CN106508524A - Preparing method of degradable functional mulching film for cotton field - Google Patents

Preparing method of degradable functional mulching film for cotton field Download PDF

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CN106508524A
CN106508524A CN201610923081.1A CN201610923081A CN106508524A CN 106508524 A CN106508524 A CN 106508524A CN 201610923081 A CN201610923081 A CN 201610923081A CN 106508524 A CN106508524 A CN 106508524A
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cotton
film
degradable
starch
steam explosion
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袁春华
宋豪
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
    • A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
    • A01G13/0275—Films
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
    • C08J7/04—Coating
    • C08J7/06—Coating with compositions not containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J7/065—Low-molecular-weight organic substances, e.g. absorption of additives in the surface of the article
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
    • C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2397/00—Characterised by the use of lignin-containing materials
    • C08J2397/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2403/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
    • C08J2403/04—Starch derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00—Applications
    • C08L2203/16—Applications used for films
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
    • C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparing method of a degradable functional mulching film for a cotton field, and belongs to the technical field of farm-oriented mulching films. The preparing method comprises the steps of using cotton straw as a raw material, conducting steam explosion on the straw, conducting dissolving and impurity eliminating on the straw to obtain cotton straw fiber, then breaking hydrogen bonds in starch molecules and among starch molecules through epoxy chloropropane, conducting stem grafting and crosslinking through epoxy chloropropane so that plasticity and flexibility of starch can be strengthened, brittleness can be lowered and the starch can be easy to process and mold, and obtaining modified starch; finally conducting mixed crosslinking on the cotton straw fiber, the modified starch and the like, scraping the crosslinked mixture into film, formulating mixed liquor of a nitrogen phosphorous and potassium fertilizer, an insecticide and a herbicide, spraying the mixed liquor onto the thin film, and conducting plastic sealing on the film through a thermocompressor to obtain the degradable functional mulching film for the cotton field. The obtained degradable functional mulching film for the cotton field is easy to degrade, and is capable of absorbing moisture in air and storing the moisture into a grid package which is subjected to plastic sealing and molding; the stored moisture is evaporated into steam during a high-temperature time frame and the steam dissolves part of the fertilizer, so that the film enters soil and slowly releases the fertilizer into soil during a degradation process, and thus soil quality is improved, and the cotton yield is improved.

Description

A kind of preparation method of cotton field degradable function mulch film
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of cotton field degradable function mulch film, belongs to agricultural mulching technical field.
Background technology
Mulch film is covered ground thin film, is covered in ground, can improve the soil moisture, keeps soil moisture, improves fertilizer efficiency, Soil structure is maintained, disease that pest attacks crop and certain micro-organisms cause etc. is prevented, promotes the function of plant growing.From Was carried out to mulch film in 1979 small area on-test, now existing more than 30 years history.At present, mulch film is in national 31 provinces and cities Autonomous region popularizes and applies, and for 40 multiple kinds of crops such as grain, cotton, oil, dish, melon and fruit, cigarette, sugar, medicine, fiber crops, tea, woods, receives deeply The welcome of vast farmerses.
