CN106533526B - A kind of switch simulation beamforming system constrained by independent power - Google Patents
A kind of switch simulation beamforming system constrained by independent power Download PDFInfo
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- CN106533526B CN106533526B CN201611111321.4A CN201611111321A CN106533526B CN 106533526 B CN106533526 B CN 106533526B CN 201611111321 A CN201611111321 A CN 201611111321A CN 106533526 B CN106533526 B CN 106533526B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
- H04B7/0621—Feedback content
- H04B7/0626—Channel coefficients, e.g. channel state information [CSI]
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of switch simulation beamforming system constrained by independent power, it include: transmitting terminal rf chain, radio frequency switch assembly and receiving end rf chain, the transmitting terminal rf chain is connected with the input terminal of radio frequency switch assembly, and the output end of the radio frequency switch assembly is connected with the receiving end rf chain；Wherein, the radio frequency switch assembly includesNA transmitting RF switch andNA transmitting radio-frequency antenna, the radio frequency switch assembly selects a RF switch as RF switch is received to realize point-to-point transmission, and controls the RF switch state of radio frequency switch assembly according to channel information to maximize received signal to noise ratio；The transmission power of each transmitting radio-frequency antenna of the radio frequency switch assembly is individually constrained by the transmission power of transmitter.The present invention realizes switch simulation Wave beam forming gain using only analog switch, and selectively radio-frequency antenna is directly connected to a corresponding rf chain for institute, and complete spatial multiplexing gain and whole diversity gains may be implemented.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of analog beam formation system more particularly to a kind of switch analog waves constrained by independent power
Beam shaping system.
Background technique
In the potential technology of the following 5G, it has proved that extensive multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) can imitate system spectrum
Rate improves several times.Typical extensive mimo system is cellular communication, and wherein base station (BS) services shifting equipped with a large amount of antennas
Employ family.In addition, with the development of high-frequency communication (especially greater than 30GHz), a large amount of antennas be not only it is possible, but also must
It must compensation small array gain due to caused by compact antenna size.
Digital beam-forming is to develop good technology in mimo system, with flexibility, adaptability and performance optimization
The advantages of.However, digital beam-forming is too expensive and too wasted work rate may not apply in extensive MIMO, because of each antenna
With expensive RF (radio frequency) chain link, usually by power amplifier, modulus or digital analog converter, analog converter and mixed
The composition such as frequency device.
With the development of the development of high-frequency communication, especially 60GHz, due to the size of compact aerial, a large amount of antenna
It may and not be still that must be used to compensate small array gain.In order to save rf chain in digital beam froming (RF chain at
This and power consumption are very high) number, to the Wave beam forming operation of analog domain using phase shifter and power amplifier in the domain RF
Method has regained more concerns.The design for simulating RF framework and beamforming algorithm is thorough in some publications
Research.These work show compared with the conventional architectures for using digital beam froming, use the performance deficiency of analog beam formation
It is reasonable by reducing hardware spending cost.Although analog beam is formed with the advantage in terms of power and cost, setting
When counting RF hardware, especially for millimeter wave (mm-wave) carrier signal, huge challenge can be encountered by completing analog beam formation
And integrity problem.In the prior art also it is proposed that some simple analog beams form structure to reduce its hardware complexity
Degree, but realized using reducing performance as cost.As phase shifter, the radio-frequency power amplifier also ten with variable gain
Divide necessity, this is also such that in still challenging and expensive when realizing analog beam formation.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to need to provide, a kind of reasonable control cost, small in size, speed is fast, linear
Bandwidth and the high switch simulation beamforming system constrained by independent power of frequency.
In this regard, the present invention provides a kind of switch simulation beamforming system constrained by independent power, comprising: transmitting end-fire
Frequency chain, radio frequency switch assembly and receiving end rf chain, the transmitting terminal rf chain are connected with the input terminal of radio frequency switch assembly,
The output end of the radio frequency switch assembly is connected with the receiving end rf chain；Wherein, the radio frequency switch assembly includes N number of
Emitting RF switch and N number of transmitting radio-frequency antenna corresponding with transmitting RF switch, N is the number for emitting radio-frequency antenna, N
Take natural number；The radio frequency switch assembly selects a RF switch as RF switch is received, to realize transmitting RF switch
With receive RF switch between point-to-point transmission, and it is described transmitting RF switch and receive RF switch between channel have
Gaussian Profile is independently distributed variable, and the switch simulation beamforming system controls radio frequency switch assembly according to channel information
RF switch state is to maximize received signal to noise ratio；The transmission power of each transmitting radio-frequency antenna of the radio frequency switch assembly
It is individually constrained by the transmission power of transmitter.
