CN106537035A - Combustion of lithium at different temperatures and pressures and with gas surpluses using porous tubes as burners - Google Patents
Combustion of lithium at different temperatures and pressures and with gas surpluses using porous tubes as burners Download PDFInfo
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- CN106537035A CN106537035A CN201580039635.5A CN201580039635A CN106537035A CN 106537035 A CN106537035 A CN 106537035A CN 201580039635 A CN201580039635 A CN 201580039635A CN 106537035 A CN106537035 A CN 106537035A
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- metal
- gas
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- combustion
- combustion gas
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
- F23J15/027—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using cyclone separators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using solid fuels; Combustion processes therefor
- F23B2900/00003—Combustion devices specially adapted for burning metal fuels, e.g. Al or Mg
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
- F23C9/06—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for completing combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C99/00—Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F23C99/006—Flameless combustion stabilised within a bed of porous heat-resistant material
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for combusting a metal M, selected from alkali, alkaline earth metals, aluminum, and zinc, and alloys and/or mixtures thereof, using a combustion gas. The combustion is carried out by means of a porous burner (3) which comprises a porous tube as the burner. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out the method and to the use of a porous burner which comprises a porous tube as the burner for combusting the metal M using the combustion gas.
Description
The present invention relates to the method for using fuel gas buring metal M, metal M selected from alkali metal, alkaline-earth metal, aluminum and zinc and its
Alloy and/or mixture, wherein by being burnt as the multi-orifice burner of burner including antipriming pipe.The invention further relates to
Device for implementing said method and multi-orifice burner are with the purposes in fuel gas buring metal M, the multi-orifice burner bag
Antipriming pipe is included as burner, the metal M is selected from alkali metal, alkaline-earth metal, aluminum and zinc and its alloy and/or mixture.
For many years, it has been proposed that many energy production lists made using the thermal technology produced in the oxidizing process of lithium metal
First (such as United States Patent (USP) 33 28 957).In such a system, water and lithium react with each other generation lithium hydroxide, hydrogen and steaming
Vapour.In the other positions of the system, the hydrogen generated by the reaction between lithium and water combines to form other steam with oxygen.So
Afterwards, the steam is used to drive turbine etc., is derived from energy production source.Lithium can be additionally used for obtaining basic material.Example
Such as, lithium nitride is reacted into nitrogen, subsequently hydrolyzes ammonification, or with carbon dioxide reaction into lithia and carbon monoxide.The institute of lithium
The solid-state final product difference for stating reaction is oxide or carbonic acid (optionally after hydrolysis, such as in the case of nitride)
Salt, may then pass through electrolysis and the oxide or carbonate is reduced into lithium metal again.A kind of circulation is which establishes, at this
Can produce, store by wind-power electricity generation, photovoltaic generation or other regenerative resources in circulation surplus electric power and by its
Reconvert telegram in reply power when needed, or chemical fundamentals material can be obtained.
Generally lithium is prepared using melt flows electrolytic process.For the process, the efficiency of about 42%-55% is produced, never
The process data for having the temperature correction of standard electrode potential is calculated.In addition to lithium, similar metal can also be used, for example sodium, potassium,
Magnesium, calcium, aluminum and zinc.
As solid-state or liquid residue can be produced depending on temperature and combustion gas when lithium is burnt, so especially will note to this
Meaning.Additionally, regarding construction and the operation of the stove for lithium metal (such as liquid form) of burning in different atmosphere and under stress
Depending on, waste gas and solid/liquid can be produced as combustion product.These solids and liquid must be from waste gas as fully as possible
Separate.
Here, it is important substantially completely to separate liquid and solid-state residue of combustion from waste gas stream, to fill in downstream
Any surface deposits or obturator are not produced in putting.Especially it is highly desirable to and waste gas stream is directed directly to into gas turbine,
There then must assure that all particles are removed completely from waste gas stream.These particles cause long-term damage to the blade of gas turbine
Evil, and cause equipment fault.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of method and a kind of equipment, can fired with combustion gas using the method and equipment
Burn selected from the metal M of alkali metal, alkaline-earth metal, Al and Zn and its alloys and mixts when effectively from waste gas remove solid and/
Or liquid reacting product.Further object is that providing a kind of equipment, effectively drawn game can be realized with the equipment
Portion limitedly uses fuel gas buring metal M, and combustion product will not be distributed in a combustion chamber too much, and thus, it is possible to be easier
Ground is separated.Additionally, the present invention also aims to the burning of metal M and combustion gas can be efficiently controlled.
The purpose is by using the porous burner including antipriming pipe as burner during with fuel gas buring metal M
Device is realizing.It has been found that the burning that can be positioned at by using multi-orifice burner at multi-orifice burner, wherein firing in porous
Also occurs combustion product at burner.For example in the case of atomization, product occurs in whole reactor and must be with
Solid and liquid reacting product are separated again by the mode of complicated (wasting time and energy) with gaseous reaction products；And with porous burner
In the case that device burns, solid and liquid reacting product are especially positioned near multi-orifice burner, be thus conducive to by its with
Combustion product is separated.By this way, whole burner can also be designed to be compacter, and can be by positioning combustion
Burning process and fuel design must be more relaxed to device.
According in a first aspect, the present invention relates to a kind of method of use fuel gas buring metal M, metal M is selected from alkali metal, alkali
Earth metal, aluminum and zinc and its alloy and/or mixture, wherein by carrying out as the multi-orifice burner of burner including antipriming pipe
The burning.
On the other hand according to, the present invention relates to the equipment of the metal M that is used to burning, wherein the metal M is selected from alkali metal, alkali
Earth metal, aluminum and zinc and its alloy and/or mixture, the equipment include：
- multi-orifice burner, which includes antipriming pipe as burner,
- for the feed arrangement of metal M, the preferably metal M of liquid form, the feed arrangement leads in multi-orifice burner
Portion, which is designed to the multi-orifice burner metal M for feeding metal M, the preferably form of liquid,
- for the feed arrangement of combustion gas, which is designed to feed combustion gas, and
- optionally, for providing the heater of the metal M of liquid form, which is designed to make metal M liquefy
In addition, the present invention is related to multi-orifice burner with the purposes in fuel gas buring metal M, the porous according to another aspect
Burner includes antipriming pipe as burner, and the metal M is selected from alkali metal, alkaline-earth metal, aluminum and zinc and its alloy and/or mixes
Compound.
Other aspects of the present invention can be drawn from dependent claims and detailed description of the invention and accompanying drawing.
Accompanying drawing is intended to illustrate embodiments of the present invention and further understand the present invention.Combined with detailed description of the invention, they
For illustrating design and the principle of the present invention.Other embodiment and mentioned many advantages are obtained referring to the drawings.
The key element of accompanying drawing is not necessarily relative to each other shown to scale.Unless otherwise stated, identical, with identical function
With the key element of same effect, feature and part in the accompanying drawings respectively with same reference.
Fig. 1 schematically shows the exemplary arrangement of equipment of the invention.
Fig. 2 schematically shows the detail view of the another exemplary arrangement of equipment of the invention.
