CN106501217A - A kind of humidity sensor of the Michelson's interferometer for modifying PVA/CNT based on thin-core fibers - Google Patents
A kind of humidity sensor of the Michelson's interferometer for modifying PVA/CNT based on thin-core fibers Download PDFInfo
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- CN106501217A CN106501217A CN201710017329.2A CN201710017329A CN106501217A CN 106501217 A CN106501217 A CN 106501217A CN 201710017329 A CN201710017329 A CN 201710017329A CN 106501217 A CN106501217 A CN 106501217A
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000252506 Characiformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
- G01N21/45—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
- G01N21/45—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods
- G01N2021/458—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods using interferential sensor, e.g. sensor fibre, possibly on optical waveguide
Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of humidity sensor of the Michelson's interferometer for modifying PVA/CNT (polyvinyl alcohol/carbon nanotubes) based on thin-core fibers, it is characterised in that:Including single-mode fiber (1), thin-core fibers (2), differential of the arc region (3), PVA/CNT thin film (4);The two ends of described thin-core fibers (2) are connected and are connected into linear structure with single-mode fiber (1), differential of the arc region (3) respectively;Shown single-mode fiber (1), thin-core fibers (2), differential of the arc region (3) are connected to form the Michelson's interferometer of all -fiber;The end face in differential of the arc region (3) is used for the cladding mode for inspiring higher level time.Described thin-core fibers (2), differential of the arc region (3) deposited PVA/CNT thin film (4).After plated film, wavelength drifts about to shortwave direction, and intensity extinction ratio increases, and its high humidity regions sensitivity can reach 4.55dB/%RH.Sensitivities of the present invention are good, can increase detection ambient humidity scope, and sensitivity is high, make simply, and anti-outside electromagnetic interference ability is strong, can apply in Practical Project.
Description
Technical field
The invention provides a kind of humidity sensor of the Michelson's interferometer for modifying PVA/CNT based on thin-core fibers,
Belong to technical field of optical fiber sensing.
Background technology
Optic fibre refractive index sensor has attracted extensive attention as one kind of Fibre Optical Sensor, due to its structure micro-
Little, sensitivity is high, the advantage such as easy to manufacture, and some common methods for improving transducer sensitivity are to carry out some spies to optical fiber
Different dissolving or chemical treatment make the refractive index of its environment to external world more sensitive, but these methods are to improve refractive index sensitive
The colleague of degree reduces the pliability of optical fiber itself so as to somewhat limited in actual applications.Most of refractive index sensings
Device can be drifted about with the increase wavelength of extraneous refractive index, and therefore intensity will not occur regular or obvious fluctuating.This
Class sensor is easily limited by FSR (free spectral range), and can not be in relatively wide ranges of indices of refraction
Continuous in real time monitoring is inside carried out.In recent years, increasing people improves sensing by depositing thin film in optical fiber surface
The sensing characteristicses of device.
In recent years, be improve light fibre humidity transducer sensing characteristicses, usually molten with PVA (polyvinyl alcohol)
Liquid is to mix bottom liquid and be dissolved with other solution to improve sensitivity and the refractive index investigative range of light fibre humidity transducer, because
, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a kind of based on thin-core fibers modification PVA/CNT (polyvinyl alcohol/ for this
Carbon nanotubes) Michelson's interferometer humidity sensor, the Michelson's interferometer is by one section of thin-core fibers
It is welded together with single-mode fiber, is allowed to the cladding mode for inspiring a part of thin-core fibers, then the other end electric discharge shape to thin core
Camber, is allowed to after the cladding mode that fusion point is excited, then inspires the cladding mode of higher level time by differential of the arc end face.When thin
Core and cladding mode when first fusion point is coupled, with certain Phase delay, so as to realize core mode and covering
The mode-interference of mould, while depositing one layer of PVA/CNT thin film in the optical fiber surface, PVA/CNT thin film had both remained the property of PVA
Matter, inherits the property of CNT again, and wherein PVA film causes the change of refractive index sensitiveer with the change of external condition, and
Carbon nanotube thin film can make the light transmitted in cladding mode enter the radial edges of thin-core fibers covering, increased cladding mode with the external world
The interference of environment, so that realize the function of improving sensor senses characteristic.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of humidity of the Michelson interferometer for modifying PVA/CNT based on thin-core fibers
Sensor, the refractive index variable quantity that the change of ambient humidity can be caused by the device are converted into the wave length shift of detectable signal
Amount.The measurement range increase of the refractive index for realizing making script structure, and the strong of interference wave spectrum is made with extraneous refraction index changing
Degree change amplitude is improved.There is the features such as simple structure, low cost, higher sensitivity.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention:
A kind of humidity sensor of the Michelson interferometer for modifying PVA/CNT based on thin-core fibers, it is characterised in that:Bag
Include single-mode fiber (1), thin-core fibers (2), differential of the arc region (3), PVA/CNT thin film (4);The two ends of described thin-core fibers (2)
It is connected with single-mode fiber (1), differential of the arc region (3) respectively;Described single-mode fiber (1), thin-core fibers (2), differential of the arc region (3)
It is connected to form the Michelson's interferometer of all -fiber;Described thin-core fibers, that differential of the arc region (3) deposited PVA/CNT is thin
Film (4).
