CN106518086A - 一种AlMgB14/Si复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种AlMgB14/Si复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106518086A
CN106518086A CN201610951907.5A CN201610951907A CN106518086A CN 106518086 A CN106518086 A CN 106518086A CN 201610951907 A CN201610951907 A CN 201610951907A CN 106518086 A CN106518086 A CN 106518086A
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程军
杨军
陈娇
刘维民
乔竹辉
朱圣宇
李斐
李茂华
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Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics LICP of CAS
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种AlMgB14/Si复合材料及其制备方法。该复合材料采用放电等离子烧结法制备而成。首先，将5~45 wt.% Si与55～95wt.% AlMgB14经机械球磨混合均匀后放入石墨模具中，再将整套模具装置置于等离子烧结炉中加热、加压烧结成块体材料。该制备方法烧结速度快，能够有效抑制晶粒长大，且工艺简单易行，所制备的AlMgB14/Si复合材料硬度高、耐磨性强、自润滑性能好，可用作切削刀具、钻头等耐磨材料领域。

Description

一种AlMgB14/Si复合材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种AlMgB14/Si复合材料及其制备方法，属于耐磨材料领域。
背景技术
AlMgB14是一种新型的陶瓷材料，具有极高的硬度（32~35 GPa）、良好的耐磨性和化学稳定性（Scripta Materialia, 2000, 42: 597-602），且在湿润的环境下具有一定的自润滑性能（Surface & Coatings Technology, 2010, 205: 2296-301）。可用作刀具材料来切削加工性能差的合金材料，如钛合金（Tribology International, 2009, 42: 706-13）；也可用作耐磨防护涂层（US2005/0100748, CN 102128009 A）保护工件延长其使役寿命、提高工作效率（Wear, 2011, 271: 2111-5）。
然而，AlMgB14的韧性较差仅3~4 MPa•m1/2，难以制备大尺寸纯AlMgB14块体材料。截止目前，已报道的纯AlMgB14块体材料尺寸均不超过13 mm（Tribology International, 2009, 42: 706-13）。研究人员往往采用复合化手段来改善AlMgB14的韧性，已添加的颗粒相包括Co-17 at.% Mn、碳纳米管、SiC晶须（CN 104591769 A）、TiB2、AlN、TiC等，其中Co-17at.% Mn虽能明显提高AlMgB14韧性，但显著降低其硬度（Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2004, 366:145-51），而添加TiB2对其硬度和韧性均有不同程度的提高，同时随着TiB2含量增加到70 wt.%，材料的耐磨性也得到提高（Tribology International, 2009, 42: 706-13）。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种AlMgB14/Si复合材料及其制备方法。
本发明制备的AlMgB14/Si复合材料具有高硬度、良好的耐磨性和优异的自润滑性能。
一种AlMgB14/Si复合材料，其特征在于该复合材料由5~45 wt.% Si粉和55~95wt.% AlMgB14粉组成。
如上所述AlMgB14/Si复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于具体步骤为：将Si粉和AlMgB14粉混合，在低能球磨机中以200~350 r/min的速度混合2~5 h，球料比为1.2:1~2:1，将球磨后的粉料放入石墨模具中，然后置于等离子烧结炉中烧结（SPS），加载30 MPa，升温速率50~300℃/min（其中温度低于1000℃时升温速率为100~300℃/min，高于1000℃时为50℃/min），当温度达到1250~1500℃时，保温保压5~10 min，然后关闭加热电源，随炉冷却。
本发明所制备的复合材料的尺寸直径为20~30 mm，厚度为4~10 mm。制备复合材料的硬度为27~32 GPa，韧性为4~6 MPa•m1/2，磨损率为10-6 mm3/N m量级，摩擦系数在0.10~0.45之间。
本发明的优点在于：（1）Si的加入在不降低AlMgB14硬度的前提下提高其韧性，从而能够制备尺寸较大的块体材料。（2）Si的加入提高AlMgB14材料的耐磨性并降低其摩擦系数。（3）制备过程中使用的SPS的烧结法，具有烧结速度快，能量高等特点，能够有效降低烧结温度，节约能源，降低加工成本。
附图说明
图1为纯AlMgB14和AlMgB14-30% Si复合材料在不同载荷条件下的磨损率。
图2为纯AlMgB14和AlMgB14-30% Si复合材料在不同载荷条件下的摩擦系数。
具体实施方式
实施例1
将5 wt.% Si粉与95% wt.% AlMgB14粉混合，在球磨机中以300 r/min的速度混合4.5h，球料比为2:1，将混合均匀的粉料放入石墨模具中，然后置于放电等离子烧结炉中加热，加载30 MPa，升温速率在温度低于1000℃时为100℃/min，高于1000℃时为50℃/min，保温10 min。然后关闭电源，随炉冷却。
实施例2
将30 wt.% Si粉与70 wt.% AlMgB14粉混合，在球磨机中以250 r/min的速度混合4 h，球料比为1.5:1，将混合均匀的粉放入石墨模具中，然后置于放电等离子烧结炉中烧结，加载30 MPa，升温速率在温度低于1000℃时为200℃/min，高于1000℃时为50℃/min，保温8min。然后关闭电源，随炉冷却。
实施例3
将40 wt.% Si粉与60 wt.% AlMgB14粉混合，在球磨机中以200 r/min的速度混合3 h，球料比为1.25:1，将混合均匀的粉放入石墨模具中，然后置于放电等离子烧结炉中烧结，加载30 MPa，升温速率在温度低于1000℃时为250℃/min，高于1000℃时为50℃/min，保温5min。然后关闭电源，随炉冷却。

