KR101281725B1 - High efficiency heat pump system driven by gas engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A high-efficiency gas engine type heat pump system is provided to improve air intake-charging efficiency of a gas engine by exchanging the heat of underground water and air intake to the gas engine, thereby improving the combustion efficiency of the gas engine. CONSTITUTION: A high-efficiency gas engine type heat pump system comprises a heat pump, a cooling-and-heating water line, an engine cooling water line, an underground water circulation line, an air exhaust heat exchange unit (71), and a defrosting water circulation pump (72). The heat pump includes a compressor (11), a four-way valve (12), an outdoor unit, first to third heat exchangers (14-16), and first to fourth expansion valves (17-20). The compressor is driven by a gas engine and compresses a refrigerant. The first to third heat exchangers exchanges heat respectively with the cooling-and-heating water, the engine cooling water, and the underground water. The first to fourth expansion valves respectively decompresses the refrigerant flowing from the first heat exchanger, the outdoor unit, or the third heat exchanger by a wire drawing effect. The air exhaust heat exchange unit exchanges heat with an exhaust pipe of the gas engine. The defrosting water circulates the air exhaust heat exchange unit and the outdoor unit via a defrosting water circulation line.

Description

High efficiency heat pump system driven by gas engine

The present invention relates to a high efficiency gas engine type heat pump system, and more particularly, to a high efficiency gas engine type heat pump system capable of efficiently producing cold and hot water for cooling and heating using a gas engine type heat pump.

In general, a gas engine type heat pump is a heat pump in which a compressor is driven by a gas engine.

Such gas engine type heat pump technology is Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1170712 (2012.8.2. Announcement), the prior art is composed of geothermal heat circuit to increase the heating and cooling performance, as well as hot water boiler The present invention relates to a gas engine heat pump cooling and heating system using geothermal heat for maximizing energy efficiency by increasing hot water efficiency, and is characterized by increasing efficiency of cooling and heating performance by using geothermal heat.

However, this prior art shows an attempt to improve the efficiency of heating and cooling performance, but there is a problem that is insufficient to optimize the operation state of the gas engine according to the characteristics of the gas engine type heat pump called gas engine operation, which results in low energy utilization There was this.

In order to solve the problems as described above, the present invention maximizes the energy utilization by maximizing the utilization of geothermal and engine heat while maintaining the operating state of the gas engine, thereby resulting in overall operation The purpose is to provide a high efficiency gas engine type heat pump system that can reduce the maintenance cost.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency gas engine heat pump system that can maximize the energy of the operation of the gas engine as well as minimize the emission of air pollutants due to the operation of the gas engine. .

As a means for solving the problems as described above, the high efficiency gas engine type heat pump system of the present invention,

A compressor driven by a gas engine to compress the refrigerant,

Four-way valve to switch the flow direction of the refrigerant by switching the flow path,

An outdoor unit in which a refrigerant flows and heat exchanges with the atmosphere,

A first heat exchanger in which a refrigerant flows and heat-exchanges with cooling and heating water,

A second heat exchanger in which the refrigerant flows and heat exchanges with the engine coolant,

A third heat exchanger in which the refrigerant flows and heat exchanges with the underground circulation water,

A first expansion valve for reducing the pressure of the refrigerant flowing from the first heat exchanger through the throttling action,

A second expansion valve for depressurizing the refrigerant flowing from the outdoor unit or the first heat exchanger through a throttling action;

A third expansion valve for depressurizing the refrigerant flowing from the outdoor unit or the third heat exchanger through a throttling action;

A heat pump including a fourth expansion valve for reducing the refrigerant flowing from the first heat exchanger through a throttling action;

Heating and cooling water circulation pump for forced circulation of heating and cooling water,

Cold water tank to store cold water,

Hot water tank to store hot water and

A pipe line connecting the first heat exchanger, the cold water tank, and the hot water tank, respectively, and a cooling / heating line including a first three-way valve for selectively flowing the cooling / heating water discharged from the first heat exchanger to the cold water tank or the hot water tank;

An engine coolant line including a coolant circulation pump for forced circulation of the coolant and configured to selectively circulate the coolant passing through the gas engine to heat exchange by selectively circulating the hot water tank and the first heat exchanger;

Underground heat exchanger and buried underground

Including underground circulation water pump for forced circulation of underground circulation water,

An underground circulation line for circulating underground circulation water through an underground heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, and a cold water tank;

An exhaust heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the gas engine exhaust pipe and

It includes a defrost water circulation pump for forced circulation of defrost water,

