CN106523055A - Environment-friendly and energy-saving power generation system and process and power generating station - Google Patents

Environment-friendly and energy-saving power generation system and process and power generating station Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106523055A
CN106523055A CN201611252204.XA CN201611252204A CN106523055A CN 106523055 A CN106523055 A CN 106523055A CN 201611252204 A CN201611252204 A CN 201611252204A CN 106523055 A CN106523055 A CN 106523055A
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medium
level
turbine
cryogenic fluid
flue
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翁志远
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power generation, in particular to an environment-friendly and energy-saving power generation system and process and a power generating station. The environment-friendly and energy-saving power generation system and process comprise a low-temperature working medium treatment storage unit, a second-stage booster pump, a first-stage condenser, a second-stage steam turbine, a second-stage condenser and a second-stage condensate pump which communicate in sequence in an end-to-end mode. A second medium stored in the low-temperature working medium treatment storage unit is delivered to the first-stage condenser through the second-stage booster pump to cool waste steam flowing through a first-stage steam turbine of the first-stage condenser and is delivered to the second-stage steam turbine to drive the second-stage steam turbine to rotate. The second-stage condenser is used for cooling a second medium output by the second-stage steam turbine and delivering the second medium into the low-temperature working medium treatment storage unit through the second-stage condensate pump. The power generating station comprises the environment-friendly and energy-saving power generation system. The environment-friendly and energy-saving power generation system and process and the power generating station are provided for solving the technical problem that a large quantity of heat of waste steam of a steam turbine is wasted in the prior art.

Description

Environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system and its technique and electric station
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of power generation, more particularly to a kind of environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system and its technique and electric station.
Background technology
Existing thermal power station, nuclear power station and biomass power generation plant etc. are all to become High Temperature High Pressure steaming using burning and heating water The thermo-mechanical power generation technology of vapour, this mode are present main power generation modes.Its method be by methods such as combustion heatings, by water plus Heat becomes the water vapour of superhigh-temperature and-pressure, and pushing turbine and electromotor are generated electricity, the exhaust steam that steam turbine acting is discharged, exhaust steam Exchange heat in condenser with cooling system, so that exhaust steam reduction becomes liquid water, then be conveyed to boiler and re-start heating.Condensation Water is reheated by boiler becomes high temperature and high pressure steam, and pushing turbine and generating set generate electricity and do work, and it is weary that steam turbine is discharged Vapour, then condensed water is reduced into by condenser is cooled, then boiler heating is transported to, so constantly circulate.It is existing There is cooling system generally to cool down using water-cooled and air cooling mode.Water-cooled is generally cooled down using cooling tower, air-cooled usual employing Air cooling system is cooled down.
We are often able to see thermal power plant and nuclear power plant have very thick cement cooling tower to emit white vapor , all by loss quite big energy, thick cooling tower is continual for (or throwing huge fund construction air cooling system), cooling tower and air cooling system Work, every year by emission loss super substantial amounts of energy, while being also lost in super great lot of water resources.Power plant is originally to produce burning Raw thermal energy is electric energy output, substantial amounts of thermal energy runs away, significant wastage resource.
Condenser in condensation process, will evaporation latent heat that contain in the exhaust steam of steam turbine output, by water-cooled or sky The technology such as cold, the evaporation latent heat contained in steam is emitted, and is transported to boiler internal by water pump again and enters after obtaining condensed water Row is reheated.In condensation process, unit will lose extremely large number evaporation latent heat energy.Unite according to relevant report and related data Meter, the generating efficiency that thermal power station, nuclear power station generating efficiency only have 35%-38% or so, Daya Bay nuclear power plant only reach 33%, closely 70% energy loss is fallen and is discharged in air, not only causes the massive losses of the valuable energy, while the huge heat energy in power station Amount is discharged in air and ocean, and continual discharge year in year out.Even if it is empty that the earth possesses super huge atmosphere Between, ocean possesses huge ocean area and volume, but is also subjected to the so much thermal power station in the incessantly whole world, nuclear power station, life The heat of the electricity generation systems such as material power station discharge.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system and its technique and electric station, to solve in prior art The technical problem that the heat of the exhaust steam of the steam turbine of presence is wasted in a large number.
The environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system that the present invention is provided, including the cryogenic fluid that is sequentially communicated of head and the tail process memorizer, two Level booster pump, one-level condenser, second turbine, two grades of condensers and two grades of condensation pumps；
The cryogenic fluid processes the second medium of memorizer memory storage and is delivered to described one by the two-stage supercharging pump Level condenser, flows through the exhaust steam of the first turbine of the one-level condenser, and is delivered to the second turbine for cooling, Rotated with ordering about the second turbine；
Two grades of condensers are used for the second medium for cooling down the second turbine output, and described second is situated between Matter is delivered to the cryogenic fluid by two grades of condensation pumps and processes in memorizer.
Further, described environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system, including cryogenic fluid compressor and heat exchanger, also including three-level Steam turbine or decompressor；
The cryogenic fluid compressor, the heat exchanger, three level steam turbine or the decompressor, described two grades coagulate Vapour device head and the tail are sequentially communicated and form closed circuit；
The cryogenic fluid compressor is used to compress the 3rd medium, and the 3rd medium is cold by the heat exchanger But, three level steam turbine or the decompressor are delivered to, are rotated with ordering about three level steam turbine or the decompressor；
Two grades of condensers are by coming from the 3rd Jie that three level steam turbine or the decompressor are exported Matter cools down the second medium of the second turbine output, and the 3rd medium is delivered to the cryogenic fluid compression Machine.
Further, the heat exchanger is connected to two grades of condensation pumps and the cryogenic fluid is processed between memorizer, For the heat energy of the 3rd medium is passed to the second medium；
Three-level cryogenic fluid memorizer is connected between three level steam turbine or the decompressor and the heat exchanger；
The cryogenic fluid driven compressor connects three level steam turbine or the decompressor.
Further, described environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system, also including level Four booster pump and four level steam turbines；
The second medium that the level Four booster pump is used to make the cryogenic fluid process memorizer memory storage is delivered to Device to be cooled, so that the device cooling to be cooled；The device to be cooled includes boiler, first turbine and boiler flue In one or more；
The cryogenic fluid process memorizer, the level Four booster pump, the device to be cooled, four level steam turbine, Two grades of condensers and two grades of condensation pumps head and the tail are sequentially communicated and form closed circuit；
The second medium for flowing through the device to be cooled is delivered to four level steam turbine, to order about the level Four vapour Turbine is rotated.
Further, the boiler flue is provided with the first chimney heat exchanger；First chimney heat exchanger is used to connect Boiler；
First chimney heat exchanger is connected between the level Four booster pump and four level steam turbine, for will be described In boiler flue, the heat energy of flue gas passes to the second medium；
The boiler flue is provided with the second chimney heat exchanger；The boiler, first chimney heat exchanger and described Two chimney heat exchangers are sequentially communicated；
Second chimney heat exchanger is connected between the level Four booster pump and four level steam turbine, for will be described In boiler flue, the heat energy of flue gas passes to the second medium.
Further, the boiler flue is provided with flue fan-compressor and flue condenser；First flue is changed Hot device, the flue fan-compressor, second chimney heat exchanger and the flue condenser are sequentially communicated；
The flue fan-compressor comes from the flue gas of first chimney heat exchanger for compression, and is conveyed to described Second chimney heat exchanger；
The flue condenser comes from the flue gas of second chimney heat exchanger for cooling.
