CN106515367B - Efficient intelligent heat pump air conditioning system for electric automobile - Google Patents
Efficient intelligent heat pump air conditioning system for electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN106515367B CN106515367B CN201611030814.5A CN201611030814A CN106515367B CN 106515367 B CN106515367 B CN 106515367B CN 201611030814 A CN201611030814 A CN 201611030814A CN 106515367 B CN106515367 B CN 106515367B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00492—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices comprising regenerative heating or cooling means, e.g. heat accumulators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/88—Optimized components or subsystems, e.g. lighting, actively controlled glasses
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-efficiency intelligent heat pump air conditioning system for an electric automobile. The air conditioning system has the characteristics of high efficiency, energy saving, low cost and high reliability, and realizes the comprehensive management of the thermal cycle of the electric automobile driving system and the heat pump air conditioning system. The technical proposal is as follows: an efficient intelligent heat pump air conditioner management system for an electric automobile is characterized in that the management system comprises: the motor circulating water main system is formed by sequentially and circularly communicating a water pump, a first three-way electromagnetic valve, a first electronic expansion valve and a first heat exchange loop of a motor heat exchanger through a water pipe, and a circulating water temperature sensor is arranged on the water pipe; the intelligent heat pump air conditioner master controller obtains the temperature of the circulating water through the circulating water temperature sensor, so that the opening degree of the first electronic expansion valve is controlled, and the effective heat dissipation of the motor driving system is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electric automobile air conditioning system, in particular to an electric automobile heat pump air conditioning system for comprehensive heat management of an electric automobile.
Background
At present, the electric automobile generally adopts a PTC auxiliary electric heating mode to realize a heating function in winter, the heating efficiency is low, the power consumption is high, the endurance mileage of the electric automobile is seriously influenced, and the efficiency of the electric automobile is reduced in winter compared with that in summer, so that the air source heat pump system technology is paid attention to at home and abroad.
The existing air source heat pump technology does not fully utilize the performance of a motor; heat recovery of the motor drive system is not fully achieved; in winter, particularly in northeast cold areas, the heat pump has low heat exchange energy efficiency ratio and is easy to frost under the heating operation; in summer, the air-conditioning cooling system is not fully utilized to assist in heat dissipation of the motor drive system in the refrigeration mode.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the efficient intelligent heat pump air conditioning system for the electric automobile, which has the characteristics of high efficiency, energy conservation, low cost, high reliability and realization of comprehensive management of the thermal cycle of the driving system of the electric automobile and the heat pump air conditioning system.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
an efficient intelligent heat pump air conditioner management system for an electric automobile is characterized in that the management system comprises:
the motor circulating water main system is formed by sequentially and circularly communicating a water pump, a first three-way electromagnetic valve, a first electronic expansion valve and a first heat exchange loop of a motor heat exchanger through a water pipe, and a circulating water temperature sensor is arranged on the water pipe; the intelligent heat pump air conditioner master controller obtains the temperature of the circulating water through a circulating water temperature sensor, so that the opening degree of the first electronic expansion valve is controlled, and the effective heat dissipation of the motor driving system is realized;
the motor circulating water auxiliary system is formed by sequentially and circularly communicating a second electronic expansion valve, a third electronic expansion valve, a first heat exchange loop of an outdoor heat exchanger, a second three-way electromagnetic valve and a first heat exchange loop of the indoor heat exchanger through a water pipe; the third interface of the first three-way electromagnetic valve is also communicated with a water pipe between the second electronic expansion valve and the third electronic expansion valve, and the third interface of the second three-way electromagnetic valve is also communicated with a water pipe between the motor heat exchanger and the water pump; the intelligent heat pump air conditioner master controller comprehensively utilizes the heat of the motor driving system by controlling each auxiliary system of the motor circulating water, so that the heat pump air conditioner can operate in a heating and refrigerating mode with high efficiency;
the heat pump air conditioner main system is formed by sequentially and circularly communicating a second heat exchange loop of the outdoor heat exchanger, a mode switching loop, a second heat exchange loop of the indoor heat exchanger, a third three-way electromagnetic valve and a four-way valve through a refrigerating fluid pipeline; in the mode switching loop: the first branch is formed by connecting a second electromagnetic valve and a third electromagnetic valve in series, the second branch connected with the first branch in parallel is formed by connecting a fourth electronic expansion valve and a fifth electronic expansion valve in series, and a liquid storage dryer is connected between the connecting line of the second electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve and the connecting line of the fourth electronic expansion valve and the fifth electronic expansion valve; the other two interfaces of the four-way valve are respectively communicated with a refrigerating fluid inlet of the electric compressor and a refrigerating fluid outlet of the electric compressor;
the heat pump air conditioner auxiliary system is formed by sequentially and circularly communicating a third interface of a third three-way electromagnetic valve, a second heat exchange loop of the motor heat exchanger, a first electromagnetic valve and a second heat exchange loop of the indoor heat exchanger through a refrigerating fluid pipeline; the intelligent heat pump air conditioner master controller can enhance the heat radiation performance of the motor driving system in a refrigeration mode by controlling the heat pump air conditioner auxiliary system.
