CN106521642A - Method for increasing silk degumming rate - Google Patents
Method for increasing silk degumming rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN106521642A CN106521642A CN201611072810.3A CN201611072810A CN106521642A CN 106521642 A CN106521642 A CN 106521642A CN 201611072810 A CN201611072810 A CN 201611072810A CN 106521642 A CN106521642 A CN 106521642A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
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- D01C3/00—Treatment of animal material, e.g. chemical scouring of wool
- D01C3/02—De-gumming silk
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for increasing the silk degumming rate and belongs to the technical field of degumming. The method for increasing the silk degumming rate comprises steps as follows: S1: to-be-treated silk is immersed into a silk degumming agent, heated under the airtight condition, stirred under the ultrasonic wave action and filtered, and silk is obtained; S2: the silk obtained through filtration in S1 is added to an ethanol-tartaric acid mixed solution and cooled to the room temperature after being heated and stirred; S3: the silk treated in S2 is added to a potassium carbonate solution and cooled to the room temperature after being heated and stirred; S4: the silk treated in S3 is washed clean with deionized water, and gum protein is removed; S5: the silk obtained in S4 is dried, and degummed silk is obtained. The silk treated with the silk degumming method has lower silk breakage strength loss and breaking elongation loss, silk gum in the silk before degumming is basically removed, and the whiteness, the glossiness and the dyeing property of the silk are effectively improved.
Description
【Technical field】
The invention belongs to degumming technical field, and in particular to a kind of method of raising natural silk degumming rate.
【Background technology】
Silkworm silk is silk liquid in silkworm body concretionary fiber, referred to as silk Jing after spinning spues.It is by two cross sections
In nearly triangle or half elliptic fibroin (also known as fibroin) outsourcing sericin composition, also pigment, oily wax and inorganic matters, they deposit
In being sericin.Wherein sericin has certain protective effect to fibroin, but if content is excessive, influence whether fibroin gloss and
The technique processing of feel and silk fiber, and the impurity such as oils and fatss, waxiness can bring certain difficulty to rear processing.Therefore, in dye
Before whole processing, it is necessary to first remove the debris such as most of sericin, oils and fatss, waxiness, make silk fiber soft, loose, clean.
Fibroin and sericin are all protein, and ultimate constituent is aminoacid, but their amino acid classes and are contained
Amount, molecules align, supramolecular structure and present position all have very big difference.Sericin belongs to globular protein, therein
Polar Amides acid content is more more than fibroin albumen, and molecules align is disorderly, and degree of crystallinity is low.And fibroin protein is linear,
Simple structure and closely, the degree of orientation and degree of crystallinity are higher.Due to the difference on the Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes of fibroin and sericin, result in
They are some different in nature in dissolubility, water-disintegrable and chemical stability etc..Such as in water, fibroin is not dissolved, sericin
Then can expanded and dissolving；In the presence of acid, alkali or enzyme, sericin is easier to be decomposed, and fibroin then shows suitable stability.
The concise essence of silk fabric is exactly these differences using fibroin and sericin, using appropriate technique and equipment, remove sericin and
Retain fibroin, so as to reach the purpose of degumming.
The Degumming method of silkworm silk is divided into two class of microbial degumming and chemical Degumming at present, and chemical Degumming is again according to the change for adopting
Learn medicine difference and have alkali degumming, soap alkali degumming, sour degumming.But at present these method generally existing degumming efficiency is low asks
Topic, it is impossible to carry out degumming well, so as to largely have impact on the application of silkworm silk, while in order to pursue higher degumming effect
Rate often takes the means that different degumming modes combine, although degumming rate, result so can be improved to a certain extent
It is often unsatisfactory, while also result in problem with high costs.
【The content of the invention】
The present invention provide it is a kind of improve natural silk degumming rate method, with solve existing natural silk degumming exist degumming efficiency it is low or
The problems such as being high cost.The silkworm silk processed using the Degumming Procedures for Silkworm Silk of the present invention, the loss of silkworm silk fracture strength and extension at break
Loss is less, and the sericin before degumming in silkworm silk substantially takes off, and effectively increases whiteness, glossiness and the dyeability of silkworm silk
Energy.