Further, described environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system, including cryogenic fluid compressor and heat exchanger, also including three-level Steam turbine or decompressor；
The cryogenic fluid compressor, the heat exchanger, three level steam turbine or the decompressor, the flue are cold Condenser head and the tail are sequentially communicated and form closed circuit；
The cryogenic fluid compressor is used to compress the 3rd medium, and the 3rd medium is cold by the heat exchanger But, three level steam turbine or the decompressor are delivered to, are rotated with ordering about three level steam turbine or the decompressor；
The flue condenser is by coming from the 3rd Jie that three level steam turbine or the decompressor are exported Matter cools down flue gas in the boiler flue, and the 3rd medium is delivered to the cryogenic fluid compressor；
It is connected with described two grades to coagulate between three level steam turbine or the decompressor and the cryogenic fluid compressor Vapour device；
Two grades of condensers are by coming from the 3rd Jie that three level steam turbine or the decompressor are exported Matter cools down the second medium of the second turbine output, and the 3rd medium is delivered to the cryogenic fluid compression Machine.
Further, the second turbine drive connection secondary generator；
Three level steam turbine or the decompressor drive connection three-level electromotor；
The second medium is carbon dioxide, ammonia, helium, hydrogen, oxygen, argon, nitrogen or freon；
3rd medium is carbon dioxide, ammonia, helium, hydrogen, oxygen, argon, nitrogen or freon.
The environmental protection and energy saving electrification technique as well as that the present invention is provided, it is adaptable to described environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system, including following step Suddenly：
The second medium that be in a liquid state of the temperature less than -35 DEG C is processed in memorizer from cryogenic fluid and is delivered to one-level condensing Device；
In one-level condenser, temperature be 20 DEG C -35 DEG C of first turbine exhaust steam and second medium heat exchange after temperature Degree drop to 10 DEG C -20 DEG C, while second medium heat absorption vaporization after temperature rise to 5 DEG C -15 DEG C, pressure rise to more than 3.5MPa simultaneously It is delivered to second turbine；
Second medium order about second turbine rotate acting after, temperature be down to less than -35 DEG C, pressure be down to below 0.5MPa And it is delivered to two grades of condensers；
The second medium temperature that is cooled in two grades of condensers is down to less than -50 DEG C, and is delivered to cryogenic fluid process and deposits In reservoir, circulation is formed.
The electric station that the present invention is provided, including described environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system.
Environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system and its technique and electric station that the present invention is provided, are processed in memorizer by cryogenic fluid The second medium of storage is delivered to one-level condenser through two-stage supercharging pump, to cool down the first turbine for flowing through one-level condenser Exhaust steam, by the heat energy displacement in the exhaust steam of first turbine to second medium；Second medium orders about two after absorbing heat energy Level steam turbine is rotated, and the heat energy of second medium is converted into second turbine rotating mechanical energy；Again by two grades of condenser coolings The second medium of second turbine output, and second medium is delivered to into cryogenic fluid process memorizer by two grades of condensation pumps It is interior, realize circulation.In relative to prior art, the one-level vapour for flowing through one-level condenser is cooled down using modes such as water-cooled or air coolings The evaporation heat energy contained in exhaust steam is passed through cooling tower, air cooling system by the exhaust steam of turbine (namely steam turbine of the prior art) Emit Deng cooling system, have lost extremely large number heat energy；This environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system is stored by cryogenic fluid process Second medium cooling in device flows through the exhaust steam of the first turbine of one-level condenser, so that second medium absorbs heat and orders about two grades Steam turbine rotates, and the heat energy in exhaust steam is converted into second turbine rotating mechanical energy effectively, exhaust steam can be effectively utilized In heat energy.
Description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the specific embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to concrete Needed for embodiment or description of the prior art, accompanying drawing to be used is briefly described, it should be apparent that, in describing below Accompanying drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before creative work is not paid Put, can be with according to these other accompanying drawings of accompanying drawings acquisition.
Fig. 1 is the first pass schematic diagram of the environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system that the embodiment of the present invention one is provided；
Fig. 2 is the second procedure schematic diagram of the environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system that the embodiment of the present invention one is provided；
Fig. 3 is the first partial schematic diagram of the environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system shown in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the second partial schematic diagram of the environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system shown in Fig. 1.
Icon：101- boilers；102- first turbines；103- one-level electromotors；104- one-level condensers；105- one-levels are coagulated Knot pump；106- one-level oxygen-eliminating devices；107- one-level booster pumps；201- cryogenic fluids process memorizer；202- two-stage supercharging pumps；203- Second turbine；Bis- grades of condensers of 204-；Bis- grades of condensation pumps of 205-；206- secondary generators；301- cryogenic fluid compressors； 302- heat exchangers；Tri- level steam turbines of 303-；304- three-level electromotors；305- three-level cryogenic fluid memorizeies；401- level Four is pressurized Pump；Tetra- level steam turbines of 402-；403- level Four electromotors；501- initial filter equipment；The first chimney heat exchangers of 502-；Before 503- compressors End separator；504- flue fan-compressors；The second chimney heat exchangers of 505-；506- compressors rear end separator； 507- flue condensers；508- memorizeies front end separator；509- flue memorizeies.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, it is clear that described enforcement Example is a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than the embodiment of whole.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ordinary skill The every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is not made by personnel, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
In describing the invention, it should be noted that term " " center ", " on ", D score, "left", "right", " vertical ", The orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as " level ", " interior ", " outward " be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, merely to Be easy to description the present invention and simplify description, rather than indicate or imply indication device or element must have specific orientation, With specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore it is not considered as limiting the invention.Additionally, term " first ", " second ", " the 3rd " is only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that indicating or implying relative importance.
In describing the invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase Company ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, or being detachably connected, or be integrally connected；Can Being to be mechanically connected, or electrically connect；Can be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, Ke Yishi The connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood at this with concrete condition Concrete meaning in invention.
Embodiment one
Referring to shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 4, present embodiments providing a kind of environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system；Fig. 1 is provided for the present embodiment Environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system first pass schematic diagram；The second of the environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system that Fig. 2 is provided for the present embodiment Schematic flow sheet；In order to clearly understand the present embodiment, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are two of the environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system shown in Fig. 1 Individual partial schematic diagram.Arrow shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 is the flow direction of medium in pipeline, wherein, A represents the output of level Four booster pump End, B represent the input of four level steam turbines, and C represents the outfan (namely input of flue condenser) of three level steam turbines, D The input (namely outfan of flue condenser) of cryogenic fluid compressor is represented, E represents the outfan of boiler flue, F tables Show that the medium of flue memorizer memory storage can be reused, such as medium of flue memorizer memory storage is carbon dioxide liquid Cryogenic fluid can be supplied to process memorizer.
Referring to shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 4, the environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system that the present embodiment is provided is suitable to reclaim first turbine 102 Exhaust steam heat, including the cryogenic fluid that is sequentially communicated of head and the tail processes memorizer 201, two-stage supercharging pump 202, one-level condenser 104th, 203, two grades of condensers 204 of second turbine and two grades of condensation pumps 205, form closed circuit.
Cryogenic fluid processes the second medium of 201 memory storage of memorizer and is delivered to one-level condensing by two-stage supercharging pump 202 Device 104, flows through the exhaust steam of the first turbine 102 of one-level condenser 104, and is delivered to second turbine 203 for cooling, with Order about second turbine 203 to rotate；Preferably, 203 drive connection secondary generator 206 of second turbine, with to a certain degree On the heat energy of the exhaust steam of first turbine 102 is converted into the electric energy of secondary generator 206, improve generating efficiency.Additionally, two grades Steam turbine 203 can be with other rotation apparatuses of drive connection.
