CN106526334A - Capacity detection circuit for DC bus capacitor of photovoltaic inverter - Google Patents
Capacity detection circuit for DC bus capacitor of photovoltaic inverter Download PDFInfo
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- CN106526334A CN106526334A CN201611063631.3A CN201611063631A CN106526334A CN 106526334 A CN106526334 A CN 106526334A CN 201611063631 A CN201611063631 A CN 201611063631A CN 106526334 A CN106526334 A CN 106526334A
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- photovoltaic
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
- G01R27/2605—Measuring capacitance
Abstract
The invention provides a capacity detection circuit for the DC bus capacitor of a photovoltaic inverter. The capacity detection circuit comprises a power supply circuit (102), a voltage sampling circuit (104), a comparator circuit (105), a micro-controller (106) and a communication circuit (107). The input end of the voltage sampling circuit (104) is connected with the positive and negative electrodes of the DC bus capacitor of the photovoltaic inverter. The output end of the voltage sampling circuit (104) is connected with the input end of the comparator circuit (105). The output end of the comparator circuit (105) is connected with the input end of the micro-controller (107). The output end of the micro-controller (107) is connected with a relay switch (109) and the communication circuit (107). The power supply circuit (102) is connected with the power supply ports of all the above parts. When the DC bus capacitor of the photovoltaic inverter is connected with a discharge resistor to realize the discharge process, the change of the voltage at the two ends of the capacitor is detected by the voltage sampling circuit. After the high-low level conversion treatment of the comparator circuit, the corresponding change value of the voltage is calculated by the microcontroller. Meanwhile, the reduction time of the fixed voltage range is calculated, and then the performance of the capacitor is evaluated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detection circuit of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance.
Background technology
The service life of photovoltaic combining inverter is the key for ensureing photovoltaic plant long-term reliability.The combining inverter life-span
Generally affected by its internal critical component life-span.Wherein photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance is the weight for affecting inverter longevity
Want factor.It is the key for ensureing inverter reliability service to obtain information of forecasting before electric capacity life termination in time.Because electric capacity holds
There is corresponding relation between amount and life-span, the prediction in its life-span is generally realized by monitoring the change of capacitance.
There is corresponding photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance discharge circuit in Some Domestic inverter producer, but no independent
Circuit detects bus capacitor capacity by capacitor discharge time.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is the shortcoming for overcoming prior art unknown to photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance performance, is proposed
A kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance capacity detection circuit.Necessary process of the present invention using electric capacity electric discharge, detects electric capacity
Capacity, predicts the electric capacity life-span.
Present invention detection circuit includes power-supplying circuit, voltage sampling circuit, comparison circuit, microcontroller and communication
Circuit.Power-supplying circuit supply port respectively with voltage sampling circuit, comparison circuit, microcontroller, and communicating circuit
It is connected.The input of voltage sampling circuit connects the both positive and negative polarity of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance, voltage sampling circuit it is defeated
Go out end to be connected with comparison circuit input, comparison circuit outfan is connected with microcontroller input, the outfan of microcontroller
It is connected with relay switch and communicating circuit respectively.
Voltage signal is passed to comparison circuit by voltage sampling circuit, through voltage ratio relatively after the low and high level signal that exports
Microcontroller is passed to, and communicating circuit is passed to after microcontroller computing, user is passed information to by communicating circuit.
Wherein, power-supplying circuit is responsible for for external input voltage being converted to three electric pressures that inside uses, to electricity
Chip power supply in pressure sample circuit, comparison circuit, microcontroller and communicating circuit.Power-supplying circuit by voltage module,
Control chip and filter capacitor, inductance composition, external power source and filter capacitor and are connected, the outfan and inductance company of filter capacitor
Connect, the outfan of inductance is connected with voltage module, the outfan of voltage module is connected with control chip.Voltage module exports two
Mutually isolated 5V voltages, input power of one of 5V voltages as control chip, control chip output 3.3V voltages.
In the power-supplying circuit, 24VDC voltages are taken by outside, voltage sampling circuit, comparison are obtained by voltage module and chip electric
Three independent electric pressures that road, microcontroller and communicating circuit need.Voltage stabilizing module provides voltage sampling circuit, compares
The two mutually isolated 5VDC needed in circuit and communicating circuit, and 3.3V voltages are provided for microcontroller.
Voltage signal is passed to comparison circuit by voltage sampling circuit.Voltage sampling circuit is by divider resistance string and the difference of connecting
Divide amplifying circuit composition, in the voltage sampling circuit, by photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance positive pole and direct current negative pole two ends
As the input of voltage sampling circuit, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance both end voltage is sampled.The sampled voltage of output
The comparison circuit of signal input rear class.