The intelligent heat pump air conditioner master controller is electrically connected with the water pump, the motor controller for controlling the motor, the circulating water temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of the water pipe of the motor circulating water master system, the first three-way electromagnetic valve, the second three-way electromagnetic valve, the third three-way electromagnetic valve, the first electronic expansion valve, the second electronic expansion valve, the third electronic expansion valve, the fourth electronic expansion valve, the fifth electronic expansion valve, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the third electromagnetic valve, the four-way valve, the electric compressor, the outdoor temperature sensor, the indoor temperature sensor and the indoor temperature regulator through connecting wires. Through intelligent coordination control, heat recovery of the motor driving system in a heating mode is fully realized, auxiliary heat dissipation of the motor driving system in a refrigerating mode is realized, and high-efficiency operation of the heat pump air conditioning system in a heating and refrigerating state is realized.
The intelligent heat pump air conditioner main controller is also electrically connected with a first electronic fan for assisting the heat exchange of the motor heat exchanger, a second electronic fan for assisting the heat exchange of the indoor heat exchanger and a third electronic fan for assisting the heat exchange of the outdoor heat exchanger through connecting wires.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention realizes the comprehensive management of heat of the heat pump air conditioning system and the motor driving system of the electric automobile, and can improve the endurance mileage of the electric automobile by more than 30% in a heating mode compared with the PTC heating mode of the current electric automobile.
(2) According to the invention, under an air-conditioning heating mode, the motor driving system is used as a heating source, the heating performance of the motor is fully utilized, the heat of the motor driving system is recovered, the load of an external heat exchanger during heating is reduced, the intelligent control of the heat pump system is realized, and the energy efficiency ratio of the system is improved.
(3) The invention realizes the intelligent control of heating and refrigerating of the heat pump air conditioning system by recovering the heat of the motor driving system, and effectively solves the defrosting problem during heating operation.
(4) In the air-conditioning refrigeration mode, the air-conditioning cooling system is assisted on the motor circulating water main system to avoid overheat of the motor driving system, so that the heat radiation performance of the motor driving system is enhanced, the heat safety of the motor driving system is ensured, meanwhile, the heat damage to the motor driving system is avoided, the reliability of the system is improved, and the service life of the system is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a heating process according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a heating process according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a heating process according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration process according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration process according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a high-efficiency intelligent heat pump air conditioning system, which comprises a water pump 1, a motor controller 2, a motor 3, a circulating water temperature sensor 4, a first three-way electromagnetic valve 5, a second three-way electromagnetic valve 18, a third three-way electromagnetic valve 19, a first electronic expansion valve 6, a second electronic expansion valve 11, a third electronic expansion valve 12, a fourth electronic expansion valve 20, a fifth electronic expansion valve 22, a first electromagnetic valve 8, a second electromagnetic valve 15, a third electromagnetic valve 16, a motor heat exchanger (available from outsource) 9, an outdoor heat exchanger 14, an indoor heat exchanger 17, a first electronic fan 7, a second electronic fan 10, a third electronic fan 13, a liquid storage dryer 21, a four-way valve 23, an electric compressor 24, an intelligent heat pump air conditioning controller 25, an outdoor temperature sensor 26, an indoor temperature sensor 27 and an indoor temperature regulator 28.
The intelligent heat pump air conditioner master controller 25 is electrically connected with the water pump 1, the motor controller 2 (for controlling the working state of the motor 3), the circulating water temperature sensor 4, the first three-way electromagnetic valve 5, the second three-way electromagnetic valve 18, the third three-way electromagnetic valve 19, the first electronic expansion valve 6, the second electronic expansion valve 11, the third electronic expansion valve 12, the fourth electronic expansion valve 20, the fifth electronic expansion valve 22, the first electromagnetic valve 8, the second electromagnetic valve 15, the third electromagnetic valve 16, the first electronic fan 7, the second electronic fan 10, the third electronic fan 13, the four-way valve 23, the electric compressor 24, the outdoor temperature sensor 26, the indoor temperature sensor 27 and the indoor temperature regulator 28 by adopting connecting wires, and fully realizes the heat management of a motor driving system through intelligent coordination control, thereby realizing the high-efficiency operation of the air conditioning system in the heating and refrigerating states.