Preferably, in the environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system, the second medium of circulation is that gas-liquid becomes phase medium, namely second medium The conversion of gas phase and liquid phase is carried out in the environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system.To make the first turbine 102 of one-level condenser 104 The cooling effect of exhaust steam is more preferably, it is preferable that cryogenic fluid processes the second medium of 201 memory storage of memorizer and is in whole or in part Liquid, second medium are flowed through after the exhaust steam of one-level condenser 104 and first turbine 102 carries out heat exchange, and second medium heats up In all or part of gaseous state；Meanwhile, the second medium for flowing through one-level condenser 104 is in all or part of liquid endothermic disintergration It is, in all or part of gaseous state, the second medium of high pressure can be formed in specific environment, so as to order about second turbine 203 Acting.
Wherein, cryogenic fluid process 201 memory storage of memorizer second medium for example can for carbon dioxide, ammonia, helium, Hydrogen, oxygen, argon, nitrogen or freon；Certainly, the second medium that cryogenic fluid processes 201 memory storage of memorizer can also be other Cryogenic media.Preferably, cryogenic fluid processes the carbon dioxide of the second medium for liquid of 201 memory storage of memorizer.
Two grades of condensers 204 are used to cool down the second medium of the output of second turbine 203, and second medium is passed through two grades Condense pump 205 to be delivered in cryogenic fluid process memorizer 201.Preferably, second medium is after two grades of condensers 204 are cooled down Process in memorizer 201 to cryogenic fluid in all or part of liquid reflux, realize circulation.Those skilled in the art can manage Solution, after two grades of cooling second mediums of condenser 204, the air vent in second turbine 203 is caused very to a certain extent Sky, so as to heat energy contained by second medium is as much as possible be done work by second turbine 203.
Environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system described in the present embodiment, processes the second of 201 memory storage of memorizer by cryogenic fluid Medium is delivered to one-level condenser 104 through two-stage supercharging pump 202, to cool down the first turbine for flowing through one-level condenser 104 102 exhaust steam, by the heat energy displacement in the exhaust steam of first turbine 102 to second medium；After second medium absorbs heat energy Order about second turbine 203 to rotate, the heat energy of second medium is converted into into 203 rotating mechanical energy of second turbine；Pass through two again The second medium of the level cooling output of second turbine 203 of condenser 204, and second medium is conveyed by two grades of condensation pumps 205 Process in memorizer 201 to cryogenic fluid, realize circulation.It is in relative to prior art, cold using modes such as water-cooled or air coolings But the exhaust steam of the first turbine 102 (namely steam turbine of the prior art) of one-level condenser 104 is flowed through, will be contained in exhaust steam Evaporation heat energy emitted by cooling systems such as cooling tower, air cooling systems, have lost extremely large number heat energy；This environmental protection and energy saving Electricity generation system processes the one-level steamer that the second medium cooling in memorizer 201 flows through one-level condenser 104 by cryogenic fluid Heat energy in exhaust steam, so as to second medium absorbs heat and orders about second turbine 203 rotate, is effectively converted by the exhaust steam of machine 102 For 203 rotating mechanical energy of second turbine, the heat energy in exhaust steam can be effectively utilized.
It should be noted that the electricity generation system such as existing thermal power station, nuclear power station and biomass power generation plant, is all using burning Become the thermo-mechanical power generation technology of high temperature and high pressure steam with heating water, this mode is present main power generation mode.Existing generating System includes that the boiler 101 being sequentially communicated from beginning to end, first turbine 102, one-level condenser 104, one-level condense pump 105, one-level Oxygen-eliminating device 106 and one-level booster pump 107, and form closed circuit；Wherein, 102 drive connection one-level electromotor of first turbine 103, so that one-level electromotor 103 generates electricity.For example, boiler 101 produces high temperature and high pressure steam and promotes the rotation at a high speed of first turbine 102 After turning acting, it is turned into the exhaust steam of low-temp low-pressure, about 30 DEG C or so of exhaust steam temperature, pressure 10Kpa or so contain super a large amount of Evaporation latent heat energy.It is input to one-level condenser 104 to be condensed, discharges super substantial amounts of evaporation latent heat energy.
Existing one-level condenser 104 carries out the cooling such as air cooling using water-cooled or cold wind and flows through one-level condenser 104 The exhaust steam of first turbine 102.Generally build to have very thick cement cooling tower or throw huge fund and build air cooling system, by one-level steamer The heat energy of the exhaust steam displacement of machine 102 is dispersed in air.The cooling tower and air cooling system will all be lost quite big energy, thick cold But tower or the continual work of air cooling system, every year by emission loss super substantial amounts of energy, while using cooling tower cooler skill Art is also possible to be lost in super great lot of water resources.Additionally, the cooling system using water-cooled circulates work year in year out, in one-level condensing 104 tube wall of device will have precipitation of scales, will reduce the heat exchange efficiency of one-level condenser 104, while salinity and acid-base pair one in water Level 104 pipeline of condenser and pipe joint have very strong corrosion, easily cause corrosive pipeline perforation, recirculated cooling water occurs and enters Enter the serious accident to vapour system.In addition：One-level condenser 104 in the winter time, due to outside air temperature it is low, so one-level vapour The exhaust steam condensation effect of the output of turbine 102 is very good.But under the hot environment in summer, the output of first turbine 102 Such as 30 DEG C or so of exhaust steam, outside air temperature also reach 30 degrees centigrades, and 104 work efficiency of one-level condenser is possible will be bright It is aobvious to reduce, will may cause in the peak period of summer electricity consumption, the generating set efficiency in power plant declines and situation not to power.This The situation of kind, it is either clammy air-cooled with air cooling system using cooling tower, can all there is this problem.
And environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system described in the present embodiment, the exhaust steam that exports after first turbine 102 does work enters into one Level condenser 104, the cooling system of one-level condenser 104 adopt second medium, and such as liquid CO 2 working medium is carrying out one The condensation work of the exhaust steam of the output of level steam turbine 102.The second mediums such as low-temperature carbon dioxide liquid are selected to be condensed, in theory Have further the advantage that：
1st, cooling tower or the air cooling system externally not released energy can be realized, these coolings is not only eliminated and is set It is standby, while saving the substantial amounts of land seizure in power plant in theory and various fan and energy in cooling system disappear Consumption.
2nd, existing electricity generation system is in torridity summer, as cooling tower and Air-Cooling Island are easily affected by high temperature, circulating cooling The temperature of water and air is higher, causes condenser condensation effect poor, has a strong impact on the generating efficiency of generating set, torridity summer It is peak of power consumption, generating set is but to power.Environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system described in the present embodiment, can be realized in theory in sweltering heat Summer and Cold Winter, all of equipment working state are all substantially identical, even the summer equipment of sweltering heat also according to Often generate electricity.
3rd, the temperature of second medium is relatively low, thus carry out 102 exhaust steam of first turbine condensation effect theory on will also be Highly significant, identical condensation number can reduce 104 heat exchange area of one-level condenser and volume in theory, save valuable leading Hot material, and then the manufacturing cost of one-level condenser 104 can be reduced in theory.Simultaneously in carbon dioxide liquid working medium etc. second In medium, the harmful substance such as the scale precipitate not having in former recirculating cooling water system and soda acid can not only extend one-level and coagulate The service life of vapour device 104, while the annual cleaning of one-level condenser 104 and maintenance workload greatly can also be reduced.