Defrost water line through which the defrost water circulates the exhaust heat exchange unit and the outdoor unit;

Intake heat exchanger for heat exchange with gas engine intake pipe and

Including the intake cooling water circulation pump for forced circulation of the intake cooling water,

An engine intake cooling water line through which the intake air cooling water circulates the intake heat exchange unit and the third heat exchanger; And

A recycle exhaust gas heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the exhaust gas recycle tube of the gas engine, and

It comprises a recycle exhaust gas cooling water circulation pump forcibly circulating the recycle exhaust gas cooling water,

Wherein the recycle exhaust gas cooling water comprises a recycle exhaust gas heat exchange portion and a recycle exhaust gas cooling water line circulating the hot water tank;

When hot water is generated, the refrigerant is circulated in the order of a compressor, a four-way valve, a first heat exchanger, a first expansion valve, an outdoor unit, a four-way valve, and a compressor to generate hot water in the first heat exchanger. And selectively use a second refrigerant circulation system in which the refrigerant circulates in the order of the first heat exchanger, the fourth expansion valve, the third heat exchanger, the four-way valve, and the compressor to generate hot water in the first heat exchanger.

During the cold water generation, the refrigerant is circulated in the order of the compressor, the four-way valve, the outdoor unit, the third expansion valve, the first heat exchanger, the four-way valve, and the compressor to generate cold water in the first heat exchanger. A fourth refrigerant circulation system selectively generating a cold water in the first heat exchanger by circulating the refrigerant in the order of the valve, the third heat exchanger, the third expansion valve, the first heat exchanger, the four-way valve, and the compressor,

Power control means for controlling the transmission of power from the gas engine to the compressor is further provided between the gas engine and the compressor.

Through the problem solving means as described above, the high efficiency gas engine heat pump system of the present invention can maximize the heat and engine heat of the present invention has the effect of improving the heating and cooling performance of the heat pump and energy saving, and also the operating state of the gas engine By maintaining the optimum state, it is possible to reduce the fuel cost and extend the life of the gas engine.

In particular, the defrosting operation is performed by using waste heat from the exhaust gas of the gas engine, and the fuel saving effect can be achieved. By heat-exchanging the hot water of the gas and the hot water tank, the temperature of the hot water is increased and the temperature of the recycle exhaust gas is reduced, thereby reducing the nitrogen oxide emission and saving energy.

1 to 4 is a piping diagram schematically showing a high efficiency gas engine heat pump system and its operation principle according to the present invention.

A preferred embodiment of the high efficiency gas engine type heat pump system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 4 is a piping diagram schematically showing a high efficiency gas engine heat pump system and its operation principle according to the present invention.

1 to 4, the high-efficiency gas engine heat pump system according to the present invention is a heat pump in which the refrigerant is circulated through the phase change and heat exchange, the heating and cooling line for cooling and cooling water heat exchange, the gas engine 10 To increase the intake filling efficiency of the engine coolant line in which the engine coolant heats and circulates, the underground circulation line in which the underground circulating water heats and circulates, the defrost water line in which the defrost water for defrosting operation circulates, and circulates the gas engine (10) The engine intake cooling water line for circulating through the heat exchanger for the intake cooling water and the recirculation exhaust gas cooling water line for circulating and recirculating the exhaust gas cooling water for heat exchange to increase the intake filling efficiency when the exhaust gas is recycled.

Specifically, the heat pump is driven by the gas engine 10 to compress the refrigerant 11, the four-way valve 12 to switch the flow direction of the refrigerant by switching the flow path, the refrigerant flows and exchanges heat with the atmosphere The outdoor unit 13, a first heat exchanger 14 in which a refrigerant flows and heat-exchanges with cooling and heating water, a second heat exchanger 15 in which a refrigerant flows and heat-exchanges with the engine coolant, and a refrigerant that flows and heat-exchanges with underground circulation water. 3 Refrigerant flowing from the first expansion valve 17, the outdoor unit 13, or the first heat exchanger 14 to depressurize the refrigerant introduced from the heat exchanger 16 and the first heat exchanger 14 by throttling. A third expansion valve 19 and a first heat exchanger for reducing the pressure introduced from the second expansion valve 18, the outdoor unit 13, or the third heat exchanger 16 through the throttling action through the throttling action; A fourth expansion for depressurizing the refrigerant flowing in from 14) through throttling; It is configured to include the bracket 20.