The motor circulating water main system is sequentially formed by a water pump 1, a first three-way electromagnetic valve 5, a first electronic expansion valve 6 and a first heat exchange loop of a motor heat exchanger 9, and heat generated by a motor driving system (comprising a motor 3 and a motor controller) is emitted by motor circulating water passing through the first heat exchange loop of the motor heat exchanger;
the intelligent heat pump air conditioner master controller 25 obtains the temperature of the circulating water through the circulating water temperature sensor 4 (used for monitoring the temperature of a water pipe of the motor circulating water master system) and controls the opening of the first electronic expansion valve 6 so as to achieve the purpose of effectively radiating heat of the motor.
The second electronic expansion valve 11, the third electronic expansion valve 12, the first heat exchange loop of the outdoor heat exchanger 14, the second three-way electromagnetic valve 18 and the first heat exchange loop of the indoor heat exchanger 17 which are sequentially and circularly communicated through a water pipe form a motor circulating water auxiliary system. The second electronic expansion valve 11, the first heat exchange loop of the indoor heat exchanger 17 and the second three-way electromagnetic valve 18 form a first auxiliary system of the motor circulating water. The third electronic expansion valve 12, the first heat exchange loop of the outdoor heat exchanger 14 and the second three-way electromagnetic valve 18 form a motor circulating water second auxiliary system.
The first three-way electromagnetic valve 5 controls the passage of the motor circulating water system, motor circulating water is input from one interface of the first three-way electromagnetic valve 5, and the switching between the circulating water main system and the auxiliary system is controlled by controlling the other two interfaces of the first three-way electromagnetic valve 5 to be switched on and off. The second electronic expansion valve 11 and the third electronic expansion valve 12 control switching between the circulating water first auxiliary system and the second auxiliary system. The intelligent heat pump air conditioner master controller 25 acquires an indoor temperature preset value and an actual temperature through the indoor temperature regulator 28 and the indoor temperature sensor 27, and adjusts the opening of the second electronic expansion valve 11; the intelligent heat pump air conditioner master controller 25 obtains the indoor and outdoor actual temperatures and the indoor temperature preset value through the outdoor temperature sensor 26, the indoor temperature sensor 27 and the indoor temperature regulator 28, adjusts the opening of the third electronic expansion valve 12, and realizes the efficient utilization of the circulating water system.
Wherein, two interfaces of the second three-way electromagnetic valve 18 are respectively connected with the output of the first auxiliary system and the second auxiliary system of the circulating water, and the third interface is connected with the main system of the circulating water, so that the second three-way electromagnetic valve 18 is controlled to effectively select the passage of the circulating water system.
The heat pump air conditioner main system is formed by sequentially and circularly communicating a second heat exchange loop of the outdoor heat exchanger 14, a mode switching loop, a second heat exchange loop of the indoor heat exchanger 17, a third three-way electromagnetic valve 19 and a four-way valve 23 through a refrigerating fluid pipeline; in the mode switching loop: the first branch is formed by connecting the second electromagnetic valve 15 and the third electromagnetic valve 16 in series, the second branch connected in parallel with the first branch is formed by connecting the fourth electronic expansion valve 20 and the fifth electronic expansion valve 22 in series, and a liquid storage dryer 21 is connected between the connecting line of the second electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve and the connecting line of the fourth electronic expansion valve and the fifth electronic expansion valve. The other two interfaces of the four-way valve 23 are respectively communicated with a refrigerating fluid inlet of the electric compressor 24 and a refrigerating fluid outlet of the electric compressor 24;
the first electromagnetic valve 8, the motor heat exchanger 9 and the third three-way electromagnetic valve 19 form a heat pump air conditioner auxiliary system.
Three interfaces of the third three-way electromagnetic valve 19 are respectively communicated with the indoor heat exchanger 17, the four-way valve 23 and the motor heat exchanger 9, and the working mode of the third three-way electromagnetic valve 19 is controlled to realize the switching between the main system and the auxiliary system of the heat pump air conditioner.
All of the above components and devices are commercially available.
