CN106507901B - A kind of short range bullet and its method for designing with split-type structure - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of short range bullet with split-type structure, including body (1), fill (2) and light tracer device (3), projectile nose (4) length is suitable with standard howitzer projectile head length, the saddle groove (5) of certain length is designed between projectile nose (4) and guidance part (6), and saddle groove (5) is coupled using the tapered portion (7) of rounding off with projectile nose (4), guidance part (6)；Some tearing grooves (8) are uniformly distributed with along the circumference on projectile nose (4), saddle groove (5), there are the reinforcement (9) of suitable thickness, the part between two tearing grooves (8) to be upset lobe (10) between tearing groove (8) and body inner chamber.The method for designing of the short range bullet includes clearly design input；Select airframe material；Design saddle groove；Design some tearing grooves, reinforcement, upset lobe；Divide lobe capacity calculation；Body remaining portion structure design.The present invention has and subtracts that journey effect is significant, range seriation, simple structure, safety be good, duties are handled well.

Description

A kind of short range bullet and its method for designing with split-type structure

Technical field

It is more particularly to a kind of that there is a point valve the invention belongs to the ammunition design technology in weapon industrial The short range bullet and its method for designing of formula structure.

Background technology

Now, with the quickening of world wide urbanization process, army target range and the guard station common people it Between buffer area it is more and more narrower, former dummy round is suitable with primary bullet due to range, when using Limited very big by place, to reduce the use cost of weaponry, the lasting fight for ensureing equipment Power, therefore, army need range to only have the part short range bullet of primary bullet (a new generation in a hurry Dummy round), the bullet both be used for meet artillery system safety limit it is very narrow the need for, again ensure Soldier can skillfully grasp artillery operation main points；In addition, the Ministry of Industry manufactured as weaponry Door, for reduction development, production cost, needs also exist for short range bullet, and demand is bigger.

For a long time, light-caliber cannon both domestic and external is equipped with dummy round, in terms of disclosed data, Mainly practice projectile and the traditional howitzer dummy round close with main bullet kind range (is only replaced explosive For sulphur), therefore, the Constructing ideas of various countries, pattern are more or less the same.However, from last century At the end of the nineties, filled using empty profit-Kang Te pressgangs in distress as the world-class Small-Caliber Ammunition of representative Standby to manufacture business, to range, the old dummy round suitable with traditional howitzer is upgraded, in allusion quotation Developed short range howitzer on type bore, such as 35 big guns short range bullet, maximum range 1000 meters with It is interior.In terms of only data, 35mm short ranges bullet is at least made up of assembling body, plastics blast cap, Whether there is light tracer device unclear.The action principle of the short range bullet is that the plastics blast cap of projectile head is pre- Rupture groove is formed with, during Projectile Motion, blast cap goes out gun muzzle under centrifugal force and frontal resistance effect Rapid upset, deploys as petal afterwards, and constantly deforms, and is finally even broken, in wind In cap switching process, bullet aerodynamic shape becomes extreme difference, so as to cause bullet one side quickly Slow down, on the other hand unstability, the finally landing in very short distance quickly, realizes short range purpose. But the short range bullet scheme has obvious defect, is respectively：Due to using plastics blast cap for upset valve, When ageing of plastics, plastics key performance are fluctuated to a certain extent, plastics upset valve is easily broken, So as to cause short range disabler；Second, the short range bullet is due to being designed with plastics blast cap, duties In processing procedure, by relevant criterion requirement, shell drop height 1.5m, certain journey occurs in blast cap The damage of degree, shell can only be scrapped；Third, bullet is in chamber inner movement, in the work of centrifugal force Under, blast cap will be contacted with rifling, and partly plastic, which is inherently stayed in rifling, causes plastics to glue thorax, And plastics glue thorax and are certain to the use of increase cannon, maintenance cost；If fourth, the short range bullet is without draging Light indicates trajectory, trajectory effect is observed when using not good.