A further improvement of the present invention is that it is described it is N number of transmitting RF switch input terminal with the transmitting terminal radio frequency
The output end of chain is connected, and the output end of each transmitting RF switch is respectively connected to one and penetrates correspondingly therewith
Frequency antenna.
A further improvement of the present invention is that the radio frequency switch assembly further includes receiving RF switch and penetrating with reception
Frequency switchs corresponding reception radio-frequency antenna, and the input terminal for receiving RF switch is connected to one-to-one receive therewith and penetrates
Frequency antenna, the output end for receiving RF switch are connected with the input terminal of the receiving end rf chain.
A further improvement of the present invention is that transmitter is connected to by power amplifier in the transmitting terminal rf chain
The input terminal of current divider, the output end of the current divider are connected to the transmitting RF switch of the radio frequency switch assembly.
A further improvement of the present invention is that receiver is connected by low-noise amplifier in the receiving end rf chain
To the output end of combiner, the input terminal of the combiner is connected to the reception RF switch of the radio frequency switch assembly.
A further improvement of the present invention is that the baseband receiving signals system model of the receiver isThe received signal-to-noise ratio of receiver isWherein, PoFor transmitter
Transmission power；hjEmit radio-frequency antenna for j-th and receives the channel coefficients between radio-frequency antenna, hj, 0≤j≤N is to obey
Multiple Gauss is distributed the independent same distribution variable of CN (0,1)；X is that the base band of transmitter sends signal；N~CN (0, σ2) indicate to receive
The white Gaussian noise of machine；T is the set for emitting radio-frequency antenna；|∑j∈Thj|2For the signal power of receiver.
A further improvement of the present invention is that each transmitting radio-frequency antenna is penetrated with its maximized transmission power transmission
Frequency signal.
A further improvement of the present invention is that the switch simulation beamforming system controls radio frequency according to channel information and opens
Close component RF switch state to maximize received signal to noise ratio the following steps are included:
Step S1 draws the orthogonal vertical line of N item for this N number of channel coefficients according to the channel coefficients of N number of transmitting radio-frequency antenna,
The complex plane of N number of transmitting radio-frequency antenna composition is divided into total 2N sector；
Step S2 determines a corresponding set V to each sectorK；
Step S3, to first set V1, calculate the sum of all channel coefficients therein
Step S4 successively calculates wherein all the sum of channel coefficients to subsequent setK (k=2 ..., 2N)；
Step S5, to all fk, select one of its maximum absolute value；By the f of maximum absolute valuekCorresponding set
VKSet T as transmitting radio-frequency antenna.