The working process and working principle of the embodiment are as follows:
(1) Working process and working principle during heating operation:
the heating process is performed in 3 parts. The heating process is shown in fig. 2. When the heat pump system is started, the intelligent heat pump air conditioner master controller 25 controls the motor controller 2 to enable the motor to quickly heat for quick heating. Simultaneously, the first three-way electromagnetic valve 5, the second electronic expansion valve 11 and the second three-way electromagnetic valve 18 are controlled, and the motor circulating water first auxiliary system is opened; the heat of the motor directly heats the indoor heat exchanger 17 through circulating water to achieve the heating effect, and the intelligent heat pump air conditioner master controller 25 obtains the indoor temperature (namely the temperature in the car) through the indoor temperature regulator 28 and the indoor temperature sensor 27 to preset the value and the actual temperature, and adjusts the opening of the second electronic expansion valve 11 to achieve the preset effect.
In the second heating process, as shown in fig. 3, when the difference between the preset indoor temperature value and the actual temperature value is reduced to 80% of the initial time, the intelligent heat pump air conditioner master controller 25 controls the third electronic expansion valve 12 and the second three-way electromagnetic valve 18, opens the second auxiliary system of the motor circulating water, and heats the outdoor heat exchanger 14 by using the circulating water, so as to reduce the indoor and outdoor temperature difference. The intelligent heat pump air conditioner master controller 25 obtains the preset indoor temperature and the actual indoor temperature through the indoor temperature regulator 28 and the indoor temperature sensor 27, and adjusts the opening of the second electronic expansion valve 11. Meanwhile, the outdoor temperature is acquired through the outdoor temperature sensor 26, the opening degree of the third electronic expansion valve 12 is controlled, the heat exchange efficiency of the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is improved, and defrosting is performed.
Meanwhile, the intelligent heat pump air conditioner master controller 25 controls the starting of the heat pump air conditioner master system for indoor heating.
Heat pump circulation system: the electric compressor 24- > the four-way valve 23- > the third three-way solenoid valve 19- > the indoor heat exchanger 17- > the third solenoid valve 16- > the receiver drier 21- > the fifth electronic expansion valve 22- > the outdoor heat exchanger 14- > the four-way valve 23- > the electric compressor 24.
As shown in fig. 4, when the indoor temperature gradually approaches the preset indoor temperature value, the intelligent heat pump air conditioner controller 25 controls the opening of the second electronic expansion valve 11 to gradually decrease until the motor circulating water first auxiliary system is turned off. Similarly, the outdoor temperature is acquired by the outdoor temperature sensor 26, and the opening degree of the third electronic expansion valve 12 is controlled to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the outdoor heat exchanger 14 and defrost.
(2) Working process and working principle during refrigeration operation
The intelligent heat pump air conditioner master controller 25 controls the starting of the heat pump air conditioner master system to realize indoor refrigeration.
Refrigeration cycle system: the electric compressor 24- > the four-way valve 23- > the outdoor heat exchanger 14- > the second solenoid valve 15- > the reservoir dryer 21- > the fourth electronic expansion valve 20- > the indoor heat exchanger 17- > the third three-way solenoid valve 19- > the four-way valve 23- > the electric compressor 24.
In the refrigeration mode, the intelligent heat pump air conditioner master controller 25 judges the temperature of the circulating water through the circulating water temperature sensor 4, and only turns on the motor circulating water master system to radiate heat to the motor driving system through the water pump 1 when the circulating water temperature is lower than the temperature threshold, as shown in fig. 5. When the temperature of the circulating water is higher than the temperature threshold value, the intelligent heat pump air conditioner master controller 25 opens the first electromagnetic valve 8, switches the working state of the third three-way electromagnetic valve 19, and uses the air conditioning system to assist in heat dissipation, so that the temperature of the circulating water is further reduced, and the ideal heat dissipation effect is achieved, as shown in fig. 6.
The invention realizes the comprehensive management of heat of the heat pump air conditioning system and the motor driving system of the electric automobile, and can improve the endurance mileage of the electric automobile by more than 30% in a heating mode compared with the PTC heating mode of the current electric automobile.
According to the invention, under an air-conditioning heating mode, the motor driving system is used as a heating source, the heating performance of the motor is fully utilized, the heat of the motor driving system is recovered, the load of an external heat exchanger during heating is reduced, the intelligent control of the heat pump system is realized, and the energy efficiency ratio of the system is improved.
The invention realizes the intelligent control of heating and refrigerating of the heat pump air conditioning system by recovering the heat of the motor driving system, and effectively solves the defrosting problem during heating operation.