The country has using time of fuse self-destruction is significantly shortened, and come the bullet that detonates, realizes shell short range The dummy round of function.The shortcoming of the short range bullet is more obvious：Firstly, since structure and standard pomegranate Bullet is identical, therefore, economy pressure extreme difference；Secondly, there is a certain proportion of misfire in fuse, Necessarily result in short range disabler；3rd, the bullet of disabler is fried due to being filled with high energy , there is safety problem after shell landing in medicine.

The content of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is exactly that there is provided a kind of osculum in order to overcome the shortcomings of above-mentioned background technology Footpath split-type short range bullet device.

A kind of small-bore split-type short range bullet device involved in the present invention, including body 1, dress Thing 2 and light tracer device 3 are filled out, projectile nose length is suitable with standard howitzer head length, body The saddle groove 5 of certain length, saddle groove 5 and body head are designed between head 4 and guidance part 6 Portion 4, guidance part 6 are coupled using the tapered portion 7 of rounding off；In projectile nose 4, saddle It is uniformly distributed with some tearing grooves 8 on groove 5 along the circumference, there is appropriate between tearing groove 8 and body inner chamber Part between the reinforcement 9 of thickness, two tearing grooves 8 is upset valve 10.

The present invention action principle be：Bullet under the influence of centrifugal force, during chamber inner movement, makes Upset valve of the projectile head without reinforcement, which is overturn to bore, to be contacted, to have reinforcement couple turn over Turn lobed into support, control has the deflection for overturning valve that reinforcement couples, bullet goes out after gun muzzle, Due to the releasing of radial constraint, under the collective effect of centrifugal force and frontal resistance, valve is overturn Reinforcement be torn in a short time, projectile head becomes propeller shape, with upset valve Continuation upset, bullet ultimately forms umbrella shape.In above-mentioned shape forming process, there is following Short range principle：Firstly, since the upset of valve, the shape of projectile head formation propeller must Causing the aerodynamic shape of bullet becomes very poor, therefore, and short range bullet flies compared with standard howitzer Row is equally penetrated and will be multiplied away from required time, and this viewpoint can be from propeller driver aircraft and jet Formula aircraft flight is same apart from required time, and the several times that the former is the latter are proved (propeller The limit velocity of aircraft is velocity of sound, the maximal rate of jet plane has reached about 3 overtones at present Speed)；Second, due to being spin stabilization bullet, knowable to outer trajectory is theoretical, due to speed and Speed attenuation quickly, necessarily results in projectile flight stability and is drastically deteriorated, therefore, and bullet will very Fast bullet unstability, range must be very short；3rd, knowable to the principle of work and power, switching process must Consumed energy, because the acceleration of bullet energy is consumed, short range bullet projectile flight distance must be than system Formula howitzer is short a lot.

A kind of short range bullet with split-type structure involved in the present invention, its design procedure is as follows：

Step one is supplied according to armament systems plays the design input that interface requirement determines short range bullet, Including bullet bore, weight, length index；

Step 2 is in the case of armament systems feeding bullet requirement is met, it is determined that assembling body, dress Fill out thing and light tracer device；

It is airframe material that step 3, which selects cold-drawn round steel S15A or No. 10 steel, and is moved back Fire processing, it is ensured that the elongation percentage of material is more than 30%；

Step 4 ensure shell reliably supply bullet in the case of, projectile nose 4 be designed to The projectile head length of standard howitzer quite, with projectile nose 4, guidance part 6 adopt by saddle groove 5 Coupled with the tapered portion 7 of rounding off；

Step 5 is uniformly distributed with some tearing grooves 8 along the circumference on projectile nose, tearing groove 8 with It is upset valve to have the part between the reinforcement 9 of suitable thickness, two tearing grooves between body inner chamber 10；

Step 6 cuts off the reinforcement 8 of suitable length since body oral area；

Step 7 is using bullet gun muzzle rotary speed parameter as foundation, with the correlation theory of rotating circular disk Carry out body point valve capacity calculation, the tangential stress (σ of body inner surface_θ) control to be material Yield strength (σ_S) 40%~60%, so far the thickness of reinforcement determine that；

Step 8 is according to step 7 result of calculation, in remaining of progress split-type structure short range bullet After portion structure design, short range bullet bullet detailed technology conceptual design is completed；

Step 9 carries out parts trial-production, experiment.