At present, China's covering with ground sheeting area is up to 13,330,000 hm2More than, and with 66.67 ten thousand hm every year on average2The speed of left and right Degree increases, and about 450,000 tons of the real consumption amount of annual mulch film occupies first place in the world.Substantial amounts of residual film exists so that soil moisture nutrient Transport downwards hindered, soil gap and permeability are reduced, be unfavorable for soil air circulation and pour, land quality declines, So as to cause crop alimentary bad, yield declines.When soil mulching film residual quantity is up to 60 kg/hm2When, will make to crops Into the underproduction, the heavy metal in mulch film can be absorbed in the trophophase of Cotton Gossypii, be eventually collected in the root of Cotton Gossypii, stem, Ye Shang, finally Affect the yield of Cotton Gossypii.Therefore, degradable films are developed, for reduction white pollution, is improved soil quality, is ensured output of cotton It is significant.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved：Remain for cotton field mulch film and the downward transport of soil moisture nutrient is subject to Hinder, soil gap and permeability are reduced, be unfavorable for soil air circulation and pour, land quality declines, so as to cause crop Malnutrition, the problem that yield declines, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of cotton field degradable function mulch film, the present invention with Cotton stalk is raw material, Jing steam explosions, producing fibre from cotton stalk is obtained, then destroys starch by epoxychloropropane after dissolving remove impurity Intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bond, by epoxychloropropane graft crosslinking, strengthen the plasticity and pliability of starch, reduce crisp Property, make starch easily processed into type, modified starch is obtained, finally by producing fibre from cotton stalk, modified starch, shitosan, nanometer two The mixing crosslinking such as silicon oxide, polyvinyl alcohol, striking film forming is reconfigured at azophoska, and insecticide, the mixed liquor of herbicide, and It is sprayed on thin film, and the envelope modeling of Jing hot presses, cotton field degradable function mulch film is obtained.Cotton field degradable function prepared by the present invention Mulch film is degradable, can pass through the moisture in absorption air and be stored in the molded lattice bag of envelope, the high temperature period again it is rising into Steam simultaneously dissolves part fertilizer, into soil, and fertilizer slow release is entered soil in degradation process, improves soil quality, improves Output of cotton.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is：
（1）3 ~ 5kg cotton stalks are weighed, is crushed during pulverizer is added after natural air drying, is crossed 100 mesh sieves, by the Cotton Gossypii after sieving Stalk powder loads in steam explosion tank, is heated to 110 ~ 120 DEG C, and is passed through water vapour to pressure inside the tank in steam explosion tank For 1.6 ~ 1.9MPa, after keeping 5 ~ 8min of pressure, open steam explosion tank valve pressure release, pressure release to normal pressure, be then soaked in 70 ~ 10 ~ 15min in 80 DEG C of deionized waters, filters and collects filtering residue, obtains Steam explosion treatment cotton stalk powder；
（2）By above-mentioned Steam explosion treatment cotton stalk powder, 500 ~ 600mL mass fractions are immersed in in 10% hydrogen peroxide, 1 ~ 2h is reacted under 70 ~ 80 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, mixed liquor is obtained, then is that 5% sodium hydroxide solution regulation pH of mixed is with mass fraction 11.0 ~ 12.0, and 2 ~ 3h is reacted under 80 ~ 85 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, subsequent vacuum filtration, then be that 50% ethanol is molten with mass fraction Liquid washs filter cake to cleaning mixture in neutrality, filter cake is proceeded in 105 ~ 110 DEG C of drying baker and is dried to constant weight, obtain cotton stalk fine Dimension, it is standby；
（3）Weigh 320 ~ 350g starch, in adding 200 ~ 300mL deionized waters, under 30 ~ 35 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, with 300 ~ 400r/min stirs 20 ~ 30min of gelatinizing, adds 25 ~ 30mL epoxychloropropane, is continuously heating to 35 ~ 40 DEG C, and persistently stirs 5 ~ 6h of reaction is mixed, is then continued in drying baker, 3 ~ 5h is dried at 70 ~ 80 DEG C, modified starch is obtained；
（4）80 ~ 100g shitosans are weighed, in adding 600 ~ 800mL mass fractions to be 1% acetum, and with 300 ~ 400r/min 15 ~ 20min of stirring, adds 20 ~ 30g nano silicons, the above-mentioned modified starches of 300 ~ 320g, 30 ~ 50g steps（2）Prepare Producing fibre from cotton stalk, 100 ~ 150mL polyvinyl alcohol, in 80 ~ 85 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, continue 2 ~ 3h of agitating heating, be cooled to Room temperature, obtains coating liquid, with scraper by coating liquid one layer of 0.1 ~ 0.5mm thin film of striking on smooth glass plate, be subsequently placed at dry In dry case, at 60 ~ 65 DEG C, 20 ~ 24h is dried, degradable films are obtained；
（5）Weigh 15 ~ 18kg carbamide, 8 ~ 9kg phosphorus pentoxides, 2.2 ~ 2.5kg potassium oxide, 50 ~ 100g cypermethrins, 10 ~ 50g During N,N'-dimethyl-.gamma..gamma.'-dipyridylium adds 15 ~ 20L deionized waters, 20 ~ 30min is stirred with 300 ~ 400r/min, is reinstalled in aerosol apparatus, and is uniformly sprayed It is sprinkled upon 667m2On above-mentioned degradable films, then continue in drying baker, at 60 ~ 65 DEG C, be dried 10 ~ 12h, obtaining pretreatment can Degradable film；
（6）Above-mentioned pretreatment degradable films are cut into into 50cm × 100cm rectangular shaped sheets, 2 thin film is taken, by pretreatment face Load after superposition in hot press, at 120 ~ 140 DEG C, with 5cm × 5cm grid 8 ~ 10min of hot pressing, take out, obtain cotton field degradable Function mulch film.