A further improvement of the present invention is that in the step S2, if i-th of channel coefficients hiIn sector, the projection of k is
Positive number, then hi∈Vk；Otherwise
A further improvement of the present invention is that depicting N number of channel coefficients h in the step S1j(j=1；2；…；N)
Two-dimentional complex plane, trunnion axis and the longitudinal axis respectively correspond real and imaginary parts；Then to each channel coefficients hjIt is drawn to pass through
The cross line of origin obtains 2N sector.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: be based on channel state information, multiple transmitting radio-frequency antennas
Each of be switched on or disconnect to realize beam forming, can substantially reduce and be used in traditional analog beamforming system
High cost, power consumption and bulky analog phase shifter, the present invention realizes out using only simple analog switch
It closes analog beam and forms gain, selectively radio-frequency antenna is directly connected to a corresponding rf chain without other radio frequencies for institute
The effect of any pre-processing device such as chain or phase shifter, switch simulation beamforming system of the present invention is by selection one
Point radio-frequency antenna simply implement, and complete spatial multiplexing gain and whole diversity gains may be implemented.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the system structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic illustration of digital beam froming switch in the prior art；
Fig. 3 is the schematic illustration that analog beam forms switch in the prior art；
Fig. 4 is the schematic illustration of day line options in the prior art；
Fig. 5 is the detailed system model schematic of an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the schematic illustration that complex plane is divided into 8 sectors by 4 channel coefficients in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is an embodiment of the present invention by increasing antenna amount come the signal of the Normalized Signal/Noise Ratio of simulated receiver
Figure；
Fig. 8, which is an embodiment of the present invention, averagely obtains receiver by the momentary rate realized to each channel
Averagely can be achieved rate emulation schematic diagram；
Fig. 9 is the probabilistic simulation schematic diagram that an embodiment of the present invention receiver signal-to-noise ratio is less than given threshold value.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, preferably embodiment of the invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, this example provides a kind of switch simulation beamforming system constrained by independent power, comprising: transmitting
Hold rf chain, radio frequency switch assembly and receiving end rf chain, the input terminal phase of the transmitting terminal rf chain and radio frequency switch assembly
Connection, the output end of the radio frequency switch assembly are connected with the receiving end rf chain；Wherein, the radio frequency switch assembly packet
N number of transmitting RF switch and N number of transmitting radio-frequency antenna corresponding with transmitting RF switch are included, N is transmitting radio-frequency antenna
Number, N take natural number；The radio frequency switch assembly selects a RF switch as RF switch is received, and is penetrated with realizing
Frequency switchs and receives the point-to-point transmission between RF switch, and the letter between the transmitting RF switch and reception RF switch
Road has the variable that is independently distributed of Gaussian Profile, and the switch simulation beamforming system controls RF switch according to channel information
The RF switch state of component is to maximize received signal to noise ratio；The hair of each transmitting radio-frequency antenna of the radio frequency switch assembly
Power is penetrated individually to be constrained by the transmission power of transmitter.
As shown in Figure 1, the input terminal of N number of transmitting RF switch is connected with the output end of the transmitting terminal rf chain
It connects, the output end of each transmitting RF switch is respectively connected to one and emits radio-frequency antenna correspondingly therewith；It is described to penetrate
Frequency switch block further includes that reception RF switch and reception radio-frequency antenna corresponding with RF switch is received, the reception are penetrated
The input terminal of frequency switch is connected to and receives radio-frequency antenna correspondingly therewith, and the output end for receiving RF switch is and institute
The input terminal for stating receiving end rf chain is connected.
Unlike traditional AF structure, this example proposition is replaced stupid using this simple analog switch of RF switch
Weight and expensive phase shifter complete the realization of switch simulation Wave beam forming, and this example is referred to as OABF, that is, described are based on
The switch of forward antenna power constraint simulates beamforming system abbreviation OABF, i.e. On-off Analog Beamforming.Thing
In reality, RF switch in the market has been widely used in wireless transceiver, and they have very attracting category
Property, for example, cheaply, small in size and speed it is fast, hardly consumption power, linear bandwidth and high-frequency etc..In particular, this example with
By controlling the switch state of radio-frequency antenna received SNR is maximized according to channel information, SNR is signal-to-noise ratio.Find radio frequency
The optimal subset of antenna looks like a combinatorial optimization problem, that is, usually said NP-hard (ask by nondeterministic polynomial
Topic).
It is noted that this example solves specifically to switch analog beam shape using orthogonal matching pursuit strategy simultaneously
At, it appears that its difficulty is with antenna amount exponential increase.But it is true opposite with intuition, it has been found that only linear complexity with
Polynomial complexity determines the switch state of each radio-frequency antenna.Importantly, this example theoretically proves described in this example
Complete spatial multiplexing gain and whole diversity gains may be implemented in switch simulation beamforming system (OABF), based on opening described in this example
It closes analog beam formation system and the RF switch state of radio frequency switch assembly is controlled to maximize reception noise according to channel information
Compare the step of.The radio-frequency antenna includes transmitting radio-frequency antenna and reception radio-frequency antenna.
