CN106513952B - A kind of defect suppressing method of arc welding - Google Patents
A kind of defect suppressing method of arc welding Download PDFInfo
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- CN106513952B CN106513952B CN201610993873.6A CN201610993873A CN106513952B CN 106513952 B CN106513952 B CN 106513952B CN 201610993873 A CN201610993873 A CN 201610993873A CN 106513952 B CN106513952 B CN 106513952B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/095—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/24—Features related to electrodes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Resistance Welding (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of defect suppressing method of arc welding, reduce the welding current passageway cross-sectional area that the source of welding current is flowed back in welding process by current collector, to form higher current density on the surface that weld seam has just solidified, using electric current generate Joule heat allow reduce weld seam cooling velocity, the plasticity of weld seam resolidified region is promoted using the electro plastic effect of electric current, make metal inside stress decrease, reduces the probability that welding defect generates.The problems such as present invention is handled weld seam material structure using high density welding current, can effectively solve bead crack, stomata, residual stress, further obtains the more superior weld seam of mechanical property.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to welding manufacture field more particularly to a kind of defect suppressing method of arc welding, concrete application electricity
The fuel factor and Electroplastic of stream solve weld defect, to improve the welding defect suppressing method of plastic property of weld bead.
Background technique
Welding defect not only brings difficulty to production, can also bring serious hidden danger and harm in use, in some instances it may even be possible to
Cause catastrophic accident.
Weld crack is one of the defect of most serious in welding defect, its not only serious bearing capacity for weakening workpiece
And corrosive power due to causing stress to concentrate in use process, then becomes the fracture of various fractures even if less serious crackle
The damage of equipment is caused in source.Since welded inherent characteristics keep it more sensitive to the extension of crackle and fracture, it is first
Because welding structure is usually present material and geometrically discontinuous, secondly because be the microstructure and mechanical property of welding point not
Uniformly, and the residual stress due to caused by welding process.
Before the crack initiation of the defects of crackle in welding structure, very big plastic deformation is generated near its tip.Therefore, exist
Before weld crack extension, if improving the plasticity of weld seam, the generation of weld crack can be effectively avoided.
Stomata in welding point disadvantage very common when being welding, reduces the working sections of weld seam from surface；More
It is a risk that causing penetrability to lack with other shortcoming superpositions, the compactness of weld seam is destroyed.Continuous pore is then that structure is destroyed
One of reason.The especially welding of fine aluminium and rustproof aluminum alloy.The main reason for stomata occurs when hydrogen is aluminium and aluminum alloy piping welding.Hydrogen
Source is mainly moisture, welding information and the adsorbed moisture of base material in arc column, therebetween welding wire and base material appearance oxidation film
Adsorption moisture.The very simply formed stomata of the liquid bath of aluminium and aluminium alloy, many gases dissolved at high temperature are coagulated by liquid
When knot, solubility sharply declines, and gas has little time to separate in the cooling condensation process of postwelding, and is integrated into weld seam and constitutes gas
Hole.
Electro plasticity effect is material under the action of electricity, resistance of deformation reduction, a kind of increased phenomenon of plasticity.Plastic deformation
The microcosmic mechanism of deformation shows that the essence of plastic deformation is the generation and movement due to a large amount of dislocations.Due to dislocation movement and
Mutual effect reacts the entanglement for generating dislocation and dislocation and the second phase and crystal defect etc. in plastic history,
To hinder the movement of dislocation, processing hardening is formed, plastic deformation is made to be difficult to continue.Highdensity pulse current can make material
The energy that interior atoms move increases, the activation energy of change metal Dislocations, the speed of quickening movement dislocation, between opening dislocation
It tangles, them is helped to overcome the obstacle on its slide surface, thus the plasticity of metal can be greatlyd improve.
