CN106545567A - 一种滑动推力轴承的pdc止推环 - Google Patents

一种滑动推力轴承的pdc止推环 Download PDF

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CN106545567A
CN106545567A CN201611133373.1A CN201611133373A CN106545567A CN 106545567 A CN106545567 A CN 106545567A CN 201611133373 A CN201611133373 A CN 201611133373A CN 106545567 A CN106545567 A CN 106545567A
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pdc
composite sheets
thrust bearing
blind hole
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赵红梅
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Beijing Chunlun Petroleum Technology Development Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C17/04—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only
    • F16C17/08—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only for supporting the end face of a shaft or other member, e.g. footstep bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/043—Sliding surface consisting mainly of ceramics, cermets or hard carbon, e.g. diamond like carbon [DLC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/28—Brasses; Bushes; Linings with embedded reinforcements shaped as frames or meshed materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2202/00—Solid materials defined by their properties
    • F16C2202/02—Mechanical properties
    • F16C2202/04—Hardness
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2206/00—Materials with ceramics, cermets, hard carbon or similar non-metallic hard materials as main constituents
    • F16C2206/02—Carbon based material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2226/00—Joining parts; Fastening; Assembling or mounting parts
    • F16C2226/10—Force connections, e.g. clamping
    • F16C2226/12—Force connections, e.g. clamping by press-fit, e.g. plug-in
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2352/00—Apparatus for drilling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

一种滑动推力轴承的PDC止推环，属于工程元件技术领域。所述滑动推力轴承的PDC止推环包括环状基体与PDC复合片；所述环状基体端面沿圆周方向均匀设置一组盲孔；所述PDC复合片为圆柱体结构，由金刚石层和PDC复合片基层组成，所述PDC复合片基层以过盈配合方式装配在所述盲孔中，在PDC复合片基层的外圆柱面上设置排气结构。由于本发明在PDC复合片基层的外圆柱面上设置了排气结构，在PDC复合片被压入环状基体盲孔过程中，盲孔中的空气可以及时有效地排出，避免了压装过程中因盲孔中存留空气导致的高温环境下PDC复合片被盲孔中高压气体顶出带来的风险。

