CN106550920B - Crab culture pond and method for treating same - Google Patents

Crab culture pond and method for treating same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106550920B
CN106550920B CN201610873258.1A CN201610873258A CN106550920B CN 106550920 B CN106550920 B CN 106550920B CN 201610873258 A CN201610873258 A CN 201610873258A CN 106550920 B CN106550920 B CN 106550920B
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culture pond
crab
feed
spray pipe
control valve
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CN106550920A (en
Inventor
宋国林
母昌考
王春琳
宋微微
李荣华
刘磊
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Ningbo University
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Ningbo University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A01K63/047Liquid pumps for aquaria
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a crab culture pond, which comprises a culture pond and is characterized in that: the side wall of the culture pond is provided with a spray pipe, the spray pipe comprises a spray pipe main body, two flow passages communicated with each other are arranged in the spray pipe main body, one flow passage is used as a first flow passage for homogenizing crab feed, and the other flow passage is used as a second flow passage for cleaning crab excrement, the invention also provides a method for treating the crab culture pond, compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the water pressure of the spray pipe is utilized to realize the automatic removal of the excrement and the residual feed, the excrement discharged through the discharge outlet has more effect and saves investment than the additional increase of the capacity of the biological filter, on the other hand, the water entering the culture pond can be rotated by utilizing the spray pipe to homogenize the distribution of the feed in the culture pond, the invention also provides a method for treating the crab culture pond, when crab feed needs to be spread to the culture pond, the first control valve is closed, and the second control valve is opened; when the crab excrement needs to be cleaned, the reverse operation is carried out.