Through voltage ratio relatively after the low and high level signal transmission that exports to microcontroller, into the external interrupt of microcontroller
Interface.In the comparison circuit, two comparators, sample circuit are built using two operational amplifiers and resistance, electric capacity
The sampled voltage signal of output respectively enters the in the same direction and reverse input end of two comparators, default into one in sampled voltage
The two ends of voltage class ranges carry out output level saltus step.Further, in above-mentioned two comparator, the control of comparison voltage
Controlled by two variable resistances respectively, to reach the adjustable purpose of voltage threshold.
Low and high level signal passes to communicating circuit after microcontroller computing, in the microcontroller, using list
Piece machine come reach signal collection, calculating, send and control relay switch purpose.The high and low level of comparison circuit output
Signal transmission carries out computing, result of the microcontroller using analysis, by I/O pin controls to the external interrupt interface of microcontroller
Relay switch processed, and pass data to communicating circuit.
The two ends of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance positive pole and negative pole are located at by the relay switch of microprocessor controls,
Connect to the high power discharge resistance of detection object photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance electric discharge, this detection circuit can be controlled
Working condition.In above-mentioned relay switch, by PC817 optocouplers, BCX51 audions, HF32FA relays and resistance, electric capacity
Composition relay drive circuit, control signal input are connected with PC817 optocouplers, outfan and tri- poles of BCX51 of PC817 optocouplers
Pipe and resistance, the circuit connection of electric capacity composition, BCX51 transistor outputs are connected with relay.I/O can be passed through by microcontroller
The on off state of signal control relay switch.
Communicating circuit passes information to user, in the communicating circuit, builds one using MAX485 chips and optocoupler
Individual communicating circuit, one end of optocoupler connect the outfan of microcontroller, and the other end of optocoupler is connected with MAX485 chips.To pass through
The capacitor discharge time signal that microcontroller sampling is calculated passes to top level control circuit in real time.
Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance capacity is as shown in table 1 with discharge time corresponding relation, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter direct current
Bus capacitor capacity is linear with discharge time.Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance volume calculation can be according to 1 data of table
Complete.
1 photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance capacity of table and discharge time mapping table
The course of work of the present invention is, during photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance discharges, by voltage sample electricity
Road detection photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance both end voltage change, after comparison circuit low and high level conversion process, by micro-
Controller computing draws corresponding voltage change, and calculates the time of the decline of fixed voltage scope, for assessing capacitive character
The quality of energy.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, this detection capacitor discharge time is that the method for capacitive property reference can be effectively
Solve the problems, such as inverter real-time detection capacitance state.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is present invention detection schematic block circuit diagram；
Fig. 2 is power-supplying circuit schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is sampling, comparison circuit schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is microcontroller and its peripheral circuit schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is communicating circuit schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is capacitance and generating dutation curve chart.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, present invention detection circuit includes power-supplying circuit 102, voltage sampling circuit 104, comparison circuit
105th, microcontroller 106 and communicating circuit 107.The input connection photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc bus of voltage sampling circuit 104
The both positive and negative polarity of electric capacity 101, the outfan of voltage sampling circuit 104 are connected with 105 input of comparison circuit, and comparison circuit 105 is defeated
Go out end to be connected with 107 input of microcontroller, the outfan of microcontroller 107 respectively with relay switch 109 and communicating circuit
107 are connected, and power-supplying circuit is connected with the supply port of each several part respectively.
Described power-supplying circuit 102 is made up of voltage module, control chip and filter capacitor, inductance, such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show, external power source with series connection two filter capacitors be connected, the outfan and inductance connection of filter capacitor, the outfan of inductance and
The input of voltage module is connected, the output connection control chip of voltage module.Voltage module exports two mutually isolated 5V
Voltage, input power of one of 5V voltages as control chip, control chip output 3.3V voltages.Voltage feed circuit from
Outside takes 24VDC voltages, finally gives two mutually isolated 5VDC and 3.3V voltages.It is in parallel in the input of voltage module
Filter capacitor and inductance are accessed, for reducing ripple voltage.Power-supplying circuit 102 is voltage sampling circuit, comparison circuit, micro-
Controller and communicating circuit are powered.
As shown in figure 1, when detection circuit of the present invention works, being closed by 106 control relay of microcontroller switch 109
Close, discharge resistance 103 is linked in circuit, 103 one end of discharge resistance connection relay, one end are female with photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter direct current
Line capacitance positive pole is connected, now the electric discharge of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance both end voltage
Process in persistently reducing.The change of the voltage is detected by voltage sampling circuit 104.