Switch simulation Wave beam forming and the subset antenna selecting plan through sufficiently studying described in this example are substantially different, wherein from
Best k antenna is selected in N number of antenna in total.In traditional day line options, each selected antenna is by a RF chain (or one
A simulation shift unit) it connects to realize coherent combination.Therefore, k is usually by can be used the quantity of RF chain to determine, and Wave beam forming is imitated
The signal processing of RF chain (or phase shifter) should be come from.And in switch simulation beamforming system (OABF) described in this example, own
The radio-frequency antenna of selection is directly connected to a RF chain without any pre-processing device, i.e., without passing through other RF chains and phase shift
Any pre-processing device such as device, the effect of the switch simulation beamforming system are the radio-frequency antenna letters by selection a part
Singly realize.
The introduction about the construction of OABF is as follows: in order to compare, looking back three in the prior art first typically existing more days
The analog beam formation and day line options of the structure, digital beam froming, phase alignment of line Wave beam forming.
In current most of wireless system, overall optimum Wave beam forming is realized in numeric field, wherein each
An adjoint rf chain is to be not only the phase of amplitude and signal to be translated into baseband digital signal behind a antenna
Also with corresponding adjustment is made the case where numeric field, structure chart is as shown in Figure 2；In the communication with high-frequency and wide bandwidth
In, the cost of rf chain, especially price and space cost are more much higher than antenna.
For millimetre-wave attenuator, the size of antenna and the gain of antenna are greatly reduced；When being tieed up in low frequency system
Hold antenna gain, Wave beam forming mode needs a large amount of antenna to send be essential.However, a large amount of antenna is certain to
Dramatically increase the cost of rf chain in digital beamforming system.Therefore, other Wave beam forming schemes have been suggested section
Rf chain is saved, and maintains antenna gain.
One typical scheme is that analog beam is formed, and meets the operation of the Wave beam forming in analog domain, such as Fig. 3 institute
Show, in analog beam is formed, each antenna is connected with an analog phase shifter, is to be penetrated in transmitting terminal in this way
(can satisfy rf chain before receiving end combines in other words) after frequency chain separation may be constructed the wave beam shape of analog radio-frequency signal
At coefficient.Due to the constraint by analog phase shifter, usually only the phase of each aerial signal is controlled.
Analog phase shifter especially has those of wide bandwidth and high-frequency ability phase shifter and very expensive and huge
's；More low complex degree/cost scheme is exactly day line options, and an antenna is only connected to rf chain by when selection, such as Fig. 4 institute
Show, antenna selecting plan can also obtain full diversity gains.But array gain is onlyThan full array gain
Small is more.
It is formed in compared with day line options in analog beam, this example has used signal by all radio frequencies of phase alignment
Antenna, and an antenna without any further signal processing is only used only in radio-frequency antenna selection.In this example, one is used
The structure of the switch simulation beamforming system of kind low complex degree new between day line options and analog beam formation, chooses
The transmitting radio-frequency antenna subset of transmission signal do not need to do any radiofrequency signal processing, and other antennas are all not connected
, as shown in Figure 1.In this example, RF switch corresponding to the radio-frequency antenna selected remains open state and other
Be then in off state.Therefore, this example is called the switch simulation beamforming system of forward antenna power constraint, referred to as
OABF。
In OABF, subset and radio frequency with more preferable channel condition and similar phase in N number of transmitting radio-frequency antenna are chosen
Chain is connected.If it is antenna selecting plan as shown in Figure 3 that the subset of radix, which is restricted to 1, OABF, which degenerates,.Another party
Face is OABF described in this example if the simulation coefficient of switch simulation beamforming system is restricted to 0 or 1.
This example is equivalent to baseband system model, introduces a simple system model and corresponding symbol first at this.For
Without loss of generality, this example considers that transmitter has N number of transmitting radio-frequency antenna, and has a reception radio-frequency antenna at receiver
Point-to-point transmission system.The case where expanding to multiple reception radio-frequency antennas also very simple.It is assumed that an only data
Stream, therefore there is a rf chain on every side.J-th of transmission antenna and the channel received between radio-frequency antenna are expressed as hj, sent out
It penetrates machine and is predicted completely by the reciprocity of some feedback schemes or channel, therefore be entirely known for transmitter.I
It is further assumed that all hj, 0≤j≤N is the independent same distribution variable for obeying multiple Gauss distribution CN (0,1)；Channel system
Number is kept constant during a grouping is transmitted, and is changed independently between different grouping transmission.The channel pattern is tested
It demonstrate,proves and is used for the wherein portable terminal with the omnidirectional antenna indoor mm wave communication scene mobile with walking speed.