Described single-mode fiber (1), thin-core fibers (2), differential of the arc region (3) can adopt G.652 single-mode fiber, thin core light
The fibre core of fine (2) and cladding diameter are respectively 2 μm~5 μm and 120 μm~130 μm, length L of thin-core fibers (2) for 2mm~
5mm, length l of differential of the arc region (3) is 40 μm~50 μm.
Described differential of the arc region (3) discharges to be formed through heat sealing machine, wherein needs the welding procedure for adjusting heat sealing machine, will electric discharge
Intensity is arranged to normal intensity+7bit, and discharge time is 10,000ms.
The described sensing head for being coated with PVA/CNT thin film (4) is placed in the humidity cabinet of a closing, by the inside
Pump into dry and moistening gas controlling the humidity in humidity cabinet, side by side among other things the change of boundary's environment and cause refractive index
Change cause experimental error.
The present invention operation principle be:
The beam splitting when the basic mode of transmission of the light that bandwidth light source sends in single-mode fiber fibre core reaches first fusion point
And the cladding mode of a part of thin-core fibers is inspired, the end face of the differential of the arc inspires the cladding mode of higher level time, and due to differential of the arc area
The property in domain, excites incident angle when cladding mode reflects, when core mode and cladding mode are coupling in one in first fusion point
When rising, with certain Phase delay, so as to realize the mode-interference of core mode and cladding mode.
PVA/CNT thin film due to depositing both had remained the property of PVA, inherited the property of CNT again, it is seen that be a kind of high
Moisture-sensitive, high index of refraction and the material of high absorptivity, therefore that sensing head is changed to ambient humidity is sensitive for high wet sensitive, high
Refractive index characteristic causes the effective refractive index of cladding mode to change, so as to affect thin-core fibers surface cladding mode suddenly
Die the intensity of ripple, ultimately results in wavelength and the change of extinction ratio of drift value interfering crest and trough.When the humidity of external environment changes
During change, end face has been modified the thin-core fibers of PVA/CNT and has also been changed, and therefore the evanescent wave intensity of cladding mode changes.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The reflex strength of cladding mode is improve after thin-core fibers end face has modified PVA/CNT thin film, makes script structure
Refractive index measurement range increase so as to increase the measurement range of humidity sensor, and make to do with extraneous refraction index changing
The intensity change amplitude for relating to wave spectrum is improved, with the features such as simple structure, low cost, higher sensitivity.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of humidity sensor schematic diagram of the Michelson interferometer for modifying PVA/CNT based on thin-core fibers
Fig. 2 is the interference spectral changes lab diagram of sensor fibre under different ambient humidities
Fig. 3 is the change lab diagram of the intensity of the change interference spectrum with ambient humidity
Wherein, 1 is single-mode fiber, and 2 is thin-core fibers, and 3 is differential of the arc region, and 4 is PVA/CNT thin film
Specific embodiment
Referring to accompanying drawing 1, a kind of humidity sensor of the Michelson's interferometer for modifying PVA/CNT based on thin-core fibers, its
It is characterised by:Including single-mode fiber 1, thin-core fibers 2, differential of the arc region 3, PVA/CNT thin film 4;Described 1 right-hand member of single-mode fiber and
The left end of thin-core fibers 2 is welded together using heat sealing machine after cutting, and described differential of the arc region 3 is located at thin-core fibers 2
Right-hand member, its pass through to set heat sealing machine program and discharge to be formed through heat sealing machine, by single-mode fiber 1, thin-core fibers 2,3 groups of differential of the arc region
Into linear structure, described thin-core fibers 2, differential of the arc region 3 deposited PVA/CNT thin film 4.