Fig. 3 schematically shows another detail view of the another exemplary arrangement of equipment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is shown schematically in the feed arrangement of carrier gas and leads to cutting in the region of reactor through exemplary this
The exemplary cross section of bright equipment.
Fig. 5 show can the method according to the invention lithium and the carbon dioxide exemplary reaction implemented into lithium carbonate signal
Figure.
Fig. 6 shows can the method according to the invention lithium and the nitrogen exemplary reaction implemented be into lithium nitride and other are secondary
The schematic diagram of product.
The present invention is related to the method with fuel gas buring metal M in the first aspect, and metal M is selected from alkali metal, alkaline earth gold
Category, aluminum and zinc and its alloy and/or mixture, wherein, institute is carried out as the multi-orifice burner of burner by including antipriming pipe
State burning.
According to specific embodiment, metal M is selected from：Alkali metal, preferably Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs；Alkaline-earth metal, preferably
Ground Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba, A1 and Zn；And their mixture and/or alloy.In a preferred embodiment, metal M is selected from
Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, A1 and Zn, further preferably lithium or magnesium, and metal M is particularly preferably lithium.
According to specific embodiment, it is considered to can be with the mixture and/or alloy of the metal M or metal M with exothermic reaction
The gas for reacting is not particularly limited as combustion gas, wherein these gases.For example, the combustion gas may include air, oxygen, two
Carbonoxide, hydrogen, vapor, nitrogen oxide NOx such as nitrous oxide, nitrogen, sulfur dioxide or its mixture.Therefore, the party
Method can also be used for desulfurization or NOx is removed.Depending on combustion gas, here can obtain various products with different metal M, and these products can
Or even to occur as solid, liquid and in gaseous form.
Thus, for example metal M (such as lithium) can generate other metal nitride, such as lithium nitride with the reaction of nitrogen,
Then which can be made further to react ammonification later, and metal M (such as lithium) can generates such as metal with the reaction of carbon dioxide
Carbonate (such as lithium carbonate), carbon monoxide, metal oxide (such as lithia), or metal carbides (such as lithium carbide),
And also have its mixture, wherein (for example also having long-chain) that higher value can be obtained by carbon monoxide hydrocarbonaceous product, such as
Methane, ethane etc. are until gasoline, diesel oil, also have methyl alcohol etc., such as by Fischer-Tropsch process (Fischer-Tropsch)；And by metal carbon
Compound (such as lithium carbide) can obtain such as acetylene.Additionally, such as gold also for example can be generated with nitrous oxide as combustion gas
Category nitride.
Other described metals can also have similar reaction.
Multi-orifice burner is not particularly limited according to the present invention, as long as which includes antipriming pipe as burner, metal M
The antipriming pipe can be fed at least one opening.Preferably, metal M only by one of pipe opening charging and
The other end of the pipe is closed or is equally made up of the material of antipriming pipe.Antipriming pipe here can for example be by aluminum oxide or oxygen
Change earthenware or porous metal tube that magnesium is constituted, such as by iron, chromium, nickel, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, tungsten, zircaloy and these metals
Alloy and steel such as stainless steel and chromium-nickel steel are made.Multi-orifice burner is preferably made up of such material, and the material is selected from
Alloy and the steel such as stainless steel and chrome-nickel steel of iron, chromium, nickel, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, tungsten, zircaloy and these metals.Suitable material
Material is, for example, to corrode the austinitic chrome nickel steel for tolerating very much, but the such as AC of the material with 32% nickel and 20% chromium at high temperature to sodium
66, Incoloy 800 or Pyrotherm G 20132 Nb also show relatively favourable etching characteristic.Multi-orifice burner its
Its component is not further limited, and may include feed arrangement and optionally incendiary source etc. for metal M.
According to specific embodiment, metal M is guided in fluid form into multi-orifice burner and by the porous
Burner combustion, wherein optionally by combustion gas guide to multi-orifice burner outer surface and with mono- combusts of metal M.However,
The internal mix as in traditional multi-orifice burner is not carried out according to specific embodiment, hole is avoided by solid-state reaction
Product is blocked.Therefore, according to specific embodiment, multi-orifice burner is a kind of multi-orifice burner without internal mix.Using
In the case of multi-orifice burner, this some holes is only used for increasing the surface area of alloy L according to specific embodiment.However, continuous
In the case of the alloy L of charging electropositive metal, the reaction with combustion gas can be in the near surface of multi-orifice burner in this some holes
Exit occurs, as long as may insure that the alloy L subsequently conveyed by generated product is transferred out from multi-orifice burner
.However, according to specific embodiment, combustion reaction occurs outside the hole of multi-orifice burner, such as in multi-orifice burner
On surface or or even alloy L from multi-orifice burner discharge after, i.e., only discharge alloy L surface on occur.
According to specific embodiment, the metal M of liquid form is supplied to multi-orifice burner inside multi-orifice burner.This
Cause that metal M is better distributed in multi-orifice burner and the alloy is more uniformly discharged from the hole of antipriming pipe, so as to can
There is reaction evenly between metal M and combustion gas.The aperture that the hole of pipe can for example be passed through, the metal M for being used, metal
The density (density can be related to the temperature of metal M) of M, metal M is incorporated into the pressure used by multi-orifice burner, gaseous-pressure or
Combustion gas applying/feed rate etc. is suitably controlling the burning of metal M and combustion gas.Thus, for example for lithium metal M according to concrete
Embodiment is used in fluid form, i.e., for example higher than 180 DEG C of the fusing point of lithium.Liquid metal M heres can be pressed into porous
Guan Zhong, such as, also by means of another gas under pressure, the gas is unrestricted.Then, liquid metal M passes through antipriming pipe
Hole reach surface, and obtain corresponding product with gas combustion.
According to specific embodiment, combustion gas is guided to the outer surface of multi-orifice burner and burnt with metal M.Thus
The hole that can avoid or reduce antipriming pipe is blocked, so as to preventing the cleaning of multi-orifice burner also or reducing abrasion.
Burning by metal M in porous pipe surface reduces the trend that little particle is transferred in gas compartment/reative cell,
So that larger product drop is produced at most, but these drops easily can be separated from gaseous reaction products, for example
Can be deposited on the reactor wall by whirlwind (cyclone separator).Here, reactor wall for example can be cold with heat exchanger
But, wherein these heat exchangers can also be connected to turbine and generator.
According to specific embodiment, burning is carried out at such temperatures, and the temperature is higher than the reaction in metal M and combustion gas
The fusing point of the salt of middle formation.Here, the salt formed in the burning of metal M and combustion gas can have the fusing point of the fusing point higher than metal M,
Allow to need to feed liquid metal M at elevated temperatures.In addition, by the temperature in the fusing point higher than formed salt
Under burning can avoid the salt pollution or cover formed by multi-orifice burner so that multi-orifice burner can be better protected from dirty
Dye, for example, can also prevent this some holes from polluting.This cleaning for making it possible to preferably operation equipment and reducing the equipment, for example even
Can be cleaned using the longer time.Liquid reaction product on burner simply can also be dripped.Particularly
In the case of these methods of temperature higher than the fusing point of formed salt, the material of burner is preferably capable of tolerating the temperature
The alloy of those of degree, such as iron, chromium, nickel, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, tungsten, zircaloy and these metals, and stainless steel.