As shown in figure 3, voltage sampling circuit 104 is made up of series connection divider resistance string and differential amplifier circuit, photovoltaic inversion
The positive and negative electrode of device dc-link capacitance connects the biphase input of difference channel by divider resistance series winding of connecting, and prevents sampling electricity
The interference produced when being pressed into into rear end comparator, the outfan of difference channel are connected with comparison circuit input.Voltage sample electricity
Road 104 is to photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance positive and negative electrode both end voltage VPVSampling, obtains sampled voltage V1：
Wherein, R18-R34 is in differential amplifier circuit input series connection divider resistance string, i.e. voltage sampling circuit 104
Series connection divider resistance string.
Sampled voltage V1Respectively enter two comparison circuits 105 in the same direction, reverse input end be compared, comparison circuit 105
It is composed in series by chip LM393 and input pickup resistance.Comparator voltage threshold value VR1、VR2Obtained by input pickup resistance partial pressure, be input into
End resistance respectively with power supply, and the input of chip LM393 be connected, another inputs of chip LM393 and difference channel
Outfan is connected.
Wherein, VR1、VR2For comparator voltage threshold value, VR1>VR2, R36～R39 respectively comparison circuit input pickup resistances.
From above-mentioned formula and comparator circuit, when photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance both end voltage VPVMore than detection
Voltage threshold VR1When, i.e. VPV>VR1When, comparator output high level；When photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance both end voltage VPVEnter
After entering in reference voltage detection, i.e. VR1>VPV>VR2When, comparator output low level, and in VPV=VR1Moment level overturns；
When photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance both end voltage VPVDuring less than detection voltage threshold, i.e. VPV<VR2When, comparator output is high
Level, and in VPV=VR2Moment level overturns.
As shown in figure 3, comparison circuit is composed in series by chip LM393 and input pickup resistance.Input pickup resistance is by resistance
R36, R37, R38 and R39 are composed in series.Input pickup resistance respectively with power supply, and the input of chip LM393 be connected,
Another input of chip LM393 is connected with the outfan of difference channel.Two comparison circuit threshold values are by input pickup resistance control
System, the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance electric discharge starting and ending magnitude of voltage of corresponding voltage sample circuit measurement.By above-mentioned ratio
Compared with circuit 105 working condition understand, when comparison circuit detect photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance electric discharge it is complete through one
After the whole cycle, the signal of comparator output is changed into low level from high level and is changed into high level again.The level signal enters micro-control
106 external interrupt of device processed carries out calculation process.
Microcontroller 106 is made up of DSPIC single-chip microcomputers and its corresponding peripheral circuit, as shown in figure 4, peripheral circuit includes
Crystal oscillator, power supply and electric capacity, the crystal oscillating circuit that the clock pins of DSPIC single-chip microcomputers are constituted with crystal oscillator and electric capacity are connected, DSPIC monolithics
The power pin of machine is connected with power supply, and the input pin of DSPIC single-chip microcomputers is connected with comparison circuit outfan, DSPIC single-chip microcomputers
Output pin respectively with communicating circuit and relay switch input be connected.Microcontroller 106 is used for receiving comparison circuit 105
Level signal, passes data to communicating circuit 107 after calculating.DSPIC single-chip microcomputers provide clock, clock frequency by external crystal-controlled oscillation
For 22.1184MHz.
As shown in figure 5, communicating circuit is made up of MAX485 chips and optocoupler, one end connection microcontroller 106 of optocoupler
Outfan, the other end of optocoupler are connected with MAX485 chips.The output signal of microcontroller 106 after light-coupled isolation with
MAX485 chips connect.Communicating circuit is mainly communicated using 485, and the independence+5VDC voltages produced by power-supplying circuit 102
Power supply, it is main to be responsible for and the communication between higher level's circuit, send capacitor discharge time value.
When 106 external interrupt of microcontroller receives trailing edge level signal, inside programme-control opening chip
Timer；When single-chip microcomputer external interrupt receives rising edge level signal, then chip internal timer is closed, and calculates this section
The value of discharge time.
By 106 computing of microcontroller and record capacitor discharge time, by the communicating circuit built by MAX485 chips
107 pass to top level control circuit 108, are that detection capacitive property makees reference frame.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance capacity detection circuit, it is characterised in that：Described detection circuit includes electricity
Source power supply circuits (102), voltage sampling circuit (104), comparison circuit (105), microcontroller (106) and communicating circuit (107)；
The input of voltage sampling circuit (104) connects the both positive and negative polarity of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance, voltage sampling circuit (104)
Outfan be connected with the input of comparison circuit (105), the outfan of comparison circuit (105) is input into microcontroller (106)
End is connected, and the outfan of microcontroller (106) is connected with relay switch (109) and communicating circuit (107) respectively, and power supply is supplied
Circuit (102) is connected with the supply port of each several part.