In order to solve above technical problem, the present invention is employed the following technical solutions：
A kind of method for improving natural silk degumming rate, comprises the following steps：
S1：Pending silkworm silk is immersed into natural silk degumming agent, 45-50 DEG C is heated in confined conditions, in ultrasound wave
Power is 120-180W, and speed of agitator is to stir 65-92min under 90-120r/min, filters to obtain silkworm silk；
S2：The silkworm silk that step S1 is filtrated to get is added to ethanol and mass concentration that mass concentration is 34%-39% is
In the tartaric acid mixed solution of 12%-23%, 74-78 DEG C is heated to, keeps 15-22min, be down to room temperature；
S3：Silkworm silk after the process of step S2 is added in solution of potassium carbonate, 65-68 DEG C is heated to, in speed of agitator is
110-120min is stirred under 50-70r/min, room temperature is down to；
S4：Silkworm silk deionized water after the process of step S3 is rinsed well, glue protein is removed；
S5：The silkworm silk that step S4 is obtained is dried to water content≤2.6% at 35-42 DEG C, obtains the silkworm silk after degumming.
Preferably, the natural silk degumming agent described in step S1, in units of weight portion, including following raw material：Ammonia 104-
152 parts, sodium silicate 42-78 parts, surfactant 11-22 parts, penetrating agent 1.8-4.2 parts, dispersant 1.2-2.3 parts, regulator
2-3.4 parts, cosolvent 1.8-3.2 parts, stabilizer 0.9-1.4 parts.
It is highly preferred that the mass concentration of the ammonia is 22%-28%.
It is highly preferred that the surfactant is polyacrylamide.
It is highly preferred that the penetrating agent is alkyl benzene sulphonate potassium.
It is highly preferred that the dispersant is lauryl alcohol potassium sulfate.
It is highly preferred that the regulator is acetic acid.
It is highly preferred that the cosolvent is sodium salicylate.
It is highly preferred that the stabilizer is boron nitride.
It is highly preferred that the preparation method of the natural silk degumming agent, comprises the following steps：
S11：Ammonia, sodium silicate are mixed, 45-48 DEG C of stirring and dissolving is warming up to, mixed liquor I is obtained；
S12：Surfactant, penetrating agent, dispersant, cosolvent are added to mixed liquor I obtained in step S11, is heated to
52-58 DEG C, be 130-185W in ultrasonic power, and rotating speed is that 200-300r/min stirs 18-26min, and mixed liquor II is obtained；
S13：Stop heating and ul-trasonic irradiation, stabilizer is added to mixed liquor II obtained in step S12, in rotating speed be
6-8min is stirred under 200-300r/min, mixed liquor III is obtained；
S14：To in mixed liquor III obtained in step S13, regulator and water is added to make pH value for 9.2-10.5, prepared silkworm silk
Degumming agent.
The invention has the advantages that：
(1) silkworm silk processed using the Degumming Procedures for Silkworm Silk of the present invention, the loss of silkworm silk fracture strength are lost with extension at break
Less, the sericin before degumming in silkworm silk substantially takes off, and effectively increases whiteness, glossiness and the dyeability of silkworm silk, together
When make which soft smooth.So that obtained silk fabrics glossiness and feel preferably, improve the product of fabric in subsequent treatment
Matter；
(2) Degumming Procedures for Silkworm Silk of the invention processes silkworm silk low cost and efficiency high.
【Specific embodiment】
For ease of more fully understanding the present invention, it is illustrated by following examples, these embodiments belong to the present invention's
Protection domain, but do not limit the scope of the invention.
In embodiment, the method for improving natural silk degumming rate is comprised the following steps：
S1：Pending silkworm silk is immersed into natural silk degumming agent, 45-50 DEG C is heated in confined conditions, in ultrasound wave
Power is 120-180W, and speed of agitator is to stir 65-92min under 90-120r/min, filters to obtain silkworm silk；
Described natural silk degumming agent, in units of weight portion, including following raw material：Ammonia 104-152 parts, sodium silicate 42-
78 parts, surfactant 11-22 parts, penetrating agent 1.8-4.2 parts, dispersant 1.2-2.3 parts, regulator 2-3.4 parts, cosolvent
1.8-3.2 part, stabilizer 0.9-1.4 parts；
The mass concentration of the ammonia is 22%-28%；
The surfactant is polyacrylamide；
The penetrating agent is alkyl benzene sulphonate potassium；
The dispersant is lauryl alcohol potassium sulfate；
The regulator is acetic acid；
The cosolvent is sodium salicylate；
The stabilizer is boron nitride；
The preparation method of the natural silk degumming agent, comprises the following steps：
S11：Ammonia, sodium silicate are mixed, 45-48 DEG C of stirring and dissolving is warming up to, mixed liquor I is obtained；
S12：Surfactant, penetrating agent, dispersant, cosolvent are added to mixed liquor I obtained in step S11, is heated to
52-58 DEG C, be 130-185W in ultrasonic power, and rotating speed is that 200-300r/min stirs 18-26min, and mixed liquor II is obtained；
S13：Stop heating and ul-trasonic irradiation, stabilizer is added to mixed liquor II obtained in step S12, in rotating speed be
6-8min is stirred under 200-300r/min, mixed liquor III is obtained；
S14：To in mixed liquor III obtained in step S13, regulator and water is added to make pH value for 9.2-10.5, prepared silkworm silk
Degumming agent；
S2：The silkworm silk that step S1 is filtrated to get is added to ethanol and mass concentration that mass concentration is 34%-39% is
In the tartaric acid mixed solution of 12%-23%, 74-78 DEG C is heated to, keeps 15-22min, be down to room temperature；
S3：Silkworm silk after the process of step S2 is added in solution of potassium carbonate, 65-68 DEG C is heated to, in speed of agitator is
110-120min is stirred under 50-70r/min, room temperature is down to；
S4：Silkworm silk deionized water after the process of step S3 is rinsed well, glue protein is removed；
S5：The silkworm silk that step S4 is obtained is dried to water content≤2.6% at 35-42 DEG C, obtains the silkworm silk after degumming.
