CN106485469A - A kind of related need-based dynamic exciting mechanism method in position - Google Patents
A kind of related need-based dynamic exciting mechanism method in position Download PDFInfo
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- CN106485469A CN106485469A CN201610855303.0A CN201610855303A CN106485469A CN 106485469 A CN106485469 A CN 106485469A CN 201610855303 A CN201610855303 A CN 201610855303A CN 106485469 A CN106485469 A CN 106485469A
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- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/10—Office automation; Time management
- G06Q10/105—Human resources
- G06Q10/1057—Benefits or employee welfare, e.g. insurance, holiday or retirement packages
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/10—Office automation; Time management
- G06Q10/103—Workflow collaboration or project management
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of related need-based dynamic exciting mechanism method in position, compared to conventional constant excitation mechanism, the present invention dynamically adjusts remuneration according to the real-time requirement of task thus balancing the captivation for user for the perception task.Additionally, method proposes a kind of demand indicator comprehensively features the demand of perception task in terms of deadline of task, completeness and task periphery number of users etc. three.In order to preferably adjust remuneration, task acquisition time is divided into multiple perception cycles by this method, calculates the demand of perception task using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and according to demand updating remuneration in each perception cycle.For needing to collect the platform side of the perception task data with time restriction related to position, the related need-based dynamic exciting mechanism method in position proposed by the present invention can help it to improve income and task completion rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of related dynamic exciting method based on demand analyses in position, belong to intelligent perception field.
Background technology
With scientific and technological development, mobile device (mobile phone, flat board) has been popularized in recent years, and this sends out also to mobile intelligent perception
Exhibition brings chance.Mobile intelligent perception is as basic perception unit using the mobile device of domestic consumer, by mobile interchange
Net carries out consciously or unconscious cooperation, realizing the collection of the distribution data of perception task.Classical intelligent perception system
It is made up of a Cloud Server and substantial amounts of mobile terminal user.Cloud Server release tasks, mobile end subscriber utilizes mobile device
Collect data thus completing issuing of task.Popular, intelligent perception due to now substantial amounts of mobile end subscriber and mobile device
Technology has become as the effective ways collecting mass data, especially for the centralized application related with position of those users.
Now, the application based on intelligent perception also becomes research and development focus both domestic and external, and location-based application is even more general
Time.For example, Detection of Air Quality, intelligent transportation, noise measuring etc..The perception task of this kind of application is to rely on needing of position
To execute task in certain particular location, and the data collected is related to position.Service provider for application
For, he is always desirable to collect high-quality data, but the quality of data again because of different users irregular not
Together.Therefore in order to collect high-quality data, service provider can allow a task be executed by many people.
However, user participate in data collection need to consume oneself muscle power, the time, also will using the mobile device of oneself from
And also can cause the consumption of power supply and flow.So, without the award of a bit, the user of rationality typically will not be actively engaged in
Collection activity.And privacy leakage also can make it be unwilling to contribute the data of oneself for the user of privacy-sensitive.Cause
This for balancing user and task provider so that each user can also be returned while task provider bears interest
Report, the incentive mechanism of research intelligent perception seems particularly significant.There are many work relevant with intelligent perception incentive mechanism in recent years,
Some of them assign the task to user using game theory mechanism and social benefit are maximized.And with to the quality of data
Require more and more higher, some improve the quality of perception data towards the intelligent perception incentive mechanism of quality.In addition with movement
The popularization of equipment, many intelligent perception systems related to position are also suggested.Although currently exist various based on position
The excitation of mobile intelligent perception, but the excitation of most incentive mechanism is issued in task and is started just price and do not changing.
If the task of diverse location has identical to fix a price, the task of remote locations so will certainly be led to nobody shows any interest in, because reason
The user of property can preferentially select apart from oneself near task.And the task of the little position of those flows of the people be easy for ignored.Cause
The captivation of this task essence is being determined by position and price, at the very start if constant excitation, then lead to the suction of task
Gravitation is constant always, then the weak task of captivation just cannot be done, and finally results in low coverage rate.