In the air-conditioning refrigeration mode, the air-conditioning cooling system is assisted on the motor circulating water main system to avoid overheat of the motor driving system, heat dissipation of the motor driving system is enhanced, heat safety of the motor driving system is guaranteed, heat damage to the motor driving system is avoided, reliability of the system is improved, and service life of the system is prolonged.
The foregoing describes specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, and that various changes or modifications can be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the claims without affecting the essential content of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. An efficient intelligent heat pump air conditioner management system for an electric automobile is characterized in that the management system comprises:
the motor circulating water main system is formed by sequentially and circularly communicating a water pump (1), a first three-way electromagnetic valve (5), a first electronic expansion valve (6) and a first heat exchange loop of a motor heat exchanger (9) through a water pipe, wherein a circulating water temperature sensor (4) is arranged on the water pipe;
the motor circulating water auxiliary system is formed by sequentially and circularly communicating a second electronic expansion valve (11), a third electronic expansion valve (12), a first heat exchange loop of an outdoor heat exchanger (14), a second three-way electromagnetic valve (18) and a first heat exchange loop of an indoor heat exchanger (17) through a water pipe; the third interface of the first three-way electromagnetic valve (5) is also communicated with a water pipe between the second electronic expansion valve (11) and the third electronic expansion valve (12), and the third interface of the second three-way electromagnetic valve is also communicated with a water pipe between the motor heat exchanger and the water pump;
the heat pump air conditioner main system is formed by sequentially and circularly communicating a second heat exchange loop of an outdoor heat exchanger, a mode switching loop, a second heat exchange loop of an indoor heat exchanger, a third three-way electromagnetic valve (19) and a four-way valve (23) through a refrigerating fluid pipeline; in the mode switching loop: the first branch is formed by connecting a second electromagnetic valve (15) and a third electromagnetic valve (16) in series, the second branch connected in parallel with the first branch is formed by connecting a fourth electronic expansion valve (20) and a fifth electronic expansion valve (22) in series, and a liquid storage dryer (21) is connected between the connecting line of the second electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve and the connecting line of the fourth electronic expansion valve and the fifth electronic expansion valve; the other two interfaces of the four-way valve are respectively communicated with a refrigerating fluid inlet of the electric compressor (24) and a refrigerating fluid outlet of the electric compressor;
the heat pump air conditioner auxiliary system is formed by sequentially and circularly communicating a third interface of a third three-way electromagnetic valve, a second heat exchange loop of the motor heat exchanger, a first electromagnetic valve (8) and a second heat exchange loop of the indoor heat exchanger through a refrigerating fluid pipeline;
the intelligent heat pump air conditioner master controller is electrically connected with the water pump, the motor controller for controlling the motor, the circulating water temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of the water pipe of the motor circulating water master system, the first three-way electromagnetic valve, the second three-way electromagnetic valve, the third three-way electromagnetic valve, the first electronic expansion valve, the second electronic expansion valve, the third electronic expansion valve, the fourth electronic expansion valve, the fifth electronic expansion valve, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the third electromagnetic valve, the four-way valve, the electric compressor, the outdoor temperature sensor, the indoor temperature sensor and the indoor temperature setting device through connecting wires.
2. The efficient intelligent heat pump air conditioner management system for an electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the intelligent heat pump air conditioner main controller is further electrically connected with a first electronic fan (7) for assisting heat exchange of the motor heat exchanger, a second electronic fan (10) for assisting heat exchange of the indoor heat exchanger and a third electronic fan (13) for assisting heat exchange of the outdoor heat exchanger through connecting wires.
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| CN201611030814.5A CN106515367B (en) | 2016-11-22 | 2016-11-22 | Efficient intelligent heat pump air conditioning system for electric automobile |
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| CN201611030814.5A CN106515367B (en) | 2016-11-22 | 2016-11-22 | Efficient intelligent heat pump air conditioning system for electric automobile |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108312805B (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2019-12-24 | 英格索兰（中国）工业设备制造有限公司 | Control method and control device of air conditioning unit |
| CN108859738A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-11-23 | 夏文斌 | A kind of motor radiator arragement construction of new-energy automobile |
| CN112193014A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-01-08 | 河南科技大学 | Electric tractor integrated thermal management system and control method |
| CN113335026B (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2022-06-17 | 曼德电子电器有限公司 | Cooling circulation system for electric vehicle motor battery cooling and heat pump and operation method |
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| DE102010051471A1 (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2012-05-16 | Audi Ag | Vehicle with air conditioning |
| KR20120120660A (en) * | 2011-04-25 | 2012-11-02 | 한라공조주식회사 | Air conditioning system of vehicle and method for controlling the same |
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