Description

一种滑动推力轴承的PDC止推环
技术领域
本发明涉及一种滑动推力轴承，尤其是一种滑动推力轴承的PDC(Polycrystalline Diamond Compact聚晶金刚石复合片简称PDC)止推环，属于工程元件技术领域。
背景技术
涡轮钻具和螺杆钻具是两种常见的石油天然气与地质钻探用井下动力钻具，其作用是将钻井液的液体压力能量转变为机械能量，驱动钻头转动以破碎井底岩石。轴向止推轴承是涡轮钻具和螺杆钻具的易损部件，在对涡轮钻具和螺杆钻具维修时，更换轴向止推轴承是主要操作内容之一。现有技术中井下动力钻具一般配置四支点滚动止推轴承，如附图1所示，该四支点滚动止推轴承由静环1、动环2和钢球3组成，所述静环1、动环2和钢球3的材质为轴承钢(常采用55SiMoV)，尽管通过渗碳、渗氮或碳氮共渗等热处理及表面强化工艺措施，能在一定程度上提高其硬度(HRC48～65)，但因钻井液中含有大量的固相颗粒(如铁矿粉、石英砂等)，这些微颗粒会对轴承静环1、动环2及钢球3配合面造成严重的磨粒磨损，导致钢球3卡滞的现象，使得井下动力钻具止推轴承的工作寿命只有150～200h(钻井液固相含量越高，轴承寿命越短)，不能满足实际工作需要(人们希望井下动力钻具止推轴承的寿命能与动力钻具定转子、壳体及主轴的寿命同步，至少能达到300～600h以上)。
针对现有技术中存在的上述问题，人们设想以一种滑动推力轴承替代现有的四支点滚动止推轴承，如附图2所示，所述滑动推力轴承设有两个相互配合的PDC止推环，其中一个PDC止推环为PDC静环4，另一个PDC止推环为PDC动环5，为提高PDC止推环装配的可靠性、保证滑动推力轴承具备较长的使用寿命，需要对PDC止推环的结构进行优化设计。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种滑动推力轴承的PDC止推环，旨在提高PDC止推环装配的可靠性、保证滑动推力轴承具备较长的使用寿命，降低钻井成本。
为实现上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案是：
一种滑动推力轴承的PDC止推环，包括环状基体与PDC复合片；所述环状基体端面沿圆周方向均匀设置一组盲孔；所述PDC复合片为圆柱体结构，由金刚石层和PDC复合片基层组成，所述PDC复合片基层以过盈配合方式装配在所述盲孔中，在PDC复合片基层的外圆柱面上设置排气结构。
上述滑动推力轴承的PDC止推环，所述排气结构为布置在PDC复合片基层外圆柱面上的排气槽，所述排气槽为楔形槽，由PDC复合片基层底面向上延伸，其轴向高度B大于所述盲孔深度C，即B＞C。
上述滑动推力轴承的PDC止推环，所述排气槽轴向高度B＝2.00～8.00mm，槽底最大深度A＝0.01～5.00mm，槽底圆弧半径R＝0.02～5.00mm，楔形角α＝0.10～15.00°。
上述滑动推力轴承的PDC止推环，所述排气槽数量为1～10个。
上述滑动推力轴承的PDC止推环，所述排气结构为在PDC复合片基层外圆柱面上经线切割或平面磨工艺形成的倾斜平面。
上述滑动推力轴承的PDC止推环，所述倾斜平面的轴向高度B＝2.00～8.00mm，底部最大深度A＝0.01～5.00mm，倾斜角α＝0.10～15.00°。
本发明在采用上述技术方案后，具有如下技术进步的效果：
本发明所述滑动推力轴承的PDC止推环，其PDC复合片以过盈配合方式装配在环状基体的盲孔中，一般采用压力设备完成两者的装配，由于本发明在PDC复合片基层的外圆柱面上设置了排气结构，在PDC复合片被压入环状基体盲孔过程中，盲孔中的空气可以及时有效地排出，避免了压装过程中盲孔中存留空气导致的高温环境下PDC复合片被盲孔中高压气体顶出带来的风险。本发明所述滑动推力轴承的PDC止推环结构简单、制造容易，将其应用于石油天然气与地质钻探用井下动力钻具的轴向止推轴承上，其抗磨粒磨损能力极强，使用寿命可超过300～600小时。
附图说明
图1是现有技术中井下动力钻具配置的四支点滚动止推轴承结构示意图；
图2是本发明所涉及的滑动推力轴承结构示意图；
图3是滑动推力轴承的PDC止推环结构示意图(以PDC动环5为例)；
图4是图3的俯视图；
图5是环状基体剖面结构示意图；
图6是PDC复合片剖面结构示意图；
图7是本发明第一实施例中PDC复合片的仰视图；
图8是本发明第二实施例中PDC复合片的仰视图。
图中各标号表示为：1、静环，2、动环，3、钢球，4、PDC静环，5、PDC动环，5-1、环状基体，5-1-1、盲孔，5-2、PDC复合片，5-2-1、PDC复合片基层，5-2-2、金刚石层，5-2-3、排气结构。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明：
参看图3、图4、图5、图6，一种滑动推力轴承的PDC止推环，包括环状基体5-1与PDC复合片5-2；所述环状基体5-1端面沿圆周方向均匀设置一组盲孔5-1-1；所述PDC复合片5-2为圆柱体结构，由金刚石层5-2-2和PDC复合片基层5-2-1组成，所述PDC复合片基层5-2-1以过盈配合方式装配在所述盲孔5-1-1中，在PDC复合片基层5-2-1的外圆柱面上设置排气结构5-2-3。
参看图6、图7，本发明所述滑动推力轴承的PDC止推环的第一实施例为：环状基体5-1采用4145H优质合金钢棒料，经锻造、调质、车、钻、铰、铣、磨加工形成一个端面均匀分布有22个盲孔5-1-1(盲孔直径D＝10.00mm、深度C＝6.00mm)的环状工件；PDC复合片5-2的直径d＝10.10mm，总高度H＝8.00mm，金刚石层5-2-2的厚度h＝2.00mm，PDC复合片基层5-2-1采用硬质合金材质，其硬度HRA≥87；通过压力设备将PDC复合片5-2-1压装到环状基体5-1的盲孔中，PDC复合片5-2-1与环状基体5-1的盲孔5-1-1之间的过盈量为0.02～0.20mm；排气结构5-2-3为布置在PDC复合片基层5-2-1外圆柱面上的楔形排气槽，由PDC复合片基层5-2-1底面向上延伸，其轴向高度B＝2.00～8.00mm，槽底最大深度A＝0.01～5.00mm，槽底圆弧半径R＝0.02～5.00mm，楔形角α＝0.10～15.00°；排气槽数量为1～10个。
参看图6、图8，本发明所述滑动推力轴承的PDC止推环的第二实施例为：环状基体5-1采用4145H优质合金钢棒料，经锻造、调质、车、钻、铰、铣、磨加工形成一个端面均匀分布有22个盲孔5-1-1(盲孔直径D＝10.00mm、深度C＝6.00mm)的环状工件；PDC复合片5-2的直径d＝10.10mm，总高度H＝8.00mm，金刚石层5-2-2的厚度h＝2.00mm，PDC复合片基层5-2-1采用硬质合金材质，其硬度HRA≥87；通过压力设备将PDC复合片5-2-1压装到环状基体5-1的盲孔5-1-1中，PDC复合片5-2-1与环状基体5-1的盲孔5-1-1之间的过盈量为0.02～0.20mm；排气结构5-2-3为在PDC复合片基层5-2-1外圆柱面上经线切割或平面磨工艺形成的倾斜平面，该倾斜平面的轴向高度B＝2.00～8.00mm，底部最大深度A＝0.01～5.00mm，倾斜角α＝0.10～15.00°。
参看图3至图8，本发明在PDC复合片基层5-2-1的外圆柱面上设置了排气结构，在PDC复合片5-2被压入环状基体5-1的盲孔5-1-1过程中，盲孔5-1-1中的空气可以及时有效地排出，避免了压装过程中因盲孔5-1-1中存留空气导致的高温环境下PDC复合片5-2被盲孔5-1-1中高压气体顶出带来的风险。

