CN106543737A - 电缆用耐高低温护套材料、护套层及其制备方法 - Google Patents

电缆用耐高低温护套材料、护套层及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106543737A
CN106543737A CN201611111033.9A CN201611111033A CN106543737A CN 106543737 A CN106543737 A CN 106543737A CN 201611111033 A CN201611111033 A CN 201611111033A CN 106543737 A CN106543737 A CN 106543737A
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low temperature
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吴振江
於国良
沈刚
范雷方
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SHANGHAI XINYI POWER LINE EQUIPMENT Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种电缆用耐高低温护套材料、护套层及其制备方法。与现有技术相比，根据本发明实施例的制备方法，采用甲基乙烯基苯基硅橡胶生胶、甲基乙烯基硅橡胶生胶、氧化镁纤维、硅氮烷、羧基硅油、碳酸氢钠、偶氮二甲酰胺、二亚硝基五亚甲基四胺、尿素、醋酸锌、过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化二异丙苯、2＇5‑二甲基‑2＇5‑二叔丁基过氧乙烷制备微孔硅橡胶护套层，该微孔硅橡胶护套层的平均孔径为30μm‑50μm。根据本发明实施例的电缆用耐高低温护套材料，在具有优异的力学性能的同时，具有优异的耐低温和耐高温性能，在极端环境中具有较长的使用寿命，从而使得电缆应用更安全。

Description

电缆用耐高低温护套材料、护套层及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于材料领域，涉及一种电缆用护套材料、护套层及其制备方法，尤其涉及一种电缆用耐高低温护套材料、护套层及其制备方法。
背景技术
经济社会快速发展，电力需求日益增长，传统能源转换成电能的弊端也愈发凸显，能源利用率和环境危害是最突出的问题。因此，如何利用其它清洁能源，如风能、太阳能等供给电力需求，具有重要的意义。我国西部、西北部地区拥有丰富的风能和太阳能等资源，如何通过安全可靠的电力传输线路将获取的清洁能源转换成的电能输送至电网至关重要。西部地区环境较为恶劣，昼夜温度差异巨大，太阳光照射强烈，要求传输线路中的电缆元件具有优异的耐高温和耐低温性能，而电缆的护套层很大程度上决定了电缆的寿命。
在本发明完成之前，尚未见到用与本发明制备方法相同的电缆用耐高低温护套材料，也未见到有与本发明相同的电缆用耐高低温护套材料的制备方法在文献中有记载。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中存在的不足，本发明旨在提供一种电缆用耐高低温护套材料以及电缆用耐高低温护套材料的制备方法。
根据本发明的第一方面，一种电缆用耐高低温护套材料，由甲基乙烯基苯基硅橡胶生胶100重量份、甲基乙烯基硅橡胶生胶20-25重量份、氧化镁(MgO)纤维2-10重量份、硅氮烷10重量份、羧基硅油2重量份、碳酸氢钠1-2重量份、偶氮二甲酰胺(AC)2-5重量份、二亚硝基五亚甲基四胺(H)2-5重量份、尿素(BK)0.5-2.5重量份、醋酸锌0.5-2.5重量份、过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)0.5-0.8重量份、过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)1.5-2.0重量份、以及2＇5-二甲基-2＇5-二叔丁基过氧乙烷(DBPMH)0.5-1重量份制成；所述甲基乙烯基苯基硅橡胶平均摩尔质量640000g/mol，其中苯基摩尔分数为0.12、乙烯基摩尔分数0.15；所述甲基乙烯基硅橡胶的平均摩尔质量为62000g/mol，乙烯基摩尔分数0.3；所述氧化镁纤维直径为10μm-15μm，长度为200μm；所述羧基硅油中羧基的摩尔分数为5％、粘度为35Pa·s。
根据本发明的示例性实施例，所述护套材料具有由微孔分割成三维连续的网状结构，孔隙率为60％-72％，所述微孔平均孔径为30μm-50μm；所述氧化镁纤维之间相互桥联，并与微孔壁相桥联。
根据本发明的另一方面，一种电缆用耐高低温护套层由上述电缆用耐高低温护套材料制得，其中，所述护套层抗张强度为26MPa-32MPa，所述护套层断裂伸长率为400％-500％；在300℃下经过72h热空气老化后，所述护套层强度变化率为±5％，断裂伸长率变化率为±10％；所述护套层在-75℃时的压缩耐寒系数为0.75-0.82；所述护套层的最高使用温度为350℃。