In the alternative of the present embodiment, the environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system includes cryogenic fluid compressor 301 and heat exchange Device 302, also including three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor (not shown).
Cryogenic fluid compressor 301, heat exchanger 302, three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor, two grades of 204 head and the tail of condenser It is sequentially communicated and forms closed circuit；That is cryogenic fluid compressor 301, heat exchanger 302, three level steam turbines 303 and two grades of condensings 204 head and the tail of device are sequentially communicated and are formed closed circuit, or, cryogenic fluid compressor 301, heat exchanger 302, decompressor and two grades 204 head and the tail of condenser are sequentially communicated and form closed circuit.It is understood that cryogenic fluid compressor 301, heat exchanger 302, Three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor, two grades of condensers 204 constitute a complete refrigeration system.
Cryogenic fluid compressor 301 is used to compress the 3rd medium, and the 3rd medium is cooled down by heat exchanger 302, conveys To three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor, rotated with ordering about three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor.Preferably, three level steam turbine 303 or decompressor drive connection three-level electromotor 304, three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor are rotated into mechanical energy conversion For the electric energy of three-level electromotor 304, improve generating efficiency.Additionally, three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor can be with drive connections Other rotation apparatuses.
Preferably, in the environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system, the 3rd medium of circulation is that gas-liquid becomes phase medium, namely the 3rd medium The conversion of gas phase and liquid phase is carried out in the environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system.To make the cooling of the second medium of two grades of condensers 204 It is better, it is preferable that cryogenic fluid compressor 301 compresses the 3rd medium and the 3rd medium Jing after heat exchanger 302 is cooled down is complete Portion or part are in a liquid state, the 3rd medium pressure is discharged after flowing through three-level steam turbine 303 or decompressor acting and in whole or Person part gaseous state.
Compress to preferably store Jing cryogenic fluids compressor 301, and Jing heat exchangers 302 cooling it is all or part of The 3rd medium being in a liquid state, between three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor and heat exchanger 302 is connected with three-level cryogenic fluid and deposits Reservoir 305.
Wherein, the 3rd medium can for example be carbon dioxide, ammonia, helium, hydrogen, oxygen, argon, nitrogen or freon；Certainly, the 3rd Medium can also be other cryogenic medias.Preferably, the 3rd medium is carbon dioxide.
Two grades of condensers 204 cool down two grades by coming from the 3rd medium of three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor output The second medium of the output of steam turbine 203, and the 3rd medium is delivered to into cryogenic fluid compressor 301, realize circulation.
Heat exchanger 302 can pass through the heat cooling that cryogenic fluid compressor 301 is compressed chiller the generation of the 3rd medium, Alternatively, heat exchanger 302 is connected to two grades of condensation pumps 205 and cryogenic fluid and processes between memorizer 201, for by the 3rd medium Heat energy pass to second medium；I.e. cryogenic fluid compressor 301 compresses the heat of the 3rd medium generation by two grades of condensation pumps Second medium cooling between 205 and cryogenic fluid process memorizer 201, the one side simplification environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system Structure, on the other hand reduces the loss of heat energy.
In theory due to the pressurization of two grades of condensation pumps 205, the second medium for obtaining thermal energy by heat exchanger 302 is not Meeting reverse back is fed to two grades of condensers 204.It is merely able to the unidirectional cryogenic fluid that flows to and processes memorizer 201；Second medium is passed through again Two-stage supercharging pump 202 is conveyed to one-level condenser 104 and is reheated, the high pressure second medium Steam Actuation two for producing in theory Level steam turbine 203 rotates at a high speed, so constantly circulates.
Alternatively, 301 drive connection of cryogenic fluid compressor, three level steam turbine 303 or decompressor, by by low temperature work Matter compressor 301 and three level steam turbines 303, or cryogenic fluid compressor 301 is coaxially disposed with decompressor, so that three-level steamer The mechanical energy that machine 303 or decompressor are produced, direct drive cryogenic fluid compressor 301 drive cryogenic fluid compression to save The electromotor of machine 301, saves the electric energy that cryogenic fluid compressor 301 is consumed.Cryogenic fluid compressor 301 is to consume electric energy, Three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor are output mechanical energies.The effect of three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor, is to discharge The pressure energy that cryogenic fluid compressor 301 is produced, equivalent to a pressure recycle system of cryogenic fluid compressor 301；So that Allow pressure energy to become the mechanical energy of three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor output in certain circumstances, reach a kind of energy-saving effect And purpose, while obtaining the partial vacuum low pressure that three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor are produced, advantageously reduce three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor output the 3rd medium temperature, be conducive to two grades of condensers 204 to cool down and realize deep cooling.
In the alternative of the present embodiment, the environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system also includes level Four booster pump 401 and level Four vapour Turbine 402.
Level Four booster pump 401 is to be cooled for making the second medium that cryogenic fluid processes 201 memory storage of memorizer be delivered to Device, so that the heat energy of device to be cooled is passed to second medium by device to be cooled cooling.
Alternatively, device to be cooled includes one or more in boiler 101, first turbine 102 and boiler flue. Specifically, cryogenic fluid processes the second medium of 201 memory storage of memorizer for cooling down furnace wall, the one-level steamer of boiler 101 One or more in the emission of the outer wall and boiler flue of machine 102.
Cryogenic fluid processes memorizer 201, level Four booster pump 401, device to be cooled, four level steam turbines, 402, two grades of condensings Device 204 and two grades of 205 head and the tail of condensation pump are sequentially communicated and form closed circuit.
The second medium for flowing through device to be cooled is delivered to four level steam turbines 402, is rotated with ordering about four level steam turbines 402. In certain circumstances, second medium absorbs the heat energy of device to be cooled and can form the second medium of high pressure, so as to order about four Level steam turbine 402 does work.Preferably, four level steam turbines, 402 drive connection level Four electromotor 403, will treat to a certain extent The heat energy of chiller is converted into the electric energy of level Four electromotor 403, improve generating efficiency.Additionally, four level steam turbines 402 can be with Drive connection other rotation apparatuses.
Two grades of condensers 204 are used to cool down the second medium of the output of second turbine 203, and second medium is passed through two grades Condense pump 205 to be delivered in cryogenic fluid process memorizer 201.Preferably, second medium is after two grades of condensers 204 are cooled down Process in memorizer 201 to cryogenic fluid in all or part of liquid reflux, realize circulation.Those skilled in the art can manage Solution, after two grades of cooling second mediums of condenser 204, the air vent in four level steam turbines 402 is caused very to a certain extent Sky, so as to heat energy contained by second medium is as much as possible be done work by four level steam turbines 402.
In relative to prior art, flue gas in boiler flue is directly discharged in air using chimney, using water-cooled or Person is air-cooled to wait cooling boiler 101 or first turbine 102, wastes a large amount of heat energy and boiler of flue gas in boiler flue 101 or 102 wall of first turbine on a large amount of heat energy；This environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system processes memorizer by cryogenic fluid The band chillers such as second medium cooling boiler 101, first turbine 102 and boiler flue in 201, so that second medium is inhaled Heat is simultaneously ordered about four level steam turbines 402 and is rotated, and effectively converts the heat energy in boiler 101, first turbine 102 or boiler flue For four level steam turbines, 402 rotating mechanical energy, the heat in the boiler 101 for effectively utilizing, first turbine 102 or boiler flue Energy.
In the alternative of the present embodiment, boiler flue is provided with the first chimney heat exchanger 502；First chimney heat exchanger 502 are used to connect boiler 101.