Claims (6)

1.一种滑动推力轴承的PDC止推环，其特征在于：所述滑动推力轴承的PDC止推环包括环状基体(5-1)与PDC复合片(5-2)；所述环状基体(5-1)端面沿圆周方向均匀设置一组盲孔(5-1-1)；所述PDC复合片(5-2)为圆柱体结构，由金刚石层(5-2-2)和PDC复合片基层(5-2-1)组成，所述PDC复合片基层(5-2-1)以过盈配合方式装配在所述盲孔(5-1-1)中，在PDC复合片基层(5-2-1)的外圆柱面上设置排气结构(5-2-3)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的滑动推力轴承的PDC止推环，其特征在于：所述排气结构(5-2-3)为布置在PDC复合片基层(5-2-1)外圆柱面上的排气槽，所述排气槽为楔形槽，由PDC复合片基层(5-2-1)底面向上延伸，其轴向高度B大于所述盲孔的深度C，即B＞C。
3.根据权利要求2所述的滑动推力轴承的PDC止推环，其特征在于：所述排气槽轴向高度B＝2.00～8.00mm，槽底最大深度A＝0.01～5.00mm，槽底圆弧半径R＝0.02～5.00mm，楔形角α＝0.10～15.00°。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的滑动推力轴承的PDC止推环，其特征在于：所述排气槽数量为1～10个。
5.根据权利要求1所述的滑动推力轴承的PDC止推环，其特征在于：所述排气结构(5-2-3)为在PDC复合片基层(5-2-1)外圆柱面上经线切割或平面磨工艺形成的倾斜平面。
6.根据权利要求5所述的滑动推力轴承的PDC止推环，其特征在于：所述倾斜平面的轴向高度B＝2.00～8.00mm，底部最大深度A＝0.01～5.00mm，倾斜角α＝0.10～15.00°。
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112513403A (zh) * 2018-07-30 2021-03-16 Xr井下有限责任公司 多晶金刚石推力轴承及其元件
CN116677712A (zh) * 2023-08-02 2023-09-01 吉林大学 一种仿贝壳条纹的表面织构脱钴金刚石止推轴承

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