Below by more specifically embodiment, the present invention will be described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method for improving natural silk degumming rate, comprises the following steps：
S1：Pending silkworm silk is immersed into natural silk degumming agent, 48 DEG C is heated in confined conditions, in ultrasonic power
For 150W, speed of agitator is to stir 75min under 110r/min, filters to obtain silkworm silk；
Described natural silk degumming agent, in units of weight portion, including following raw material：130 parts of ammonia, 60 parts of sodium silicate, table
15 parts of face activating agent, 3 parts of penetrating agent, 1.6 parts of dispersant, 2.5 parts of regulator, 2.4 parts of cosolvent, 1.2 parts of stabilizer；
The mass concentration of the ammonia is 25%；
The surfactant is polyacrylamide；
The penetrating agent is alkyl benzene sulphonate potassium；
The dispersant is lauryl alcohol potassium sulfate；
The regulator is acetic acid；
The cosolvent is sodium salicylate；
The stabilizer is boron nitride；
The preparation method of the natural silk degumming agent, comprises the following steps：
S11：Ammonia, sodium silicate are mixed, 46 DEG C of stirring and dissolving are warming up to, mixed liquor I is obtained；
S12：Surfactant, penetrating agent, dispersant, cosolvent are added to mixed liquor I obtained in step S11, is heated to
55 DEG C, be 160W in ultrasonic power, and rotating speed is that 250r/min stirs 22min, and mixed liquor II is obtained；
S13：Stop heating and ul-trasonic irradiation, stabilizer is added to mixed liquor II obtained in step S12, in rotating speed be
7min is stirred under 250r/min, mixed liquor III is obtained；
S14：To in mixed liquor III obtained in step S13, add regulator and water to make pH value is 9.8, and natural silk degumming is obtained
Agent；
S2：It is 18% that the silkworm silk that step S1 is filtrated to get is added to ethanol that mass concentration is 35% and mass concentration
In tartaric acid mixed solution, 76 DEG C are heated to, keep 18min, be down to room temperature；
S3：Silkworm silk after the process of step S2 is added in solution of potassium carbonate, 67 DEG C are heated to, is 60r/ in speed of agitator
116min is stirred under min, room temperature is down to；
S4：Silkworm silk deionized water after the process of step S3 is rinsed well, glue protein is removed；
S5：It is 2.6% that the silkworm silk that step S4 is obtained is dried to water content at 38 DEG C, obtains the silkworm silk after degumming.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method for improving natural silk degumming rate, comprises the following steps：
S1：Pending silkworm silk is immersed into natural silk degumming agent, 45 DEG C is heated in confined conditions, in ultrasonic power
For 120W, speed of agitator is to stir 92min under 90r/min, filters to obtain silkworm silk；
Described natural silk degumming agent, in units of weight portion, including following raw material：104 parts of ammonia, 42 parts of sodium silicate, table
11 parts of face activating agent, 1.8 parts of penetrating agent, 1.2 parts of dispersant, 2 parts of regulator, 1.8 parts of cosolvent, 0.9 part of stabilizer；
The mass concentration of the ammonia is 22%；
The surfactant is polyacrylamide；
The penetrating agent is alkyl benzene sulphonate potassium；
The dispersant is lauryl alcohol potassium sulfate；
The regulator is acetic acid；
The cosolvent is sodium salicylate；
The stabilizer is boron nitride；
The preparation method of the natural silk degumming agent, comprises the following steps：
S11：Ammonia, sodium silicate are mixed, 45 DEG C of stirring and dissolving are warming up to, mixed liquor I is obtained；
S12：Surfactant, penetrating agent, dispersant, cosolvent are added to mixed liquor I obtained in step S11, is heated to
52 DEG C, be 130W in ultrasonic power, and rotating speed is that 200r/min stirs 26min, and mixed liquor II is obtained；
S13：Stop heating and ul-trasonic irradiation, stabilizer is added to mixed liquor II obtained in step S12, in rotating speed be
8min is stirred under 200r/min, mixed liquor III is obtained；
S14：To in mixed liquor III obtained in step S13, add regulator and water to make pH value is 9.2, and natural silk degumming is obtained