First chimney heat exchanger 502 is connected between level Four booster pump 401 and four level steam turbines 402, for by boiler smoke In road, the heat energy of flue gas passes to second medium.By the first chimney heat exchanger 502 with by boiler flue flue gas heat energy pass Second medium is passed, under to a certain degree, second medium can form the second medium of high pressure after absorbing heat energy, so as to order about four Level steam turbine 402 does work, and then can effectively utilize the heat energy of flue gas in boiler flue.
In the alternative of the present embodiment, boiler flue is provided with the second chimney heat exchanger 505；Boiler 101, the first flue Heat exchanger 502 and the second chimney heat exchanger 505 are sequentially communicated.
Second chimney heat exchanger 505 is connected between level Four booster pump 401 and four level steam turbines 402, for by boiler smoke In road, the heat energy of flue gas passes to second medium.In order to make it easy to understand, the first chimney heat exchanger 502 and the second cigarette can be construed to Road heat exchanger 505 is connected in parallel between level Four booster pump 401 and four level steam turbines 402.By the second chimney heat exchanger 505 with The heat energy of flue gas in boiler flue is passed to into second medium, under to a certain degree, second medium can be formed after absorbing heat energy The second medium of high pressure, does work so as to order about four level steam turbines 402, and then can effectively further using cigarette in boiler flue The heat energy of gas.By the first chimney heat exchanger 502 and the second chimney heat exchanger 505, twice by the flue gas cool-down in boiler flue, Can effectively further using the heat energy of flue gas in boiler flue.
Further, boiler flue is provided with flue fan-compressor 504 and flue condenser 507；First flue heat exchange Device 502, flue fan-compressor 504, the second chimney heat exchanger 505 and flue condenser 507 are sequentially communicated.
Flue fan-compressor 504 comes from the flue gas of the first chimney heat exchanger 502 for compression, and is conveyed to the second cigarette Road heat exchanger 505.
Flue condenser 507 comes from the flue gas of the second chimney heat exchanger 505 for cooling.By flue fan-compressor Flue gas in flue gas in 504 compression boiler flues, and the cooling boiler flue of flue condenser 507, in certain circumstances can be by In boiler flue, flue gas compressor is condensed into liquid, reduces pollution of the flue gas to environment in boiler flue.
In prior art, connect boiler flue chimney Main Function be put a chimney on the stove and make the fire draw cigarette, drain flue gas, improve burning bar Part, is one of most ancient, most important environmental control system, and building matching used with boiler 101 sets in thermal power plant Apply, its Main Function is that the flue dust in a large amount of flue gases that boiler 101 is discharged guides high-altitude, increase diffusion half into harmful gas Footpath, it is to avoid local pollution is overweight.Thus power plant predominant gas emission is from chimney, that is, product after fired coal combustion.From Theoretically, 101 exhaust gas temperature of power plant boiler is more low better.But, as the fuel of coal-burning boiler 101 can be produced in burning Raw sulfur dioxide, because its dew point is 150 ° Celsius, less than this temperature, forms " sulphuric acid water " corrosion in 101 afterbody of boiler Metal, so the design exhaust gas temperature of coal-burning boiler 101 is all to be not less than 150 DEG C, not higher than 160 DEG C.Unite according further to expert Meter:Often 1 degree of saving is electric, just corresponding to reduce 0.997 kilogram of carbon dioxide of disposal of pollutants；0.03 kilogram of sulfur dioxide, 0.015 kilogram Nitrogen oxides.The flue gas of boiler flue is removed outside vapor and flue dust, and predominant gas emission has carbon dioxide, titanium dioxide The carbon monoxide that sulfur, nitrogen oxides, imperfect combustion are produced, coal are micro derivative by the Hydrocarbon Organic and others of heat evolution Thing.In chimney of electric plant gaseous effluent, carbon dioxide content accounts for more than 95%, by contrast, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, The content very little of pellet PM10, PM2.5, but these substances on human health's harm are but extremely big.Boiler flue By chimney uninterrupted emission year in year out, its gaseous effluent total amount is very huge, so the dioxy contained in air Change sulfur, nitrogen oxides, pellet PM10, PM2.5 total amount it is also very big, it is also extremely big to human health risk.Institute Environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system is stated using compression condensation technology, by carbon dioxide in boiler flue, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, can Suction particulate matter PM10, PM2.5 carry out condensation liquefaction classification process, it is possible to achieve power plant generate electricity year in year out " zero-emission, zero Pollution ".
In the alternative of the present embodiment, the environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system includes cryogenic fluid compressor 301 and heat exchange Device 302, also including three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor.
Cryogenic fluid compressor 301, heat exchanger 302, three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor, 507 head and the tail of flue condenser It is sequentially communicated and forms closed circuit；That is cryogenic fluid compressor 301, heat exchanger 302, three level steam turbines 303 and flue condensation 507 head and the tail of device are sequentially communicated and are formed closed circuit, or, cryogenic fluid compressor 301, heat exchanger 302, decompressor and flue 507 head and the tail of condenser are sequentially communicated and form closed circuit.
Cryogenic fluid compressor 301 is used to compress the 3rd medium, and the 3rd medium is cooled down by heat exchanger 302, conveys To three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor, rotated with ordering about three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor；Preferably, three level steam turbine 303 or decompressor drive connection three-level electromotor 304, three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor are rotated into mechanical energy conversion For the electric energy of three-level electromotor 304, improve generating efficiency.Additionally, three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor can be with drive connections Other rotation apparatuses.
Preferably, in the environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system, the 3rd medium of circulation is that gas-liquid becomes phase medium, namely the 3rd medium The conversion of gas phase and liquid phase is carried out in the environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system.To make the cooling effect of the flue gas of flue condenser 507 More preferably, it is preferable that cryogenic fluid compressor 301 compress the 3rd medium the 3rd medium Jing after heat exchanger 302 is cooled down all or Person part is in a liquid state, and the 3rd medium discharges pressure after flowing through three-level steam turbine 303 or decompressor acting and is in whole or portion Divide gaseous state.
Flue condenser 507 cools down boiler by coming from the 3rd medium of three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor output Flue gas in flue, and the 3rd medium is delivered to into cryogenic fluid compressor 301, realize circulation.Flue condenser 507 and two grades are solidifying Vapour device 204 can share cryogenic fluid compressor 301, heat exchanger 302, three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor, it is also possible to not altogether With cryogenic fluid compressor, heat exchanger, three level steam turbines or decompressor；In order to simplify structure, flue condenser 507 and two grades Condenser 204 shares cryogenic fluid compressor 301, heat exchanger 302, three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor, in other words, can Be understood by flue condenser 507 and two grades of condensers 204 be connected in parallel cryogenic fluid compressor 301, heat exchanger 302, In three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor pipeline.I.e.：Three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor and cryogenic fluid compressor 301 it Between be connected with two grades of condensers 204；Two grades of condensers 204 are by coming from the of three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor output The second medium of the three media cooling output of second turbine 203, and the 3rd medium is delivered to into cryogenic fluid compressor 301.
In the alternative of the present embodiment, boiler flue is provided with compressor front end separator 503, compressor rear end Separator 506 and flue memorizer 509.
First chimney heat exchanger 502, compressor front end separator 503, flue fan-compressor 504, the second flue Heat exchanger 505, compressor rear end separator 506, flue condenser 507 and flue memorizer 509 are sequentially communicated.
Compressor front end separator 503 is used to separate, store flue gas in boiler flue.Can for example condense and separate The harmful substance such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.