Ignition temperature is preferably higher than the fusing point of corresponding product, thus makes the hole of multi-orifice burner not be blocked simultaneously
And being capable of output-response product.Further, depending on visual response product, belonging in liquid and can also carry out between M and product
A certain degree of mixing so that burning does not only partly carry out but also can be distributed in the whole table of pipe at the open outlet of hole
Mode on face is carried out.This for example can be controlled by the charging rate of category M.
According to specific embodiment, feed metal M as the alloy of at least two metal M to multi-orifice burner.Thus
The decline of metal M and the fusing point of slaine for being formed can be realized so that the method can at a lower temperature and and then
By to equipment compared with relax in the way of carry out, and can be reduced or avoided in a device use high fire resistance material.
Additionally, according to specific embodiment, burning can use certain excessive combustion gas to carry out, such as combustion gas is rubbed with metal M's
You are than being 1.01:1 or bigger, preferably 1.05:1 or bigger, further preferably 5:1 or bigger, still further preferably 10：
1 or bigger, such as even 100：1 or bigger, by EGT stable in specific range of temperatures.Can also be used in this combustion gas
The radiating of the expander sections to turbine etc..
Can divide from solid-state and/or liquid reaction product in the case of with fuel gas buring metal M in addition in the method
From waste gas, wherein according to specific embodiment, combustion gas is burnt in reactions steps with metal M, and generate waste gas and other
Solid-state and/or liquid reaction product, and waste gas is separated from solid-state and/or liquid reaction product in separating step.Here,
Carrier gas can be added in separating step in addition, and can be discharged carrier gas as the mixture with waste gas.Here, carrier gas can be with
Equivalent to waste gas, so as to the waste gas equivalent to the carrier gas for being fed for example is generated in burning；Also or carrier gas can with equivalent to
Combustion gas.Therefore, according to specific embodiment, these product can be separated after combustion in the method for the invention.
According to the present invention, carrier gas is not particularly limited, and equivalent to combustion gas, but also be able to can be different from.As load
Gas for example can using air, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxygen, methane, hydrogen, vapor, nitrogen, nitrous oxide, these
Mixture of two or more in gas etc..Here, the various gases of such as methane can be used for Heat transmission and by metal M with
The reaction heat of the reaction of combustion gas is derived from reactor.Various carrier gas for example can suitably with combustion gas and metal M reaction phase
Match somebody with somebody, so that here may realize cooperative effect.The gas optionally used when metal M is fed equally can be equivalent to carrier gas.
In order that carbon dioxide is burnt (carbon monoxide can be generated in the combustion process) with the metal M of such as lithium, can example
Carbon monoxide is used as into carrier gas and optionally circular flow such as, i.e., is followed at least partly as carrier gas again after it is derived
Ring.In this case, carrier gas is matched with waste gas so that optionally can be taken out a part of carrier gas as useful products, example
Such as it is used for subsequent Fischer-Tropsch-synthesis, while the carrier gas is by carbon dioxide and the combustive regeneration of metal M so that carbon dioxide is total
Carbon monoxide is at least partly converted on body, preferably up to 90 volumes % or it is more, further preferably 95 volumes % or it is more,
Still further preferably 99 volumes % or more and particularly preferably up to 100 volumes %, based on the carbon dioxide for being used, and make
Take out for useful products.The carbon monoxide of generation is more, then derived carbon monoxide is cleaner.
In the case of nitrogen with metal M (such as lithium) burnings, such as nitrogen can be used as carrier gas, so as to remove the carrier gas
Outside nitrogen, the unreacted nitrogen from the burning can also be present as " waste gas " in the offgas, thus can be simpler
Carry out desired gas and separate, and according to specific embodiment, carrying out phase using parameter that is suitable, may easily be determined
In the case of Ying Di, preferably quantitatively burn metal M and nitrogen, it might even be possible to gas separation need not be carried out.For example, can be from generation
Nitride in by washing or cooling easily remove ammonia.
According to specific embodiment, at least a portion waste gas can be equivalent to carrier gas.For example, waste gas can be at least 10 bodies
Product %, preferably 50 volumes % or it is more, further preferably 60 volumes % or it is more, still further preferably 70 volumes % or
It is more, and even more preferably 80 volumes % or more degree on equivalent to carrier gas, the cumulative volume based on waste gas.According to concrete reality
Mode is applied, based on the cumulative volume of waste gas, combustion gas can be in 90 volumes % or more degree equivalent to carrier gas, and in some feelings
Even can be in the degree of 100 volumes % equivalent to carrier gas under condition.
According to specific embodiment, in the method for the invention can be by the mixture of waste gas and carrier gas at least in part again
Feed to separating step and as carrier gas and/or feed to combustion step as combustion gas.The recycling of the mixture of waste gas and carrier gas
Can for example 10 volumes % or more, preferably 50 volumes % or it is more, further preferably 60 volumes % or it is more, also enter one
Step preferably 70 volumes % or it is more, even more preferably still carry out in 80 volumes % or more degree, based on carrier gas and waste gas
Cumulative volume.Can be in 90 volumes % or more degree according to the recycling of the mixture of specific embodiment, waste gas and carrier gas
On carry out, based on carrier gas and the cumulative volume of waste gas.According to the preferred embodiment for the present invention, the reaction between combustion gas and metal M can
So that the mode that carrier gas is formed as waste gas is realized, such as using carbon dioxide as combustion gas and carbon monoxide as carrier gas, from
And the mixture of carrier gas and waste gas substantially, preferably in 90 volumes % or more degree, further preferably in 95 bodies
In product % or more degree, still further preferably in 99 volumes % or more degree, particularly preferably in 100 bodies
It is made up of carrier gas in the degree of product %, based on waste gas and the mixture of carrier gas.Here, carrier gas then can continuously circular flow and
With its measuring out for regenerating by metal M and the burning of combustion gas.Pure circulation with carrier gas (wherein optionally carries out carrier gas
With the separation of waste gas) compare, useful products, such as carbon monoxide can be for example obtained here, which can be continuously removed.
According to specific embodiment, the separating step in the inventive method enters in cyclone separator or cyclone reactor
OK.Here cyclone reactor is not particularly limited in terms of its construction, and can for example have conventional cyclone reactor to be had
Some forms.
For example, cyclone reactor can include：
Conversion zone, can be connected with the conversion zone for combustion gas, metal M and carrier gas that (they optionally can also
In advance combination and be subsequently fed to the conversion zone together) feed arrangement, such as with rotational symmetric upper member
Form,
Separated region, for example, be configured to taper,
With unload pressure chamber, unload and the solid-state that obtains with fuel gas buring for metal M can be connected with pressure chamber and/or liquid is anti-at this
The device for discharging of product is answered, such as in the form of rotary vane feeder；With the device for discharging of the mixture for waste gas and carrier gas, institute
State mixture to obtain after mixing two gas after metal M burns in combustion gas.