More detailed OABF transmission structure is as shown in figure 5, this example PjIndicate the transmission power of j-th of antenna；Emitting
At machine, some transmitting radio-frequency antennas form set T, and are used to send and transmit.Then, the baseband receiving signals y of receiver
For,S.t=1if hi∈T,else Ii=0.
Wherein, (0, σ n~CN2) indicate receiver white Gaussian noise；IiIt is indicator variable, T is transmitting radio-frequency antenna
Set, i.e. set { h1,h2…hN}；By experience, selecting optimal set T to optimize reception SNR is combinatorial optimization problem, and
With the exponential complexity about antenna amount.
As shown in figure 5, transmitter is connected to the input of current divider by power amplifier in the transmitting terminal rf chain
End, the output end of the current divider are connected to the transmitting RF switch of the radio frequency switch assembly；In the receiving end rf chain,
Receiver is connected to the output end of combiner by low-noise amplifier, and the input terminal of the combiner is connected to the radio frequency and opens
Close the reception RF switch of component.
The antenna of each transmitting terminal of this example has independent power constraint, i.e., the transmission power of each transmitting radio-frequency antenna is by sending out
Penetrate independent the power constraint i.e., P of machinej ≤Po,In the formula, expression is to emit radio-frequency antenna to each
J, transmission power are less than given maximum power Po；Performance is compared, this example Main Analysis realization transmission beam is formed
Two kinds of basic asymptotic gain properties: array gain and diversity gain.Array gain refers to the feelings in N number of transmitting radio-frequency antenna in total
Under condition, the increase of the average output SNR on input signal-to-noise ratio SNR；Diversity gain refers to average error code before decline
The reduction ratio of the average value of rate；Increase of the input signal-to-noise ratio containing N number of transmitting radio-frequency antenna about average output SNR
Referred to as array gain, declineAbout bit error rate PeAverage attenuation rate.
It is contemplated that the transmission power of each transmitting radio-frequency antenna is respectively by the transmission power P of transmitteroThe case where limitation,
And there is no any constraint to total transmission power.The hypothesis is by each antenna in the transmitter actually realized by isolated function
The case where rate amplifier drives is caused, which only just works normally when its transmission power is lower than preset threshold.
In current analog beam formation system, isolated transmission power constraint is sometimes more more relevant than with power constraint.
Then, each transmitting radio-frequency antenna sends radiofrequency signal, the receiver with its maximized transmission power
Baseband receiving signals system model beTherefore, the received signal-to-noise ratio of receiver isWherein, PoFor the transmission power of transmitter；hjFor j-th of transmitting radio-frequency antenna and receive radio frequency
Channel coefficients between antenna, hj, 0≤j≤N is the independent same distribution variable for obeying multiple Gauss distribution CN (0,1)；X is hair
The base band for penetrating machine sends signal；N~CN (0, σ2) indicate receiver white Gaussian noise；T is the set for emitting radio-frequency antenna；|
∑j∈Thj|2For the signal power of receiver.
In this example, an optimal and linear complexity algorithm OABF-s is first introduced, maximizes noise to determine collection T
SNR.Later, we prove the full diversity gains and full array gain of OABF-s by providing the bridge algorithm of suboptimum；Specifically such as
It is lower described.
Switch simulation beamforming system described in this example controls the RF switch shape of radio frequency switch assembly according to channel information
State to maximize received signal to noise ratio the following steps are included:
Step S1 draws the orthogonal vertical line of N item for this N number of channel coefficients according to the channel coefficients of N number of transmitting radio-frequency antenna,
The complex plane of N number of transmitting radio-frequency antenna composition is divided into total 2N sector；
Step S2 determines a corresponding set V to each sector kk, hi∈VkWhat is indicated is if hiThe k in sector
Projection is positive number；
Step S3, to first set V1, calculate the sum of all channel coefficients therein
Step S4 successively calculates wherein all the sum of channel coefficients to subsequent setK (k=2 ..., 2N)；
Step S5, to all fk, select one of its maximum absolute value；By the f of maximum absolute valuekCorresponding set
VKSet T as transmitting radio-frequency antenna.