Compressor rear end separator 506 is used to separate, store flue gas in boiler flue.Can for example condense and separate The harmful substances such as sulfur dioxide.
Flue memorizer 509 is used to store flue gas in boiler flue.Preferably, the flue gas of boiler flue sequentially passes through compression The separation of machine front end separator 503, the compression of flue fan-compressor 504, compressor rear end separator 506 point From and the condensation of flue condenser 507, the carbon dioxide for forming the higher all or part of liquid of purity are stored in flue In memorizer 509.
In the alternative of the present embodiment, boiler flue is provided with memorizer front end separator 508；Memorizer front end Separator 508 is connected between flue condenser 507 and flue memorizer 509, for separating, storing cigarette in boiler flue Gas.By memorizer front end separator 508, further to separate, filter flue gas in boiler flue, so that flue memorizer 509 memory storages as carbon dioxide purity it is higher.
In order to improve the service life of the first chimney heat exchanger 502, flue fan-compressor 504, boiler flue is provided with Initial filter equipment 501；Initial filter equipment 501 is connected between boiler 101 and the first chimney heat exchanger 502, for filtering boiler flue One or more in sulfur, nitre and dust in interior flue gas.Initial filter equipment 501 for example can be set for existing desulphurization denitration It is standby.
Environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system described in the present embodiment can ban the chimney of power plant hundreds of meters in theory completely, adopt With flue fan-compressor 504, substitute chimney and put a chimney on the stove and make the fire draw cigarette, the function of draining flue gas, improve burning condition.Due to power plant's cigarette In chimney, more than 95% is all carbon dioxide, as long as the carbon dioxide compression condensation in chimney of electric plant is become titanium dioxide by us Carbon liquid body.Remaining sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, pellet PM10, PM2.5 are condensed again and classification is processed just very Easily.The boiling point of sulfur dioxide is -10 DEG C, and the boiling point of carbon dioxide is -56.55 DEG C, that is to say, that sulfur dioxide in chimney Gas, already separates in what heat exchange condensation process before us.Including nitrogen oxides, pellet PM10, PM2.5 are also condensed in former class liquid CO 2 condensation processes, and last flue condenser 507, and Memorizer front end separator 508 etc. equipment is separated, and these impurity are brought together targetedly to be located Reason just will be easily a lot.Especially those pellets PM10, PM2.5, the quality of impurity are very little, but harm but pole Its big.Further, since only -10 DEG C of the condensation temperature of sulfur dioxide, so during flue gas is condensed, titanium dioxide Sulfur has been condensed in theory and has collected, and can not only save the equipment investment of power plant desulfurization denitration device, can also be by dioxy Change sulfur is collected realizes refuse reclamation and sale.
Desulfurization after existing boiler flue denitration is typically all to adopt chemical method, and each link will have corresponding equipment Input, not only equipment cost is high, while also need to constantly add chemical raw material in equipment running process, even if paying this The big cost of sample, and it also requires the cloud-kissing chimney of investment construction, also carbon dioxide and pellet PM10, PM2.5 is discharged, it is impossible to enough effected a radical cure.Environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system described in the present embodiment is using traditional desulphurization denitration technology Desulphurization denitration is carried out with physics condensation etc. method, eradicate carbon dioxide and pellet PM10, PM2.5 discharge, so as to Real " zero-emission, no pollution " can be realized.
It should be noted that the composition of coal includes organic matter and inanimate matter.Constitute coal organic matter element mainly have carbon, Hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur etc., additionally, the element such as also minimal amount of phosphorus, fluorine, chlorine and arsenic.Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen are the main bodys of coal organic matter Account for more than 95%.Mineral is the major impurity of coal, such as sulfide, sulfate, carbonate etc., and wherein most belongs to harmful Composition.With coal as main energy sources, the 70% of national smoke discharge amount, the 90% of SO2 emissions both are from combustion for China Coal so that the city of industry and population concentration is generated than more serious atmospheric pollution, or even produce acid rain.These natural calamities Evil, has become an obstacle of sustainable development, is reducing our survival and development space.
Sulfur dioxide (SO2), colourless gas, there is intense irritation smell, be one of Air Pollutant Discharge.Sulfur dioxide For sour gas, boiling point：-10℃；It is soluble in water, sulfurous acid (main component of acid rain) can be formed.If in catalyst (such as dioxy Change nitrogen) in the presence of, SO2Further aoxidize, sulphuric acid (H will be generated2SO4).Pellet particle diameter is little, can enriched Toxic heavy metal, harmful organic substance and acid compound, the health hazard to the mankind are very big, and particularly particle diameter is less than 2.5 μm Fine fraction is become apparent to the impact that human body and environment are produced.PM10 is that aerodynamic diameter is less than or equal to 10 microns Particulate matter, PM2.5 is exactly one kind therein.PM10 long-term accumulateds can cause respiratory system disease, such as tachypnea, cough, induction Asthma, chronic bronchitiss, chronic pneumonia etc..As floating dust particle diameter is little, respiratory tract can be directly sucked in by people and be worked the mischief；Thin The possible cardiac trigger disease of grain thing, pneumonopathy, respiratory tract disease, reduce pulmonary function etc..Therefore, for old man, child and cardiopulmonary are had suffered from The sensitive group risk such as patient is larger.Again as it can be floated in an atmosphere for a long time, easily by pollutant take to it is far where, lead Pollution range is caused to expand, while also reaction bed can be provided for chemical reaction in an atmosphere.
Conventionally thermal power plant is all to select high dirt arrangement+electricity (the pocket type or electric bag) dedusting+wet method of the outer SCR denitration of stove Desulfurization, denitration are generally disposed between economizer and air preheater, and dedusting is arranged between air preheater and air-introduced machine, desulfurization arrangement Between air-introduced machine and chimney.But exceptional case is not excluded for, the outer SCR of SNCR denitration technology, stove takes off in such as dry desulfurization, stove Low dirt arrangement of nitre etc., denitration and desulfurization equipment are possible to position that can be contrary with the conventional upstream or downstream for being arranged in cleaner unit Put.Also be exactly now in order to control PM2.5, wet dust removal gradually can popularization and application, be sequentially possible to and different.It is but above-mentioned These situations belong to special circumstances, using most still conventional order of placement.
Desulfurization is exactly to slough the SO in flue gas2(sulfur dioxide), denitration mainly slough the NOx (nitrogen oxidations in flue gas Thing), both materials can form acid rain into air, and harm of the acid rain to the mankind is very big, so country is carrying always now Environmental protection is advocated, the flue gas with coal as fuel all contains these materials, particularly thermal power plant, building now thermal power plant will be while builds Desulfurization, country does not also start to force now for denitration.Power plant be usually denitration front because denitration needs higher reaction temperature Degree.It is will to carry out within the temperature range of 900 DEG C -1100 DEG C using SNCR technology denitrations, typically in upper boiler flue region As reacting environment；Using SCR denitration be after economizer, before air preheater, the temperature in this region 300 DEG C -400 DEG C it Between.And general desulfurization is, after cleaner unit, to be arranged so as to improve the purity of desulfuration byproduct, increase desulfurated plaster Added value.