Agent；
S2：It is 12% that the silkworm silk that step S1 is filtrated to get is added to ethanol that mass concentration is 34% and mass concentration
In tartaric acid mixed solution, 74 DEG C are heated to, keep 22min, be down to room temperature；
S3：Silkworm silk after the process of step S2 is added in solution of potassium carbonate, 65 DEG C are heated to, is 50r/ in speed of agitator
120min is stirred under min, room temperature is down to；
S4：Silkworm silk deionized water after the process of step S3 is rinsed well, glue protein is removed；
S5：It is 1.8% that the silkworm silk that step S4 is obtained is dried to water content at 35 DEG C, obtains the silkworm silk after degumming.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method for improving natural silk degumming rate, comprises the following steps：
S1：Pending silkworm silk is immersed into natural silk degumming agent, 50 DEG C is heated in confined conditions, in ultrasonic power
For 180W, speed of agitator is to stir 65min under 120r/min, filters to obtain silkworm silk；
Described natural silk degumming agent, in units of weight portion, including following raw material：152 parts of ammonia, 78 parts of sodium silicate, table
22 parts of face activating agent, 4.2 parts of penetrating agent, 2.3 parts of dispersant, 3.4 parts of regulator, 3.2 parts of cosolvent, 1.4 parts of stabilizer；
The mass concentration of the ammonia is 28%；
The surfactant is polyacrylamide；
The penetrating agent is alkyl benzene sulphonate potassium；
The dispersant is lauryl alcohol potassium sulfate；
The regulator is acetic acid；
The cosolvent is sodium salicylate；
The stabilizer is boron nitride；
The preparation method of the natural silk degumming agent, comprises the following steps：
S11：Ammonia, sodium silicate are mixed, 48 DEG C of stirring and dissolving are warming up to, mixed liquor I is obtained；
S12：Surfactant, penetrating agent, dispersant, cosolvent are added to mixed liquor I obtained in step S11, is heated to
58 DEG C, be 185W in ultrasonic power, and rotating speed is that 300r/min stirs 18min, and mixed liquor II is obtained；
S13：Stop heating and ul-trasonic irradiation, stabilizer is added to mixed liquor II obtained in step S12, in rotating speed be
6min is stirred under 300r/min, mixed liquor III is obtained；
S14：To in mixed liquor III obtained in step S13, add regulator and water to make pH value is 10.5, and natural silk degumming is obtained
Agent；
S2：It is 23% that the silkworm silk that step S1 is filtrated to get is added to ethanol that mass concentration is 39% and mass concentration
In tartaric acid mixed solution, 78 DEG C are heated to, keep 15min, be down to room temperature；
S3：Silkworm silk after the process of step S2 is added in solution of potassium carbonate, 68 DEG C are heated to, is 70r/ in speed of agitator
120min is stirred under min, room temperature is down to；
S4：Silkworm silk deionized water after the process of step S3 is rinsed well, glue protein is removed；
S5：It is 1.5% that the silkworm silk that step S4 is obtained is dried to water content at 42 DEG C, obtains the silkworm silk after degumming.
Degumming is carried out using the method for embodiment 1-3, the performance indications tested before and after silkworm silk are as a result as shown in the table.
As seen from the above table, the silkworm silk for being processed using the Degumming Procedures for Silkworm Silk of the present invention, the loss of silkworm silk fracture strength and fracture
Elongation loss is less, and the sericin before degumming in silkworm silk substantially takes off, and effectively increases whiteness, glossiness and the dyeing of silkworm silk
Performance.
Above content it cannot be assumed that the present invention be embodied as be confined to these explanation, for belonging to the present invention technology neck
For the those of ordinary skill in domain, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some simple deduction or replace can also be made,
The scope of patent protection that the present invention is determined by the claims submitted to should be all considered as belonging to.