The present invention application process be：Cotton field degradable function covering with ground sheeting prepared by the present invention is in the cotton field sowed On, after 20 ~ 25 days, in film, relative humidity is that, after 92 ~ 95%, 5 ~ 6 months, Plastic-film disintegration rate is 80 ~ 85%, and output of cotton improves 30 ~40%。
The method have the benefit that：
（1）Cotton field degradable function mulch film water holding capacity prepared by the present invention is good, and heat and moisture preserving effect is obvious, good degrading effect；
（2）Cotton field degradable function mulch film prepared by the present invention can be effectively improved soil quality, reduce cotton in seedling stage insect pest, improve Output of cotton.
Specific embodiment
3 ~ 5kg cotton stalks are weighed, is crushed during pulverizer is added after natural air drying, is crossed 100 mesh sieves, by the Cotton Gossypii after sieving Stalk powder loads in steam explosion tank, is heated to 110 ~ 120 DEG C, and is passed through water vapour to pressure inside the tank in steam explosion tank For 1.6 ~ 1.9MPa, after keeping 5 ~ 8min of pressure, open steam explosion tank valve pressure release, pressure release to normal pressure, be then soaked in 70 ~ 10 ~ 15min in 80 DEG C of deionized waters, filters and collects filtering residue, obtains Steam explosion treatment cotton stalk powder；Will be above-mentioned steam quick-fried Tear manages cotton stalk powder, is immersed in 500 ~ 600mL mass fractions in 10% hydrogen peroxide, anti-under 70 ~ 80 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control 1 ~ 2h is answered, mixed liquor is obtained, then is that to adjust pH of mixed be 11.0 ~ 12.0 to 5% sodium hydroxide solution with mass fraction, and 80 ~ 85 2 ~ 3h, subsequent vacuum filtration are reacted under DEG C water bath with thermostatic control, then washs filter cake for 50% ethanol solution with mass fraction and to cleaning mixture be in Neutrality, filter cake is proceeded in 105 ~ 110 DEG C of drying baker and is dried to constant weight, obtain producing fibre from cotton stalk, standby；Weigh 320 ~ 350g shallow lakes Powder, in adding 200 ~ 300mL deionized waters, under 30 ~ 35 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, with 300 ~ 400r/min stirring gelatinizings 20 ~ 30min, adds 25 ~ 30mL epoxychloropropane, is continuously heating to 35 ~ 40 DEG C, and continues 5 ~ 6h of stirring reaction, then continues at In drying baker, 3 ~ 5h is dried at 70 ~ 80 DEG C, modified starch is obtained；80 ~ 100g shitosans are weighed, 600 ~ 800mL mass point is added Number is in 1% acetum, and stirs 15 ~ 20min with 300 ~ 400r/min, adds 20 ~ 30g nano silicons, 300 ~ The above-mentioned modified starches of 320g, the above-mentioned producing fibre from cotton stalk of 30 ~ 50g, 100 ~ 150mL polyvinyl alcohol, in 80 ~ 85 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control In, continue 2 ~ 3h of agitating heating, be cooled to room temperature, obtain coating liquid, with scraper striking one on smooth glass plate by coating liquid Layer 0.1 ~ 0.5mm thin film, is subsequently placed in drying baker, at 60 ~ 65 DEG C, is dried 20 ~ 24h, obtains degradable films；Weigh 15 ~ 18kg carbamide, 8 ~ 9kg phosphorus pentoxides, 2.2 ~ 2.5kg potassium oxide, 50 ~ 100g cypermethrins, 10 ~ 50g N,N'-dimethyl-.gamma..gamma.'