These device components are for example typically found in cyclone separator.However, whirlwind used according to the invention is anti-
Answer device there be different constructions, and optionally may also include other region.For example, regional (for example reacts
Region, separated region, unload pressure chamber) can also be with reference in a part of exemplary cyclone reactor and/or extending across
Multiple parts of cyclone reactor.Here, the addition of such as carrier gas also can be realized in such region, wherein metal M and combustion
The reaction of gas is just being carried out or or even is being over.
Product is made to remain essentially in the center of reactor such as furnace chamber by whirlwind.And because by porous
Burning at the surface of pipe will not produce little particle as in the case of atomization, so waste gas does not contain solid or liquid
Grain, therefore gas turbine or expansion turbine can also be connected in waste gas stream middle and lower reaches.This burning is utilized in these cases
Design can be introduced directly into waste gas stream in gas turbine in burning metal M and after separating product.
According to specific embodiment, EGT can be excessively controlled by gas in different combustion processes so that its
Higher than product or the melt temperature of its mixture.
According to specific embodiment, cyclone reactor also includes grid, can be in metal M and fuel gas buring by the grid
When derive solid-state and/or liquid reaction product.This grid can extraly prevent solid-state and/or liquid reaction in cyclone reactor
Subsequently there is convolution in product.
The product of burning can be used to produce energy, preferably by using at least one expansion turbine and/or extremely
A few gas turbine, such as steam turbine, and/or at least one heat exchanger and/or at least one boiler, wherein according to tool
Body embodiment, both can for example be using the solid-state and/or liquid in the case of heat exchanger using generation here at reactor
State product, can utilize gaseous reaction products again.
According to specific embodiment, can be by waste gas and carrier gas in the case of using the cyclone reactor with carrier gas supply
Mixture be for example used in the reactor and/or during derived from reactor and/or afterwards heating boiler or use
In the heat transfer in heat exchanger or turbine (such as gas turbine or expansion turbine).
Additionally, can after combustion under elevated pressure according to the mixture of specific embodiment, carrier gas and waste gas, example
Such as larger than 1 bar, at least 2 bars, at least 5 bars or at least 20 bars.
Additionally, according to a further aspect in the invention, the equipment for the metal M that burns is disclosed, the metal M is selected from alkali gold
Category, alkaline-earth metal, aluminum and zinc and its alloy and/or mixture, the equipment include：
- multi-orifice burner, which includes antipriming pipe as burner,
- for the feed arrangement of metal M, the preferably metal M of liquid form, the feed arrangement leads in multi-orifice burner
Portion, which is designed to the multi-orifice burner metal M for feeding metal M, preferably liquid form,
- for the feed arrangement of combustion gas, which is designed to feed combustion gas, and
- optionally, for providing the heater of the metal M of liquid form, which is designed to make metal M liquefy.
Here, multi-orifice burner can be configured as described above.Feed arrangement for metal M may be, for example, heated
Pipe or flexible pipe or conveyer belt, which suitably, for example can be determined according to the coherent condition of metal M.Optionally, use in addition
The feed arrangement for metal M can also be connected in the feed arrangement of gas, the feed arrangement for gas is optional
Ground has control unit, and such as valve can adjust the charging of metal M using the valve.Equally, the feed arrangement for combustion gas can structure
Make as pipe or flexible pipe etc., which can optionally be heated, wherein, feed arrangement suitably can be determined according to the state of gas, should
Gas optionally can also be under pressure.Can also be that metal M or combustion gas arrange multiple feed arrangements.
According to specific embodiment, be arranged so as to the feed arrangement for combustion gas so that its by combustion gas at least in part and
Preferably entirely guide to the surface of multi-orifice burner.Thus achieve the reaction of the improvement between metal M and combustion gas.
Additionally, according to preferred embodiment, being arranged so as to multi-orifice burner so that the product and optional that burning is generated
The unreacted metal M in ground can pass through gravity and separate from the surface of multi-orifice burner, for example by make multi-orifice burner vertically,
Point to ground ground to install in the reactor.In the case where porous burner pipe is vertically arranged in furnace chamber, the liquid for being generated is anti-
Answer product flow out from pipe, then drip downward into furnace bottom.Also having burnt in like fashion may dissolving, such as lithium metal M
(its in advance the unreacted at the multi-orifice burner), and reaction heat is sent in the combustion gas and carrier gas flow through.
According to specific embodiment, multi-orifice burner is made up of following material, the material chosen from Fe, chromium, nickel, niobium, tantalum,
Alloy and the steel such as stainless steel and chrome-nickel steel of molybdenum, tungsten, zirconium and these metals.These materials are preferably used for relatively high temperature
Application under degree, wherein can enter in a simpler manner with liquid metal M and optionally with the reaction of the liquid metal salt for generating
OK.
In certain embodiments, equipment of the invention can also have the separator of the combustion product for metal M, its
It is designed to metal M is separated with the combustion product of combustion gas, wherein the separator is preferably cyclone reactor.
Separator here can be used to waste gas is separated when metal M is with fuel gas buring, and may include：
- reactor, is provided with multi-orifice burner and installs or be provided for the feed arrangement of metal M, and to this
Feed combustion gas, the i.e. feed arrangement for combustion gas to be connected to or arrange in the reactor in reactor；
- for the feed arrangement of carrier gas, which is designed to reactor feed carrier gas；
- for waste gas and the device for discharging of the mixture of carrier gas, which is designed to derive and is obtained with fuel gas buring by metal M
The mixture that the waste gas for arriving and carrier gas are constituted；With
- for the solid-state that obtains of burning and/or the device for discharging of liquid reaction product of metal M and combustion gas, which is designed
The solid-state obtained for the burning for deriving metal M and combustion gas and/or liquid reaction product.
Feed arrangement for carrier gas is limited and including such as pipe, flexible pipe etc. also without special, wherein can be suitably
Feed arrangement for carrier gas is determined according to the state of carrier gas, the carrier gas is optionally can be under pressure.
Reactor is also without especially restriction, as long as combustion gas can be carried out wherein with the burning of metal M.According to concrete
Embodiment, reactor can be such as the whirlwind for illustrating in Fig. 1 and be shown specifically in another embodiment in fig. 2
Reactor.
According to specific embodiment, cyclone reactor may include：
Conversion zone, can be connected with the conversion zone and fire for combustion gas, the feed arrangement of metal M and carrier gas and porous
Burner, such as in the form of rotational symmetric upper member,
Separated region, for example, be configured to taper,
With unload pressure chamber, unload and the solid-state that obtains with fuel gas buring for metal M can be connected with pressure chamber and/or liquid is anti-at this
Answer the device for discharging of product, such as the discharger in the form of rotary vane feeder, and unload for the mixture of waste gas and carrier gas
Material device, the mixture are obtained after mixing two gas after metal M burns in combustion gas.
These device components are for example typically found in cyclone separator.However, whirlwind used according to the invention is anti-
Answer device also have different constructions, and optionally may also include other region.For example, regional (such as reaction zone
Domain, separated region, unload pressure chamber) can also be with reference in a part of exemplary cyclone reactor and/or extending across rotation
Multiple parts of wind reactor.