根据本发明的又一方面，一种电缆用耐高低温护套的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
按配比将甲基乙烯基苯基硅橡胶生胶、甲基乙烯基硅橡胶生胶、MgO纤维、硅氮烷、羧基硅油依次加入密炼机中在一定温度下混炼30min；待胶料冷却后，将胶料加入开炼机，加入碳酸氢钠、偶氮二甲酰胺(AC)、二亚硝基五亚甲基四胺(H)、尿素(BK)、醋酸锌、过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)、过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)、2＇5-二甲基-2＇5-二叔丁基过氧乙烷(DBPMH)，混炼10min后制得30mm厚的胶层；
采用硅橡胶押出机将混炼后的胶体挤包在电缆芯外，形成护套层，并通过在线硫化装置对所述护套层进行在线硫化发泡定型处理。
根据本发明的示例性实施例，所述密炼机中的密炼温度为105℃-120℃；所述在线硫化发泡定型处理分为两次，第一次处理温度为125-130℃，在线处理速率为10-15m/min；第二次处理温度为155℃-165℃，在线处理速率为20-25m/min。
本发明所制备的电缆用耐高低温护套材料，是一种由氧化镁纤维复合的、具有平均孔径为30μm-50μm的微孔分割成三维连续网状结构的多孔硅橡胶材料，在具有优异的力学性能的同时，其具有优异的耐低温和耐高温性能。
与现有技术相比，根据本发明的缆用耐高低温护套材料具有显著的力学性能，显著的耐低温和耐高温性能，以及在极端环境中的较长的使用寿命，从而使电缆应用更安全。
具体实施方式
为使本发明技术方案和优点更加清楚，通过以下几个具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1：
按重量份，将100份平均摩尔质量640000g/mol、苯基摩尔分数为0.12、乙烯基摩尔分数为0.15的甲基乙烯基苯基硅橡胶生胶，20份平均摩尔质量为62000g/mol、乙烯基摩尔分数0.3的甲基乙烯基硅橡胶生胶，2份直径为10μm-15μm、长度为200μmMgO纤维，10份硅氮烷，2份羧基的摩尔分数为5％、粘度为35Pa·s的羧基硅油依次加入密炼机中在105℃温度下混炼30min；待胶料冷却后，将胶料加入开炼机，加入1份碳酸氢钠、2份偶氮二甲酰胺(AC)、2份二亚硝基五亚甲基四胺(H)、0.5份尿素(BK)、0.5份醋酸锌、0.5份过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)、1.5份过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)、0.5份2＇5-二甲基-2＇5-二叔丁基过氧乙烷(DBPMH)，混炼10min后制得30mm厚的胶层；
采用硅橡胶押出机将混炼后的胶体挤包在电缆芯外，形成护套层，并通过在线硫化装置进行硫化发泡定型处理；在线硫化发泡定型处理分为两次，第一次处理温度为125℃，在线处理速率为15m/min；第二次处理温度为155℃，在线处理速率为25m/min。
根据实施例1所得护套材料具有由微孔分割成三维连续的网状结构，孔隙率为60％，微孔平均孔径为50μm。
由实施例1的护套材料制备的护套层的抗张强度为26MPa，断裂伸长率为400％；300℃×72h热空气老化后，其强度变化率为-3％，断裂伸长率变化率为8％。所得护套层在-75℃时的压缩耐寒系数为0.75。
实施例2：
按重量份，将100份平均摩尔质量640000g/mol、苯基摩尔分数为0.12、乙烯基摩尔分数为0.15的甲基乙烯基苯基硅橡胶生胶，22份平均摩尔质量为62000g/mol、乙烯基摩尔分数0.3的甲基乙烯基硅橡胶生胶，5份直径为10μm-15μm、长度为200μmMgO纤维，10份硅氮烷，2份羧基的摩尔分数为5％、粘度为35Pa·s的羧基硅油依次加入密炼机中在115℃温度下混炼30min；待胶料冷却后，将胶料加入开炼机，加入1份碳酸氢钠、3份偶氮二甲酰胺(AC)、3份二亚硝基五亚甲基四胺(H)、1.5份尿素(BK)、1.5份醋酸锌、0.6份过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)、1.8份过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)、0.8份2＇5-二甲基-2＇5-二叔丁基过氧乙烷(DBPMH)，混炼10min后制得30mm厚的胶层；
采用硅橡胶押出机将混炼后的胶体挤包在电缆芯外，形成护套层，并通过在线硫化装置进行硫化发泡定型处理；在线硫化发泡定型处理分为两次，第一次处理温度为128℃，在线处理速率为12m/min；第二次处理温度为160℃，在线处理速率为20m/min。
根据实施例2所得护套材料具有由微孔分割成三维连续的网状结构，孔隙率为72％，微孔平均孔径为35μm。
由实施例2的护套材料制备的护套层的抗张强度为32MPa，断裂伸长率为500％；300℃×72h热空气老化后，其强度变化率为-2％，断裂伸长率变化率为5％；所得护套层在-75℃时的压缩耐寒系数为0.82。
实施例3：