Claims (10)
1. it is a kind of improve natural silk degumming rate method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1：Pending silkworm silk is immersed into natural silk degumming agent, 45-50 DEG C is heated in confined conditions, in ultrasonic power
For 120-180W, speed of agitator is to stir 65-92min under 90-120r/min, filters to obtain silkworm silk；
S2：It is 12%- that the silkworm silk that step S1 is filtrated to get is added to the ethanol and mass concentration that mass concentration is 34%-39%
In 23% tartaric acid mixed solution, 74-78 DEG C is heated to, keeps 15-22min, be down to room temperature；
S3：Silkworm silk after the process of step S2 is added in solution of potassium carbonate, 65-68 DEG C is heated to, is 50- in speed of agitator
110-120min is stirred under 70r/min, room temperature is down to；
S4：Silkworm silk deionized water after the process of step S3 is rinsed well, glue protein is removed；
S5：The silkworm silk that step S4 is obtained is dried to water content≤2.6% at 35-42 DEG C, obtains the silkworm silk after degumming.
2. the method for improving natural silk degumming rate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that silkworm silk described in step S1 takes off
Colloid, in units of weight portion, including following raw material：Ammonia 104-152 parts, sodium silicate 42-78 parts, surfactant 11-22
Part, penetrating agent 1.8-4.2 parts, dispersant 1.2-2.3 parts, regulator 2-3.4 parts, cosolvent 1.8-3.2 parts, stabilizer 0.9-
1.4 part.
3. the method for improving natural silk degumming rate according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the mass concentration of the ammonia is
22%-28%.
4. it is according to claim 2 improve natural silk degumming rate method, it is characterised in that the surfactant be poly- third
Acrylamide.
5. it is according to claim 2 improve natural silk degumming rate method, it is characterised in that the penetrating agent be benzene sulfonamide
Sour potassium.
6. it is according to claim 2 improve natural silk degumming rate method, it is characterised in that the dispersant be lauryl alcohol sulfur
Sour potassium.
7. it is according to claim 2 improve natural silk degumming rate method, it is characterised in that the regulator be acetic acid.
8. it is according to claim 2 improve natural silk degumming rate method, it is characterised in that the cosolvent be salicylic acid
Sodium.
9. it is according to claim 2 improve natural silk degumming rate method, it is characterised in that the stabilizer be boron nitride.
10. according to any one of claim 1-9 raising natural silk degumming rate method, it is characterised in that the silkworm silk take off
The preparation method of colloid, comprises the following steps：
S11：Ammonia, sodium silicate are mixed, 45-48 DEG C of stirring and dissolving is warming up to, mixed liquor I is obtained；
S12：Surfactant, penetrating agent, dispersant, cosolvent are added to mixed liquor I obtained in step S11,52-58 is heated to
DEG C, it is 130-185W in ultrasonic power, rotating speed is that 200-300r/min stirs 18-26min, and mixed liquor II is obtained；
S13：Stop heating and ul-trasonic irradiation, stabilizer is added to mixed liquor II obtained in step S12, be 200- in rotating speed
6-8min is stirred under 300r/min, mixed liquor III is obtained；
S14：To in mixed liquor III obtained in step S13, regulator and water is added to make pH value for 9.2-10.5, prepared natural silk degumming
Agent.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102605439A (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2012-07-25 | 绍兴文理学院 | Silk fabric degumming method and apparatus thereof |
| CN102732978A (en) * | 2012-07-05 | 2012-10-17 | 绍兴文理学院 | Silk degumming process implemented by using ultrasonic waves |
| CN103451746A (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2013-12-18 | 苏州三和开泰花线织造有限公司 | Degumming method of silk |
| CN104342916A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-02-11 | 湖州新仲湖针织制衣有限公司 | Treatment process for degumming and bleaching silk |
| CN104727040A (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2015-06-24 | 内江市市中区汉安夏布绣专业合作社 | Method for preparing grass cloth embroidery |
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- 2016-11-29 CN CN201611072810.3A patent/CN106521642A/en active Pending
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102605439A (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2012-07-25 | 绍兴文理学院 | Silk fabric degumming method and apparatus thereof |
| CN102732978A (en) * | 2012-07-05 | 2012-10-17 | 绍兴文理学院 | Silk degumming process implemented by using ultrasonic waves |
| CN103451746A (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2013-12-18 | 苏州三和开泰花线织造有限公司 | Degumming method of silk |
| CN104342916A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-02-11 | 湖州新仲湖针织制衣有限公司 | Treatment process for degumming and bleaching silk |
| CN104727040A (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2015-06-24 | 内江市市中区汉安夏布绣专业合作社 | Method for preparing grass cloth embroidery |
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