CN106513881B - A kind of device of atmosphere cold plasma jet stream electrical discharge machining - Google Patents
A kind of device of atmosphere cold plasma jet stream electrical discharge machining Download PDFInfo
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- CN106513881B CN106513881B CN201710023496.8A CN201710023496A CN106513881B CN 106513881 B CN106513881 B CN 106513881B CN 201710023496 A CN201710023496 A CN 201710023496A CN 106513881 B CN106513881 B CN 106513881B
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- cold
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- high speed
- plasma jet
- coaxial
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
- B23H1/08—Working media
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
- B23H1/10—Supply or regeneration of working media
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of device of atmosphere cold plasma jet stream electrical discharge machining, belong to mechanical processing and field of tool.The blending agent of this device using cold gas ions jet stream and coaxial high speed jet stream based on cold-plasma jet and the generation of coaxial high speed jet stream complex generator is used as electrical discharge machining medium.Before processing, workpiece, tool-electrode are connected with the corresponding polarity of impulse generator, the position of cold plasma fluid generator and coaxial high speed air current spray nozzle is adjusted, makes electrode tip, workpiece region to be processed, be completely submerged in blending agent.The present invention proposes a kind of device of atmosphere cold plasma jet stream electrical discharge machining, can be under same processing conditions, the material removing rate than higher in pure cold-plasma jet is obtained, than more preferable processing quality in nitrogen jet current and the blending agent of high-velocity jets.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device of atmosphere cold plasma jet stream electrical discharge machining, belong to mechanical processing and instrument
Field.
Background technology
Machining medium has important influence to the efficiency of electrical discharge machining, quality, cost and environment etc..Electrical fire
Flower processing oil and deionization from the liquid mediums such as water be the common machining medium of current electric spark, the common fault of electrical discharge machining in liquid
It is that export license is larger.In addition, by the use of spark processing oil as working solution, there is fire hazard, the gas that is decomposed in processing
There is pollution to environment, after machining, also need to clean workpiece using acetone and other organic solvent.If made with deionized water
For working solution, larger discharging gap and higher process velocity can be obtained, but spuious corruption in processing when water is as working solution
Erosion is serious, can directly influence machining accuracy.1997, there is scholar to propose dry EDM, i.e., made with compressed gas
For machining medium, it the advantage is that electrode wear rate is low.But process in short circuit ratio it is very high (KUNIEDA M, YOSHIDA M,
TANIGUCHI N 1997.Electrical Discharge Machining in Gas.CIRP Annals-
Manufacturing Technology[J],46:143-146.).Also, the used tool electricity of electrical discharge machining in the medium
Pole is mostly hollow edged electrode.But when processing fine structure or feature, the diameter of tool-electrode generally needs usually below 100 μm
To make online, it is extremely difficult less than 100 μm of hollow edged electrode to produce outside diameter online, even if can prepare online, due to micro-
The throttle effect of aperture, it is also difficult to which the gas that processing is used enough is passed through into processing gap by micropore of the diameter less than 100 μm
Stream, this causes relatively difficult to achieve into electric spark fine structure processing in promoting the circulation of qi using the mode of interior jet.Thereafter, though there is scholar's use
The mode of external aeration, electric spark capillary processing is studied into promoting the circulation of qi, but less effective, and short circuit ratio is high in processing, export license
Seriously (LI L Q, ZHU the G Z 2011.Investigate on Micro-EDM in Air (dry MEDM) (more than 30%)
by External Blowing Mode Based on RC Pulse Generator[J]Advanced Materials
Research 317-319:334-340.).Cold-plasma jet under atmospheric pressure is sprayed onto between electrode and workpiece as processing
Medium, can obtain from liquid, the processing effect that dry EDM is different.The hair of Application No. 201610874299.2
Bright patent describes a kind of electric discharge machining method based on cold-plasma jet.When being processed using this method, interpolar state,
Processing efficiency and working gas flow are closely bound up, to obtain preferable interpolar state and higher processing efficiency need use compared with
The high-purity gas of big flow is to remove the galvanic corrosion product produced in processing, if but relying solely on to produce cold-plasma jet
High-purity gas, then cost is very high.Therefore other ancillary methods can be used to help to remove galvanic corrosion product, and on this respect
Correlative study, is not reported so far.
The content of the invention
The present invention is directed to propose a kind of method for improving electrical discharge machining efficiency in atmosphere cold plasma jet stream, the party
Method equipment is simple, it is of low cost, environment is not damaged, be a kind of sustainable manufacturing method.One kind improves atmosphere cold plasma
The method of electrical discharge machining efficiency is made using coaxial high speed jet stream and the blending agent of cold-plasma jet composition in body jet stream
For electrical discharge machining medium, the introducing of coaxial high speed jet stream can increase rate-of flow, accelerate the discharge of galvanic corrosion product, so as to change
Kind interpolar state, improves its processing efficiency.