Step 10 optimizes short range bullet structure according to the test situation of step 9, given to meet Tactical and technical norms requirement.

Advantages of the present invention is respectively：It is possible, firstly, to shell is realized in the case of full powder charge, The maximum range of short range bullet is controlled within the 20% of standard howitzer maximum range；Next, if Count the upset valve of different length, it is possible to achieve bullet maximum range seriation, this function can be with Meet functional requirement of the different user to short range bullet；3rd, upset valve between using reinforcement connection Connect, experiment shows, under square one, it is necessary to several times of tilting force when being no reinforcement, Therefore, upset valve will consume more bullet energy in upset；4th, upset valve it Between using reinforcement connection, even if in the case of not loading other materials in body inner chamber, shell Safe drop height it is also guaranteed, do not influence shell normally to use；5th, this short range bullet device bullet Ball has 4 parts, is body, conduction band, inner chamber fill and light tracer device, device knot respectively Structure is comparatively simple, and economy is superior；6th, this structure does not have exposed plastics, in the absence of viscous thorax Problem；7th, this structure does not have potential safety hazard without explosive after bullet landing.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is 25mm tracer short range bullet projectile structure figures

Fig. 2 is 25mm tracer short range bullet body structure front views；

Fig. 3 is Fig. 2 left view；

Fig. 4 is 25mm tracer short ranges 38 ° of firing angle trajectory charts of bullet；

Fig. 5 is the different gun muzzles of 25mm tracer short ranges bullet apart from wad cutter photo.

In above-mentioned figure, 1- bodies, 2- fills, 3- tracers dress, 4- projectile noses, 5 - saddle groove, 6- guidance parts, 7- tapered portion, 8- tearing grooves, 9- reinforcements, 10- is turned over Turn valve.

Embodiment

The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but the present invention does not limit to In this.

Embodiment 25mm tracer short range bullets

A kind of short range bullet with split-type structure involved by the present embodiment, its projectile structure is such as Shown in Fig. 1, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, its design procedure is as follows for body structure：

The parameters such as bullet weight, the length of step one short range bullet and standard howitzer keep basic one Cause, powder charge cartridge case and standard howitzer are general；

Step 2 completes the design of short range bullet overall technological scheme, mainly assembles body, filling Thing is designed, according to user's needs, chooses whether to design light tracer device；

Step 3 selects low-intensity steel manufacture body of the elongation percentage more than 30%, this example choosing S15A is selected as airframe material, and carries out carbonization treatment；

10mm~30mm saddle groove (5) is designed between step 4 projectile nose and guidance part, The sharp position of saddle groove uses arc transition, and arc radius takes R5~R30；

Step 5 is uniformly distributed along the circumference 3 tearing grooves (8) in projectile nose, and tearing groove is a width of 2mm~5mm, tear slot length exceedes guidance part original position 5mm~20mm, two tears Part between groove is upset valve (10), there is reinforcement (9) between tearing groove and body inner chamber；

Step 6 is since body oral area, and resection length is 5mm~30mm reinforcement；

Step 7 according to Step 5: six determine body structure data, with bullet gun muzzle rotating speed For foundation, using the correlation theory of rotating circular disk, carry out in body point valve capacity calculation, body Tangential stress (the σ on surface_θ) control in material yield strength (σ_S) 40%~60%, Determine therefrom that the thickness of reinforcement；

Step 8 carries out guidance part, conduction band and light tracer device etc. according to step 7 result of calculation Structure design；

Step 9 carries out parts trial-production, verification experimental verification.

