CN106513952A - Electric arc welding defect inhibition method - Google Patents
Electric arc welding defect inhibition method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106513952A CN106513952A CN201610993873.6A CN201610993873A CN106513952A CN 106513952 A CN106513952 A CN 106513952A CN 201610993873 A CN201610993873 A CN 201610993873A CN 106513952 A CN106513952 A CN 106513952A
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- current
- welding
- weld seam
- current collector
- weld
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/095—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/24—Features related to electrodes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Resistance Welding (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an electric arc welding defect inhibition method. The electric arc welding defect inhibition method is characterized by reducing path cross section area of welding current flowing back to a welding power supply in the welding process via a current collector so as to form high current density on just solidified surfaces of welded joints, reducing the cooling speed of the welded joints by using joule heat generated by the current, improving plasticity of solidified areas of the welded joints by using electroplastic effect of the current, reducing metal inner stress and reducing occurrence probability of welding defects. Through the electric arc welding defect inhibition method, the high-density welding current is used for processing the material structures of the welded joints, so that the problems such as cracks, air holes and residual stress of the welded joints and the like can be effectively solved; and the welded joints with more excellent mechanical properties can be further obtained.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to welding manufacture field, more particularly to a kind of defect suppressing method of electric arc welding, concrete application electricity
The heat effect of stream and Electroplastic solve weld defect, to improve the weld defect suppressing method of plastic property of weld bead.
Background technology
Weld defect not only brings difficulty to production, can also bring serious hidden danger and harm in use, in some instances it may even be possible to
Cause catastrophic accident.
Weld crack is one of defect of most serious in weld defect, its not only serious bearing capacity for weakening workpiece
And corrosive power, even if less serious crackle, as stress concentration is caused during use, then become the fracture of various fractures
Source, causes the damage of equipment.As welded inherent characteristicses make its extension and fracture to crackle more sensitive, it is first
Because welding structure is usually present material and geometrically discontinuous, secondly because be the microstructure and mechanical property of welding point not
Uniformly, and due to welding process the residual stress for causing.
Before the defect crack initiation such as crackle in welding structure, very big plastic deformation is produced near its tip.Therefore, exist
Before weld crack extension, if improving the plasticity of weld seam, the generation of weld crack can be effectively prevented from.
Pore in welding point shortcoming very common when being welding, reduces the working sections of weld seam from surface；More
It is a risk that causing penetrability to lack with other shortcoming superpositions, the compactness of weld seam is destroyed.Continuous pore is then structural deterioration
One of reason.The especially welding of fine aluminium and rustproof aluminum alloy.There is the main cause of pore when hydrogen is aluminum and Welded.Hydrogen
Source is mainly the moisture in arc column, the moisture that adsorbed of welding information and mother metal, therebetween welding wire and mother metal appearance oxide-film
Adsorption moisture.The very simply formed pore of the liquid bath of aluminum and aluminium alloy, many gases for dissolving at high temperature are being coagulated by liquid
During knot, dissolubility drastically declines, and in postwelding cooling condensation process, gas has little time to separate, and constitutes gas in being integrated into weld seam
Hole.
Electro plasticity effect be material in the presence of electricity, resistance of deformation reduce, plasticity increase a kind of phenomenon.Plastic deformation
The microcosmic mechanism of deformation shows that the essence of plastic deformation is generation and motion due to a large amount of dislocations.Due to dislocation motion and
Mutual effect, in plastic history, by produce dislocation entanglement and dislocation with second mutually and crystal defect etc. reacts,
So as to hinder the motion of dislocation, processing hardening is formed, makes plastic deformation be difficult to continue.Highdensity pulse current can make material
The energy of interior atoms motion is raised, and changes the activation energy of metal Dislocations, accelerates the speed of motion dislocation, is opened between dislocation
Tangle, help them to overcome the obstacle on its slide surface, thus the plasticity of metal can be greatly enhanced.