It is considered herein that constant excitation mechanism Shortcomings, it is badly in need of a kind of dynamic incentive mechanism.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of need-based related to position dynamically to swash
Encourage method.
A kind of related need-based dynamic exciting mechanism method in position is it is characterised in that be based on an intelligent perception
System, this intelligent perception system includes a platform side and some mobile end subscribers, in a perception cycle, specifically includes
Following steps：
Step 1, platform side will need some groups of perception tasks collecting data to be distributed to mobile end subscriber, and user selects one
Sensing results are simultaneously sent to platform side by group task；
Step 2, user's sensing results that platform root evidence received within a perception cycle, based on step analysis Lai quantitative
Calculate the requirements of some groups of perception tasks, and the demand weight of some groups of perception tasks is ranked up；
Step 3, platform root carries out remuneration award according to the ranking results obtaining in step 2 to mobile end subscriber.
In a kind of related need-based dynamic exciting mechanism method in above-mentioned position, in described step 2, described level
The requirements that analysis carrys out some groups of perception tasks of quantitative Analysis are based on a demand indicator, from deadline of task, complete
Progress, three factors of periphery number of users are tested and assessed；It is embodied as closer to deadline, demand is bigger；Task complete into
Degree is lower, and demand is bigger；Task periphery number of users is fewer, and demand is bigger.
In a kind of related need-based dynamic exciting mechanism method in above-mentioned position, demand indicator, from task
The concrete grammar that deadline, schedule, three factors of periphery number of users are tested and assessed is based on below equation：
Expression task tiDemand in kth wheel,Respectively represent be subject to deadline, complete into
Degree, the requirements of surrounding number impact, w1, w2, w3Then represent the relative importance of these three factors respectively.
In a kind of related need-based dynamic exciting mechanism method in above-mentioned position, more lean on for perception task
Nearly deadline, demand is based on more greatly below equation：
Wherein τiRepresenting of task tiDeadline, λ1For the yardstick of control time factor, k represents the current time
Hop count, with the increase of k, the requirements of deadline also increase.
In a kind of related need-based dynamic exciting mechanism method in above-mentioned position, task for perception task
Schedule bigger, demand lower based on below equation：
WhereinRepresenting of task tiSchedule, πiRepresent the pendulous frequency having received,Expression task needs
Pendulous frequency, λ2It is used for controlling the yardstick of schedule factor, withIncrease, the requirements of schedule reduce.
In a kind of related need-based dynamic exciting mechanism method in above-mentioned position, periphery for perception task
Task tails off, demand lower based on below equation：
Wherein NiExpression task tiThe number of users of periphery, and Nmax=max (Ni) represent be task periphery number of users
Big value, λ3It is used for controlling the yardstick of periphery user's factor, with NiIncrease, the requirements of periphery number reduce.
In a kind of related need-based dynamic exciting mechanism method in above-mentioned position, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) combines quantitative fixed
The information of property determining the relative importance step of perception task and three influence factors is：Destination layer is to ask first
The requirements of task, index bed is made up of deadline, schedule and periphery number, selects layer to be to have each task, then makes
Represent the relative importance between different factors with the comparator matrix A of a 3*3, the importance yardstick of international standard in [1,9],
So matrix entries aijSpan in [1,9], finally matrix is normalized by row,Calculate three
The weight of influencing factors for demand, by seeking normalization matrixThe meansigma methodss of row vector, obtain description influence factor relatively important
The weight vectors of property：
In a kind of related need-based dynamic exciting mechanism method in above-mentioned position, perceive the cycle at each, according to
The remuneration step that the real-time requirement of task dynamically adjusts task is：The demand of task and the deadline of task, schedule,
The number of users of periphery is relevant, and the demand of perception task is bigger, and the remuneration that platform side gives is bigger, the real-time requirement according to task from
And dynamically adjust consideration value step and be：It is mapped to N number of demand levels, finally according to demand etc. after requirements are normalized
Level is determining corresponding consideration value：
Represent is task tiTake turns the new remuneration of time period in k,Represent is the demand levels of task, R0Represent
Be demand levels 1 remuneration, λ is the growth step-length of remuneration.