In step S2 described in this example, if i-th of channel coefficients hiIn sector, the projection of k is positive number, then hi∈Vk；OtherwiseAs shown in fig. 6, depicting N number of channel coefficients h in step S1 described in this examplej(j=1；2；…；N two dimension) is put down again
Face, trunnion axis and the longitudinal axis respectively correspond real and imaginary parts；Then to each channel coefficients hjIt draws it and passes through the orthogonal of origin
Line obtains 2N sector.
Next, this example proposes some simulation numerical results to show the property of proposed switch simulation beamforming system
Energy.In simulations, the noise variance of receiver side is normalized as unit 1.Utilize the transmission power of each transmitting radio-frequency antenna
By the independent power constraint of transmitter, the transmission power of each transmitting radio-frequency antenna is arranged to fixed value Po.Each channel system
Complicated Gaussian Profile n~CN (0,1) that number is randomly generated.For consistency, the gains scheme such as this example still general claims
For the preferred plan of the prior art.
As shown in fig. 7, Benin is determined by increasing antenna amount come the Normalized Signal/Noise Ratio SNR at simulated receiver
Justice is receptionDivided by transmission power Po| T |, to show the array gain of different schemes.By Fig. 7
It can be seen that the normalization SNR of the preferred plan of switch module beamforming system (OABF) and the prior art described in this example with
Antenna amount is linearly increasing, that is, obtains full array gain；On the other hand, the normalization SNR of antenna selecting plan is with the side of logarithm
Formula increases.In Fig. 7, ordinate refers to that Normalized Received SNR refers to Normalized Signal/Noise Ratio；Abscissa
Number of Antennas refers to the quantity of plural form, increases for represent number of antennas；OABF refers to this example
The switch module beamforming system (OABF)；Optimal Scheme refers to the preferred plan of the prior art；Antenna
Selection refers to a day line options.
As shown in figure 8, averagely obtaining averagely may be used at receiver by the momentary rate realized to each channel
Realize rate；It can be seen that the rate of all three schemes increases as number of antennas increases, and switch module described in this example
There is the constant upper limit in gap between beamforming system (OABF) and the preferred plan of the prior art.In Fig. 8, ordinate
Achievable rate is referred to up to rate；The Number of Antennas of abscissa refers to the quantity of plural form, uses
Increase in represent number of antennas；OABF refers to switch module beamforming system (OABF) described in this example；Optimal
Scheme refers to the preferred plan of the prior art；Antenna Selection refers to a day line options.
As shown in figure 9, having simulated outage probability, i.e., accurately receive the probability that SNR is less than given threshold value；It can be in Fig. 9
1,2,3 diversity order when number of antennas is respectively N=1,2,3 can be clearly seen.As N=1, switch module described in this example
Beamforming system (OABF) and optimal case performance having the same；As N=2, there is the gap of an about 2.5dB, work as N=
When 3, which increases to 4dB.In Fig. 9, the Outage Pribability of ordinate refers to outage probability；Abscissa
SNR (dB) refers to signal-to-noise ratio；OABF, N=1 refer to the switch module beamforming system (OABF) in transmitting radio frequency day
Outage probability simulation curve when line number N=1；Optimal Scheme, N=1 refer to that the preferred plan of the prior art exists
Emit outage probability simulation curve when radio-frequency antenna number N=1；Similarly, OABF, N=2 refer to the switch module wave beam
Outage probability simulation curve of the formation system (OABF) when emitting radio-frequency antenna number N=2；Optimal Scheme, N=2
Refer to outage probability simulation curve of the preferred plan of the prior art when emitting radio-frequency antenna number N=2；OABF, N=3
Refer to that outage probability emulation of the switch module beamforming system (OABF) when emitting radio-frequency antenna number N=3 is bent
Line；Optimal Scheme, N=3 refer to interruption of the preferred plan of the prior art when emitting radio-frequency antenna number N=3
Probabilistic simulation curve,
That is, this example proposes a kind of new switch simulation beamforming system, i.e. on-off analog beam shapes
(OABF), beam forming gain is realized using only simple analog switch.There is the every of given channel information in order to determine
The state of a interchanger, this example propose a kind of optimal algorithm, i.e., the described switch simulation beamforming system is according to channel information
The step of RF switch state of radio frequency switch assembly is to maximize received signal to noise ratio is controlled, respectively in each transmitting radio frequency day
Line receives SNR by maximizing under independent power constraint.Using polynomial complexity, switch module beamforming system described in this example
(OABF) full diversity gains and full array gain may be implemented.More specifically, quantity and SNR regardless of radio-frequency antenna, most
Between achievable rate between switch module beamforming system (OABF) described in good scheme (waiting gains beam forming) and this example
Gap is the constant of 3.3 bit/symbols.