Therefore, we eliminate weld seam when temperature is reduced because of splitting that plastic deformation is produced using the Electroplastic of electric current
Stricture of vagina；The resistance heat produced using electric current makes weld seam slowly cool down, and allows welding bubble to have time enough to discharge from weld seam.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of defect suppressing method of electric arc welding.Conventional arc welding procedure is welded
The restriction of metallic character, joint design or welding manner, produces inevitable weld defect in welding process, wherein, weldering
When seam temperature is reduced, interior metal element structure changes, and is cracked due to plastic deformation near tip, weld seam table
Face produces pore because gas lacks time spilling, and the present invention improves the metal of weld seam using the heat effect and Electroplastic of electric current
Plasticity, solves these common weld defects.
A kind of defect suppressing method of electric arc welding, comprises the following steps：
Step S1, one electrode of the source of welding current connect welding gun, and another electrode by switching switch, receive respectively by connection electric current
Storage and workpiece ground wire；
After step S2, the welding gun starting the arc, wire-feed motor is started working, and forms weld seam in surface of the work, by current collector
Interior on-off control source of welding current electrode is connected with workpiece ground wire；
Step S3, welding gun are at the uniform velocity welded on workpiece, and after appearance of weld, current collector reaches the firm resolidified region of weld seam,
And the connection by switch by the source of welding current with ground wire disconnects, the source of welding current, current collector, welding gun, workpiece form loop, this
When weld seam in each position temperature be in reduction trend, current collector from initial position start movement, weld seam is carried out in real time
Process；
The contact area of step S4, current collector and weld seam is less, and electric current collects to form high density electricity in face of weld
Stream, produces a large amount of resistance heats, heat treatment is carried out to weld seam and Electroplastic is processed；
In step S5, weld seam the temperature of each position be in reduce trend, current collector face of weld to roll,
Sliding type follows welding gun movement and specified temp all the time in the firm resolidified region of weld seam is interval interior, until welding process is tied
Beam.
Preferably, in welding process, being contacted in the firm resolidified region of weld seam to the electricity on workpiece using current collector
Stream is assembled, and welding current flows back to the source of welding current by current collector, using the high current density butt welding obtained after aggregation
Stitching firm resolidified region carries out real-time processing.
Preferably, in current loop, current collector obtains higher as electric current is converged with the contact position of weld seam
Electric current density, the resistance heat produced using electric current and Electroplastic, to uncooled weld seam in 50 DEG C to 2500 DEG C temperature ranges
Processed, obtained the more excellent weld seam of mechanical property.
Preferably, making electric current flow back to the path of the source of welding current in workpiece ground wire and electricity by the switch in current collector
Switch between flow collector.
Preferably, source of welding current electrode can be connected by roller, slide block with weld seam, i.e., current collector be roller,
Slide block, makes electric current continue from above-mentioned connector, stably flows through.
Preferably, according to different welding materials and welding procedure, the contact area of current collector and weld seam from
0.01mm2To 300mm2。
It is of the invention compared with traditional welding manufacture mode, have following advantage：
1. during traditional welding manufacture, power electrode is connected with workpiece by way of clamp or screw, in connection
The resistance heat profit produced at part is not used.The present invention more reasonably utilizes resource, reduces the loss of energy.
2. begin to produce plastic deformation when weld seam is cooled to melting zone, and melting zone temperature range is shorter, traditional handicraft
Carry out heat-treating methods effect after middle welding again poor, plastic deformation lifting is less, and there is internal stress, and only weld seam is entered
The process of row processing on real-time can just tackle the problem at its root.
3. the present invention is processed to uncooled weld seam using the Electroplastic of electric current, compares traditional hot-working, can
More efficiently to lift plastic property of weld bead, improve the quality and structural state of weld material.
4. present invention utilizes the Joule heat of high-density current generation, drops while strengthening plastic property of weld bead with heat treatment mode
The rate of cooling of low weld seam, makes the bubble discharge in weld seam.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of welding manufacture method structural representation of raising plastic property of weld bead of the present invention.
The ground wire 5- switching switch 6- sources of welding current of 1- weld seam 2- welding gun 3- current collector 4- workpiece
Specific embodiment
Following for allowing research worker in the industry to have more deep understanding to the present invention, this is specifically described with reference to accompanying drawing
Bright embodiment.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of defect suppressing method of electric arc welding, and which comprises the following steps：
One electrode connection welding gun 2 of step S1, the source of welding current 6, another electrode are received by switching 5 connection electric current of switch
Storage 3 and workpiece ground wire 4, current collector 3 and workpiece ground wire 4 are by switching switch switching.