Be used to producing the device of the blending agent present invention also offers a kind of, the apparatus structure is simple, it is of low cost,
It is easy to operate, it is safe and reliable.
Technical scheme：
A kind of device of atmosphere cold plasma jet stream electrical discharge machining, on the basis of electric spark machine tool, is added
Cold-plasma jet and coaxial high speed jet stream complex generator；
The cold-plasma jet and coaxial high speed jet stream complex generator are including cold-plasma jet and together
The compound generating assembly 9 of axis high-speed jet, number one gas mass flow controller 14, number one pressure reducing valve 15, high-purity work gas
17, No. second pressure reducing valves 18 of gas mass flow controller of source 16, second, high-pressure air source 19, high voltage power supply 20 and universal solid
Fixed rack 21；
High-purity work source of the gas 16 enters cold through number one pressure reducing valve 15 and number one gas mass flow controller 14 successively
Plasma jet and the compound generating assembly 9 of coaxial high speed jet stream, recycling high voltage power supply 20 is to cold-plasma jet and together
Axis high-speed jet answers 9 input voltage of generating assembly and generates cold-plasma jet 10；High-pressure air source 19 is then successively through No. second
Pressure reducing valve 18 and No. second gas mass flow controller 17 enter cold-plasma jet and the compound generation of coaxial high speed jet stream
Component 9 generates coaxial high speed jet stream；Cold-plasma jet 10 and the mixing of coaxial high speed jet stream are blending agent 11；Pass through
Cold-plasma jet and the compound generating assembly 9 of coaxial high speed jet stream are fixed to electric spark machine tool by Universal fixed support 21
On, and utilize its adjusting position；
Cold-plasma jet and the compound generating assembly 9 of coaxial high speed jet stream, including it is coaxial high speed jet nozzle 9-1, close
Cylinder 9-4, pin electrode 9-5, insulation nozzle 9-6 and electric discharge nozzle 9-7 in block head 9-2, end cap 9-3, nozzle；Cylinder 9-4 in nozzle
For cylindrical structure, its central axes is equipped with a blind hole, for installing pin electrode 9-5, in order to ensure the concentricity of the two and make
Pin electrode 9-5 is not fallen off during, and tight slightly transition cooperation or the less interference fit of interference volume are selected between the two；Herein
Several through holes parallel to cylinder 9-4 central axes in nozzle are also evenly equipped with around blind hole, for being passed through high-purity working gas；In nozzle
Cylinder 9-4 is additionally provided with through hole perpendicular to its central axes, which not only can be by accessories such as metal jackscrews by high voltage power supply 20
High-voltage output line be connected with pin electrode 9-5, pin electrode 9-5 can also be carried out further fixed and clamped；Cylinder in nozzle
The front end of 9-4 is equipped with internal thread, and rear end is equipped with external screw thread, and the internal thread of front end and the external screw thread of electric discharge nozzle 9-7, which coordinate, to be installed,
The nozzle 9-7 that discharges is hollow revolving body, and in order to produce compression to air-flow, the inner surface of electric discharge nozzle 9-7 front ends is circle
The conical surface, has a through hole at the center of front end, as the outlet of electric discharge nozzle 9-7, ejects plasma jet 10, and when installation protects
It is coaxial to demonstrate,prove the outlet of pin electrode 9-5 and the nozzle 9-7 that discharges, to ensure to produce stable, uniform cold-plasma jet；In nozzle
The external screw thread of cylinder 9-4 rear ends is then connected with the threaded hole of end cap 9-3 front ends；End cap 9-3 is a hollow cylindric knot
Structure, its rear end are equipped with threaded hole, the threaded hole of rear end and 14 outlet tracheae of number one gas mass flow controller and its match somebody with somebody
Bell and spigot joint is connected；For end cap 9-3 in addition to the respective threaded hole in front and back end, it is additionally provided with external screw thread and seal plug 9-2 rear ends
Threaded hole connection is fixed；Rotary structure also generally hollow seal plug 9-2, threaded hole and the insulation nozzle 9-6 of its front end
External screw thread connection, the structure of insulation nozzle 9-6 is similar with electric discharge nozzle 9-7, its front end also has one to be located on central axes
Through hole, sprays for ensuring not influence the normal of plasma jet 10, and when installation ensures going out for the through hole and electric discharge nozzle 9-7
Mouth is coaxial, while in order to ensure leakproofness, screw thread is rotated when installing insulation nozzle 9-6 and is contacted to it with electric discharge nozzle 9-7；It is close
Block head 9-2 is additionally provided with 2 cabling channels parallel with its center axis, to the high voltage power supply that is connected with pin electrode 9-5 of arranging
Line and the low-tension supply line being connected with electric discharge nozzle 9-7；The external screw thread of seal plug 9-2 and coaxial high speed jet nozzle 9-1 ends
The threaded hole at end coordinates installation；Coaxial high speed jet nozzle 9-1 is located at cold-plasma jet and the compound hair of coaxial high speed jet stream
The outermost of raw component 9, its structure also rotary structure similar and hollow with electric discharge nozzle 9-7；Coaxial high speed jet stream sprays
The inner surface of rear end is cylindrical surface in mouth 9-1, and the inner surface of front end is circular conical surface, in order to eject blending agent 11 or pure
Plasma jet 10, front end equally offer the through hole on central axis, and the through hole should be sprayed with electric discharge after installation is complete
The outlet of mouth 9-7 and the outlet of insulation nozzle 9-6 are coaxial；The side of coaxial high speed jet nozzle 9-1 also has one perpendicular to it
The through hole of central axis, is connected by tracheae and supporting connector with the outlet of No. second gas mass flow controller 17, is used
In being passed through coaxial gases at high pressure.