Description

crab culture pond and method for treating same
Technical Field
The invention relates to an aquaculture device, in particular to a crab culture pond and a method for treating the crab culture pond.
Background
at present, crab breeding production modes are diversified day by day, mainly including a pond type, a fence type, a tile urn type, a net cage type and the like, and the modes have the problems of low stocking density, serious mutual residue phenomenon, low survival rate, trouble mating and the like. And because the common culture mode mainly comprises outdoor culture, the outdoor climate is sometimes difficult to predict, the artificial interference is difficult, and the stable yield is not facilitated. In addition, researches find that in the process of aquatic product cultivation, phenomena of immunity reduction, disease resistance reduction and the like of aquatic product cultivation animals caused by cultivation environment pollution are main factors causing the safety problem of aquatic products, and the root of the cultivation environment pollution lies in unreasonable feed nutrition structure, unscientific feeding and unsuitable cultivation mode. Therefore, a laboratory simulation aquatic product healthy culture mode is established to research and develop safe, efficient and environment-friendly aquatic product compound feed, and scientific feeding is implemented to reduce the pollution of the aquatic product compound feed to the environment, ensure the health of the culture environment and reduce the occurrence of diseases of cultured animals, so that the method is an effective way for safe production of aquatic products.
Aquaria devices, such as aquaria, ponds, etc., for raising aquatic products in general in aquaria ecological laboratories today typically include an air supply system, a water purification system, and a water body heating device, such as oxygen concentration, CO2The control of concentration, pressure and water temperature is a very important link, but in the culture process, the defecation and feeding of aquatic products such as crabs and crabs are carried out in a culture pond, as the culture pond is filled with water, excrement and feed residues are accumulated at the bottom of the culture pond, if the culture pond is not cleaned in time for a long time, organic matters such as residual bait, excrement and dead algae are excessively deposited at the bottom of the culture pond, if the organic matters cannot be completely decomposed, the water body of the culture pond is turbid, and protein is deposited at the bottom of the culture pond, so that secondary pollution of the water body is induced, the dissolved oxygen of the water body is reduced, the concentration of harmful substances such as hydrogen sulfide is increased, meanwhile, the bottom of a poor culture pond also provides a hotbed for mass propagation of pathogenic bacteria, the cleaning of the culture pond at present mainly depends on manual work, and the cleaning difficulty is high; and when the feed is put in, the feed is broadcast by hands of a breeder, so that the feed cannot be uniformly distributed, if the crabs cannot eat the feed, a large amount of feed is dissolved in water, so that the breeder can throw the feed excessively, residual feed is caused, the organic matter content of the aquaculture water body can be increased by excrement and bait residues, the excessive organic matter can cause the propagation of organic matter digestive bacteria, and the organic matter digestive bacteria and ammonia nitrogen converting bacteria compete for growth space, dissolved oxygen and nutrients in a biological membrane. The reproduction rate of the organic matter digestive bacteria is much faster than that of the ammonia nitrogen transformation bacteria, the nitrobacteria (autotrophic bacteria) are difficult to compete with the heterotrophic bacteria,the growth of nitrobacteria is slower, so that the ammonia nitrogen removal rate of the biofilter of the culture system is low, and the ammonia nitrogen exceeds the standard.
disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the crab culture pond capable of quickly cleaning excrement accumulated at the bottom of the culture pond in view of the current technical situation.
Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a crab culture pond capable of uniformly dispersing fed fodder in the culture pond in view of the above prior art.
The invention also aims to provide a method for treating the crab culture pond aiming at the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: this crab culture pond, including breeding the pond, its characterized in that: the lateral wall of breeding the pond is provided with the spray tube, the spray tube is including the spray tube main part, be provided with two routes runners that communicate with each other in the spray tube main part, as the first runner of homogenization crab fodder one way, the second runner of another way as clearance crab excrement, first runner is including first outlet pipe and the first control valve who is used for controlling this first outlet pipe, the second runner including with first outlet pipe vertically second outlet pipe and the second control valve who is used for controlling this second outlet pipe, just evenly open two at least orifices on the pipe wall of second outlet pipe.
Further, a seawater purifier is arranged on the spray pipe main body. When the crab culture pond is used, the spray pipe main body is arranged on the outer side wall of the crab culture pond, the second outlet pipe is parallel to the spray pipe main body, and after seawater is pumped into the spray pipe main body through the water pump, the seawater is purified through the seawater purifier and then enters the culture pond, so that the water in the culture pond can better meet the culture requirement.
Since the distance and diameter of the spray holes determine the intensity and range of water spray into the culture pond, the distance between the spray holes is preferably at least 1 cm.
Further, the middle part of the culture pond is provided with a drain outlet, the drain outlet can be detachably connected with a sieve plate, and a 40-60-mesh bolting silk net is paved on the sieve plate. As the individual crabs are smaller in the period of 1-2, the arranged bolting silk net can prevent the crabs from flowing out of the sewage outlet.
Furthermore, a net with thorns capable of floating crabs is hung in the breeding pond. When the crabs are in the stage 1-2, the crab larvae can be separated from the parent bodies, and the floating nets can stick the crab larvae along with the floating of the culture pond, so that the crab larvae are prevented from escaping.
furthermore, the bottom of the culture pond is provided with at least one box body for the crabs to hide, and sand is filled in the box body. When the crabs are in the 3-stage, the crabs can live in the benthic life, and the box bodies filled with the sand can be used for hiding the crabs.