Single-mode fiber 1, thin-core fibers 2, differential of the arc region 3 can adopt G.652 single-mode fiber, the fibre core of thin-core fibers 2 and
Cladding diameter is respectively 2 μm~5 μm and 120 μm~130 μm, and length L of thin-core fibers 2 is 2mm~5mm, the length in differential of the arc region 3
Degree l is 40 μm~50 μm.Differential of the arc region 3 discharges to be formed through heat sealing machine, wherein needs the welding procedure for adjusting heat sealing machine, will electric discharge
Intensity is arranged to normal intensity+7bit, and discharge time is 10,000ms.
The method of described PVA/CNT thin film configuration:Configure 9% PVA solution first, then CNT is dissolved, wherein CNT
Course of dissolution as follows:Prepare PSS solution, be mixed solution put in an oscillator vibration 24h most CNT is fully divided
Dissipate in the solution, then supernatant is filtered out with filter paper, then take the PVA and CNT of different proportion and be mixed, utilize afterwards
Piranha solution processes the sensing head for preparing with by the Impurity removal on its surface, finally by the sensing head insertion of drying
To in the mixed solution of PVA/CNT, rapid taking-up is placed in standing 48h in air.
The described sensing head for being coated with PVA/CNT thin film (4) is placed in the humidity cabinet of a closing, by the inside
Pump into dry and moistening gas controlling the humidity in humidity cabinet, side by side among other things the change of boundary's environment and cause refractive index
Change cause experimental error.
Sensing head part of the thin-core fibers and differential of the arc structure after deposition film for sensor, for detecting the different external worlds
Ambient temperature size.During experiment, sensing head is placed in and is wanted in humidity cabinet, controlled not by pumping into the different gases for moistening Chengdu
Same external environment humidity, Fig. 2 is the interference spectral changes lab diagram under different ambient humidities on sensing head, it is seen then that strong
Degree and wavelength all there occurs that drift, wavelength are drifted about to shortwave direction, and the extinction ratio of intensity increases.Fig. 3 is strong under different humidity
Degree fitted figure, can intuitively find out which can reach -4.55dB/%RH in high humidity regions sensitivity.
Claims (3)
1. the present invention proposes a kind of based on thin-core fibers modification PVA/CNT (polyvinyl alcohol/carbon
The humidity sensor of Michelson's interferometer nanotubes), it is characterised in that:Including single-mode fiber (1), thin-core fibers
(2), differential of the arc region (3), PVA/CNT thin film (4);The two ends of described thin-core fibers (2) respectively with single-mode fiber (1), the differential of the arc
Region (3) is connected and is connected into linear structure;Described single-mode fiber (1), thin-core fibers (2), differential of the arc region (3) are connected to form entirely
The Michelson's interferometer of optical fiber;Described thin-core fibers (2), differential of the arc region (3) deposited PVA/CNT thin film (4).
2. a kind of humidity of Michelson's interferometer for being modified PVA/CNT based on thin-core fibers according to claim 1 is passed
Sensor, it is characterised in that:Single-mode fiber (1), thin-core fibers (2), differential of the arc region (3) can adopt G.652 single-mode fiber, thin core
The fibre core of optical fiber (2) and cladding diameter are respectively 2 μm~5 μm and 120 μm~130 μm, length L of thin-core fibers (2) for 2mm~
5mm, length l of differential of the arc region (3) is 40 μm~50 μm.
3. a kind of humidity of Michelson's interferometer for being modified PVA/CNT based on thin-core fibers according to claim 1 is passed
Sensor, it is characterised in that:Coated PVA/CNT thin film (4) had both remained the property of PVA, inherited the characteristic of CNT again.
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Cited By (3)
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CN110207760A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-09-06 | 南京信息工程大学 | The fibre optical sensor and preparation method thereof of temperature and humidity is detected simultaneously |
CN113959606A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-21 | 南京信息工程大学 | Hybrid transverse pressure sensor based on cascade enhancement vernier effect |
CN115355830A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2022-11-18 | 南京信息工程大学 | Optical fiber MI sensor with bending structure, manufacturing method and sensing system |
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CN113959606A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-21 | 南京信息工程大学 | Hybrid transverse pressure sensor based on cascade enhancement vernier effect |
CN113959606B (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2023-09-26 | 南京信息工程大学 | Mixed type transverse pressure sensor based on cascade enhancement vernier effect |
CN115355830A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2022-11-18 | 南京信息工程大学 | Optical fiber MI sensor with bending structure, manufacturing method and sensing system |
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