2. according to the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance capacity detection circuit described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described
Power-supplying circuit is made up of voltage module, control chip and filter capacitor, inductance, external power source and two filtered electricals connected
Hold and be connected, the outfan and inductance connection of filter capacitor, the outfan of inductance are connected with the input of voltage module, voltage module
Outfan be connected with control chip；Voltage module exports two mutually isolated 5V voltages, and one of 5V voltages are used as control
The input power of coremaking piece, control chip output 3.3V voltages.
3. according to the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance capacity detection circuit described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described
Voltage sampling circuit (104) is made up of series connection divider resistance string and differential amplifier circuit, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance
Positive and negative electrode connects the biphase input of difference channel, the outfan and comparison circuit of difference channel by divider resistance series winding of connecting
Input is connected；Voltage sampling circuit (104) is to photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance positive and negative electrode both end voltage VPVSampling, obtains
To sampled voltage V1。
4. according to the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance capacity detection circuit described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described
Comparison circuit (105) is composed in series by chip LM393 and input pickup resistance；Input pickup resistance respectively with power supply, and chip
One input of LM393 is connected, and another inputs of chip LM393 are connected with difference channel outfan.
5. according to the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance capacity detection circuit described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described
Microcontroller (106) is made up of DSPIC single-chip microcomputers and its corresponding peripheral circuit；Peripheral circuit includes crystal oscillator, power supply and electric capacity,
The crystal oscillating circuit that the clock pins of DSPIC single-chip microcomputers are constituted with crystal oscillator and electric capacity is connected, power pin and the electricity of DSPIC single-chip microcomputers
Source is connected, and the input pin of DSPIC single-chip microcomputers is connected with the outfan of comparison circuit, the output pin difference of DSPIC single-chip microcomputers
It is connected with communicating circuit and relay switch input；Microcontroller (106) for receiving the level signal of comparison circuit (105),
Communicating circuit (107) is passed data to after calculating；DSPIC single-chip microcomputers provide clock by external crystal-controlled oscillation.
6. according to the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance capacity detection circuit described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：By described
The relay switch (109) that microcontroller (106) is controlled is connected to the two of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance positive pole and negative pole
End, connects to the discharge resistance (103) of detection object photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance electric discharge；The one of discharge resistance (103)
End connection relay, the other end are connected with photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance positive pole；In the relay switch, by PC817
Optocoupler, BCX51 audions, HF32FA relays and resistance, electric capacity composition relay drive circuit, control signal input with
Optocoupler is connected；The outfan of PC817 optocouplers is connected with BCX51 audions and resistance, the circuit of electric capacity composition, BCX51 audions
Outfan be connected with HF32FA relays；During described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc-link capacitance discharges, by micro-control
Device (106) control relay switch (109) closure processed, by voltage sampling circuit (104) detection photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter dc bus electricity
Hold both end voltage change, after comparison circuit low and high level conversion process, corresponding electricity is drawn by microcontroller (106) computing
Pressure changing value, and the time of the decline of fixed voltage scope is calculated, assess the quality of capacitive property；Communicating circuit (107) is by Jing
The capacitor discharge time signal for crossing microcontroller sampling calculating passes to top level control circuit in real time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611063631.3A CN106526334A (en) | 2016-11-25 | 2016-11-25 | Capacity detection circuit for DC bus capacitor of photovoltaic inverter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611063631.3A CN106526334A (en) | 2016-11-25 | 2016-11-25 | Capacity detection circuit for DC bus capacitor of photovoltaic inverter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106526334A true CN106526334A (en) | 2017-03-22 |
Family
ID=58357591
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611063631.3A Pending CN106526334A (en) | 2016-11-25 | 2016-11-25 | Capacity detection circuit for DC bus capacitor of photovoltaic inverter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106526334A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109633283A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-04-16 | 厦门科华恒盛股份有限公司 | Bus capacitor capacitance monitoring method, device and terminal device |
| CN111273102A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-06-12 | 中国电子产品可靠性与环境试验研究所（（工业和信息化部电子第五研究所）（中国赛宝实验室）） | Bus capacitor aging test method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN114325059A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-12 | 重庆三电智能科技有限公司 | High-power direct current bus detection device |
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| CN111273102A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-06-12 | 中国电子产品可靠性与环境试验研究所（（工业和信息化部电子第五研究所）（中国赛宝实验室）） | Bus capacitor aging test method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN114325059A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-12 | 重庆三电智能科技有限公司 | High-power direct current bus detection device |
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Application publication date: 20170322 |