Therefore, we eliminated using the Electroplastic of electric current weld seam temperature reduce when generated by plastic deformation split
Line；Weld seam is cooled down slowly using the resistance heat that electric current generates, and welding bubble is allowed to have time enough to be discharged from weld seam.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of defect suppressing methods of arc welding.Traditional arc welding technique is welded
The restriction of metallic character, joint structure or welding manner generates inevitable weld defect in the welding process, wherein weldering
When stitching temperature reduces, interior metal element structure changes, and is cracked near tip due to plastic deformation, weld seam table
Face generates stomata due to gas lacks time spilling, and the present invention improves the metal of weld seam using the fuel factor and Electroplastic of electric current
Plasticity solves these common welding defects.
A kind of defect suppressing method of arc welding, comprising the following steps:
Step S1, one electrode of the source of welding current connects welding gun, another electrode is separately connected electric current receipts by switching switch
Storage and workpiece ground wire；
Step S2, after the welding gun starting the arc, wire-feed motor is started to work, and is formed weld seam in workpiece surface, is passed through current collector
Interior switch control source of welding current electrode is connected with workpiece ground wire；
Step S3, welding gun at the uniform velocity welds on workpiece, and after appearance of weld, current collector reaches the rigid resolidified region of weld seam,
And disconnected the connection of the source of welding current and ground wire by switch, the source of welding current, current collector, welding gun, workpiece forming circuit, this
When weld seam in the temperature of each position be in decreasing trend, current collector moves since initial position, carries out to weld seam real-time
Processing；
Step S4, the contact area of current collector and weld seam is smaller, and electric current collects to form high density electricity in face of weld
Stream, generates a large amount of resistance heats, carries out heat treatment to weld seam and Electroplastic is handled；
Step S5, in weld seam the temperature of each position in decreasing trend, current collector face of weld to roll,
Sliding type follows welding gun mobile and is in the specific temperature section of the rigid resolidified region of weld seam always, until welding process knot
Beam.
Preferably, in the welding process, being contacted in the rigid resolidified region of weld seam using current collector to the electricity on workpiece
Stream is assembled, and welding current flows back to the source of welding current by current collector, utilizes the high current density butt welding obtained after aggregation
Rigid resolidified region is stitched to be handled in real time.
Preferably, the contact position of current collector and weld seam is higher since electric current converges to obtain in current loop
Current density, the resistance heat and Electroplastic generated using electric current, to uncooled weld seam in 50 DEG C to 2500 DEG C temperature ranges
It is handled, obtains the more excellent weld seam of mechanical property.
Preferably, making electric current flow back to the path of the source of welding current in workpiece ground wire and electricity by the switch in current collector
Switch between flow collector.
Preferably, source of welding current electrode can be connect with weld seam by idler wheel, sliding block, i.e., current collector be idler wheel,
Sliding block makes electric current continue from above-mentioned connector, steadily flow through.
Preferably, according to different welding material and welding procedure, the contact area of current collector and weld seam from
0.01mm2To 300mm2。
The present invention has following advantage compared with traditional welding manufacture mode:
1. during traditional welding manufacture, power electrode is connected by way of clamp or screw with workpiece, connecting
The resistance heat benefit generated at part is not used.The present invention more reasonably utilizes resource, reduces the loss of energy.
2. weld seam begins to generate plastic deformation when being cooled to melting zone, and melting zone temperature range is shorter, traditional handicraft
It is poor that heat-treating methods effect is carried out after middle welding again, plastic deformation is promoted smaller, and there are internal stress, only to weld seam into
The processing of row processing on real-time can just tackle the problem at its root.
3. the present invention is handled uncooled weld seam using the Electroplastic of electric current, can compared to traditional hot-working
More efficiently to promote plastic property of weld bead, improve the quality and structural state of weld material.
4. being dropped while enhancing plastic property of weld bead with heat treatment mode present invention utilizes the Joule heat that high-density current generates
The bubble in weld seam is discharged in the cooling velocity of low weld seam.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of welding manufacture method structural schematic diagram of raising plastic property of weld bead of the invention.
The ground wire 5- of 1- weld seam 2- welding gun 3- current collector 4- workpiece switches the switch 6- source of welding current
Specific embodiment
Following for allow in the industry researcher to the present invention have more deep understanding, specifically describe this hair in conjunction with attached drawing
Bright embodiment.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of defect suppressing method of arc welding comprising following steps:
Step S1, an electrode of the source of welding current 6 connects welding gun 2, another electrode connects electric current by switching switch 5 and receives
Storage 3 and workpiece ground wire 4, current collector 3 and workpiece ground wire 4 pass through switching switching.