Step S2, current collector 3 are connected in original state near the weld start position of workpiece, make current collector
3 can rapidly enter station when starting working.
Step S3, the way of contact and contact area that current collector 3 and weld seam 1 are determined according to welding material, make electricity
Stream can be stablized, constantly pass through.
Step S4, the clamping for getting out welding workpiece, by 6 electrode of the on-off control source of welding current in current collector 3
It is connected with workpiece ground wire 4.
Step S5, light electric arc start welding, the molten bath of weld start position start solidification when, current collector 3 is arrived
Up to the firm resolidified region of weld seam, and the connection by switch by the source of welding current 6 with workpiece ground wire 4 disconnects.In 1 firm solidification zone of weld seam
Domain, current collector 3 are slipped on weld seam 1, and weld seam 1 is processed.Electric current is converged in into 1 table of weld seam in current collector 3
Face forms high-density current, heat treatment is carried out to weld seam 1 and Electroplastic is processed so that 1 plastic deformation of weld seam is improved, while drop
1 rate of cooling of low weld seam, makes the bubble discharge in weld seam 1.
Step S6, current collector 31 surface of weld seam to roll, sliding type follow welding gun 2 movement and all the time in weld
The specified temp for stitching 1 firm resolidified region is interval interior, until welding process terminates.
Preferably, 6 electrode of the source of welding current can be connected by roller, slide block with weld seam 1, i.e., current collector 3 is rolling
Wheel, slide block, make electric current continue from above-mentioned connector, stably flow through；Current collector 3 is not melted by the high temperature of weld seam 1,
Will not be viscous glutinous by the metal of weld seam 1, current collector 3 is contacted the pressure for producing and will not produce impact to appearance of weld with weld seam 1.
Preferably, according to different welding materials and welding procedure, the contact area of current collector 3 and weld seam 1 from
0.01mm2To 300mm2。
Preferably, when the source of welding current 6 is the pulse power or alternating current power supply, the lifting to plastic property of weld bead is more obvious.
Preferably, the inventive method is applied to consumable electrode weld seam and non-melt pole electrical arc is welded.
Present invention offer is a kind of to carry out real-time processing to weld seam, improves plastic property of weld bead, and the method for suppressing weld defect passes through
Current collector flows back to the welding current passageway cross-sectional area of the source of welding current in reducing welding process, so as in weld seam just solidification
Surface forms higher electric current density, and the Joule heat produced using electric current allows the rate of cooling for reducing weld seam, using the electricity of electric current
Cause plastic effect to lift the plasticity of weld seam resolidified region, make metal inside stress decrease, reduce the probability that weld defect is produced.
In the present invention, current collection device constitutes loop with power electrode, as shown in figure 1, and follow welding gun to move, weld seam is carried out
Real-time processing.In welding process, current collection device produces high-density current in face of weld, makes atom obtain energy, strengthens
Metallic atom diffusivity, improves the ability that dislocation climbing, sliding are started in crystal grain, so as to improve current weld seam solidification zone
The plasticity in domain.The present invention weld seam material structure is processed using high density welding current, can with effectively solving bead crack,
The problems such as pore, residual stress, further obtain the more superior weld seam of mechanical property.
Claims (6)
1. the defect suppressing method that a kind of electric arc is welded, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step S1, one electrode of the source of welding current connect welding gun, and another electrode connects current collector respectively by switching switch
With workpiece ground wire；
After step S2, the welding gun starting the arc, wire-feed motor is started working, and forms weld seam in surface of the work, by switching on-off control weldering
Connect power electrode to be connected with workpiece ground wire；
Step S3, welding gun are at the uniform velocity welded on workpiece, and after appearance of weld, current collector reaches the firm resolidified region of weld seam, and leads to
Cross the connection switched by the source of welding current with ground wire to disconnect, the source of welding current, current collector, welding gun, workpiece form loop, now weld
In seam, the temperature of each position is in reduction trend along path of welding, and current collector also begins to movement from initial position, to weld seam
Carry out real-time processing；
The contact area of step S4, current collector and weld seam is less, and electric current collects to form high-density current in face of weld, produces
The a large amount of resistance heats of life, carry out heat treatment to weld seam and Electroplastic is processed；
In step S5, weld seam, the temperature of each position is that current collector is in face of weld rolling, slide in the trend of reduction
Mode follows welding gun movement and specified temp all the time in the firm resolidified region of weld seam is interval interior, until welding process terminates.