The invention has the advantages that：1 is different from existing constant excitation mechanism, and the present invention exists according to the demand of task
Each new time period updates remuneration.Because conventional mechanism is once it is determined that remuneration is just no longer changed, once this leads to price to set
Put unreasonable, some tasks last will be made cannot to complete before deadline；2 present invention introduces a kind of brand-new demand refers to
Show device, comprehensive analysis in terms of deadline of task, schedule and periphery number of users three, thus feature well
The demand of task；3rd, calculate the relative importance of three influencing factors for demand using analytic hierarchy process (AHP), thus more accurately asking
The requirements of task are gone out；4th, with respect to conventional constant excitation mode, the present invention improves the completion rate of task and to the greatest extent may be used
The income that improve platform of energy.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the hierarchical structure determining mission requirements in analytic hierarchy process (AHP) of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is dynamic exciting mechanism and the comparison diagram based on overall completeness for the constant excitation mechanism.
Fig. 3 is dynamic exciting mechanism and the comparison diagram based on coverage rate for the constant excitation mechanism.
Fig. 4 is dynamic exciting mechanism and the comparison diagram based on average measurement remuneration for the constant excitation mechanism.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, clear, complete retouching is carried out to the scheme in the embodiment of the present invention
State it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Real based on the present invention
Apply example, all other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of not making creative work, all belong to
In the scope of protection of the invention.
The present invention comprises the steps of：
1) intelligent perception system is typically made up of platform side and numerous user carrying smart machine.A perception week
Phase, the perception task needing to collect data is distributed to user by platform side.User selects a group task and uploads sensing results
To platform thus obtaining due remuneration；
2) for the demand of the task of portraying, introduce a kind of new demand indicator, from deadline of task, complete into
Three factors such as degree, periphery number of users make comprehensive test.It is embodied as closer to deadline, demand is bigger；Task is complete
One-tenth progress is lower, and demand is bigger；Task periphery number of users is fewer, and demand is bigger；
3) by analytic hierarchy process (AHP) come the requirements of quantitative Analysis task.The information that analytic hierarchy process (AHP) combines quantitative and qualitative is come
Determine the relative importance of perception task and three influence factors, thus calculating the respective weight of three factors；
4) initial in the perception cycle, the real-time requirement according to task is thus dynamically adjust consideration value.
The remuneration step that the described real-time requirement according to task dynamically adjusts task is：The demand of task with multiple because
Have pass, the deadline of such as task, schedule, the number of users of periphery.The demand of perception task is bigger, and platform side gives
Remuneration bigger.
Described with demand indicator come the demand size of the task of portraying, step is：
Expression task tiDemand in kth wheel,Represent respectively and be subject to deadline, schedule,
The requirements of surrounding number impact, w1, w2, w3Then represent the relative importance of these three factors respectively.
Described for perception task the closer to deadline, the bigger step of demand is：
Wherein τiRepresenting of task tiDeadline, λ1For the yardstick of control time factor, k represents the current time
Hop count.With the increase of k, the requirements of deadline also increase.
The described schedule of task for perception task is bigger, and the lower step of demand is：
WhereinRepresenting of task tiSchedule, πiRepresent the pendulous frequency having received,Expression task needs
Pendulous frequency, λ2It is used for controlling the yardstick of schedule factor.WithIncrease, the requirements of schedule reduce.
Described peripheral tasks for perception task tail off, and the lower step of demand is：
Wherein NiExpression task tiThe number of users of periphery, and Nmax=max (Ni) represent be task periphery number of users
Big value, λ3It is used for controlling the yardstick of periphery user's factor.With NiIncrease, the requirements of periphery number reduce.
With reference to the information of quantitative and qualitative, described analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to determine that perception task and three influence factors' is relative
Significance level step is：Destination layer is the requirements in order to seek task first, and index bed is by deadline, schedule and periphery
Number forms, and selects layer to be to have each task.Then represent relatively heavy between different factors using the comparator matrix A of a 3*3
The property wanted, the importance yardstick of international standard is in [1,9], so matrix entries aijSpan in [1,9].Finally matrix is pressed row
It is normalized,Calculate the weight of three influencing factors for demand.By seeking normalization matrixRow vector
Meansigma methodss, can obtain describing the weight vectors of influence factor's relative importance.