Exemplary cyclone reactor is shown in Fig. 1.Cyclone reactor 6 shown in Fig. 1 includes conversion zone 20a, divides
From region 20b and unload pressure chamber 20c, separated region 20b not only together with conversion zone 20a in upper member 6a but also with unload pressure chamber
20c is together in lower member 6b.Top be connected with cyclone reactor be for combustion gas feed arrangement 1 (for example with
The pipe being optionally heated or the form of flexible pipe) and for 2 (such as pipe to be optionally heated of feed arrangement of metal M
Or the form of flexible pipe), wherein entering row metal M to the charging of multi-orifice burner 3.According to Fig. 1, the charging of metal M is by for gas
The feed arrangement 2' of body as manage or flexible pipe in gas realizing, the available valve 2 of its charging " controlling.Metal M and combustion gas are fed
To conversion zone 20a.By feed arrangement 4, carrier gas is fed to the region 4' for gas distribution, then from the region 4'
Carrier gas is fed to by separated region 20b by nozzle 5, whirlwind can be formed by the nozzle 5.With the area for gas distribution
The detail view of this feed arrangement 4 of domain 4' and nozzle 5 is in Fig. 4 (diagram without multi-orifice burner 3) with cross section by example
Property illustrate, but also there may be multiple nozzles, for example exist with the appropriate interval of the inwall in circle zone 4', to produce
The suitable whirlwind of life.By the device for discharging 7 of the solid-state that obtains for metal M and fuel gas buring and/or liquid reaction product from
Solid-state and/or liquid reaction product derive in lower member 6b of pressure chamber 20c including being unloaded, and by for the mixed of waste gas and carrier gas
The device for discharging 8 of compound derives the mixture of waste gas and carrier gas.
Optionally, igniter, such as electric ignition device or plasma arcs may be needed in the apparatus of the present: invention, its
In this depend on：The type and state of metal M, such as its temperature and/or coherent condition；Exchangeability, for example its pressure and/or
Temperature；And in the equipment components and parts arrangement, the type and performance of such as feed arrangement.
In order to constructively realize high EGT (be greater than 200 DEG C, such as even 600 DEG C or higher, Yi Ji
700 DEG C or higher in particular implementation), and the operating pressure of high (for example, 5 bars or higher) or high (20 bars are higher),
The internal material of reactor can be made up of high heat-resisting alloy, such as by alloy mentioned above and in extreme circumstances even by material
Material Haynes 214 is constituted.Then heat insulation can be arranged around the material (which only should bear high temperature), the heat insulation allows foot
Enough few heats pass through so that outside steel wall (which extraly goes back available air or water cooling) absorption pressure load.Then may be used
Waste gas is fed to further processing step with elevated or high operating pressure.
Additionally, reactor, such as cyclone reactor may also include heating and/or cooling device, its be present in conversion zone,
Separated region and/or unload in pressure chamber, and be also present in various chargings and/or device for discharging, optionally burner and/
Or optionally in igniter.Additionally, there may be other components and parts in the apparatus of the present: invention, such as producing pressure or true
Empty pump etc..
During reactor takes those embodiments of cyclone reactor form wherein, cyclone reactor may include grid,
The grid is designed so as to derive solid-state and/or liquid reaction product by grid when metal M is with fuel gas buring.This
Outward, this grid is also may be present in other reactors in the equipment that may be provided at the present invention.React in reactor or whirlwind
The solid-state obtained when grid may be implemented in metal M with fuel gas buring used in device and/or liquid reaction product and waste gas and carrier gas
Mixture more preferable separation.This grid is illustratively shown as out in fig. 2, and wherein grid 6' is as an example in Fig. 1 institutes
In lower member 6b in the cyclone reactor 6 shown above device for discharging 7 and below device for discharging 8.It is by the grid, excellent
Selection of land is spaced sufficiently large distance with reactor wall, it can be ensured that reliably deposit solid-state and liquid reaction product or its mixture.
Thus, deposited solid-state or liquid-phase combustion product are also no longer spun up by whirlwind.
Geometry for the feed arrangement of carrier gas is not particularly limited, as long as can be by carrier gas and by metal M and combustion gas
The waste gas mixing that burning is obtained.Here preferably forms whirlwind, such as using the device shown in Fig. 1.But can be with
Whirlwind is produced by other arrangements between feed arrangement.Therefore for example it is still possible that the feed arrangement of carrier gas also
Can be above reactor near the feed arrangement for metal M and fuel.The corresponding injector geometry being adapted to can hold
Change places to be adapted to mode to determine, such as by flow simulating.
Device for discharging is it is not also specifically limited, the device for discharging for being wherein for example used for the mixture of waste gas and carrier gas can be by structure
Make as pipe, and the device for discharging for being used for solid-state that metal M obtained with fuel gas buring and/or liquid reaction product can for example be constructed
For rotary vane feeder and/or with siphonal pipe.Various valves, such as pressure valve and/or other regulations can also be set here
Device.Exemplary device for discharging 7 (such as the device for discharging 7 of the cyclone reactor 6 shown in Fig. 1) here illustrated in Fig. 3 may include
Siphon pipe 9, for the valve 10 and pressure regulator 11 of degassing, but be not limited to this.In order to realize raising or high operation
Pressure, for example can unloading using such product for being located at the solid-state and/or liquid obtained with fuel gas buring for metal M
Siphon pipe on glassware, is optionally combined with the pressure regulator for being suitable for corresponding operating pressure.
According to specific embodiment, the device for discharging for waste gas and the mixture of carrier gas is may also include for waste gas and load
The separator of each component of gas and/or waste gas.
According to specific embodiment, for waste gas and the mixture of carrier gas device for discharging can so with for carrier gas
Feed arrangement and/or the feed arrangement for combustion gas are connected so that the mixture of waste gas and carrier gas is fed at least in part
Reactor is as carrier gas and/or feeds to burner as combustion gas.The ratio here of the gas of recovery can be 10 volumes % or more
Many, preferably 50 volumes % or more, further preferably 60 volumes % or more, still further preferably 70 volumes % or more
Many, and even more preferably still 80 volumes % or more cumulative volumes based on carrier gas and waste gas.According to specific embodiment, give up
The recovery of the mixture of gas and carrier gas can be carried out in 90 volumes % or more degree, based on carrier gas and the cumulative volume of waste gas
Meter.
According to specific embodiment, the equipment of the present invention additionally includes at least one boiler and/or at least one heat friendship
Parallel operation and/or at least one gas turbine and/or at least one expansion turbine, during which is in reactor and/or for waste gas
In the device for discharging of the mixture of carrier gas.Thus, for example can be in reaction in the equipment including cyclone reactor 6 of Fig. 1
In device 6, in device for discharging 8 and/or the unit being connected on device for discharging 8, one or more heat exchangers and/or pot are set
Stove and/or gas turbine and/or expansion turbine (not shown).Heat exchange also can occur in cyclone reactor 6 automatically, for example
But sent out in conversion zone 20a and/or separated region 20b, on the outer wall optionally also in the region for unloading pressure chamber 20c automatically
It is raw, wherein corresponding heat exchanger can be also connected with the turbine for being used for generating electricity in generator.