Step S2, current collector 3 is connect in the initial state near the weld start position of workpiece, makes current collector
3 can rapidly enter station when starting to work.
Step S3, the way of contact and contact area that current collector 3 Yu weld seam 1 are determined according to welding material, make electricity
Stream can be stablized, constantly pass through.
Step S4, the clamping of welding workpiece is got out, 6 electrode of the switch control source of welding current in current collector 3 is passed through
It is connected with workpiece ground wire 4.
Step S5, it lights electric arc to start to weld, when the molten bath of weld start position starts solidification, current collector 3 is arrived
The connection of the source of welding current 6 and workpiece ground wire 4 is disconnected up to the rigid resolidified region of weld seam, and by switch.In the rigid solidification zone of weld seam 1
Domain, current collector 3 slip on weld seam 1, handle weld seam 1.Electric current is converged in into 1 table of weld seam in current collector 3
Face forms high-density current, carries out heat treatment to weld seam 1 and Electroplastic is handled, so that 1 plastic deformation of weld seam improves, drop simultaneously
The bubble in weld seam 1 is discharged in low 1 cooling velocity of weld seam.
Step S6, current collector 31 surface of weld seam to roll, sliding type follow welding gun 2 mobile and always in welding
In the specific temperature section for stitching 1 rigid resolidified region, until welding process terminates.
Preferably, 6 electrode of the source of welding current can be connect with weld seam 1 by idler wheel, sliding block, i.e., current collector 3 is rolling
Wheel, sliding block make electric current continue from above-mentioned connector, steadily flow through；Current collector 3 is not melted by the high temperature of weld seam 1,
Will not be viscous glutinous by the metal of weld seam 1, current collector 3 contacts the pressure generated with weld seam 1 and will not have an impact to appearance of weld.
Preferably, according to different welding material and welding procedure, the contact area of current collector 3 and weld seam 1 from
0.01mm2To 300mm2。
Preferably, when the source of welding current 6 is the pulse power or AC power source, it is more obvious to the promotion of plastic property of weld bead.
Preferably, the method for the present invention is suitable for consumable electrode weld seam and non-melt pole electrical arc welds.
The present invention provides a kind of pair of weld seam and is handled in real time, improves plastic property of weld bead, inhibits the method for weld defect, pass through
Current collector, which reduces in welding process, flows back to the welding current passageway cross-sectional area of the source of welding current, thus just solidified in weld seam
Surface forms higher current density, using electric current generate Joule heat allow reduce weld seam cooling velocity, utilize the electricity of electric current
It causes plastic effect to promote the plasticity of weld seam resolidified region, makes metal inside stress decrease, reduce the probability that welding defect generates.?
In the present invention, current collection device and power electrode form circuit, as shown in Figure 1, and follow welding gun mobile, weld seam is carried out
Processing in real time.In welding process, current collection device generates high-density current in face of weld, and atom is made to obtain energy, enhancing
Metallic atom diffusivity improves the ability that dislocation climbing, sliding are started in crystal grain, to improve current weld seam solidification zone
The plasticity in domain.The present invention is handled weld seam material structure using high density welding current, can effectively solve bead crack,
The problems such as stomata, residual stress, further obtains the more superior weld seam of mechanical property.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of defect suppressing method of arc welding, which comprises the following steps:
Step S1, one electrode of the source of welding current connects welding gun, another electrode is separately connected current collector by switching switch
With workpiece ground wire；
Step S2, after the welding gun starting the arc, wire-feed motor is started to work, and forms weld seam in workpiece surface, passes through switching switch control weldering
Power electrode is connect to be connected with workpiece ground wire；
Step S3, welding gun at the uniform velocity welds on workpiece, and after appearance of weld, current collector reaches the rigid resolidified region of weld seam, and leads to
It crosses switching switch to disconnect the connection of the source of welding current and ground wire, the source of welding current, current collector, welding gun, workpiece forming circuit, this
When weld seam in each position temperature along path of welding be in decreasing trend, current collector is moved since initial position is also, right
Weld seam is handled in real time；
Step S4, the contact area of current collector and weld seam is smaller, and electric current collects to form high-density current in face of weld, produces
Raw a large amount of resistance heats carry out heat treatment to weld seam and Electroplastic are handled；
Step S5, the temperature of each position is in decreasing trend in weld seam, and current collector is in face of weld to roll, slide
Mode follows welding gun mobile and is in the temperature range of the rigid resolidified region of weld seam always, until welding process terminates.