In addition, between the gas engine 10 and the compressor 11 is further provided with a power control means (CT) for controlling the transmission of power from the gas engine to the compressor, such a power control means (CT) to provide a rotational force, such as a clutch Anything that can be transmitted or interrupted can be used and can be manipulated by the control means (control unit).

The air-conditioning line is a cooling and cooling water circulation pump 41 for forced circulation of cooling and heating water, a cold water tank 42 for storing cold water for cooling and cold water supply, a hot water tank 43 for storing hot water for heating and hot water supply And pipes connecting the first heat exchanger 14, the cold water tank 42, and the hot water tank 43, respectively, and supply the cooling and heating water discharged from the first heat exchanger 14 to the cold water tank 42 or the hot water tank ( And a first three-way valve 45 for selectively flowing to 43.

The engine coolant line includes a coolant circulation pump 51 for forced circulation of the coolant, and the coolant passing through the gas engine 10 includes a hot water tank 43, a first heat exchanger 14, and a second heat exchanger ( It is configured to selectively heat exchange 15).

To this end, second and third three-way valves 52 and 53 and a fifth valve V5 to be described later are provided, and the second and third three-way valves 52 and 53 are provided with a hot water tank 43 and a second heat exchanger. The cooling water circulation to the unit 15 is controlled, and the fifth valve V5 performs the function of controlling the circulation to the first heat exchanger 14.

The underground circulating water line includes an underground heat exchanger 61 buried underground and an underground circulating water circulation pump 62 for forced circulation of the underground circulating water, and includes an underground heat exchanger 61 and a third heat exchanger ( 16) and the cold water tank 42 is configured to circulate the underground circulating water, which is circulated through the underground heat exchanger 61 to the cold water tank 42 is controlled through the fourth three-way valve (63). . That is, when circulation of the underground circulation water to the cold water tank 42 is required, the fourth three-way valve 63 is controlled so that the underground circulation water is supplied to the cold water tank 42. ) To block the underground circulation water supply to the cold water tank (42).

The defrost water line includes an exhaust heat exchanger 71 for exchanging heat with a gas engine 10 exhaust pipe (not shown) and a defrost water circulation pump 72 forcibly circulating the defrost water, and the defrost water is an exhaust heat exchanger. It is configured to circulate the 71 and the outdoor unit 13, which is to prevent the frost generated in the outdoor unit 13 during the winter, the heating capacity is reduced, such as exhaust manifold (Exhaust manifold) of the gas engine 10 By utilizing the exhaust heat discharged from the exhaust pipe of the outdoor unit 13, there is an advantage that can perform the defrosting operation without consuming extra energy.

In the defrosting operation by the defrost water line, when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor (not shown) installed in the exhaust pipe is below a predetermined temperature, the power transmission from the gas engine 10 to the compressor 11 is performed by the power control means ( CT) is configured to be cut off, and if the predetermined temperature or more is preferably configured to stop the operation of the gas engine 10, through this, if the temperature of the exhaust pipe is above a certain temperature through the operation stop of the gas engine (10) Energy consumption can be reduced.

The engine intake cooling water line includes an intake heat exchange unit 81 for exchanging heat with the intake pipe of the gas engine 10 and a circulation pump 82 for intake cooling water forcibly circulating the intake cooling water, and the intake cooling water is intaked. It is configured to circulate the heat exchange unit 81 and the third heat exchanger 16, which is to increase the filling efficiency of the intake air sucked into the gas engine 10, such as when the atmospheric temperature is high, the intake manifold of the gas engine 10 The intake air intakes through intake pipes such as intake mainfold to exchange heat with the underground circulation water to lower the temperature of the intake air, which leads to complete combustion of the gas engine 10, thereby saving fuel, reducing energy efficiency, and air pollution. It has advantages such as reduction of material emission.

The recirculation exhaust gas cooling water line includes a recirculation exhaust gas heat exchanger 91 for exchanging heat with the exhaust gas recirculation tube of the gas engine 10 and a recirculation exhaust gas cooling water circulation pump 92 for forced recirculation of the recirculation exhaust gas cooling water. It is configured to include, and the recycle exhaust gas cooling water is configured to circulate the recycle exhaust gas heat exchange unit 91 and the hot water tank 43, which is to reduce the emissions of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas in the gas engine 10 In applying the exhaust gas recirculation method of supplying a portion of the gas to the intake side, the intake filling efficiency of the intake air is prevented from being reduced by the high temperature exhaust gas recirculation. By exchanging heat, the temperature of the hot water in the hot water tank 43 can be increased, as well as the nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gas recirculation. It has the advantage of reducing output and at the same time to increase combustion efficiency.