The described real-time requirement according to task thus dynamically adjustment consideration value step be：Requirements are normalized
After be mapped to N number of demand levels, to determine corresponding consideration value finally according to demand levels
Represent is task tiTake turns the new remuneration of time period in k,Represent is the demand levels of task, R0Represent
Be demand levels 1 remuneration, λ is the growth step-length of remuneration.
Embodiment 1
1) in a detecting period section, user selects a group task and sensing results is uploaded to platform.Therefore platform can
To understand the ending in each detecting period section for the schedule of all tasks.Starting in the new time period can be according to each
The demand of business is updating remuneration；
2) the requirements step asking the influence factor relevant with mission requirements is：New time period initialization (renewal) task
The requirements of three influence factorsMake task closer to deadline, deadline, item requirements were got over
Greatly；Task schedule is less, and schedule item requirements are bigger；Task periphery number is fewer, and the several requirements of periphery people are got over
Greatly.
Wherein τiRepresenting of task tiDeadline, λ1For the yardstick of control time factor, k represents the current time
Hop count.With the increase of k, the requirements of deadline also increase.WhereinRepresenting of task tiSchedule, πiRepresent
Pendulous frequency through receiving,The pendulous frequency that expression task needs, λ2It is used for controlling the yardstick of schedule factor.Wherein Ni
Expression task tiThe number of users of periphery, and Nmax=max (Ni) represent is the maximum of task periphery number of users, λ3It is used for controlling
The yardstick of periphery user's factor.With NiIncrease, the requirements of periphery number reduce.
3) step of the relative importance of three influence factors is asked to be using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) (AHP)：
The AHP framework that A, structure demand calculate.In conjunction with Fig. 1 to introduce demand calculating AHP framework, first destination layer be for
Seek the requirements of task, index bed is made up of deadline, schedule and periphery number, select layer to be each perception task.
B, structure pairwise comparison matrix.Represent relatively important between different factors using the comparator matrix A of a 3*3
Property, the importance yardstick of international standard is in [1,9], so matrix entries aijSpan in [1,9].aijExpression factor i is relatively
The relative importance of factor j, aij>Represent when 1 that factor i is more important than factor j, aij<Represent when 1 that factor j is more important than factor i,
aijRepresent when=1 that factor i is the same with factor j important.
C, the normalization matrix of derivation A.Matrix A is normalized by row and obtains matrixThe value scope making each exists
[0,1], and to press the values of row three addition be 1.
D, the weight of three influencing factors for demand of calculating.By seeking normalization matrixThe meansigma methodss of row vector, can obtain
Weight vectors to description influence factor's relative importance.
4) becauseScope [0, λ1Ln2],Scope [0, λ2Ln2],Scope [0, λ3Ln2],
In addition w1+w2+w3=1.So Wherein λmax=max (λ1,λ2,
λ3).
5) value updating remuneration step is according to demand：It is mapped to N number of demand levels after requirements are normalized,
To determine that corresponding consideration value step is finally according to demand levels：
Represent is task tiTake turns the new remuneration of time period in k,Represent is the demand levels of task, R0Represent
Be demand levels 1 remuneration, λ is the growth step-length of remuneration.
Those skilled in the art can make various modifications to described specific embodiment
Or supplement or substituted using similar mode, but the spirit without departing from the present invention or surmount appended claims and determined
The scope of justice.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of related need-based dynamic exciting mechanism method in position is it is characterised in that be based on an intelligent perception system
System, this intelligent perception system includes a platform side and some mobile end subscribers, in a perception cycle, specifically include with
Lower step：
Step 1, platform side will need some groups of perception tasks collecting data to be distributed to mobile end subscriber, and user selects one group and appoints
Sensing results are simultaneously sent to platform side by business；
Step 2, user's sensing results that platform root evidence received within a perception cycle, based on step analysis come quantitative Analysis
The requirements of some groups of perception tasks, and the demand weight of some groups of perception tasks is ranked up；
Step 3, platform root carries out remuneration award according to the ranking results obtaining in step 2 to mobile end subscriber.