Claims (4)

1.一种AlMgB14/Si复合材料，其特征在于该复合材料由5~45 wt.% Si粉和55~95 wt.%AlMgB14粉组成。
2.如权利要求1所述AlMgB14/Si复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于具体步骤为：将Si粉和AlMgB14粉混合后球磨，将球磨后的粉料放入石墨模具中，然后置于等离子烧结炉中烧结，加载30 MPa，升温速率50~300℃/min，当温度达到1250~1500℃时，保温保压5~10 min，然后关闭加热电源，随炉冷却。
3.如权利要求2所述的制备方法，其特征在于所述球磨的条件：速度200~350 r/min，时间2~5 h，球料比1.2:1~2:1。
4.如权利要求2所述的制备方法，其特征在于温度低于1000℃时升温速率为100~300℃/min，高于1000℃时为50℃/min。
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111302805A (zh) * 2020-03-13 2020-06-19 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 一种三元硼化物-硼化锆复合材料及其制备方法
CN112358905A (zh) * 2020-11-09 2021-02-12 扬州工业职业技术学院 一种三元硼化物固体润滑梯度涂层及其制备方法
CN112876259A (zh) * 2021-04-22 2021-06-01 扬州工业职业技术学院 一种TiC-TiB2双相增韧铝镁硼复合陶瓷及其制备方法
CN115872778A (zh) * 2022-12-14 2023-03-31 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 一种实现900℃以上高温优良润滑和超低磨损的方法

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US6099605A (en) * 1999-06-07 2000-08-08 Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. Superabrasive boride and a method of preparing the same by mechanical alloying and hot pressing
CN1487109A (zh) * 2003-07-31 2004-04-07 上海交通大学 粉末冶金自生成陶瓷颗粒增强铝基复合材料及其制备方法

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US6099605A (en) * 1999-06-07 2000-08-08 Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. Superabrasive boride and a method of preparing the same by mechanical alloying and hot pressing
CN1487109A (zh) * 2003-07-31 2004-04-07 上海交通大学 粉末冶金自生成陶瓷颗粒增强铝基复合材料及其制备方法

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111302805A (zh) * 2020-03-13 2020-06-19 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 一种三元硼化物-硼化锆复合材料及其制备方法
CN112358905A (zh) * 2020-11-09 2021-02-12 扬州工业职业技术学院 一种三元硼化物固体润滑梯度涂层及其制备方法
CN112358905B (zh) * 2020-11-09 2022-05-27 扬州工业职业技术学院 一种三元硼化物固体润滑梯度涂层及其制备方法
CN112876259A (zh) * 2021-04-22 2021-06-01 扬州工业职业技术学院 一种TiC-TiB2双相增韧铝镁硼复合陶瓷及其制备方法
CN115872778A (zh) * 2022-12-14 2023-03-31 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 一种实现900℃以上高温优良润滑和超低磨损的方法
CN115872778B (zh) * 2022-12-14 2023-12-01 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 一种实现900℃以上高温优良润滑和超低磨损的方法

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