In addition, in the present invention, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, the first to fifth valve (V1, V2, V3, V4, V5) and the check valve (C) to control the circulation of the refrigerant and engine coolant, etc. Is further provided.

In addition, the high efficiency gas engine type heat pump system according to the present invention is provided with a control unit (not shown), the four-way valve 12, the first to fourth three-way valve (45, 52, 53, 63), the first to The fifth valves V1, V2, V3, V4, and V5 and various pumps are controlled.

Through the configuration as described above will be described in detail the operation of the high-efficiency gas engine heat pump system according to the present invention.

First, a process of generating hot water will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the four-way valve 12 is connected with A and D, the first and third valves V1 and V3 are opened, and the second and third 4 The valves (V2, V4) are closed, which causes the refrigerant to flow through the compressor (11)-> four-way valve (12)-> first heat exchanger (14)-> first expansion valve (17)-> The refrigerant circulates in the order of the outdoor unit 13-> four-way valve 12-> the compressor 11 to form a first refrigerant circulation system that generates hot water in the first heat exchanger 14.

Here, the first heat exchanger 14 serves as a condenser and the outdoor unit 13 functions as an evaporator.

And a part of the refrigerant passing through the compressor (11)-> four-way valve (12)-> first heat exchanger (14) is the second expansion valve (18)-> second heat exchanger (15)-> compressor The refrigerant is circulated in the order of (11) to reduce the temperature of the cooling water.

In addition, when describing another process (process using geothermal heat) to generate hot water, as shown in Figure 2, the four-way valve 12 is connected to A and D, the second and fourth valves (V2, V4) ) Opens and the first and third valves (V1, V3) are closed, which causes the refrigerant to flow through the compressor (11)-> four-way valve (12)-> first heat exchanger (14)-> fourth. The refrigerant circulating in the order of expansion valve (20)-> third heat exchanger (16)-> four-way valve (12)-> compressor (11) to generate hot water in the first heat exchanger (14). 2 A refrigerant circulation system is achieved.

In the process of generating hot water, the first three-way valve 45 is connected to A and C so that hot water heated in the first heat exchanger 14 is supplied to the hot water tank 43.

In the process of generating hot water, the first and second refrigerant circulation systems may be selectively used through a controller in consideration of outdoor air, geothermal heat, and the like.

Referring to the process of generating cold water, as shown in FIG. 3, the four-way valve 12 is connected with A and B, the third valve V3 is opened, and the first, second, and fourth valves V1. , V2 and V4 are closed, which causes the refrigerant to flow through the compressor (11)-> four-way valve (12)-> outdoor (13)-> third expansion valve (19)-> first heat exchanger ( 14)-> four-way valve (12)-> compressor 11 in order to circulate to form a third refrigerant circulation system for generating cold water in the first heat exchanger (14).

Here, a part of the refrigerant passing through the compressor (11)-> four-way valve (12)-> outdoor unit (13) is the second expansion valve (18)-> second heat exchanger (15)-> compressor (11). The refrigerant is circulated in order to lower the temperature of the cooling water.

In addition, referring to another process of generating cold water (process using geothermal heat), as shown in FIG. 4, the four-way valve 12 is connected to A and B, and the first, second and fourth valves ( V1, V2, V4 are opened and the third valve V3 is closed, which causes the refrigerant to flow from the compressor 11-> four-way valve 12-> third heat exchanger 16-> third. The refrigerant circulates in the order of expansion valve (19)-> first heat exchanger (14)-> four-way valve (12)-> compressor (11) to generate cold water in the first heat exchanger (14). 4 A refrigerant circulation system is achieved.

In the process of generating cold water, the first three-way valve 45 is connected to A and B so that hot water heated in the first heat exchanger 14 is supplied to the hot water tank 43.

In the process of generating the cold water, the third and fourth refrigerant circulation systems may be selectively used through the controller in consideration of outdoor air, geothermal heat, and the like.

In the high-efficiency gas engine type heat pump system according to the present invention, the cooling water circulation pipe of the cooling water line is connected to the first heat exchanger 14 to exchange heat, thereby rapidly increasing the temperature of the engine during the initial operation of the gas engine 10 to increase combustion efficiency. It is configured to be.

Through the configuration and operation process as described above, the high-efficiency gas engine heat pump system according to the present invention can be operated at an optimum efficiency by appropriately utilizing external atmosphere and geothermal heat. By exchanging heat, it is possible to keep the engine in an optimal operating state and to utilize engine waste heat, and above all, to minimize the pollutants emitted while operating the gas engine heat pump system at the optimum efficiency.