2. a kind of related need-based dynamic exciting mechanism method in position according to claim 1 it is characterised in that
In described step 2, the requirements that described step analysis carrys out some groups of perception tasks of quantitative Analysis are based on a demand indicator, from
The deadline of task, schedule, three factors of periphery number of users are tested and assessed；It is embodied as closer to deadline,
Demand is bigger；Task schedule is lower, and demand is bigger；Task periphery number of users is fewer, and demand is bigger.
3. a kind of related need-based dynamic exciting mechanism method in position according to claim 1 it is characterised in that
Demand indicator, the concrete grammar tested and assessed from deadline of task, schedule, three factors of periphery number of users is base
In below equation：
Expression task tiDemand in kth wheel,Represent respectively and be subject to deadline, schedule, around
The requirements of number impact, w1, w2, w3Then represent the relative importance of these three factors respectively.
4. a kind of related need-based dynamic exciting mechanism method in position according to claim 3 it is characterised in that：
The closer to deadline for perception task, demand is based on more greatly below equation：
Wherein τiRepresenting of task tiDeadline, λ1For the yardstick of control time factor, k represents current time hop count,
With the increase of k, the requirements of deadline also increase.
5. a kind of related need-based dynamic exciting mechanism method in position according to claim 3 it is characterised in that：
For perception task, the schedule of task is bigger, demand lower based on below equation：
WhereinRepresenting of task tiSchedule, πiRepresent the pendulous frequency having received,The measurement that expression task needs
Number of times, λ2It is used for controlling the yardstick of schedule factor, withIncrease, the requirements of schedule reduce.
6. a kind of related need-based dynamic exciting mechanism method in position according to claim 3 it is characterised in that：
For perception task, peripheral tasks tail off, demand lower based on below equation：
Wherein NiExpression task tiThe number of users of periphery, and Nmax=max (Ni) represent is the maximum of task periphery number of users,
λ3It is used for controlling the yardstick of periphery user's factor, with NiIncrease, the requirements of periphery number reduce.
7. a kind of dynamic exciting method based on demand analyses according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Analytic hierarchy process (AHP)
Information in conjunction with quantitative and qualitative to determine that the relative importance step of perception task and three influence factors is：Destination layer first
It is the requirements in order to seek task, index bed is made up of deadline, schedule and periphery number, select layer to be to have each
Business, then represents the relative importance between different factors, the importance chi of international standard using the comparator matrix A of a 3*3
Degree is in [1,9], so matrix entries aijSpan in [1,9], finally matrix is normalized by row,
Calculate the weight of three influencing factors for demand, by seeking normalization matrixThe meansigma methodss of row vector, obtain describing influence factor's phase
Weight vectors to importance：
8. a kind of dynamic exciting method based on demand analyses according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：In each perception
In the cycle, the remuneration step that the real-time requirement according to task dynamically adjusts task is：The demand of task and the deadline of task,
Schedule, periphery number of users relevant, the demand of perception task is bigger, and the remuneration that platform side gives is bigger, according to task
Real-time requirement thus dynamically adjustment consideration value step be：It is mapped to N number of demand levels, finally after requirements are normalized
Grade is determining corresponding consideration value according to demand：
Represent is task tiTake turns the new remuneration of time period in k,Represent is the demand levels of task, R0Represent be
The remuneration of demand levels 1, λ is the growth step-length of remuneration.
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| CN109068288A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2018-12-21 | 福建师范大学 | A kind of method and system selecting mobile intelligent perception incentive mechanism based on more properties users |
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| CN111160744A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-05-15 | 中国计量大学 | Evaluation method for emergency handling capacity of subway operation emergency based on AHP |
| CN111507757A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-08-07 | 中南大学 | Crowd sensing excitation method for improving task completion rate of remote area |
| CN111507757B (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2024-03-15 | 中南大学 | Crowd sensing excitation method for improving task completion rate in remote areas |
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