with three wave plate structures encounters a wave to come along a direction with 0 degree with one of the wave plates, the wave plates can drive the movable rods to move, so that the movable rods and the floating device generate displacement of two relative motions, but the displacement of the second relative motion cannot reach a maximum value.
Fig. 13 shows the working process of the self-generating buoy system with two wave plate structures when a wave comes from a direction with an included angle of 0 degree with the wave plate without a rotating member, and the 2 nd stage and the 4 th stage are respectively connected rigidly with the wave plate due to the movable rod, when the wave plate at the right end is lifted, the movable rod moves upwards and is simultaneously pulled by the connecting part, so that the floating device is pulled to rotate, and the energy collection efficiency is reduced.
Fig. 14 shows that, in the case of no one-way valve, the working process of the self-generating buoy system with two wave plate structures when a wave comes from a direction with an included angle of 0 degrees with the wave plates is equivalent to that the one-way valves of the wave plates at the left and right ends are both opened, at this time, since most of the buoyancy of the sea water and the resistance of the sea water are offset, the floating device and the movable rod cannot produce a large-amplitude relative motion, that is, the vibration energy collecting device has a small effect, and the generated electric energy is also small.
In the description herein, references to the description of "some embodiments," "other embodiments," "desired embodiments," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic depictions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.
All possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments may not be described for the sake of brevity, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present disclosure as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these are all within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A self-generating buoy system comprising:
a floatation device;
the movable rod extends into the floating device and is movably connected with the floating device;
a rotating member comprising a cardan shaft or a cardan hinge;
the wave plate is connected with the movable rod through the rotating piece, the rotating piece is used for enabling the wave plate to rotate on the plane where the movable rod is located, the wave plate rotates by taking the rotating piece as an axis, the wave plate comprises a stress part and a connecting part for connecting the stress part to the rotating piece, and the width of the stress part is larger than that of the connecting part;
and the vibration energy acquisition device is arranged in the floating device, is connected with the movable rod and is used for converting the mechanical energy of the movement of the movable rod into electric energy.
2. The self-generating buoy system of claim 1, wherein the connecting portion is of a hollowed structure.
3. The self-generating buoy system according to claim 1, wherein the force receiving portion is partially hollowed, and a one-way valve is provided at the hollowed position.
4. The self-generating buoy system according to claim 1, further comprising:
the auxiliary energy acquisition device is used for converting acquired energy into electric energy, and the acquired energy is energy in the surrounding environment except wave energy;
and the energy management device is used for storing and managing the electric energy converted by the vibration energy acquisition device and the auxiliary energy acquisition device.
5. The self-generating buoy system as claimed in claim 4, wherein a partition is arranged in the floating device, and the vibration energy collecting device is arranged between the partition and the movable rod.
6. The self-generating buoy system according to claim 5, further comprising a flat plate and a return spring sleeved on the movable rod, wherein the vibration energy collecting device is arranged between the flat plate and the partition plate, and the return spring is arranged between the flat plate and the bottom of the floating device.
7. The self-generating buoy system according to claim 6, further comprising a linear bearing, wherein the linear bearing is sleeved on the movable rod and is located between the movable rod and the bottom of the floating device, and the return spring is arranged between the linear bearing and the flat plate.
8. The self-generating buoy system according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the vibration energy harvesting device further comprises a first spring, and the movable rod drives the first spring to deform when moving relative to the floating device.
9. The self-generating buoy system of claim 1, wherein the movable rod and the floating device are sealed by a sealing ring.
10. The self-generating buoy system according to claim 1, further comprising:
the linear bearing is sleeved on the movable rod;
the reset spring is sleeved on the movable rod.
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| CN114070128A (en) * | 2021-11-13 | 2022-02-18 | 厦门视虹科技有限公司 | Piezoelectric self-powered low-power-consumption remote controller and use method thereof |
| CN114056520B (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2023-03-31 | 华中科技大学 | Self-powered floating type bionic ocean exploration turtle |
| CN117284423B (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-03-01 | 广州海洋地质调查局三亚南海地质研究所 | Ocean energy self-powered small miniature monitoring buoy |
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