Coaxial high speed jet nozzle 9-1, seal plug 9-2 and end cap 9-3 to material without particular/special requirement, using machinability
Good material, in order to reduce cost, mitigate dead weight, generally selects common polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), PMMA, nylon etc. nonmetallic
Material.
Pin electrode 9-5 requirement material conductivities are good, fusing point is high, heat/corrosion resistance is good, such as：The metals such as tungsten bar, tungsten carbide
Material.
Cylinder 9-4 and insulation nozzle 9-6 requires insulation resistance good in nozzle, and insulate when temperature is more than 200 DEG C
Performance will not be decreased obviously, therefore the materials such as PEEK, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) can be selected.
As long as the good material of nozzle 9-7 good conductivities, the machining property of discharging, can be selected brass etc..
A kind of method of atmosphere cold plasma jet stream electrical discharge machining, utilizes cold-plasma jet and coaxial high speed
Jet stream complex generator generates the blending agent of cold-plasma jet and coaxial high speed jet stream；During work, by tool-electrode
Connect the anode of impulse generator, workpiece connects the cathode of impulse generator, by cold-plasma jet and coaxial high speed jet stream
Blending agent is applied between tool-electrode and workpiece, and adjustment nozzle location ensures that region to be processed is submerged in mixing and is situated between completely
In matter, and work in-process will not be interfered with lathe.Movement instruction is passed to machine tool motion by control computer to put down
Platform, and feed speed etc. is adjusted according to processing feedback signal in time.Cold-plasma jet and coaxial height are closed after machining
Rapid fire stream complex generator and electric spark machine tool.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：Blending agent used is atmosphere cold plasma jet stream and coaxial high speed in the present invention
Jet stream forms.The addition of coaxial high speed jet stream can greatly improve the flow of machining medium, so as to accelerate the row of galvanic corrosion product
Go out, improve interpolar state, reduce short circuit ratio, improve its processing efficiency.Coaxial high speed jet stream does not require purity, can appoint
What nontoxic, non-flammable explosive compression gas medium, common compressed air, so cost is extremely cheap；The mixing is situated between
Matter can retain a large amount of ions being enriched with cold-plasma jet, electronics, excited atom, molecule isoreactivity particle so that
Spark discharge ratio between workpiece and electrode is more easy to occur in pure compression gas jet, obtains larger discharging gap, so that
Obtain than more preferable interpolar discharge state in pure compression gas jet.Therefore, the present invention can be under identical machining energy, with relatively low
Cost obtain the material removing rate of electrical discharge machining higher in purer atmosphere cold plasma jet stream, and compared with compressed gas
More preferable surface quality.In addition, which obtains easy, environment is not damaged, its macro-temperature as low as room temperature
Or slightly above room temperature, it will not also treat machining area metal material surface and cause fire damage.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is device therefor structure composition and connection diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 cold-plasma jet used generating assembly installation diagram compound with coaxial high speed jet stream and is connected in embodiment
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is empty in nitrogen cold-plasma jet, nitrogen cold-plasma jet and coaxial high speed respectively in embodiment
The material of electrical discharge machining in gas jet mixing medium, nitrogen jet current, nitrogen jet current and coaxial high speed air jet blending agent
Removal rate MRR comparison diagrams.
Fig. 4 is empty in nitrogen cold-plasma jet, nitrogen cold-plasma jet and coaxial high speed respectively in embodiment
The surface of electrical discharge machining in gas jet mixing medium, nitrogen jet current, nitrogen jet current and coaxial high speed air jet blending agent
Roughness Ra value contrasts.