Therefore waste gas can be provided to Another Application as the mixture with carrier gas, and such as heating boiler is producing steaming
Vapour, discharges heat, operating turbine etc. in a heat exchanger.
If can not find suitable heat exchanger (for example heats the air with relevant pressure simultaneously by the heat exchanger
It is incorporated in gas turbine as the substitute of waste gas), then can for example use boiler.According to specific embodiment, using boiler
This approach can be likely and technically also simpler, because the approach can be raised in relatively low temperature and only
Pressure under realize.
Then can generate electricity by one or more heat exchangers and/or one or more boilers, such as by using steam
Turbine and generator.But it is still possible that the mixture of waste gas and carrier gas is directed directly to into turbine such as gas turbine
Or expansion turbine is with the direct generation of electricity.However, this is can separate solid-state and/or the liquid that metal M and fuel gas buring are obtained well
Premised on state product, as available according to the present invention, especially in the reactor using in the case of grid.Make
For example may depend on boiler or heat exchanger this selection and to form solid-state and still form liquid reaction product, but also can be by
Facility technology is determined.In liquid reaction product such as liquid Li2CO3In the case of, reactor wall for example can be used as heat exchanger, and
Special heat exchanger may be needed in the case where solid reaction products are generated.From solid-state and/or liquid reaction product phase
In the case of answering ground to separate the mixture of waste gas and carrier gas, optionally also the mixture of waste gas and carrier gas can be directed directly to whirlpool
Turbine, so as to here also can be in waste gas stream heat exchanger and/or boiler.
According to specific embodiment, the equipment of the present invention may include the device for discharging in the mixture for waste gas and carrier gas
In extraction element, the extraction element be designed to the device for discharging in the mixture by being connected to waste gas and carrier gas with
Feed arrangement and/or the feed arrangement for combustion gas for carrier gas, the mixture of waste gas and carrier gas is being recycled to for carrying
The mixture of a part of waste gas and carrier gas is extracted when the feed arrangement of gas and/or the feed arrangement for combustion gas.This part of example
Such as can more than 1 volume %, preferably 5 volumes % and Geng Gao, further preferably 10 volumes % or it is more, based on waste gas and carrier gas
Mixture cumulative volume.In addition, according to specific embodiment, can extract most from the mixture of the waste gas and carrier gas that reclaim
50 volumes %, preferably 40 volumes % or it is less, further preferably 30 volumes % or less, particularly preferably 20 volumes % or
Less, based on waste gas and the cumulative volume of the mixture of carrier gas.The gas of extraction subsequently for example can supply other as useful products
Reaction is used, therefore for example when carbon monoxide is discharged and the hydrocarbon of high value is converted in Fischer-Tropsch process subsequently.
Derived solid can also further change into useful products.Thus, for example can produce from the burning with nitrogen
Metal nitride by with water hydrolysis ammonification and alkali, wherein the alkali for generating then can serve as carbon dioxide and/or titanium dioxide
The agent for capturing of sulphur.
On the other hand according to, the invention further relates to multi-orifice burner is with the purposes in fuel gas buring metal M, the porous is fired
Burner includes antipriming pipe as burner, and the metal M is selected from alkali metal, alkaline-earth metal, aluminum and zinc and its alloy and/or mixing
Thing.
If meaningful, above-mentioned embodiment, design and extended mode can combinations with one another in any way.The present invention
Other possible design, extended mode and embodiments also include previously or hereinafter with reference to the sheet of embodiment description
The combination being not expressly mentioned of inventive features.Especially, those skilled in the art will also add various aspects as to the present invention
Corresponding base form improvement or supplement.
Show the present invention referring now to exemplary embodiment, which limits the present invention never in any form.
According to illustrative embodiments, metal M such as lithiums are used in liquid form, i.e., on 180 DEG C of the fusing point of lithium.
During liquid metal M (such as lithium) can be introduced in multi-orifice burner and subsequently directly, it is optionally startup reaction and carries out
Igniting after with corresponding combustion gas react, the combustion gas be, for example, air, oxygen, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen gas and water steam
Gas, nitrogen oxide NOx such as nitrous oxide or nitrogen.The burning of metal M (such as lithium) can be carried out in the equipment shown in Fig. 1,
For example to carry out more than stoichiometric gas quantity, to prevent too high EGT.But, combustion gas can with relative to
Metal M is added with stoichiometry or non-stoichiometric amount.After being combusted, adding also can be equivalent to the carrier gas of combustion gas (for example
Nitrogen, air, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and ammonia) for diluting, to reduce temperature and to produce for depositing solid-state or liquid
The whirlwind of product.Heat waste gas stream then can be used for heating boiler, for heat transfer in a heat exchanger etc..
According to the second illustrative embodiments, carbon dioxide can be used in the equipment shown in Fig. 1 as combustion gas, and is made
With carbon monoxide as carrier gas.The metal M for being used is, for example, lithium, for example, use in liquid form, i.e., 180 DEG C fusing point it
On.Liquid lithium is introduced in multi-orifice burner 3, then with combustion gas direct reaction.Possible situation is to need electric ignition or volume
Outer start-up burner.
The reaction is carried out according to the following formula：
2Li+2CO2→Li2CO3+CO
The burning of metal M is carried out at multi-orifice burner 3, preferably with the amount of carbon dioxide needed for stoichiometry, wherein
Also may be selected slightly above or lower slightly stoichiometric proportion (CO2:The ratio of alloy L is such as 0.95:1 to 1:0.95).Using non-
In the case that often high carbon dioxide lacks, for example, lithium carbonate can be generated, acetylene thus can be obtained.
In the second step, reactor/furnace 6 mid portion in the 4' of region, combustion product be blown into by nozzle 5
The carrier gas carbon monoxide mixing of reactor 6.Thus whirlwind is produced, its effect is solid-state and/or liquid reaction product in reactor
Circle round at wall and be mainly deposited at reactor wall.Preferably, using excessive carrier gas, so as to the heat for guaranteeing to produce by burning
Amount by fully it is defeated walk.The temperature in reactor 6 can be suitably adjusted whereby.
For the burning in pure carbon dioxide, the lithium carbonate formed in the case of eutectic mixture is with 723 DEG C
Fusing point.If by the ignition temperature of product being maintained at least by 1,5 mixed carrier gas of feed arrangement and/or combustion gas
More than 723 DEG C, then liquid reaction product can be expected for burning.The feed arrangement here can be used for cold in strong exothermal reaction
But, thus equipment will not be overheated, and wherein lowest temperature can be the fusing point of the salt (being lithium carbonate here) for being formed.If the whirlwind
Additionally operated with the gas beyond carbon dioxide such as air or nitrogen or other gases, then can also in the reaction product for example
Form lithia (Mp1570 DEG C of fusing point) or lithium nitride (813 DEG C of Mp).It is (described after deposit liquid and solid reaction products
Deposition can be improved by grid 6'), during the mixture of waste gas and carrier gas is for example directed into boiler and for evaporating water,
To drive the steamturbine of the generator with downstream connection afterwards or to be used for other technique devices (such as heat exchange that operates
Device).Then, the waste gas for cooling down after the procedure the procedure and the mixture of carrier gas for example can be again as carrier gas for the formation in stove
Whirlwind.Therefore, waste gas residual heat is used in boiler after evaporation process, and is only needed for example, by the useless of coal-fired power plant
The stoichiometric amount of carbon dioxide that gas cleans to obtain and Li burnings are required.