For the ease of understanding the present embodiment, some physical parameters and reference data is provided below：
1st, carbon dioxide physical property：- 56.55 DEG C of boiling point, 31 DEG C of critical temperature, critical pressure 7.39MPa, the latent heat of vaporization 347kj/kg；
2nd, the physical property of ammonia：- 33.5 DEG C of boiling point, critical pressure 11.2MPa, 132.3 DEG C of critical temperature, heat of vaporization 1336.97kj/kg；
3rd, the physical property of sulfur dioxide：- 72.4 DEG C of fusing point, -10 DEG C of boiling point；
4th, nitric acid：Physical property, -42 DEG C of fusing point, 83 DEG C of boiling point；
5th, the physical property of adjacent nitre：32.5 DEG C of fusing point, boiling point：246℃.
Alternatively, the environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system described in the present embodiment, the High Temperature High Pressure that first can be produced boiler 101 are steamed Vapour, drives electrical power generators, tidal time difference output electric energy, the generating efficiency of one-level generating set by first turbine 102 About 35%-38% or so, is kept substantially with the power generation situation of existing electric station, power plant identical in theory.With existing electric station, The cooling system of circulation one-level condenser 104 unlike power plant, one-level condenser 104 no longer adopt recirculated cooling water, for example Process the second mediums such as the liquid CO 2 of 201 memory storage of memorizer to be condensed using cryogenic fluid.Work as first turbine When 102 exhaust steam discharged carry out heat exchange with the second medium such as the liquid CO 2 of low temperature in one-level condenser 104, exhaust steam Rapidly can be condensed under specific circumstances, while the evaporation latent heat energy contained in discharging exhaust steam.Liquid CO 2 The evaporation latent heat energy contained in exhaust steam is absorbed by one-level condenser 104 Deng second medium, in theory volumetric expansion and pressure Increase sharply.According to data display, carbon dioxide Temperature of Working is 5 DEG C, and pressure reaches 3.969Mpa；10 DEG C of temperature, pressure 4.501Mpa；15 DEG C of temperature, pressure 5.085Mpa；20 DEG C of temperature, pressure 5.727Mpa；25 DEG C of temperature, pressure 6.432Mpa, this The huge pressure of sample, is fully able under given conditions in theory promote second turbine 203 to rotate at a high speed, converts heat into Rotating mechanical energy.If 203 drive connection secondary generator 206 of second turbine is generated electricity, this electricity generation system is using in low temperature The second medium of liquid removes the evaporation latent heat energy of the exhaust steam for absorbing the output of first turbine 102 in one-level generating link and real Now generate electricity output, and the efficiency for producing in theory can reach about 35% or so, and this is that the second level adopts in cryogenic liquid second Medium does the power generation cycle of generating working medium.As the evaporation latent heat energy contained in exhaust steam is very huge, account in theory total The half of energy, so the energy that this one-level generates electricity is exported and contribution rate is also very huge.
Alternatively, the environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system described in the present embodiment, can be by boiler 101, boiler flue, one-level steamer The cooling system of machine 102, replacing become the second medium in cryogenic liquid and make cooling system.Will be in low with level Four booster pump 401 The second medium of geothermal liquid processes memorizer 201 from cryogenic fluid and is transported to boiler 101, boiler flue and first turbine 102 Cooling system in.Cooled down using the second medium in cryogenic liquid, effect is also significantly than water cooling effect in theory More preferably, while being in a large amount of of the second medium absorption boiler 101, boiler flue and first turbine 102 of cryogenic liquid in theory After thermal energy, the second medium steam such as high-pressure carbon dioxide can be turned in certain circumstances, it is by pipe influx to together, defeated Give four level steam turbine 402 to make to rotate at a high speed, convert heat into rotating mechanical energy.If four level steam turbines, 402 drive connection four Level electromotor 403 is generated electricity, and is not only able in theory in certain circumstances effectively reduce by 101 skin temperature of boiler, boiler smoke The temperature of 102 shell of road delivery temperature and first turbine, while boiler 101, boiler flue and one-level steamer can also be reduced The thermal energy loss of 102 shell of machine；And also the energy that these be able to should be lost, all collect by four Level steam turbine 402 is generated electricity again and is exported, and virtually can contribute 15%-25%'s for electricity generation system again in theory Generating efficiency, so calculates, and a whole set of electricity generation system can reach 90% or so even more high in theory in certain circumstances Generating efficiency.Environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system described in the present embodiment, whole system there is no energy loss in theory Place, no cooling tower and Air-Cooling Island, even 101 body of heater of boiler, the casing of the equipment such as boiler flue and first turbine 102, Also Energy Recovery Technology is all employed, so the efficiency of this electricity generation system is theoretically, almost 100% generating can be reached Efficiency, in theory energy-saving effect should say clearly, it is more important in the present energy starved age.While this electricity generation system Large ship turbine system and the other application driven based on steam turbine can also be widely used in.
The electric station such as existing heat power station, nuclear power station and biomass power generation plant spread all over the country and all over the world, invest All very huge, heat power station construction investment needs several hundred million or even tens RMB, and building a nuclear power station can Can need to invest more than 10,000,000,000 RMB.And the electric station such as existing heat power station, nuclear power station and biomass power generation plant, adopt 102 exhaust steam of first turbine is condensed with cooling systems such as air-cooled, water-cooleds, off-energy about 40%, adds in theory Boiler 101 and boiler flue loss 10%-20%, first turbine 102 and other equipment loss about 10% or so, so existing Thermal power generation system generating efficiency there was only 35%-40% or so in theory, many biomass power generations in theory only more than 20% Efficiency.After the technological transformation of the environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system described in the present embodiment, originally one power plant just has very much May produce the generating efficiency and economic benefit in two power plants, but it is coal-fired and consume nuclear fuel, but also simply original one Individual power plant.If the whole nation and all power plants in the whole world all carry out such technological transformation, will save super a large amount of every year Coal and resource, while the discharge of substantial amounts of carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide etc. toxic and harmful will be reduced also, while also Substantial amounts of water resource can be saved, and two power plants are built than straight investment and will more be had economic benefit and social benefit. Carbon dioxide, the sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions of pollution environment are reduced, while reduce energy production world station discharging to the heat energy of atmospheric environment. Reduce power plant hot driving year in year out and can just mitigate atmosphere greenhouse effect, or even annual big flood can be reduced and send out It is raw, really can be described as the good thing achieved many things at one stroke, it is also desirable to the technology energy of the environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system described in the present embodiment It is enough real to contribute share for human development and promoting the well-being of mankind.
The present embodiment additionally provides a kind of environmental protection and energy saving electrification technique as well as, it is adaptable to described environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system, bag Include following steps：
The second medium that be in a liquid state of the temperature less than -35 DEG C is processed in memorizer from cryogenic fluid and is delivered to one-level condensing Device；
In one-level condenser, temperature be 20 DEG C -35 DEG C of first turbine exhaust steam and second medium heat exchange after temperature Degree drop to 10 DEG C -20 DEG C, while second medium heat absorption vaporization after temperature rise to 5 DEG C -15 DEG C, pressure rise to more than 3.5MPa simultaneously It is delivered to second turbine；；Namely second medium increasing temperature and pressure in the one-level condenser.
Second medium order about second turbine rotate acting after, temperature be down to less than about -35 DEG C, pressure be down to about 0.5MPa Below and it is delivered to two grades of condensers；；Namely second medium decrease temperature and pressure after second turbine.
Second medium cooled temperature in two grades of condensers is down to less than about -50 DEG C, and is delivered to cryogenic fluid process In memorizer, circulation is formed.