In figure：1 lathe base；2 control computers；3A/D transition cards；4 interpolar condition checkout gears；5XYZ three-shaft linkages
Motion platform；6 impulse generators；7 live spindles；8 tool-electrodes；9 cold-plasma jets and the compound hair of coaxial high speed jet stream
Raw component；9-1 coaxial high speed jet nozzles；9-2 seal plugs；9-3 end caps；Cylinder in 9-4 nozzles；9-5 pin electrodes；9-6 insulate
Nozzle；9-7 electric discharge nozzles；10 cold-plasma jets；11 blending agents；12 workpiece；13 work holders；14 number one gas
Weight flow controller；15 number one pressure reducing valves；16 high-purity work sources of the gas；17 No. second gas mass flow controllers；18
No. second pressure reducing valve；19 high-pressure air sources；20 high voltage power supplies；21 Universal fixed supports.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing and technical solution, embodiment of the invention is further illustrated.
The present invention relates to a kind of method and its device of atmosphere cold plasma jet stream electrical discharge machining, equipment used
For electric spark machine tool, cold-plasma jet and coaxial high speed jet stream complex generator.Electric spark machine tool includes：
Lathe base 1, control computer 2, A/D transition cards 3, interpolar condition checkout gear 4, XYZ three-shaft linkages motion platform 5, pulse
Generator 6, live spindle 7, tool-electrode 8, workpiece 12, work holder 13.
Cold-plasma jet includes with coaxial high speed jet stream complex generator：Cold-plasma jet and coaxial high speed
The compound generating assembly 9 of jet stream, number one gas mass flow controller 14, number one pressure reducing valve 15, high-purity work source of the gas 16,
No. two gas mass flow controllers 17, No. second pressure reducing valves 18, high-pressure air source 19, high voltage power supply 20, Universal fixed supports 21.
Cold-plasma jet generating assembly 9 compound with coaxial high speed jet stream includes：It is coaxial high speed jet nozzle 9-1, close
Cylinder 9-4, pin electrode 9-5, insulation nozzle 9-6, electric discharge nozzle 9-7 in block head 9-2, end cap 9-3, nozzle.
Before carrying out electrical discharge machining, these equipment are connected respectively according to attached drawing：
Cold-plasma jet generating assembly compound with coaxial high speed jet stream 9 is assembled according to attached drawing 2.Cylinder in nozzle
9-4 is cylindrical structure, its central axes is equipped with a blind hole, for installing pin electrode 9-5, in order to ensure the concentricity of both
Do not fallen off with pin electrode 9-5 during use, select tight slightly transition cooperation or the less interference of interference volume to match somebody with somebody between them
Close；Also be evenly equipped with around this blind hole it is several parallel to nozzle in cylinder 9-4 central axes through hole, for being passed through high-purity work gas
Body；Cylinder 9-4 is additionally provided with the through hole perpendicular to its central axes in nozzle, which not only can be by accessories such as metal jackscrews by height
The high-voltage output line of voltage source 20 is connected with pin electrode 9-5, pin electrode 9-5 can also be carried out further fixed and clamped；
The front end of cylinder 9-4 is equipped with internal thread in nozzle, and rear end is equipped with external screw thread, the external screw thread of the internal thread and electric discharge nozzle 9-7 of front end
Coordinate installation, electric discharge nozzle 9-7 is hollow revolving body, in order to produce compression, the interior table for the spray nozzle front end that discharges to air-flow
Face is circular conical surface, there is a through hole at the center of front end, and plasma jet 10 is ejected in the outlet as electric discharge nozzle 9-7, pacifies
It need to ensure that the outlet of pin electrode 9-5 and the nozzle 9-7 that discharges are coaxial during dress, to ensure to produce stable, uniform cold plasma
Body jet stream；The external screw thread of cylinder 9-4 rear ends is then connected with the threaded hole of end cap 9-3 front ends in nozzle；End cap 9-3 is in one
Empty cylinder-like structure, its rear end are equipped with threaded hole, and threaded hole and the number one gas mass flow controller 14 of rear end export
It is connected with tracheae and its complementary connector；In addition to the respective threaded hole in front and back end, end cap 9-3 is additionally provided with external screw thread and seal plug
The threaded hole connection of 9-2 rear ends is fixed；Rotary structure also generally hollow seal plug 9-2, the threaded hole of its front end with absolutely
The external screw thread connection of edge nozzle 9-6, the structure of insulation nozzle 9-6 is similar with the nozzle 9-7 that discharges, its front end also has one to be located at
Through hole on axis, sprays for ensuring not influence the normal of plasma jet 10, and when installation ensures that the through hole is sprayed with electric discharge
The outlet of mouth 9-7 is coaxial, while in order to ensure leakproofness, screw thread is rotated when installing insulation nozzle 9-6 to itself and the nozzle that discharges
9-7 is contacted；Seal plug 9-2 is additionally provided with 2 cabling channels parallel with its center axis, is connected to arrange with pin electrode 9-5
High-voltage power-line and with the low-tension supply lines that are connected of electric discharge nozzle 9-7；The external screw thread of seal plug 9-2 and coaxial high speed jet stream
The threaded hole of nozzle 9-1 ends coordinates installation.Coaxial high speed jet nozzle 9-1 is located at cold-plasma jet and is penetrated with coaxial high speed
Flow the outermost of compound generating assembly, its structure also with the similar and hollow rotary structures of electric discharge nozzle 9-7.Middle rear end
Inner surface be cylindrical surface, the inner surface of front end is circular conical surface, is penetrated to eject blending agent 11 or pure plasma
Stream 10, front end equally offers the through hole on central axis, and the through hole should be with the outlet for the nozzle 9-7 that discharges after installation is complete
And the outlet of insulation nozzle 9-6 is coaxial；The side of coaxial high speed jet nozzle 9-1 also has one perpendicular to the logical of its center axis
Hole, is connected by tracheae and supporting connector with the outlet of No. second pressure reducing valve 18, for being passed through coaxial gases at high pressure.