-dipyridyliums add 15 ~ In 20L deionized waters, 20 ~ 30min is stirred with 300 ~ 400r/min, is reinstalled in aerosol apparatus, and is uniformly sprayed at 667m2It is above-mentioned On degradable films, then continue in drying baker, at 60 ~ 65 DEG C, be dried 10 ~ 12h, obtain pretreatment degradable films；Will be upper State pretreatment degradable films and be cut into 50cm × 100cm rectangular shaped sheets, take 2 thin film, load after pretreatment face is superimposed In hot press, at 120 ~ 140 DEG C, with 5cm × 5cm grid 8 ~ 10min of hot pressing, take out, obtain cotton field degradable function mulch film.
Example 1
3kg cotton stalks are weighed, is crushed during pulverizer is added after natural air drying, is crossed 100 mesh sieves, by the cotton stalk powder after sieving End load steam explosion tank in, be heated to 110 DEG C, and be passed through in steam explosion tank water vapour to pressure inside the tank be 1.6MPa, After keeping pressure 5min, steam explosion tank valve pressure release is opened, pressure release is then soaked in 70 DEG C of deionized waters to normal pressure 10min, filters and collects filtering residue, obtains Steam explosion treatment cotton stalk powder；By above-mentioned Steam explosion treatment cotton stalk powder End, is immersed in 500mL mass fractions, in 10% hydrogen peroxide, to react 1h, obtaining mixed liquor, then use quality under 70 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control It is 11.0 that fraction is 5% sodium hydroxide solution regulation pH of mixed, and 2h is reacted under 80 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, subsequent vacuum filtration, Filter cake is washed to cleaning mixture in neutrality for 50% ethanol solution with mass fraction again, filter cake is proceeded in 105 DEG C of drying baker and is dried extremely Constant weight, obtains producing fibre from cotton stalk, standby；320g starch is weighed, in adding 200mL deionized waters, under 30 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, with 300r/min stirs gelatinizing 20min, adds 25mL epoxychloropropane, is continuously heating to 35 DEG C, and continues stirring reaction 5h, Then continue in drying baker, 3h is dried at 70 DEG C, obtains modified starch；80g shitosans are weighed, addition 600mL mass fractions are In 1% acetum, and 15min is stirred with 300r/min, add 20g nano silicons, the above-mentioned modified starches of 300g, 30g Above-mentioned producing fibre from cotton stalk, 100mL polyvinyl alcohol, in 80 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, continue agitating heating 2h, are cooled to room temperature, obtain Coating liquid, with scraper by coating liquid one layer of 0.1mm thin film of striking on smooth glass plate, be subsequently placed in drying baker, 60 At DEG C, 20h is dried, obtains degradable films；Weigh 15kg carbamide, 8kg phosphorus pentoxides, 2.2kg potassium oxide, 50g cypermethrins, During 10g N,N'-dimethyl-.gamma..gamma.'-dipyridyliums add 15L deionized waters, 20min is stirred with 300r/min, is reinstalled in aerosol apparatus, and is uniformly sprayed at 667m2On above-mentioned degradable films, then continue in drying baker, at 60 DEG C, be dried 10h, obtain pretreatment degradable films；Will Above-mentioned pretreatment degradable films are cut into 50cm × 100cm rectangular shaped sheets, take 2 thin film, fill after pretreatment face is superimposed Enter in hot press, at 120 DEG C, with 5cm × 5cm grid hot pressing 8min, take out, obtain cotton field degradable function mulch film.