Alternatively, cryogenic fluid compressor 301 compresses the 3rd medium, the 3rd medium whole Jing after heat exchanger 302 is cooled down Or part is in a liquid state and temperature is down to less than about -20 DEG C, pressure is about 1MPa, and is delivered to three-level cryogenic fluid memorizer In 305；
Temperature is below about -20 DEG C of the 3rd media being in a liquid state in whole or in part from three-level cryogenic fluid memorizer 305 It is delivered to three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor；
3rd medium is ordered about after three level steam turbines 303 or decompressor rotate acting, temperature drop to less than about -50 DEG C, Pressure is down to below 0.1MPa and is delivered to two grades of condensers；
In two grades of condensers, temperature is the second medium of the output of less than -50 DEG C of second turbine and the 3rd medium After heat exchange, temperature drop is to less than -50 DEG C, while about 5 DEG C of all or part of vapourizing temperature rising after the heat absorption of the 3rd medium - 10 DEG C, pressure rise to about 0.2MPa and be delivered to cryogenic fluid compressor 301, formed circulation.
Embodiment two
Embodiment two provides a kind of electric station, and the embodiment includes the environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system described in embodiment one, The technical characteristic of the environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system disclosed in embodiment one is also applied for the embodiment, one published ring of embodiment The technical characteristic for protecting energy-saving power generation system is not repeated description.
Referring to shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 4, the electric station that the present embodiment is provided, including described environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system.It is described Electric station can for example include multiple environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation systems.
Electric station described in the present embodiment has the advantages that environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system described in embodiment one, one institute of embodiment The advantage here of the disclosed environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system is not repeated description.
Finally it should be noted that：Various embodiments above only to illustrate technical scheme, rather than a limitation；To the greatest extent Pipe has been described in detail to the present invention with reference to foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those within the art that：Its according to So the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can be modified, or which part or all technical characteristic are entered Row equivalent；And these modifications or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from various embodiments of the present invention technology The scope of scheme.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system, it is characterised in that including the cryogenic fluid that head and the tail are sequentially communicated process memorizer, two Level booster pump, one-level condenser, second turbine, two grades of condensers and two grades of condensation pumps；
The second medium of the cryogenic fluid process memorizer memory storage is delivered to the one-level by the two-stage supercharging pump and coagulates Vapour device, flows through the exhaust steam of the first turbine of the one-level condenser, and is delivered to the second turbine for cooling, to drive Rotate the second turbine；
Two grades of condensers are used for the second medium for cooling down the second turbine output, and the second medium is led to Cross two grades of condensation pumps to be delivered in the cryogenic fluid process memorizer.
2. environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that including cryogenic fluid compressor and heat exchange Device, also including three level steam turbines or decompressor；
The cryogenic fluid compressor, the heat exchanger, three level steam turbine or the decompressor, two grades of condensers Head and the tail are sequentially communicated and form closed circuit；
The cryogenic fluid compressor is used to compress the 3rd medium, and the 3rd medium is cooled down by the heat exchanger, defeated Three level steam turbine or the decompressor are delivered to, is rotated with ordering about three level steam turbine or the decompressor；
Two grades of condensers are cold by the 3rd medium for coming from three level steam turbine or decompressor output The second medium that the second turbine is exported, and the 3rd medium is delivered to into the cryogenic fluid compressor.
3. environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the heat exchanger is connected to described two grades Condense pump and the cryogenic fluid is processed between memorizer, be situated between for the heat energy of the 3rd medium is passed to described second Matter；
Three-level cryogenic fluid memorizer is connected between three level steam turbine or the decompressor and the heat exchanger；
The cryogenic fluid driven compressor connects three level steam turbine or the decompressor.
4. environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including level Four booster pump and level Four vapour Turbine；
The level Four booster pump treats cold for making the second medium that the cryogenic fluid processes memorizer memory storage be delivered to But device, so that the device cooling to be cooled；During the device to be cooled includes boiler, first turbine and boiler flue One or more；
The cryogenic fluid processes memorizer, the level Four booster pump, the device to be cooled, four level steam turbine, described Two grades of condensers and two grades of condensation pumps head and the tail are sequentially communicated and form closed circuit；
The second medium for flowing through the device to be cooled is delivered to four level steam turbine, to order about four level steam turbine Rotate.
5. environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the boiler flue is provided with the first cigarette Road heat exchanger；First chimney heat exchanger is used to connect boiler；
First chimney heat exchanger is connected between the level Four booster pump and four level steam turbine, for by the boiler In flue, the heat energy of flue gas passes to the second medium；
The boiler flue is provided with the second chimney heat exchanger；The boiler, first chimney heat exchanger and second cigarette Road heat exchanger is sequentially communicated；
Second chimney heat exchanger is connected between the level Four booster pump and four level steam turbine, for by the boiler In flue, the heat energy of flue gas passes to the second medium.
6. environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the boiler flue is provided with flue wind Machine compressor and flue condenser；First chimney heat exchanger, the flue fan-compressor, second chimney heat exchanger It is sequentially communicated with the flue condenser；
The flue fan-compressor comes from the flue gas of first chimney heat exchanger for compression, and is conveyed to described second Chimney heat exchanger；
The flue condenser comes from the flue gas of second chimney heat exchanger for cooling.
7. environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that including cryogenic fluid compressor and heat exchange Device, also including three level steam turbines or decompressor；
The cryogenic fluid compressor, the heat exchanger, three level steam turbine or the decompressor, the flue condenser Head and the tail are sequentially communicated and form closed circuit；
The cryogenic fluid compressor is used to compress the 3rd medium, and the 3rd medium is cooled down by the heat exchanger, defeated Three level steam turbine or the decompressor are delivered to, is rotated with ordering about three level steam turbine or the decompressor；
The flue condenser is cold by the 3rd medium for coming from three level steam turbine or decompressor output Flue gas in the boiler flue, and the 3rd medium is delivered to into the cryogenic fluid compressor；
Two grades of condensers are connected between three level steam turbine or the decompressor and the cryogenic fluid compressor；
Two grades of condensers are cold by the 3rd medium for coming from three level steam turbine or decompressor output The second medium that the second turbine is exported, and the 3rd medium is delivered to into the cryogenic fluid compressor.
8. environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the second turbine drive connection two Level electromotor；
Three level steam turbine or the decompressor drive connection three-level electromotor；
The second medium is carbon dioxide, ammonia, helium, hydrogen, oxygen, argon, nitrogen or freon；
3rd medium is carbon dioxide, ammonia, helium, hydrogen, oxygen, argon, nitrogen or freon.
9. a kind of environmental protection and energy saving electrification technique as well as, it is adaptable to the environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system described in any one of claim 1-8, which is special Levy and be, comprise the steps：
The second medium that be in a liquid state of the temperature less than -35 DEG C is processed in memorizer from cryogenic fluid and is delivered to one-level condenser；
In one-level condenser, temperature be 20 DEG C -35 DEG C of first turbine exhaust steam and second medium heat exchange after at temperature 10 DEG C -20 DEG C are dropped to, while temperature rises to 5 DEG C -15 DEG C, pressure rises to more than 3.5MPa and convey after second medium heat absorption vaporization To second turbine；
Second medium is ordered about after second turbine rotates acting, temperature be down to less than -35 DEG C, pressure be down to below 0.5MPa defeated Deliver to two grades of condensers；
Second medium cooled temperature in two grades of condensers is down to less than -50 DEG C, and is delivered to cryogenic fluid process memorizer It is interior, form circulation.
10. a kind of electric station, it is characterised in that including the environmental protection and energy saving electricity generation system described in any one of claim 1-8.
CN201611252204.XA 2016-12-30 2016-12-30 Environment-friendly and energy-saving power generation system and process and power generating station Pending CN106523055A (en)

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