After the completion for the treatment of that cold-plasma jet is assembled with the compound generating assembly 9 of coaxial high speed jet stream, by high-purity work source of the gas
16th, 19, No. second number one pressure reducing valve 15, number one gas mass flow controller 14, end cap 9-3 and high-pressure air source pressure reducing valves
18th, No. second gas mass flow controller 17, coaxial high speed jet nozzle 9-1 pass through gas according to the order of connection shown in the drawings
Pipe and its complementary connector connection.
Cold-plasma jet generating assembly 9 compound with coaxial high speed jet stream once assembly be completed, unless repairing or changing
Make, generally need not again dismantle, reassemble, it is only necessary to once assemble, later directly use.Cold-plasma jet with it is same
The compound generating assembly 9 of axis high-speed jet and number one pressure reducing valve 15, number one gas mass flow controller 14, high-pressure air source
19th, supporting air supply system and the high voltage power supply 20 and ten thousand such as 18, No. second gas mass flow controllers 17 of No. second pressure reducing valve
Connection to fixing bracket 21 or after being completed, except special circumstances such as non-replaceable source of the gas, maintenance or transformations, generally also without
Reconnect, pass hull closure in order after use, directly start use next time.
Tool-electrode 8 is installed in live spindle 7, and live spindle 7 is connected with XYZ three-shaft linkages motion platform 5；Workpiece 12
It is installed on work holder 13, XYZ three-shaft linkages motion platform 5 and work holder 13 are fixed to by T-slot
Onto lathe base 1.Cold-plasma jet passes through Universal fixed support 21 and machine with the compound generating assembly 9 of coaxial high speed jet stream
Bed pedestal 1 is connected, and cold-plasma jet and the compound generating assembly 9 of coaxial high speed jet stream are adjusted by Universal fixed support 21
Position and angle.
Coaxial high speed jet nozzle 9-1, seal plug 9-2 and end cap 9-3 to material without particular/special requirement, using machinability
Good material, in order to reduce cost, mitigate dead weight, generally selects common polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), PMMA, nylon etc. nonmetallic
Material.Pin electrode 9-5 requirement material conductivities are good, fusing point is high, heat/corrosion resistance is good, such as：The metal materials such as tungsten bar, tungsten carbide
Material.Cylinder 9-4 and insulation nozzle 9-6 require insulation resistance good in nozzle, and insulation performance is not when temperature is more than 200 DEG C
It can be decreased obviously, therefore the materials such as PEEK, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) can be selected.As long as nozzle 9-7 good conductivities of discharging, mechanical processing
The good material of performance, can be selected brass etc..
During work, the positive and negative anodes of workpiece 12 and tool-electrode 8 respectively with impulse generator 6 are connected；Pin electrode 9-5 and electric discharge
High-voltage output ends of the nozzle 9-7 respectively with high voltage power supply 20 is connected with low-voltage output.