The present invention application process be：Cotton field degradable function covering with ground sheeting prepared by the present invention is in the cotton field sowed On, after 20 days, in film, relative humidity is 92%, and after 5 months, Plastic-film disintegration rate is 80 ~ 85%, and output of cotton improves 30%.
Example 2
4kg cotton stalks are weighed, is crushed during pulverizer is added after natural air drying, is crossed 100 mesh sieves, by the cotton stalk powder after sieving End load steam explosion tank in, be heated to 112 DEG C, and be passed through in steam explosion tank water vapour to pressure inside the tank be 1.7MPa, After keeping pressure 6min, steam explosion tank valve pressure release is opened, pressure release is then soaked in 74 DEG C of deionized waters to normal pressure 12min, filters and collects filtering residue, obtains Steam explosion treatment cotton stalk powder；By above-mentioned Steam explosion treatment cotton stalk powder End, is immersed in 560mL mass fractions, in 10% hydrogen peroxide, to react 1.5h, obtaining mixed liquor, then use matter under 75 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control It is 11.5 that amount fraction is 5% sodium hydroxide solution regulation pH of mixed, and 2.5h is reacted under 82 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, subsequent vacuum Sucking filtration, then filter cake is washed to cleaning mixture in neutrality for 50% ethanol solution with mass fraction, filter cake is proceeded in 106 DEG C of drying baker It is dried to constant weight, obtains producing fibre from cotton stalk, it is standby；326g starch is weighed, in adding 240mL deionized waters, in 32 DEG C of thermostatted waters Under bath, gelatinizing 24min is stirred with 350r/min, 27mL epoxychloropropane is added, is continuously heating to 38 DEG C, and persistently stirs Reaction 5.5h, then continues in drying baker, is dried 4h, obtains modified starch at 75 DEG C；90g shitosans are weighed, 700mL matter is added During amount fraction is 1% acetum, and 18min is stirred with 350r/min, add 25g nano silicons, 310g is above-mentioned modified Starch, the above-mentioned producing fibre from cotton stalk of 40g, 120mL polyvinyl alcohol, in 82 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, continue agitating heating 2.5h, cooling To room temperature, obtain coating liquid, with scraper by coating liquid one layer of 0.3mm thin film of striking on smooth glass plate, be subsequently placed at drying In case, at 62 DEG C, 22h is dried, obtains degradable films；Weigh 16kg carbamide, 8.5kg phosphorus pentoxides, 2.3kg potassium oxide, 70g cypermethrins, during 40g N,N'-dimethyl-.gamma..gamma.'-dipyridyliums add 18L deionized waters, stir 25min with 350r/min, reinstall in aerosol apparatus, and 667m is sprayed at uniformly2On above-mentioned degradable films, then continue in drying baker, at 61 DEG C, be dried 11h, obtaining pretreatment can Degradable film；Above-mentioned pretreatment degradable films are cut into into 50cm × 100cm rectangular shaped sheets, 2 thin film is taken, by pretreatment Load after the superposition of face in hot press, at 130 DEG C, with 5cm × 5cm grid hot pressing 9min, take out, obtain cotton field degradable function ground Film.
The present invention application process be：Cotton field degradable function covering with ground sheeting prepared by the present invention is in the cotton field sowed On, after 22 days, in film, relative humidity is 93%, and after 5.5 months, Plastic-film disintegration rate is 82%, and output of cotton improves 32%.