Simulation Beam Forming System is switched described in this example and other analog beams formation scheme is incompatible, to constitute new mix
Fit architecture.Other beamforming systems, such as radar, can also be using switch module beamforming system described in this example
(OABF) to reduce system cost.
To sum up, this example is based on channel state information, and each of multiple transmitting radio-frequency antennas are switched on or disconnect with reality
Existing beam forming, can substantially reduce high cost, power consumption and the volume used in traditional analog beamforming system
Huge analog phase shifter, the present invention realize switch simulation Wave beam forming gain, Suo Youxuan using only simple analog switch
The radio-frequency antenna selected is directly connected to a corresponding rf chain and sets without any pretreatment such as other rf chains or phase shifter
Standby, the effect of switch simulation beamforming system of the present invention is by the radio-frequency antenna of selection a part come simply real
It is existing, and complete spatial multiplexing gain and whole diversity gains may be implemented.
The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be said that
Specific implementation of the invention is only limited to these instructions.For those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, In
Under the premise of not departing from present inventive concept, a number of simple deductions or replacements can also be made, all shall be regarded as belonging to of the invention
Protection scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of switch constrained by independent power simulates beamforming system characterized by comprising transmitting terminal rf chain,
Radio frequency switch assembly and receiving end rf chain, the transmitting terminal rf chain is connected with the input terminal of radio frequency switch assembly, described
The output end of radio frequency switch assembly is connected with the receiving end rf chain；Wherein, the radio frequency switch assembly includes N number of transmitting
RF switch and N number of transmitting radio-frequency antenna corresponding with transmitting RF switch, the radio frequency switch assembly further include receiving
RF switch and reception radio-frequency antenna corresponding with RF switch is received, N is the number for emitting radio-frequency antenna, and N is derived from so
Number；The radio frequency switch assembly selects a reception RF switch, to realize transmitting RF switch and receive between RF switch
Point-to-point transmission, and there is Gaussian Profile to be independently distributed for the transmitting RF switch and the channel received between RF switch
Variable, the switch simulation beamforming system control the RF switch state of radio frequency switch assembly according to channel information with maximum
Change received signal to noise ratio；The transmission power of each transmitting radio-frequency antenna of the radio frequency switch assembly is by the transmitting terminal rf chain
The transmission power of middle transmitter individually constrains.
2. the switch according to claim 1 constrained by independent power simulates beamforming system, which is characterized in that described
The input terminal of N number of transmitting RF switch is connected with the output end of the transmitting terminal rf chain, each transmitting RF switch
Output end be respectively connected to one therewith correspondingly transmitting radio-frequency antenna.
3. the switch according to claim 1 or 2 constrained by independent power simulates beamforming system, which is characterized in that
The input terminal for receiving RF switch is connected to and receives radio-frequency antenna correspondingly therewith, described to receive the defeated of RF switch
Outlet is connected with the input terminal of the receiving end rf chain.
4. the switch according to claim 3 constrained by independent power simulates beamforming system, which is characterized in that described
In transmitting terminal rf chain, transmitter is connected to the input terminal of current divider by power amplifier, and the output end of the current divider connects
It is connected to the transmitting RF switch of the radio frequency switch assembly.