High-purity work source of the gas 16 is opened, adjusts high-purity work gas that number one pressure reducing valve 15 exports high-purity work source of the gas 16
Body enters number one gas mass flow controller 14 with suitable pressure, adjust number one gas mass flow controller 14 to
Desired value, high-purity working gas will enter end cap 9-3 with the flow of setting at this time, then enter pin electricity by cylinder 9-4 in nozzle
The region of discharge of pole 9-5 and electric discharge nozzle 9-7 compositions.At this time, high voltage power supply 20 is opened, adjusts its voltage and frequency to suitable
Value, will produce stable cold-plasma jet 10 in the exit of electric discharge nozzle 9-7.High-pressure air source 19 is opened, adjusts the
No. two pressure reducing valves 18 and No. second gas mass flow controller 17 are to setting value, it is ensured that the gases at high pressure that high-pressure air source 19 exports
Coaxial high speed jet nozzle 9-1 is entered from side with suitable pressure and flow, at this time in cold-plasma jet and coaxial height
The exit of the compound generating assembly 9 of rapid fire stream will form blending agent 11.Cold plasma is adjusted by Universal fixed support 21
The position of body jet stream and the compound generating assembly 9 of coaxial high speed jet stream, it is ensured that machining area can be completely covered simultaneously in blending agent 11
And will not other positions interfere with lathe in process.Impulse generator 6 is opened, is adjusted to suitable processing ginseng
Number, opens control computer 2 and movement instruction is passed to XYZ three-shaft linkages motion platform 5 and live spindle 7, XYZ three-shaft linkages
Motion platform 5 and live spindle 7 process specific structure and feature, while interpolar state according to movement instruction on work piece 12
The discharge signal detected can be passed to control computer 2 by detection device 4 through A/D transition cards 3, the then basis of control computer 2
Discharge signal adjusts movement instruction immediately, is carried out with ensureing that electro-discharge machining is stablized.After machining, high voltage power supply is closed successively
20th, 19, No. second high-purity work source of the gas 16, number one gas mass flow controller 14, high-pressure air source gas mass flow controls
Device 17 processed, control computer 2.
Embodiment
The example of the fine groove experiment of electric spark milling will be combined, illustrate the present invention to electrical spark working in cold-plasma jet
The influence of work characteristic.First by experimental facilities according to connection shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2.The material of tool-electrode 8 is tungsten in the present embodiment,
The material of workpiece 12 is H62 brass, and high-purity work source of the gas 16 uses purity, and for 99.999% high pure nitrogen, high-pressure air source 19 adopts
With air compressor, that is, coaxial high speed jet stream used is compressed air jet in testing.Electrical discharge machining medium is respectively nitrogen
Air cooling plasma jet, nitrogen cold-plasma jet and coaxial high speed air jet blending agent, nitrogen jet current, nitrogen are penetrated
Stream and coaxial high speed air jet blending agent.The pulse power type selected as RC pulse powers.Machining energy is respectively set to
Voltage 100V capacitances 8200pF and voltage 80V capacitances 3300pF.Adjust number one pressure reducing valve 15 and number one gas mass flow
Controller 14 so that the gas flow into cold-plasma jet and the compound generating assembly 9 of coaxial high speed jet stream is 15slm.
High voltage power supply 20 is opened, gradually steps up its output voltage, discharge frequency is adjusted, until cold-plasma jet and coaxial high speed are penetrated
The outlet for flowing compound generating assembly 9 produces stable cold-plasma jet 10, opens high-pressure air source 19, adjusts No. second decompression
Valve 18 and No. second gas mass flow controller 17 make high-velocity jets flow be 47.5slm, produce blending agent 11；It is logical
Position and angle that Universal fixed support 21 adjusts cold-plasma jet and the compound generating assembly 9 of coaxial high speed jet stream are crossed, is made
Region to be processed is submerged in blending agent 11 completely, and ensures that coaxial cold-plasma jet and coaxial high speed jet stream are compound
Generating assembly 9 will not other positions interfere with lathe in process.At this time can be by good NC codes prepared in advance
Input control computer 2, starts lathe and carries out spark discharge processing.
Fig. 3 is under open-circuit voltage 100V capacitances 8200pF and open-circuit voltage 80V capacitances 3300pF, in different machining mediums
In, material removing rate MRR contrasts, the machining experiment failure because of sequential short circuit, therefore do not carry out in nitrogen jet current
Material removing rate MRR is calculated, from figure 2 it can be seen that nitrogen cold-plasma jet and high-speed air under equal discharging condition
Material removing rate MRR in the blending agent of jet stream is penetrated with material removing rate MRR, the nitrogen in simple cold-plasma jet
Stream is compared with the material removing rate MRR in the blending agent of high-velocity jets, is substantially improved.
Fig. 4 is under open-circuit voltage 100V capacitances 8200pF and open-circuit voltage 80V capacitances 3300pF, in different machining mediums
In, the roughness Ra value contrast of finished surface.Since the machining experiment in nitrogen jet current is because sequential short circuit and failure, because
This does not also carry out roughness Ra value measurement.From figure 3, it can be seen that under same discharging condition, nitrogen cold plasma is penetrated
Though the Ra in stream and the blending agent of high-velocity jets has small size rising compared with the Ra in simple cold-plasma jet,
But still far below the Ra values in nitrogen jet current and the blending agent of high-velocity jets.