Example 3
5kg cotton stalks are weighed, is crushed during pulverizer is added after natural air drying, is crossed 100 mesh sieves, by the cotton stalk powder after sieving End load steam explosion tank in, be heated to 120 DEG C, and be passed through in steam explosion tank water vapour to pressure inside the tank be 1.9MPa, After keeping pressure 8min, steam explosion tank valve pressure release is opened, pressure release is then soaked in 80 DEG C of deionized waters to normal pressure 15min, filters and collects filtering residue, obtains Steam explosion treatment cotton stalk powder；By above-mentioned Steam explosion treatment cotton stalk powder End, is immersed in 600mL mass fractions, in 10% hydrogen peroxide, to react 2h, obtaining mixed liquor, then use quality under 80 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control It is 12.0 that fraction is 5% sodium hydroxide solution regulation pH of mixed, and 3h is reacted under 85 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, subsequent vacuum filtration, Filter cake is washed to cleaning mixture in neutrality for 50% ethanol solution with mass fraction again, filter cake is proceeded in 110 DEG C of drying baker and is dried extremely Constant weight, obtains producing fibre from cotton stalk, standby；350g starch is weighed, in adding 300mL deionized waters, under 35 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, with 400r/min stirs gelatinizing 30min, adds 30mL epoxychloropropane, is continuously heating to 40 DEG C, and continues stirring reaction 6h, with After proceed in drying baker, be dried 5h at 80 DEG C, obtain modified starch；100g shitosans are weighed, adds 800mL mass fractions to be 1% In acetum, and 20min is stirred with 400r/min, add 30g nano silicons, the above-mentioned modified starches of 320g, on 50g Producing fibre from cotton stalk is stated, 150mL polyvinyl alcohol, in 85 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, continues agitating heating 3h, is cooled to room temperature, must apply Film liquid, with scraper by coating liquid one layer of 0.5mm thin film of striking on smooth glass plate, be subsequently placed in drying baker, at 65 DEG C Under, 24h is dried, degradable films are obtained；Weigh 18kg carbamide, 9kg phosphorus pentoxides, 2.5kg potassium oxide, 100g cypermethrins, During 50g N,N'-dimethyl-.gamma..gamma.'-dipyridyliums add 20L deionized waters, 30min is stirred with 400r/min, is reinstalled in aerosol apparatus, and is uniformly sprayed at 667m2On above-mentioned degradable films, then continue in drying baker, at 65 DEG C, be dried 12h, obtain pretreatment degradable films；Will Above-mentioned pretreatment degradable films are cut into 50cm × 100cm rectangular shaped sheets, take 2 thin film, fill after pretreatment face is superimposed Enter in hot press, at 140 DEG C, with 5cm × 5cm grid hot pressing 10min, take out, obtain cotton field degradable function mulch film.
The present invention application process be：Cotton field degradable function covering with ground sheeting prepared by the present invention is in the cotton field sowed On, after 25 days, in film, relative humidity is 95%, and after 6 months, Plastic-film disintegration rate is 85%, and output of cotton improves 40%.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of preparation method of cotton field degradable function mulch film, it is characterised in that concrete preparation process is：
（1）3 ~ 5kg cotton stalks are weighed, is crushed during pulverizer is added after natural air drying, is crossed 100 mesh sieves, by the Cotton Gossypii after sieving Stalk powder loads in steam explosion tank, is heated to 110 ~ 120 DEG C, and is passed through water vapour to pressure inside the tank in steam explosion tank For 1.6 ~ 1.9MPa, after keeping 5 ~ 8min of pressure, open steam explosion tank valve pressure release, pressure release to normal pressure, be then soaked in 70 ~ 10 ~ 15min in 80 DEG C of deionized waters, filters and collects filtering residue, obtains Steam explosion treatment cotton stalk powder；