按重量份，将100份平均摩尔质量640000g/mol、苯基摩尔分数为0.12、乙烯基摩尔分数为0.15的甲基乙烯基苯基硅橡胶生胶，25份平均摩尔质量为62000g/mol、乙烯基摩尔分数0.3的甲基乙烯基硅橡胶生胶，10份直径为10μm-15μm、长度为200μmMgO纤维，10份硅氮烷，2份羧基的摩尔分数为5％、粘度为35Pa·s的羧基硅油依次加入密炼机中在120℃温度下混炼30min；待胶料冷却后，将胶料加入开炼机，加入2份碳酸氢钠、5份偶氮二甲酰胺(AC)、5份二亚硝基五亚甲基四胺(H)、2.5份尿素(BK)、2.5份醋酸锌、0.8份过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)、2.0份过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)、1份2＇5-二甲基-2＇5-二叔丁基过氧乙烷(DBPMH)，混炼10min后制得30mm厚的胶层；
采用硅橡胶押出机将混炼后的胶体挤包在电缆芯外，形成护套层，并通过在线硫化装置进行硫化发泡定型处理；在线硫化发泡定型处理分为两次，第一次处理温度为130℃，在线处理速率为10m/min；第二次处理温度为165℃，在线处理速率为20m/min。
根据实施例3所得护套材料具有由微孔分割成三维连续的网状结构，孔隙率为70％，微孔平均孔径为30μm。
由实施例3的护套材料制备的护套层的抗张强度为30MPa，断裂伸长率为455％；300℃×72h热空气老化后，其强度变化率为-2％，断裂伸长率变化率为5％；所得护套层在-75℃时的压缩耐寒系数为0.80。
以上所述的具体实施方式，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式而已，并不用于限定本发明的保护范围，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种电缆用耐高低温护套材料，其特征在于，所述护套材料由甲基乙烯基苯基硅橡胶生胶100重量份、甲基乙烯基硅橡胶生胶20-25重量份、氧化镁(MgO)纤维2-10重量份、硅氮烷10重量份、羧基硅油2重量份、碳酸氢钠1-2重量份、偶氮二甲酰胺2-5重量份、二亚硝基五亚甲基四胺2-5重量份、尿素0.5-2.5重量份、醋酸锌0.5-2.5重量份、过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)0.5-0.8重量份、过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)1.5-2.0重量份、以及2，5-二甲基-2，5-二叔丁基过氧乙烷(DBPMH)0.5-1重量份制成；所述甲基乙烯基苯基硅橡胶平均摩尔质量640000g/mol，其中苯基摩尔分数为0.12、乙烯基摩尔分数0.15；所述甲基乙烯基硅橡胶的平均摩尔质量为62000g/mol，乙烯基摩尔分数0.3；所述氧化镁纤维直径为10μm-15μm，长度为200μm；所述羧基硅油中羧基的摩尔分数为5％、粘度为35Pa·s。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电缆用耐高低温护套材料，其特征在于，所述护套材料具有由微孔分割成三维连续的网状结构，孔隙率为60％-72％，所述微孔平均孔径为30μm-50μm；所述氧化镁纤维之间相互桥联，并与微孔壁相桥联。
3.一种电缆用耐高低温护套层，其特征在于，所述护套层由权利要求1或者2所述的电缆用耐高低温护套材料制得，其中，所述护套层抗张强度为26MPa-32MPa，所述护套层断裂伸长率为400％-500％；在300℃下经过72h热空气老化后，所述护套层强度变化率为±5％，断裂伸长率变化率为±10％；所述护套层在-75℃时的压缩耐寒系数为0.75-0.82；所述护套层的最高使用温度为350℃。
4.一种电缆用耐高低温护套的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
按配比将甲基乙烯基苯基硅橡胶生胶、甲基乙烯基硅橡胶生胶、氧化镁纤维、硅氮烷、羧基硅油依次加入密炼机中在一定温度下混炼30min；待胶料冷却后，将胶料加入开炼机，加入碳酸氢钠、偶氮二甲酰胺、二亚硝基五亚甲基四胺、尿素、醋酸锌、过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)、过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)、2，5-二甲基-2，5-二叔丁基过氧乙烷(DBPMH)，混炼10min后制得30mm厚的胶层；
将混炼后的胶体挤包在电缆芯外，形成护套层，并对所述护套层进行在线硫化发泡定型处理。
5.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述密炼机中的密炼温度为105℃-120℃；所述在线硫化发泡定型处理分为两次，第一次处理温度为125-130℃，在线处理速率为10-15m/min；第二次处理温度为155℃-165℃，在线处理速率为20-25m/min。
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