10: gas engine 11: compressor
12: Four-way valve 13: Outdoor unit
14: first heat exchanger 15: second heat exchanger
16: 3rd heat exchanger 17: 1st expansion valve
18: second expansion valve 19: third expansion valve
20: fourth expansion valve
41: cooling and cooling water circulation pump 42: cold water tank
43: hot water tank 45: the first three-way valve
51: cooling water circulation pump 52: second three-way valve
53: third three-way valve
61: underground heat exchanger 62: underground circulation water circulation pump
63: fourth three-way valve
71: exhaust heat exchanger 72: defrost water circulation pump
81: intake heat exchanger 82: intake cooling water circulation pump
91: recycle exhaust gas heat exchanger 92: recycle exhaust gas cooling water circulation pump
V1: first valve V2: second valve
V3: third valve V4: fourth valve
V5: fifth valve C: check valve
CT: power control means

Claims (2)

A compressor driven by a gas engine to compress the refrigerant,
Four-way valve to switch the flow direction of the refrigerant by switching the flow path,
An outdoor unit in which a refrigerant flows and heat exchanges with the atmosphere,
A first heat exchanger in which a refrigerant flows and heat-exchanges with cooling and heating water,
A second heat exchanger in which the refrigerant flows and heat exchanges with the engine coolant,
A third heat exchanger in which the refrigerant flows and heat exchanges with the underground circulation water,
A first expansion valve for reducing the pressure of the refrigerant flowing from the first heat exchanger through the throttling action,
A second expansion valve for depressurizing the refrigerant flowing from the outdoor unit or the first heat exchanger through a throttling action;
A third expansion valve for depressurizing the refrigerant flowing from the outdoor unit or the third heat exchanger through a throttling action;
A heat pump including a fourth expansion valve for reducing the refrigerant flowing from the first heat exchanger through a throttling action;

Heating and cooling water circulation pump for forced circulation of heating and cooling water,
Cold water tank to store cold water,
Hot water tank to store hot water and
A pipe line connecting the first heat exchanger, the cold water tank, and the hot water tank, respectively, and a cooling / heating line including a first three-way valve for selectively flowing the cooling / heating water discharged from the first heat exchanger to the cold water tank or the hot water tank;

An engine coolant line including a coolant circulation pump for forced circulation of the coolant and configured to selectively circulate the coolant passing through the gas engine to heat exchange by selectively circulating the hot water tank and the first heat exchanger;

Underground heat exchanger and buried underground
Including underground circulation water pump for forced circulation of underground circulation water,
An underground circulation line for circulating underground circulation water through an underground heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, and a cold water tank;

An exhaust heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the gas engine exhaust pipe and
It includes a defrost water circulation pump for forced circulation of defrost water,
Defrost water line through which the defrost water circulates the exhaust heat exchange unit and the outdoor unit;

Intake heat exchanger for heat exchange with gas engine intake pipe and
Including the intake cooling water circulation pump for forced circulation of the intake cooling water,
An engine intake cooling water line through which the intake air cooling water circulates the intake heat exchange unit and the third heat exchanger; And

A recycle exhaust gas heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the exhaust gas recycle tube of the gas engine, and
It comprises a recycle exhaust gas cooling water circulation pump forcibly circulating the recycle exhaust gas cooling water,
Wherein the recycle exhaust gas cooling water comprises a recycle exhaust gas heat exchange portion and a recycle exhaust gas cooling water line circulating the hot water tank;

When hot water is generated, the refrigerant is circulated in the order of a compressor, a four-way valve, a first heat exchanger, a first expansion valve, an outdoor unit, a four-way valve, and a compressor to generate hot water in the first heat exchanger. And selectively use a second refrigerant circulation system in which the refrigerant circulates in the order of the first heat exchanger, the fourth expansion valve, the third heat exchanger, the four-way valve, and the compressor to generate hot water in the first heat exchanger.
During the cold water generation, the refrigerant is circulated in the order of the compressor, the four-way valve, the outdoor unit, the third expansion valve, the first heat exchanger, the four-way valve, and the compressor to generate cold water in the first heat exchanger. A fourth refrigerant circulation system selectively generating a cold water in the first heat exchanger by circulating the refrigerant in the order of the valve, the third heat exchanger, the third expansion valve, the first heat exchanger, the four-way valve, and the compressor,
Power control means for controlling the transmission of power from the gas engine to the compressor is further provided between the gas engine and the compressor.
High efficiency gas engine heat pump system
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