（2）By above-mentioned Steam explosion treatment cotton stalk powder, 500 ~ 600mL mass fractions are immersed in in 10% hydrogen peroxide, 1 ~ 2h is reacted under 70 ~ 80 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, mixed liquor is obtained, then is that 5% sodium hydroxide solution regulation pH of mixed is with mass fraction 11.0 ~ 12.0, and 2 ~ 3h is reacted under 80 ~ 85 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, subsequent vacuum filtration, then be that 50% ethanol is molten with mass fraction Liquid washs filter cake to cleaning mixture in neutrality, filter cake is proceeded in 105 ~ 110 DEG C of drying baker and is dried to constant weight, obtain cotton stalk fine Dimension, it is standby；
（3）Weigh 320 ~ 350g starch, in adding 200 ~ 300mL deionized waters, under 30 ~ 35 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, with 300 ~ 400r/min stirs 20 ~ 30min of gelatinizing, adds 25 ~ 30mL epoxychloropropane, is continuously heating to 35 ~ 40 DEG C, and persistently stirs 5 ~ 6h of reaction is mixed, is then continued in drying baker, 3 ~ 5h is dried at 70 ~ 80 DEG C, modified starch is obtained；
（4）80 ~ 100g shitosans are weighed, in adding 600 ~ 800mL mass fractions to be 1% acetum, and with 300 ~ 400r/min 15 ~ 20min of stirring, adds 20 ~ 30g nano silicons, the above-mentioned modified starches of 300 ~ 320g, 30 ~ 50g steps（2）Prepare Producing fibre from cotton stalk, 100 ~ 150mL polyvinyl alcohol, in 80 ~ 85 DEG C of waters bath with thermostatic control, continue 2 ~ 3h of agitating heating, be cooled to Room temperature, obtains coating liquid, with scraper by coating liquid one layer of 0.1 ~ 0.5mm thin film of striking on smooth glass plate, be subsequently placed at dry In dry case, at 60 ~ 65 DEG C, 20 ~ 24h is dried, degradable films are obtained；
（5）Weigh 15 ~ 18kg carbamide, 8 ~ 9kg phosphorus pentoxides, 2.2 ~ 2.5kg potassium oxide, 50 ~ 100g cypermethrins, 10 ~ 50g During N,N'-dimethyl-.gamma..gamma.'-dipyridylium adds 15 ~ 20L deionized waters, 20 ~ 30min is stirred with 300 ~ 400r/min, is reinstalled in aerosol apparatus, and is uniformly sprayed It is sprinkled upon 667m2On above-mentioned degradable films, then continue in drying baker, at 60 ~ 65 DEG C, be dried 10 ~ 12h, obtaining pretreatment can Degradable film；
（6）Above-mentioned pretreatment degradable films are cut into into 50cm × 100cm rectangular shaped sheets, 2 thin film is taken, by pretreatment face Load after superposition in hot press, at 120 ~ 140 DEG C, with 5cm × 5cm grid 8 ~ 10min of hot pressing, take out, obtain cotton field degradable Function mulch film.
CN201610923081.1A 2016-10-29 2016-10-29 Preparing method of degradable functional mulching film for cotton field Withdrawn CN106508524A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108219330A (en) * 2017-12-30 2018-06-29 姜向军 A kind of degradable mulch
CN110760087A (en) * 2019-11-08 2020-02-07 魏常炬 Wind-resistant cold-resistant decomposable agricultural mulching film suitable for cotton field plain and preparation method thereof
CN114933743A (en) * 2022-05-31 2022-08-23 杜英杰 Degradable mulching film and preparation method thereof
CN115053770A (en) * 2021-12-23 2022-09-16 江苏省农业科学院 Wine brewing sorghum cultivation method based on biodegradable mulching film and application thereof

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108219330A (en) * 2017-12-30 2018-06-29 姜向军 A kind of degradable mulch
CN110760087A (en) * 2019-11-08 2020-02-07 魏常炬 Wind-resistant cold-resistant decomposable agricultural mulching film suitable for cotton field plain and preparation method thereof
CN115053770A (en) * 2021-12-23 2022-09-16 江苏省农业科学院 Wine brewing sorghum cultivation method based on biodegradable mulching film and application thereof
CN114933743A (en) * 2022-05-31 2022-08-23 杜英杰 Degradable mulching film and preparation method thereof

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