5. the switch according to claim 4 constrained by independent power simulates beamforming system, which is characterized in that described
In the rf chain of receiving end, receiver is connected to the output end of combiner, the input terminal of the combiner by low-noise amplifier
It is connected to the reception RF switch of the radio frequency switch assembly.
6. the switch according to claim 5 constrained by independent power simulates beamforming system, which is characterized in that described
The baseband receiving signals system model of receiver isThe received signal-to-noise ratio of receiver isWherein, PoFor the transmission power of transmitter；hjFor j-th of transmitting radio-frequency antenna and receive radio frequency
Channel coefficients between antenna, hj, 0≤j≤N is the independent same distribution variable for obeying multiple Gauss distribution CN (0,1)；X is hair
The base band for penetrating machine sends signal；N~CN (0, σ2) indicate receiver white Gaussian noise；T is the set for emitting radio-frequency antenna；|
∑j∈Thj|2For the signal power of receiver.
7. the switch according to claim 6 constrained by independent power simulates beamforming system, which is characterized in that each
A transmitting radio-frequency antenna sends radiofrequency signal with its maximized transmission power.
8. the switch according to claim 6 constrained by independent power simulates beamforming system, which is characterized in that described
Switch simulation beamforming system controls the RF switch state of radio frequency switch assembly according to channel information and receives letter to maximize
Make an uproar than the following steps are included:
Step S1 draws the orthogonal vertical line of N item for this N number of channel coefficients according to the channel coefficients of N number of transmitting radio-frequency antenna, will be N number of
The complex plane of transmitting radio-frequency antenna composition is divided into total 2N sector；
Step S2 determines a corresponding set V to each sectorK；
Step S3, to first set V1, calculate the sum of all channel coefficients therein
Step S4 successively calculates wherein all the sum of channel coefficients to subsequent set
Step S5, to all fk, select one of its maximum absolute value；By the f of maximum absolute valuekCorresponding set VKMake
For the set T for emitting radio-frequency antenna.
9. the switch according to claim 8 constrained by independent power simulates beamforming system, which is characterized in that described
In step S2, if i-th of channel coefficients hiIn sector, the projection of k is positive number, then hi∈Vk；Otherwise
10. the switch according to claim 8 constrained by independent power simulates beamforming system, which is characterized in that institute
It states in step S1, depicts N number of channel coefficients hj(j=1；2；…；N two-dimentional complex plane), trunnion axis and the longitudinal axis are right respectively
Answer real and imaginary parts；Then to each channel coefficients hjIts cross line by origin is drawn, 2N sector is obtained.
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| CN115568016A (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2023-01-03 | 三星电子株式会社 | Method and apparatus for performing paging in mobile communication system |
| KR102367840B1 (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2022-02-25 | 삼성전자 주식회사 | Method and appatarus for performing paging in mobile communication system |
| CN108134216B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2024-02-06 | 广东博纬通信科技有限公司 | Antenna array simulating beam forming |
| CN108494461B (en) | 2018-03-16 | 2020-06-16 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Wireless communication device |
| CN108199730B (en) | 2018-03-16 | 2020-11-06 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Multi-way selector switch, radio frequency system and wireless communication equipment |
| CN108512567B (en) | 2018-03-16 | 2020-06-23 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Multi-way selector switch, radio frequency system and wireless communication equipment |
| CN112134588B (en) | 2018-03-16 | 2022-03-15 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Multi-way selector switch and related products |
| CN108462499A (en) | 2018-03-16 | 2018-08-28 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | Multidiameter option switch and Related product |
| CN108462506B (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2020-06-23 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Multi-way selector switch, radio frequency system and wireless communication equipment |
| CN108390693A (en) | 2018-03-16 | 2018-08-10 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | Multidiameter option switch and Related product |
| CN108462498B (en) | 2018-03-16 | 2020-05-05 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Multi-way selector switch, radio frequency system and wireless communication equipment |
| CN109167623B (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2021-09-10 | 大连理工大学 | Hybrid beam forming system applied to millimeter wave multi-antenna system and millimeter wave multi-antenna system thereof |
| TWI708520B (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2020-10-21 | 財團法人工業技術研究院 | Base station and operation method thereof and communication system |
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