Step 10 is according to the test situation of step 9, and with proper amount of simulation calculation, optimization is near Journey bullet structure, the tactical and technical norms requirement given to meet short range bullet.

Fig. 1 is 25mm tracer short range bullet projectile structure schematic diagrames.

Fig. 2 is 25mm tracer short range bullet body structure front views.

Fig. 3 is 25mm tracer short range bullet body structure right views.

Fig. 4 is 25mm tracer short ranges 38 ° of firing angle ballistic curves of bullet.

Fig. 5 is 25mm tracer short range bullet different distance test effect photos.

From fig. 1, it can be seen that the short range bullet is simple in construction, security is good, good manufacturability, economy It is good, shell duties processing no problem, in addition it is more preferable than standard howitzer.

Knowable to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, the short range bullet is by theory analysis, technically with feasibility.

As can be seen from Figure 4, the 25mm tracer short range bullets designed with the present invention, maximum range is only 850 meters, and the maximum range of the howitzer of standard 25 is up to more than 8000 meters, short range bullet maximum range Control ideally realizes short range function within the 10.6% of the howitzer of standard 25.

As can be seen from Figure 5, bullet goes out after gun muzzle in 10m distances interior just completion upset, three lobeds Into propeller shape, because bullet aerodynamic force is anxious according to variation, Projectile Motion to 10m~50m distances Between when, just unstability, 2 hair bullets are horizontal bullet at 50 meters, and shell hole is in umbrella shape, another 1 hair Bullet has been fallen on the ground, and illustrates to subtract Cheng Xiaoguo notable.Can prove from the above, experimental result with it is near The analysis of journey bullet action principle is consistent, and therefore, the short range bullet of the split-type structure is technically It is feasible in engineering.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of short range bullet with split-type structure, including body (1), fill (2) And light tracer device (3), projectile nose length is suitable with standard howitzer head length, projectile nose (4) the saddle groove (5) of certain length, saddle groove (5) are designed between guidance part (6) Coupled with projectile nose (4), guidance part (6) using the tapered portion (7) of rounding off；In bullet It is uniformly distributed with some tearing grooves (8), tearing groove (8) on body head (4), saddle groove (5) along the circumference There is the part between the reinforcement (9) of suitable thickness, two tearing grooves (8) between body inner chamber For upset valve (10).

2. a kind of short range bullet method for designing with split-type structure, it is characterized in that step is as follows：

Step one supplies according to armament systems and plays interface requirement, determines the design input of short range bullet, Including bullet bore, weight, length index；

Step 2 is in the case of armament systems feeding bullet requirement is met, it is determined that assembling body, dress Fill out thing and light tracer device；

It is airframe material that step 3, which selects cold-drawn round steel S15A or No. 10 steel, and is moved back Fire processing, it is ensured that the elongation percentage of material is more than 30%；

Step 4 is in the case where ensureing that shell reliably supplies bullet, and projectile nose (4) is designed to It is suitable with the projectile head length of standard howitzer, saddle groove (5) and projectile nose (4), guidance part (6) coupled using the tapered portion (7) of rounding off；

Step 5 is uniformly distributed with some tearing grooves (8), tearing groove (8) along the circumference on projectile nose There is the part between the reinforcement (9) of suitable thickness, two tearing grooves between body inner chamber to turn over Turn valve (10)；

Step 6 cuts off the reinforcement (8) of suitable length since body oral area；

Step 7 is using bullet gun muzzle rotary speed parameter as foundation, with the correlation theory of rotating circular disk Carry out body point valve capacity calculation, the tangential stress (σ of body inner surface_θ) control to be material Yield strength (σ_S) 40%~60%, so far the thickness of reinforcement determine that；

Step 8 is according to step 7 result of calculation, in remaining of progress split-type structure short range bullet After portion structure design, short range bullet bullet detailed technology conceptual design is completed；

Step 9 carries out parts trial-production, experiment；

Step 10 optimizes short range bullet structure according to the test situation of step 9, given to meet Tactical and technical norms requirement.