Excess on the EGT and stoichiometry of the burning for lithium in pure carbon dioxide is shown in table 1
Between relation, wherein being calculated using temperature independent specific heat.
Table 1：With carbon dioxide as combustion gas and as carrier gas come the stove that operates
According to specific embodiment, burning can use certain excessive combustion gas to carry out, and such as combustion gas is big with the mol ratio of metal M
In 1.01:1st, preferably more than 1.05:1st, more preferably 5:1 or higher, it is even further preferred that ground 10:1 or higher, for example very
To 100:1 or higher, by EGT stable within the scope of specific temperature, and except addition combustion gas and metal M such as lithiums
Also other combustion gas or carrier gas can be added to absorb heat by whirlwind outside being flowed in nozzle array, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4.
According to specific embodiment, EGT can be controlled by excess air in different combustion processes so which can be higher than anti-
Answer the melt temperature (table 1) of product or its mixture.
Using the recycling of the waste gas cooled down by steps downstream, can be by carbon monoxide rich in the offgas.Here, root
According to specific embodiment, a certain proportion of waste gas, and the gas mixing of thus obtained carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are can extract
Thing, which has the carbon monoxide of considerably higher ratio, as being given in Table 1.Being separated by the gas in downstream can be from
Purifying carbon dioxide carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide further can be used in the circulating cycle or in the burner.
In stove, can decline again ignition temperature by the recovery of product gas CO.In the burning of stoichiometric equation
The gas temperature more than 3000K is can reach, the temperature can cause problem of materials.The decline of ignition temperature can also pass through CO2Mistake
Measure to realize.However, the excess must be higher than stoichiometric amount about 16 times so that product gas CO is in excessive CO2Middle quilt
(concentration only about 6 volumes %) are diluted largely.Therefore, according to specific embodiment meaningfully, by a part of product
For reducing temperature during gas CO is recovered to burner and as hot ballast (thermischen Ballast).Here is excellent
Choosing, is used as carrier gas to adjust specific reaction temperature by the mixture of the waste gas and carrier gas that reclaim constant basis.In the feelings
Will not be formed under condition must be arduously separate CO/CO2- mixture.Product gas major part is made up of CO and is only had little
By CO2The impurity for causing.In the quiescent state most CO is input into and is circulated and is just derived as by CO from the circulation2
The so much CO subsequently generated with the reaction of Li (usually, also can be with the reaction of electropositive metal alloy).For example, it is such
Circulation can be obtained in the situation, i.e., when CO is used as carrier gas with 90 volumes % or more ratios, based on waste gas and carrier gas
Mixture.Therefore sustainably feed the carbon dioxide of suitable amount to combustion process, and in contrast, can constantly from following
The carbon monoxide of respective amount is extracted in ring as useful products.
Corresponding reacting flow chart is also schematically illustrated in Figure 5.In CO2In removing 101, from for example carrying out spontaneous combustion
Carbon dioxide removal in the waste gas 100 in power plant such as coal-fired power plant, then carbon dioxide is burnt with alloy in a step 102,
CO is used wherein as carrier gas.This forms Li2CO3103, and can be by including CO optionally after separating 1042It is useless with CO
The mixture of gas and carrier gas is directed through boiler 105, by boiler 105 make steam turbine 106 and and then generator 107 transport
Turn.Using waste gas recovery 108 as carrier gas, wherein CO can be discharged in step 109.
According to nitrogen in the 3rd illustrative embodiments, can be used in the equipment shown in Fig. 1 as combustion gas and carrier gas.Institute
The metal for using is, for example, lithium, for example in fluid form, i.e., the fusing point higher than 180 DEG C.Liquid lithium can be fed to porous combustion
Burner 3, then with combustion gas direct reaction.Electric ignition or extra start-up burner may be needed.
The burning of lithium is carried out with the nitrogen amount needed for stoichiometry in multi-orifice burner 3, wherein also may be selected slightly above
Or it is lower slightly stoichiometric than (for example, N2:The ratio of Li is 0.95:1 to 1:0.95).
Here, the reaction is as follows：
6Li+N2→2Li3N
In the second step, in the mid portion of reactor 6, combustion product is mixed with carrier gas such as nitrogen, the carrier gas is led to
Cross nozzle 5 to be blown in reactor 6.Thus whirlwind is produced, this causes solid-state and liquid reaction product to be circled round simultaneously at reactor wall
And main deposition is there.For the burning in pure nitrogen gas, the lithium nitride of generation is with 813 DEG C of fusing point.If by by
The ignition temperature of product is kept above at least 813 DEG C by 1,5 mixed carrier gas of feed arrangement and/or combustion gas, then can be pre-
What the phase was burnt is liquid reaction product.Herein, feed arrangement can be used for cooling down in strong exothermal reaction, and thus equipment will not mistake
Heat, wherein lowest temperature can be the fusing point of the salt (being lithium nitride here) for being formed.If for example empty with the gas different from nitrogen
Gas or carbon dioxide or other gases then can also generate lithia (1570 DEG C of Mp) in the reaction product come the whirlwind that operates
Or lithium carbonate (723 DEG C of Mp).After liquid and/or solid reaction products deposition (deposition can be improved by grid 6'),
During waste gas is for example directed into boiler and for evaporating water, so as to the turbine for subsequently driving the generator with downstream connection
Or other technique devices that operate (such as heat exchanger).Then, the waste gas for cooling down after the procedure the procedure for example can be re-used for
Whirlwind is produced in reactor 6.Thus the waste gas residual heat after evaporation process in the boiler is make use of, and only needs for example to lead to
Cross air separation to obtain the stoichiometric nitrogen amount needed for burning.
Show in table 2 between the excess on the EGT and stoichiometry of the burning for lithium in pure nitrogen
Relation, wherein being calculated using temperature independent specific heat.
Table 2：With nitrogen as combustion gas and as carrier gas come the stove that operates
| Temperature in waste gas | Combustion gas is excessive as the factor, based on combustion gas quality |
| 1600℃ | 5.6 |
| 1400℃ | 8.5 |
| 1200℃ | 10.2 |
| 1000℃ | 13.3 |
| 800℃ | 16.1 |
| 600℃ | 18.5 |
According to specific embodiment, burning can use certain excessive combustion gas to carry out, and such as combustion gas is big with the mol ratio of metal M
In 1.01:1st, preferably more than 1.05:1st, more preferably 5:1 or bigger, it is even further preferred that ground 10:1 or higher, for example very
To 100:1 or bigger, so that EGT is stablized within the scope of specific temperature, and except addition combustion gas and metal M for example
Lithium can also add other combustion gas or carrier gas absorb heat by whirlwind outside being flowed in nozzle array, such as Fig. 1 and Fig. 4 institutes
Show.According to specific embodiment, EGT can be excessively controlled by gas in different combustion processes so which can
Higher than the melt temperature (table 2) of product or its mixture.