the invention also provides a method for treating the crab culture pond, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) The method comprises the following steps: before 10 minutes before feeding, opening a first control valve of the spray pipe, closing a second control valve, and then feeding the feed, wherein the total feeding amount of the feed is 3-5% of the weight of the cultured crabs, the feeding of the feed is respectively carried out in the morning, the noon and the evening every day, and the feeding amount proportion of each time is 3: 4: 3;
(2) step two: after the last throwing is finished for 1 hour, the flow barbed wire net is folded, the first control valve of the spray pipe is closed, the second control valve is opened, and sedimentation of residual bait and excrement in water is promoted and the residual bait and excrement are discharged from the sewage outlet.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the density of crabs in the crab culture pond is very high, more excrement is generated, and the crab culture pond is a main source of pollution of a culture water body, the removal of organic matters and ammonia nitrogen in water firstly depends on timely removing of a large amount of excrement and residual feed, the spray pipe is arranged on the crab culture pond, on one hand, the excrement and the residual feed can be automatically removed by utilizing the water pressure of the spray pipe, the excrement and the residual feed are discharged through the discharge port, the effect of additionally increasing the capacity of the biological filter tank is better and the investment is saved, on the other hand, the water entering the crab culture pond can be rotated by utilizing the spray pipe to homogenize the distribution of the feed in the crab culture pond, the invention also provides a method for treating the crab culture pond, when the crab feed is required to be sprinkled to the crab culture pond, only the first control valve is closed, and the second control valve is opened, seawater can drive the flow of seawater in the culture pond after being sprayed, to homogenize the crab feed; when the crab excrement needs to be cleaned, the second control valve is closed, the first control valve is opened, water flow is jetted out through the jet holes, and breeding water is made to rotate, so that the crab excrement is intensively rotated in the middle of the breeding pond.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a culture pond according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the crab culturing pool comprises a culturing pool 1, the culturing pool 1 has a side wall and a bottom plate and a containing space surrounded by the side wall and the bottom plate, the side wall can be surrounded into a round shape, a square shape or other closed shapes, in this embodiment, the side wall of the culturing pool 1 is surrounded into a round shape, and a spray pipe is arranged on the side wall of the culturing pool 1, wherein the spray pipe comprises a spray pipe main body 2, two flow passages are arranged in the spray pipe main body 2, one flow passage is used as a first flow passage 21 for homogenizing crab feed, the other flow passage is used as a second flow passage 22 for cleaning crab excrement, the first flow passage 21 comprises a first outlet pipe 211 and a first control valve 212 for controlling the first outlet pipe 211, the second flow passage 22 comprises a second outlet pipe 221 perpendicular to the first outlet pipe 211 and a second control valve 222 for controlling the second outlet pipe 221, and at least two spray holes 3 are uniformly arranged on the pipe wall of the second outlet pipe 221, the distance between the spray holes 3 is 1cm, when crab feed needs to be spread to the culture pond 1, only the first control valve 212 needs to be opened, and the second control valve 222 needs to be closed, so that the seawater can be sprayed into the first outlet pipe 211 through the spray pipe main body 2 to drive the seawater in the culture pond 1 to flow, and the crab feed is homogenized; when the crab excrement needs to be cleaned, as long as the second control valve 222 is opened, the first control valve 212 is closed, water flow is jetted out through the jet holes 3, breeding water is rotated, and therefore the crab excrement is intensively rotated in the middle of the breeding pond 1, the bottom of the breeding pond 1 is provided with the detachable sieve plate 6, the crab excrement can be discharged from gaps of the sieve plate 6, in addition, the sieve plate 6 is paved with the sieve silk net 7 with 40-60 meshes, and the crab is small in size in the period of 1-2, so that the arranged sieve silk net 7 can prevent the crabs from flowing out of the sewage discharge port 5.
Meanwhile, a flow net 8 for floating crabs is hung in the crab culture pond 1, a plurality of box bodies 9 for hiding the crabs are arranged at the bottom of the crab culture pond 1, sand is filled in the box bodies 9 to meet the growth requirements of different crab growth periods, when the crabs are in the 1-2 period, the crab larvae can be separated from the parent bodies, the flow net 8 can adhere the crab larvae along with the floating of the crab culture pond 1 to prevent the escape of the crab larvae, when the crabs are in the 3 period, the flow net can enter the benthic life, and the box bodies 9 filled with the sand can be used for hiding the crabs.
The invention also provides a method for treating the culture pond, which comprises the following two steps:
(1) The method comprises the following steps: before 10 minutes before feeding, opening a first control valve 212 of a spray pipe, closing a second control valve 222, and then feeding the feed, wherein the total feeding amount of the feed is 4% of the weight of the cultured crabs, the feeding of the feed is respectively carried out in the morning, the noon and the evening every day, and the feeding amount proportion of each time of feeding is 3: 4: 3, the first outlet pipe 211 of the spray pipe is always in a water spraying state in the step so as to reduce the rotation speed of the pond water and delay the settlement of the feed in the water;
(2) Step two: folding the flow barbed net 8 1 hour after the last feed feeding, closing the first control valve 212 of the spray pipe, opening the second control valve 222 to promote the sedimentation of the residual bait and feces in the water and discharge the residual bait and feces from the sewage discharge port 5, wherein the water in the second outlet pipe 221 of the spray pipe is sprayed out from the spray hole 3, and the process is the first timethe spraying holes 3 of the two outlet pipes 221 are always in a spraying state, so that the pool water can rotate, in this embodiment, when the inlet flow of the pool water is 2.5m3When 8 spray holes 3 with the diameter of 6mm are uniformly distributed on the second outlet pipe 221, and the flow velocity at the bottom of the culture pond 1 can be more than 7cm/s, the residual baits at the bottom of the pond can be washed away.

