CN106519837B - 一种船底用长效防污涂料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种船底用长效防污涂料,以重量份数计,由以下组分构成:39‑41份树脂组合物;1‑2份防污剂;0.3‑0.5份防污增效剂;7‑9份润湿分散剂;3‑5份缓蚀剂;1‑2份附着力促进剂;12‑15份稀释剂。本发明防污涂料革除了氧化亚铜的使用,提供一种绿色环保的船底用防污涂料,并且防污效果长达12个月。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于涂料技术领域,具体涉及一种船底用长效防污涂料及其制备方法。
背景技术
防污涂料是涂装于船底的一种涂料,一般涂装在船底防锈漆之上,处于最外层。主要作用是通过漆膜中毒料的渗出、扩散或水解等方式逐步释放毒料,达到防止海洋生物附着于船底的目的。船底附着海生物后,增加阻力,降低航速,燃料耗用量增加,机械磨损增大。海生物附着还会破坏漆膜,加速钢板的腐蚀。增加了船舶维修保养次数和时间,而迄今为止,涂饰船舶防污涂料时防止海生物附着的最经济有效的措施。
渔船防污漆以前所用的主要防污剂是氧化亚铜、有机锡和DDT等化学试剂。有机锡类化合物通常在1ppm级别即可引起贝类的畸形,DDT等更是在多个领域禁用。目前有机锡和DDT已经禁止在防污涂料中应用,国际海事组织在2012年也相继限制氧化亚铜的使用,因此开发新型的不含氧化亚铜的适用于渔船使用且价格便宜的防污漆具有实际意义。
CN 101550304A公开了一种渔船用环保海洋防污涂料,该发明以丙烯酸树脂、复合防污剂、颜料、填料、防污剂、溶剂组成,产品中的复合防污剂为硫氰酸亚铜、吡啶硫酮铜、百菌清为原料组成,其中百菌清为四氯间苯二甲腈,是一种稳定的有机小分子,很难再海洋中分解掉,当海洋中大量富集此类化合物会对海洋的鱼类和藻类产生影响,破坏海洋生态平衡。
所以开发一种不含氧化亚铜且绿色环保的船底用长效防污涂料具有现实意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术中的不足,革除氧化亚铜的使用,提供一种绿色环保的船底用防污涂料。
根据本发明的一个方面,本发明提供了一种船底用长效防污涂料:以重量份数计,由以下组分构成:
39-41份树脂组合物;1-2份防污剂;0.3-0.5份防污增效剂;7-9份润湿分散剂;3-5份缓蚀剂;1-2份附着力促进剂;12-15份稀释剂;
上述树脂组合物按重量份数计由丙烯酸树脂AMS-2702:萜烯树脂T-100:DSM丙烯酸树脂NeoCryl B-811=7:9:11的混合物组成;
上述防污剂按重量份数计由CuSO4:LaMnO3:2-(羟甲基氨基)乙醇:芒硝:2,2-联吡啶=3:2:1:2:4的混合物组成;所述防污剂由以下制备方法制备:将CuSO4,LaMnO3,2-(羟甲基氨基)乙醇,芒硝,2,2-联吡啶采用50wt%的乙醇水溶液搅拌分散,然后在高压反应釜中于50℃,压力为5个大气压的氧气氛围下反应3h;反应结束后卸除氧气压,45℃下真空浓缩至干得粉末状固体,将粉末状固体用球磨机处理至粒径小于0.1mm得防污剂;
所述防污增效剂按重量份数计由乙二胺四乙酸二钴盐:环烷酸钴=3:1的混合物组成,所述环烷酸钴中钴含量为10wt%;本发明中防污增效剂能够提高防污增效效果。
所述润湿分散剂按重量份数计由十四烷基三甲基溴化铵:AMS-5040的聚羧酸钠盐:YM-406型丙烯酸=3:1:5的混合物组成;
所述缓蚀剂按重量份数计由铬酸锌:磷酸锌:氢氧化锂=2:1:5组成;
通常有三种方法可以抑制船底的腐蚀,一是建立屏蔽涂层,减少水和氧向船底金属基材的渗透;二是在涂漆前采用铬酸盐钝化金属基材;最后是采用在涂料中使用缓释剂,本发明采取在涂料中添加氢氧化锂改性的铬酸锌、磷酸锌组合物,具有良好的抗盐雾性能。
所述附着力促进剂按重量份数计由苯氧基二甲基硅烷:Adherant 1121=1:3的混合物组成;
所述稀释剂按重量份数计由:二甲苯:丁酮:乙醇:水=7:9:6:2的混合物组成;
优选的,所述船底用长效防污涂料:以重量份数计,由以下组分构成:
40份树脂组合物;1份防污剂;0.4份防污增效剂;8份润湿分散剂;4份缓蚀剂;1份附着力促进剂;15份稀释剂:
根据本发明的另一个方面,本发明提供了一种船底用长效防污涂料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)根据上述配比称量树脂组合物;防污剂;防污增效剂;润湿分散剂;缓蚀剂;附着力促进剂;稀释剂备用;
2)将树脂组合物在高剪切分散机中混合剪切至粒径D50为5微米以下后加入分散釜A中,然后加入稀释剂在300rpm的转速下30℃搅拌分散20min,再升温至60℃继续搅拌1h;
3)60℃下向分散釜A中添加防污剂,于800rpm的转速下搅拌分散6h,以20℃/h的降温速率降温至40℃;
4)40℃下向分散釜A中分三批添加润湿分散剂,然后再加入缓蚀剂,于900rpm的转速下搅拌分散2h;
5)将附着力促进剂与防污增效剂用高剪切分散机B充分分散,然后添加至分散釜A于900rpm的转速下搅拌分散2h;然后以10℃/h的升温速率升温至70℃保温搅拌2h,最后以10℃/h的降温速率降温至室温后出料分装得船底用长效防污涂料。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明了,下面结合具体实施方式,对本发明进一步详细说明。应该理解,这些描述只是示例性的,而并非要限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
一、涂料组成:按量份数计称取以下物质
39份树脂组合物;树脂组合物按重量份数计由丙烯酸树脂AMS-2702:萜烯树脂T-100:DSM丙烯酸树脂NeoCryl B-811=7:9:11的混合物组成;
1份防污剂;防污剂按重量份数计由CuSO4:LaMnO3:2-(羟甲基氨基)乙醇:芒硝:2,2-联吡啶=3:2:1:2:4的混合物组成;所述防污剂由以下制备方法制备:将CuSO4,LaMnO3,2-(羟甲基氨基)乙醇,芒硝,2,2-联吡啶采用50wt%的乙醇水溶液搅拌分散,然后在高压反应釜中于50℃,压力为5个大气压的氧气氛围下反应3h;反应结束后卸除氧气压,45℃下真空浓缩至干得粉末状固体,将粉末状固体用球磨机处理至粒径小于0.1mm得防污剂;
0.3份防污增效剂;防污增效剂按重量份数计由乙二胺四乙酸二钴盐:环烷酸钴=3:1的混合物组成,所述环烷酸钴中钴含量为10wt%;
7份润湿分散剂;润湿分散剂按重量份数计由十四烷基三甲基溴化铵:AMS-5040的聚羧酸钠盐:YM-406型丙烯酸=3:1:5的混合物组成;
3份缓蚀剂;缓蚀剂按重量份数计由铬酸锌:磷酸锌:氢氧化锂=2:1:5组成;
1份附着力促进剂;附着力促进剂按重量份数计由苯氧基二甲基硅烷:Adherant1121=1:3的混合物组成;
12份稀释剂;稀释剂按重量份数计由:二甲苯:丁酮:乙醇:水=7:9:6:2的混合物组成;
二、涂料制备方法:
1)根据上述配比称量树脂组合物;防污剂;防污增效剂;润湿分散剂;缓蚀剂;附着力促进剂;稀释剂备用;
2)将树脂组合物在高剪切分散机中混合剪切至粒径D50为5微米以下后加入分散釜A中,然后加入稀释剂在300rpm的转速下30℃搅拌分散20min,再升温至60℃继续搅拌1h;
3)60℃下向分散釜A中添加防污剂,于800rpm的转速下搅拌分散6h,以20℃/h的降温速率降温至40℃;
4)40℃下向分散釜A中分三批添加润湿分散剂,然后再加入缓蚀剂,于900rpm的转速下搅拌分散2h;
5)将附着力促进剂与防污增效剂用高剪切分散机B充分分散,然后添加至分散釜A于900rpm的转速下搅拌分散2h;然后以10℃/h的升温速率升温至70℃保温搅拌2h,最后以10℃/h的降温速率降温至室温后出料分装得船底用长效防污涂料。
实施例2
组成:40份树脂组合物;1份防污剂;0.4份防污增效剂;8份润湿分散剂;4份缓蚀剂;1份附着力促进剂;15份稀释剂:
其中树脂组合物;防污剂;防污增效剂;润湿分散剂;缓蚀剂;附着力促进剂;稀释剂成分与制备方法与实施例1一致。
涂料的制备方法与实施例1一致
实施例3
组成:41份树脂组合物;2份防污剂;0.5份防污增效剂;9份润湿分散剂;5份缓蚀剂;2份附着力促进剂;15份稀释剂:
其中树脂组合物;防污剂;防污增效剂;润湿分散剂;缓蚀剂;附着力促进剂;稀释剂成分与制备方法与实施例1一致。
涂料的制备方法与实施例1一致
对比例1:
除不添加防污增效剂外其余组分和制备方法均与实施例1一致。
长期防污性质测定:
防污性能评价方法:将实施例1-3和对比例1中制备的涂料涂抹于钢材质的船底板上,涂层厚度为0.2mm,室温风干三天;然后将测试板置于海水中,以生物附着面积占据涂层面积的比例来评价防污性能,认为20%以下是可以接受的。
表1防污性能评价结果
备注:表中数值为生物附着面积占据涂层面积的百分比%
以上结果表明本发明制备的防污涂料防污效果长达12个月,而且防污增效剂具有明显的防污增效效果。在研发过程中发现防污增效剂具有良好的增效效果,研发过程中发现当不添加或者添加其中任意一种时,其防污效果均不理想。
尽管已经详细描述了本发明的实施方式,但是应该理解的是,在不偏离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,可以对本发明的实施方式做出各种改变、替换和变更。
Claims (3)
1.一种船底用长效防污涂料,以重量份数计,由以下组分构成:39-41份树脂组合物;1-2份防污剂;0.3-0.5份防污增效剂;7-9份润湿分散剂;3-5份缓蚀剂;1-2份附着力促进剂;12-15份稀释剂;
所述树脂组合物按重量份数计由丙烯酸树脂AMS-2702:萜烯树脂T-100:DSM丙烯酸树脂NeoCryl B-811=7:9:11的混合物组成;
所述防污剂按重量份数计由CuSO4:LaMnO3:2-(羟甲基氨基)乙醇:芒硝:2,2-联吡啶=3:2:1:2:4的混合物组成;将CuSO4,LaMnO3,2-(羟甲基氨基)乙醇,芒硝,2,2-联吡啶采用50wt%的乙醇水溶液搅拌分散,然后在高压反应釜中于50℃,压力为5个大气压的氧气氛围下反应3h;反应结束后卸除氧气压,45℃下真空浓缩至干得粉末状固体,将粉末状固体用球磨机处理至粒径小于0.1mm得防污剂;
所述防污增效剂按重量份数计由乙二胺四乙酸二钴盐:环烷酸钴=3:1的混合物组成,所述环烷酸钴中钴含量为10wt%;
所述润湿分散剂按重量份数计由十四烷基三甲基溴化铵:AMS-5040的聚羧酸钠盐:YM-406型丙烯酸=3:1:5的混合物组成;
所述缓蚀剂按重量份数计由铬酸锌:磷酸锌:氢氧化锂=2:1:5组成;
所述附着力促进剂按重量份数计由苯氧基二甲基硅烷:Adherant1121=1:3的混合物组成;
所述稀释剂按重量份数计由:二甲苯:丁酮:乙醇:水=7:9:6:2的混合物组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种船底用长效防污涂料,以重量份数计,由以下组分构成:40份树脂组合物;1份防污剂;0.4份防污增效剂;8份润湿分散剂;4份缓蚀剂;1份附着力促进剂;15份稀释剂。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种船底用长效防污涂料制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)根据上述配比称量树脂组合物;防污剂;防污增效剂;润湿分散剂;缓蚀剂;附着力促进剂;稀释剂备用;
2)将树脂组合物在高剪切分散机中混合剪切至粒径D50为5微米以下后加入分散釜A中,然后加入稀释剂在300rpm的转速下30℃搅拌分散20min,再升温至60℃继续搅拌1h;
3)60℃下向分散釜A中添加防污剂,于800rpm的转速下搅拌分散6h,以20℃/h的降温速率降温至40℃;
4)40℃下向分散釜A中分三批添加润湿分散剂,然后再加入缓蚀剂,于900rpm的转速下搅拌分散2h;
5)将附着力促进剂与防污增效剂用高剪切分散机B充分分散,然后添加至分散釜A于900rpm的转速下搅拌分散2h;然后以10℃/h的升温速率升温至70℃保温搅拌2h,最后以10℃/h的降温速率降温至室温后出料分装得船底用长效防污涂料。
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