2. the defect suppressing method of arc welding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the welding process, reduce
Current collector contacts the area in the rigid resolidified region of weld seam, converges to the electric current on workpiece, welding current passes through electric current
Collector flows back to the source of welding current, is handled in real time using the high current density obtained after aggregation the rigid resolidified region of weld seam.
3. the defect suppressing method of arc welding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in current loop, electric current is received
The contact position of storage and weld seam is since electric current converges to obtain higher current density, the resistance heat and electroluminescent that is generated using electric current
Plasticity handles uncooled weld seam in 50 DEG C to 2500 DEG C temperature ranges, obtains the more excellent weld seam of mechanical property.
4. the defect suppressing method of arc welding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that source of welding current electrode and weld seam
It can be connected by idler wheel, sliding block, i.e., current collector is idler wheel, sliding block, continues electric current from above-mentioned connector, steadily
It flows through.
5. the defect suppressing method of arc welding according to claim 1, which is characterized in that according to different welding materials
And welding procedure, the contact area of current collector and weld seam is from 0.01mm2To 300mm2。
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| CN201610993873.6A CN106513952B (en) | 2016-11-11 | 2016-11-11 | A kind of defect suppressing method of arc welding |
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| CN201610993873.6A CN106513952B (en) | 2016-11-11 | 2016-11-11 | A kind of defect suppressing method of arc welding |
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| CN106513952A CN106513952A (en) | 2017-03-22 |
| CN106513952B true CN106513952B (en) | 2019-02-19 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107328821A (en) * | 2017-08-12 | 2017-11-07 | 深圳市埃塔测控技术有限公司 | A kind of method and apparatus that metal welding seam welding quality is tested with big DC current |
| CN112051144B (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2021-05-07 | 北京航空航天大学 | Pure electro-plasticity auxiliary thermal forming process for hard-material-state high-strength aluminum alloy |
| JP2022190762A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2022-12-27 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Arc stud welding method and arc stud welding apparatus |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1488156A1 (en) * | 1985-12-25 | 1989-06-23 | Научно-исследовательский и проектно-конструкторский институт по проблемам развития Канско-Ачинского угольного бассейна | Welding method |
| SU1648688A1 (en) * | 1989-05-03 | 1991-05-15 | Д.И.Костаненков | Method of pressure welding |
| CN102974945A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-03-20 | 上海电机学院 | Electro-plastic friction stir spot welding device and method thereof |
| CN104690414A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-06-10 | 天津大学 | Electroplastic ultrasonic spot welding device |
| CN105965152A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-09-28 | 北京工业大学 | Current-carrying stationary shoulder friction stir welding method and device for high-strength metal |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9981338B2 (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2018-05-29 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Hybrid friction stir welding for dissimilar materials through electro-plastic effect |
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2016
- 2016-11-11 CN CN201610993873.6A patent/CN106513952B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1488156A1 (en) * | 1985-12-25 | 1989-06-23 | Научно-исследовательский и проектно-конструкторский институт по проблемам развития Канско-Ачинского угольного бассейна | Welding method |
| SU1648688A1 (en) * | 1989-05-03 | 1991-05-15 | Д.И.Костаненков | Method of pressure welding |
| CN102974945A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-03-20 | 上海电机学院 | Electro-plastic friction stir spot welding device and method thereof |
| CN104690414A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-06-10 | 天津大学 | Electroplastic ultrasonic spot welding device |
| CN105965152A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-09-28 | 北京工业大学 | Current-carrying stationary shoulder friction stir welding method and device for high-strength metal |
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