2. the defect suppressing method that electric arc according to claim 1 is welded, it is characterised in that in welding process, reduces
Current collector contacts the area in the firm resolidified region of weld seam, and the electric current on workpiece is converged, and welding current passes through electric current
Catcher flows back to the source of welding current, carries out real-time processing to the firm resolidified region of weld seam using the high current density obtained after aggregation.
3. the defect suppressing method that electric arc according to claim 1 is welded, it is characterised in that in current loop, electric current are received
The contact position of storage and weld seam obtains higher electric current density as electric current is converged, the resistance heat that produced using electric current and electroluminescent
Plasticity, processes in 50 DEG C to 2500 DEG C temperature ranges to uncooled weld seam, obtains the more excellent weld seam of mechanical property.
4. the defect suppressing method that electric arc according to claim 1 is welded, it is characterised in that make electric current by switching switch
The path for flowing back to the source of welding current switches between workpiece ground wire and current collector.
5. the defect suppressing method that electric arc according to claim 1 is welded, it is characterised in that source of welding current electrode and weld seam
Can by roller, slide block connect, i.e., current collector be roller, slide block, make electric current from above-mentioned connector continue, stably
Flow through.
6. the defect suppressing method that electric arc according to claim 1 is welded, it is characterised in that according to different welding materials
And welding procedure, the contact area of current collector and weld seam is from 0.01mm2To 300mm2。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610993873.6A CN106513952B (en) | 2016-11-11 | 2016-11-11 | A kind of defect suppressing method of arc welding |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610993873.6A CN106513952B (en) | 2016-11-11 | 2016-11-11 | A kind of defect suppressing method of arc welding |
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| CN106513952A true CN106513952A (en) | 2017-03-22 |
| CN106513952B CN106513952B (en) | 2019-02-19 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107328821A (en) * | 2017-08-12 | 2017-11-07 | 深圳市埃塔测控技术有限公司 | A kind of method and apparatus that metal welding seam welding quality is tested with big DC current |
| CN112051144A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-12-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | Pure electro-plasticity auxiliary thermal forming process for hard-material-state high-strength aluminum alloy |
| CN115476023A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2022-12-16 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Arc stud welding method and arc stud welding device |
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| SU1648688A1 (en) * | 1989-05-03 | 1991-05-15 | Д.И.Костаненков | Method of pressure welding |
| CN102974945A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-03-20 | 上海电机学院 | Electro-plastic friction stir spot welding device and method thereof |
| CN104690414A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-06-10 | 天津大学 | Electroplastic ultrasonic spot welding device |
| WO2015200127A1 (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2015-12-30 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Hybrid friction stir welding for dissimilar materials through electro-plastic effect |
| CN105965152A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-09-28 | 北京工业大学 | Current-carrying stationary shoulder friction stir welding method and device for high-strength metal |
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2016
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Patent Citations (6)
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| SU1488156A1 (en) * | 1985-12-25 | 1989-06-23 | Научно-исследовательский и проектно-конструкторский институт по проблемам развития Канско-Ачинского угольного бассейна | Welding method |
| SU1648688A1 (en) * | 1989-05-03 | 1991-05-15 | Д.И.Костаненков | Method of pressure welding |
| CN102974945A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-03-20 | 上海电机学院 | Electro-plastic friction stir spot welding device and method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107328821A (en) * | 2017-08-12 | 2017-11-07 | 深圳市埃塔测控技术有限公司 | A kind of method and apparatus that metal welding seam welding quality is tested with big DC current |
| CN112051144A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-12-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | Pure electro-plasticity auxiliary thermal forming process for hard-material-state high-strength aluminum alloy |
| CN115476023A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2022-12-16 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Arc stud welding method and arc stud welding device |
| CN115476023B (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2024-03-08 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Arc stud welding method and arc stud welding device |
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| CN106513952B (en) | 2019-02-19 |
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