Therefore atmosphere cold plasma jet stream and the blending agent of high-velocity jets are used as electro-discharge machining medium,
The processing efficiency than pure cold-plasma jet higher can be obtained, than nitrogen jet current and the blending agent of high-velocity jets more
Good processing quality.
Applicant states that the above embodiment of the present invention illustrates example of the present invention just for the sake of clear, and simultaneously
The non-restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, on the basis of the above description
Other various forms of changes or variation can also be made, there is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.It is all
Any modification for being made within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent spy change and improve, and should be included in right of the present invention
Within the scope of it is required that.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of atmosphere cold plasma jet stream electric discharge machining apparatus, it is characterised in that on electric spark machine tool basis
On, add cold-plasma jet and coaxial high speed jet stream complex generator；
The cold-plasma jet includes cold-plasma jet and coaxial height with coaxial high speed jet stream complex generator
The compound generating assembly of rapid fire stream (9), number one gas mass flow controller (14), number one pressure reducing valve (15), high-purity work
Source of the gas (16), No. second gas mass flow controller (17), No. second pressure reducing valve (18), high-pressure air source (19), high voltage power supply
(20) and Universal fixed support (21)；
High-purity work source of the gas (16) enters through number one pressure reducing valve (15) and number one gas mass flow controller (14) successively
Cold-plasma jet and the compound generating assembly of coaxial high speed jet stream (9), recycle high voltage power supply (20) to penetrate cold plasma
Stream answers generating assembly (9) input voltage with coaxial high speed jet stream and generates cold-plasma jet (10)；High-pressure air source (19) is then
Successively through No. second pressure reducing valve (18) and No. second gas mass flow controller (17) enter cold-plasma jet with it is coaxial
The compound generating assembly of high-speed jet (9) generates coaxial high speed jet stream；Cold-plasma jet (10) is mixed with coaxial high speed jet stream
It is blending agent (11) to close；By Universal fixed support (21) by cold-plasma jet and the compound generation of coaxial high speed jet stream
Component (9) is fixed on electric spark machine tool, and utilizes its adjusting position；
Cold-plasma jet and the compound generating assembly of coaxial high speed jet stream (9), including it is coaxial high speed jet nozzle (9-1), close
Cylinder (9-4), pin electrode (9-5), insulation nozzle (9-6) and electric discharge nozzle (9-7) in block head (9-2), end cap (9-3), nozzle；
Cylinder (9-4) is cylindrical structure in nozzle, its central axes is equipped with a blind hole, for installing pin electrode (9-5), in order to ensure two
Pin electrode (9-5) is not fallen off during the concentricity of person and use, selected between the two tight slightly transition cooperation or interference volume compared with
Small interference fit；Also be evenly equipped with around this blind hole it is several parallel to nozzle in cylinder (9-4) central axes through hole, for being passed through
High-purity working gas；Cylinder (9-4) is additionally provided with the through hole perpendicular to its central axes in nozzle, which is applied not only to pass through metal roof
The high-voltage output line of high voltage power supply (20) is connected by silk accessory with pin electrode (9-5), also pin electrode (9-5) is carried out further
Fixed and clamping；The front end of cylinder (9-4) is equipped with internal thread in nozzle, and rear end is equipped with external screw thread, and internal thread and the electric discharge of front end are sprayed
The external screw thread of mouth (9-7) coordinates installation, and electric discharge nozzle (9-7) is hollow revolving body, in order to produce compression to air-flow, puts
The inner surface of EFI mouth (9-7) front end is circular conical surface, has a through hole at the center of front end, as electric discharge nozzle (9-7) outlet,
Eject cold-plasma jet (10), when installation ensures that pin electrode (9-5) and the outlet of electric discharge nozzle (9-7) are coaxial, with guarantor
Card produces stable, uniform cold-plasma jet (10)；In nozzle the external screw thread of cylinder (9-4) rear end then with before end cap (9-3)
The threaded hole at end is connected；End cap (9-3) is a hollow cylinder-like structure, and its rear end is equipped with threaded hole, the spiral shell of rear end
Pit is connected with number one gas mass flow controller (14) outlet with tracheae and its complementary connector；End cap (9-3) is except preceding
Outside the respective threaded hole in rear end, it is additionally provided with external screw thread and is connected fixation with the threaded hole of seal plug (9-2) rear end；Seal plug
(9-2) also generally hollow rotary structure, the threaded hole of its front end are connected with the external screw thread of insulation nozzle (9-6), insulation spray
The structure of mouth (9-6) is identical with electric discharge nozzle (9-7), also there is a through hole on central axes in its front end, for ensuring not
Influence the normal ejection of cold-plasma jet (10), when installation ensures that the outlet of the through hole and electric discharge nozzle (9-7) is coaxial, together
When in order to ensure leakproofness, screw thread is rotated when insulation nozzle (9-6) is installed and is contacted to it with electric discharge nozzle (9-7)；Seal plug