Claims (3)

1. A method for treating a crab culture pond is characterized in that the crab culture pond comprises a culture pond (1), spray pipes are arranged on the side wall of the culture pond (1), each spray pipe comprises a spray pipe main body (2), two flow passages communicated with each other are arranged in the spray pipe main body (2), one flow passage serves as a first flow passage (21) for homogenizing crab feed, the other flow passage serves as a second flow passage (22) for cleaning crab excrement, each first flow passage (21) comprises a first outlet pipe (211) and a first control valve (212) for controlling the first outlet pipe (211), each second flow passage (22) comprises a second outlet pipe (221) perpendicular to the first outlet pipe (211) and a second control valve (222) for controlling the second outlet pipe (221), at least two spray holes (3) are uniformly formed in the pipe wall of the second outlet pipe (221), a flow barbed wire mesh (8) for floating crabs is hung in the culture pond (1), at least one screen plate (355) for filling sand for floating is arranged at the bottom of the culture pond (1), and a drain screen plate (5) is arranged in the culture pond, and a drain screen plate (5) is arranged in the middle of the culture pond (5) and a drain screen plate (6) for laying sieve plate (5) is arranged;
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) The method comprises the following steps: before 10 minutes before feeding, opening a first control valve (212) of the spray pipe, closing a second control valve (222), and then feeding the feed, wherein the total feeding amount of the feed is 3-5% of the weight of the cultured crabs, the feeding of the feed is respectively carried out in the morning, the noon and the evening every day, and the feeding amount proportion of each time is 3: 4: 3;
(2) Step two: 1 hour after the last throwing is finished, the flow thorn net (8) is folded, the first control valve (212) of the spray pipe is closed, the second control valve (222) is opened, and the sedimentation of residual bait and excrement in water is promoted and the residual bait and excrement are discharged from the sewage outlet (5).
2. The method of treating a crab culture pond according to claim 1, wherein: the spray pipe main body (2) is provided with a seawater purifier (4).
3. a method of treating a crab culture pond according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein: the distance between the spray holes (3) is at least 1 cm.
CN201610873258.1A 2016-09-30 2016-09-30 Crab culture pond and method for treating same Active CN106550920B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108522391B (en) * 2018-01-19 2023-10-27 吉林斯麦尔饲料有限公司 Eel feed production equipment and application method thereof
CN109566514B (en) * 2018-10-24 2021-05-18 浙江海洋大学 Variable-flow circulating culture method and device
CN112056249A (en) * 2020-08-10 2020-12-11 杭州开冠网络科技有限公司 Small-size crab cultured equipment convenient to it is clean
CN113875676B (en) * 2021-09-14 2023-04-14 浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所 Intelligent marine organism culture system, matched culture pond and method for constructing system
CN115152687B (en) * 2022-07-29 2023-04-25 浙江省海洋水产研究所 Swimming crab healthy breeding system

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CN200987321Y (en) * 2006-08-01 2007-12-12 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 Prawn culture pool
CN204994443U (en) * 2015-10-08 2016-01-27 乐山师范学院 Device that plant and aquatic animal were supported altogether

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