Corresponding reacting flow chart is schematically illustrated in Fig. 6.From separating nitrogen in air 200 in air separation 201
Gas, then nitrogen and one combust of lithium in step 202., wherein using for example also from air separation 201 nitrogen as
Carrier gas.This forms Li2N3203, and including N2204 waste gas and the mixture of carrier gas are directed through boiler 205, by
In the operating steam turbine 206 of boiler 205 and and then operated generator 207.Using waste gas recovery 208 as carrier gas.Can pass through
Hydrolysis 209 obtains ammonia 210 from nitride salt mixture 203, wherein generating hydroxide 211, which can be obtained with carbon dioxide reaction
To lithium carbonate 212.
According to the 4th illustrative embodiments, it is possible to, such as in the case where combustion gas is used air as, using string
Two reactors of connection connection, such as two cyclone reactors, wherein can use in the first cyclone reactor metal M such as lithium and
Metal oxide such as Li is prepared from the oxygen of air2O, waste gas mainly include nitrogen, and then the waste gas can be in the second whirlwind
Metal nitride such as Li is obtained with metal M such as Li reactions as combustion gas in reactor3N.Here, nitrogen for example can be used as carrying
Gas, which also can be obtained by the first waste gas or can be the first waste gas itself (such as when which is in circulation).
By the construction of the equipment of the present invention, especially by using porous burner pipe, can in a straightforward manner from formation
Waste gas in separate solid-state or liquid reaction product or its mixture, and and then waste gas is fed for such as gas turbine or
Decompressor turbine, in heat exchanger, or boiler.Additionally, also whole burner can be configured in like fashion it is more compact,
And the positioning of combustion process can be passed through the combustion arrangement to be obtained for equipment more relaxes.
Additionally, reactor as the device, such as stove, can run under elevated operating pressure, and therefore fire
Burning and deposition process can be matched with the corresponding conditionses of subsequent step.In a specific embodiment, (division) is distinguished for forming rotation
The possibility of the combustion gas and carrier gas of wind makes it possible to reclaim waste gas after release heat.It is easily achieved with this construction and is followed
Ring.Admixture of gas can also be used as combustion gas and carrier gas.By waste gas is reclaimed after processing step, energy and material can be saved
Material.
Claims (15)
1. with the method for fuel gas buring metal M, the metal M be selected from alkali metal, alkaline-earth metal, aluminum and zinc and its alloy and/or
Mixture, wherein by being burnt as the multi-orifice burner of burner including antipriming pipe.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein to the multi-orifice burner feeding liquid inside the multi-orifice burner
The metal M of body form.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein the combustion gas is guided on the outer surface of multi-orifice burner and
Burn with metal M.
4. the method according to one of aforementioned claim, wherein the burning occurs at such temperatures, the temperature is high
In the fusing point of the salt generated when reacting in metal M and combustion gas.
5. the method according to one of aforementioned claim, wherein feeding metal M as the alloy of at least two metal M.
6. the method according to one of aforementioned claim, wherein separating product after combustion.
7. method according to claim 6, wherein described separation is realized by whirlwind.
8. the method according to one of aforementioned claim, wherein the product using the burning produces energy, preferably
Ground is using at least one expansion turbine and/or at least one steam turbine and/or at least one heat exchanger and/or at least
In the case of one boiler.
9. be used for the equipment of metal M of burning, wherein the metal M be selected from alkali metal, alkaline-earth metal, aluminum and zinc and its alloy and/
Or mixture, the equipment includes：
- multi-orifice burner, which includes antipriming pipe as burner,
- for the feed arrangement of metal M, the preferably metal M of liquid form, the feed arrangement leads to inside multi-orifice burner,
Which is designed to the multi-orifice burner metal M for feeding metal M, preferably liquid form,
- for the feed arrangement of combustion gas, which is designed to feed combustion gas, and
- optionally, for providing the heater of the metal M of liquid form, which is designed to make metal M liquefy.
10. equipment according to claim 9, wherein being arranged so as to the feed arrangement for combustion gas so which is by the combustion
Gas is guided at least in part to the surface of the multi-orifice burner.
11. equipment according to claim 9 or 10, wherein being arranged so as to the multi-orifice burner so that what burning was generated
Product can be separated from the surface of the multi-orifice burner by gravity with optionally metal M.
12. equipment according to one of claim 9 to 11, wherein the multi-orifice burner is made up of such material, institute
State alloy and steel such as stainless steel and chrome-nickel steel group of the material selected from iron, chromium, nickel, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, tungsten, zirconium and these metals
Into group.
13. equipment according to one of claim 9 to 12, the equipment further include the separation of the combustion product of metal M
Device, which is designed to make metal M separate with the combustion product of combustion gas, wherein the separator is preferably whirlwind reaction
Device.
14. equipment according to one of claim 9 to 13, the equipment further include at least one expansion turbine and/
Or at least one steam turbine and/or at least one heat exchanger and/or at least one boiler.
15. include antipriming pipe as the multi-orifice burner of burner with the purposes in fuel gas buring metal M, the metal M choosings
From alkali metal, alkaline-earth metal, aluminum and zinc and its alloy and/or mixture.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014209529.8 | 2014-05-20 | ||
| DE102014209529.8A DE102014209529A1 (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2014-05-20 | Combustion of lithium at different temperatures, pressures and gas surplus with porous tubes as a burner |
| PCT/EP2015/059724 WO2015176943A1 (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2015-05-04 | Combustion of lithium at different temperatures and pressures and with gas surpluses using porous tubes as burners |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106537035A true CN106537035A (en) | 2017-03-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201580039635.5A Pending CN106537035A (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2015-05-04 | Combustion of lithium at different temperatures and pressures and with gas surpluses using porous tubes as burners |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20170082284A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3123078A1 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20170010805A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN106537035A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102014209529A1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2647187C1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015176943A1 (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014222919A1 (en) | 2014-11-11 | 2016-05-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Combustion of electropositive metal in a liquid |
| WO2018065078A1 (en) | 2016-10-04 | 2018-04-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and arrangement for generating power |
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- 2015-05-04 WO PCT/EP2015/059724 patent/WO2015176943A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-05-04 CN CN201580039635.5A patent/CN106537035A/en active Pending
- 2015-05-04 KR KR1020167035513A patent/KR20170010805A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2015-05-04 US US15/311,258 patent/US20170082284A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20170010805A (en) | 2017-02-01 |
| US20170082284A1 (en) | 2017-03-23 |
| EP3123078A1 (en) | 2017-02-01 |
| DE102014209529A1 (en) | 2015-11-26 |
| WO2015176943A1 (en) | 2015-11-26 |
| RU2647187C1 (en) | 2018-03-14 |
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