Head (9-2) is additionally provided with 2 cabling channels parallel with its center axis, to the high voltage power supply that is connected with pin electrode (9-5) of arranging
Line and the low-tension supply line being connected with electric discharge nozzle (9-7)；The external screw thread of seal plug (9-2) and coaxial high speed jet nozzle
The threaded hole of (9-1) end coordinates installation；Coaxial high speed jet nozzle (9-1) is located at cold-plasma jet and is penetrated with coaxial high speed
Flow the outermost of compound generating assembly (9), its structure also with electric discharge nozzle (9-7) identical and hollow rotary structure；Together
The inner surface of rear end is cylindrical surface in axis high-speed jet nozzle (9-1), and the inner surface of front end is circular conical surface, in order to eject mixing
Medium (11) or pure cold-plasma jet (10), front end equally offers the through hole on central axis, after installation is complete
The through hole should be coaxial with the outlet of electric discharge nozzle (9-7) and the outlet of insulation nozzle (9-6)；Coaxial high speed jet nozzle (9-1)
Side also have a through hole perpendicular to its center axis, pass through tracheae and supporting connector and No. second gas mass flow
The outlet of controller (17) is connected, for being passed through coaxial gases at high pressure；
A kind of method of atmosphere cold plasma jet stream electrical discharge machining, cold-plasma jet and coaxial high speed jet stream are compound
Generating means generates the blending agent of cold-plasma jet and coaxial high speed jet stream；During work, tool-electrode is connect into pulse hair
The anode of raw device, workpiece connects the cathode of impulse generator, by cold-plasma jet and the blending agent of coaxial high speed jet stream
Be applied between tool-electrode and workpiece, adjustment nozzle location ensure that region to be processed is submerged in blending agent completely, and
And work in-process is not interfered with lathe；Movement instruction is passed to by machine tool motion platform by control computer, and according to
Processing feedback signal adjusts feed speed in time；Cold-plasma jet and the compound hair of coaxial high speed jet stream are closed after machining
Generating apparatus and electric spark machine tool.
2. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the coaxial high speed jet nozzle (9-1), seal plug
The material of (9-2) and end cap (9-3) is nonmetallic materials.
3. device according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the pin electrode (9-5) is tungsten bar or tungsten carbide.
4. device according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that cylinder (9-4) and insulation nozzle (9- in the nozzle
6) material is PEEK or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
5. device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that cylinder (9-4) and insulation nozzle (9-6) in the nozzle
Material is PEEK or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
6. according to the device described in claim 1,2 or 5, it is characterised in that the material of the electric discharge nozzle (9-7) is Huang
Copper.
7. device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the material of the electric discharge nozzle (9-7) is brass.
8. device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the material of the electric discharge nozzle (9-7) is brass.
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| CN201710023496.8A CN106513881B (en) | 2017-01-13 | 2017-01-13 | A kind of device of atmosphere cold plasma jet stream electrical discharge machining |
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| CN201710023496.8A CN106513881B (en) | 2017-01-13 | 2017-01-13 | A kind of device of atmosphere cold plasma jet stream electrical discharge machining |
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| CN109732157A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-05-10 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of near-dry type high-speed electric spark processing method and its device |
| CN109974970B (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2024-01-05 | 扬州大学 | Pulse type submerged impact jet flow experimental device for scouring experiment and measuring method thereof |
| CN111556641B (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2021-04-16 | 清华大学 | Exposed electrode type atmospheric pressure plasma generator system in low temperature range |
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| JPS57143122A (en) * | 1981-02-27 | 1982-09-04 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Internal combustion engine |
| CN2746712Y (en) * | 2004-03-18 | 2005-12-14 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Atmospheric low temp cold plasma discharge channel device |
| GB0502495D0 (en) * | 2005-02-07 | 2005-03-16 | Boc Group Plc | Ejector pump |
| CN201801572U (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2011-04-20 | 江苏中矿大正表面工程技术有限公司 | High-efficiency multi-atomization arc pistol |
| GB201020401D0 (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2011-01-19 | Rolls Royce Plc | Electrical discharge machining |
| CN102625557A (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2012-08-01 | 大连理工大学 | Generating device for atmospheric bare electrode cold plasma jet |
| CN106312205B (en) * | 2016-10-08 | 2018-01-16 | 大连理工大学 | Electric discharge machining method in atmosphere cold plasma jet |
| CN206445323U (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-08-29 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of device for improving electrical discharge machining efficiency in atmosphere cold plasma jet |
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