CN106482117B - Domestic garbage pyrolysis processing method and processing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention seeks to provide a kind of domestic garbage pyrolysis processing method and processing device, including is added in pyrolysis installation after just picking classification processing and carries out pyrolysis processing house refuse comprising following method and step, 1）It is drying rubbish that classification house refuse, which is placed in drying in pyrolysis installation,；2）Drying rubbish is pyrolyzed, controls the burning of rubbish gradient temperature, forms lime-ash and mixed gas, 3）Mixed gas high-temp combustion be exhaust gas, 4）Exhaust gas is processed into tail gas；The pyrolysis installation includes pyrolysis furnace body, and the pyrolysis furnace body includes former waste layer area, rubbish baking zone, incineration firing area and mixing Flash Gas Compression Skid System；Especially the house refuse of wast rural area is effectively treated, its be by house refuse through just pick classification processing after, drying is carried out again and gradient temperature burning is carried out to rubbish, to realize the completely burned processing to residents in rural community and not can cause environmental pollution.

Description

Domestic waste pyrolysis treatment method and device

Technical Field: The present invention relates to a domestic waste treatment method and device, in particular to a domestic waste pyrolysis treatment method and device.

Background technology: With the continuous improvement of people's production and living standards, people's requirements for production and living environments are also getting higher and higher. People's domestic garbage disposal is becoming more and more popular, and a relatively complete treatment system and perfect operation have been formed for the treatment of urban domestic garbage.

However, for the vast rural areas, due to the wide geographical distribution of the rural population, people's domestic waste is also relatively scattered. For a long time, people in the vast rural areas have disposed of domestic waste by discarding it in the surrounding natural conditions of the rural villages. middle. Moreover, due to the serious lag in the construction of domestic waste treatment facilities in rural areas or even no treatment facilities, and the relatively poor awareness of environmental protection of some farmers, many solid wastes that are difficult to recycle, such as disposable plastic products, waste batteries, lamp tubes, light bulbs, etc. Many natural rivers and streams have become natural trash cans. Random piles of domestic garbage in rural areas not only encroach on the land, but also become a breeding ground for mosquitoes, mice and pathogens. As time goes by, the mixed garbage rots, stinks, ferments and even reacts, which not only releases gases that are harmful to human health, but also pollutes water and soil with the leachate of the garbage, which in turn affects the quality of agricultural products. In addition, the leakage of some toxic substances in the garbage, such as heavy metals and pesticide residues in discarded pesticide bottles, migrates more and more widely with the erosion of rainwater, and is likely to threaten the health of residents through the food chain.

At present, domestic waste is mainly processed through comprehensive utilization, sanitary landfill, incineration and composting, among which incineration is the most commonly used technology for disposal of domestic waste. After incineration, domestic waste can be treated efficiently, stably, quickly and thoroughly. However, the process of incineration and treatment of domestic waste currently used in the market is relatively complicated, the investment cost is too large, and the throughput is too small. Generally, there is no device specially designed for dioxin removal, and simple incineration treatment is likely to cause secondary pollution to the environment. However, it is difficult to implement large-scale waste incineration stations and devices in vast rural areas. Therefore, existing waste incineration devices It is not suitable for small towns and rural construction applications.

Whether it is fossil raw material waste or organic biomass waste, domestic waste contains a large amount of organic matter, such as plastics, rubber, cloth, paper, grass, branches, kitchen waste, etc. These organic matters are combustible. Under the condition of sufficient oxygen, the organic matter in the garbage can be directly burned to produce water and carbon dioxide, and release heat energy; under the condition of anaerobic or anoxic heating, "pyrolysis" occurs, and the chemical bonds of organic compounds are broken, and the large molecular weight is converted into small Molecular gas, oil or grease liquid and coke, etc.

How to provide a rural domestic waste treatment method and device, so that the rural domestic waste can be reduced and harmless at the fastest speed, and the harmful gas generated when the waste is incinerated, especially the second The problem that oxins are directly discharged into the atmosphere and cause secondary pollution to the environment, that is, non-polluting treatment methods and devices. Provide a method that can burn and pyrolyze domestic waste in vast rural areas, completely kill bacteria and viruses in the waste, and decompose foul-smelling ammonia gas and organic waste gas at high temperature, with a pyrolysis temperature above 850°C. At the same time, the rising hot air is absorbed by the upper layer of wet garbage, dries the upper layer of garbage, and generates a large amount of steam. The dust and toxic and harmful substances in the heat generated by pyrolysis are absorbed by the upper layer of garbage, and enter the pyrolysis layer for secondary decomposition. At the same time, the design There is a waste gas treatment device, so that the exhaust gas discharged from the top does not contain any dioxins and harmful gases, which can meet the national emission requirements and produce no pollution. The invention discloses a method and device for treating household garbage in order to realize the purpose of reduction, harmlessness, and pollution-free at the fastest speed.

Summary of the invention: The present invention aims to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings, aim at the deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a domestic waste pyrolysis treatment method and device, especially for the effective treatment of domestic waste in vast rural areas, which is to first sort the domestic waste After classified treatment, drying and gradient temperature combustion are carried out on the garbage, so as to realize the complete combustion treatment of rural domestic garbage without causing secondary pollution to the environment.

The object of the present invention is a domestic waste pyrolysis treatment method, which includes putting the domestic waste into a pyrolysis device for pyrolysis after primary sorting and classification treatment, which includes the following method steps, 1) placing the classified domestic waste in pyrolysis Drying in the device is dry garbage; 2) Pyrolyze the dry garbage, control the gradient temperature of the garbage and burn it to form ash and mixed gas, 3) The mixed gas is burned into waste gas by plasma gasification in the plasma gasification device at high temperature, 4) The exhaust gas is processed into tail gas by the gas-liquid treatment device, and the tail gas is discharged or returned to the pyrolysis device through the exhaust pipe, and the ash is recycled to make fertilizer.

In the pyrolysis treatment method of domestic waste according to the present invention, the gradient temperature combustion of waste in step 2) includes anaerobic combustion and aerobic combustion, and the combustion rate of aerobic combustion is controlled to be 3.2-3.8 kg/min, and the control is The oxygen combustion temperature is 850-1200°C, and the thickness of the aerobic combustion garbage layer is controlled to be 10-15cm.

According to the pyrolysis treatment method of domestic garbage in the present invention, the 3) step controls the plasma gasification high-temperature combustion temperature in the plasma gasification device to be 1200-1600°C.

Further, in the pyrolysis treatment method of domestic waste, in step 4), the gas-liquid treatment device is provided with a fat-soluble solution.

Another object of the present invention is a device for implementing the above domestic waste pyrolysis treatment method, including a waste pyrolysis device and an exhaust pipe arranged on the waste pyrolysis device, and the pyrolysis device includes a pyrolysis furnace body , the pyrolysis furnace body includes the original garbage layer area, the garbage drying area, the garbage burning area and the mixed gas treatment device; the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace body is provided with a mixed gas containing area, and the lower part is provided with an ash chamber area, so The mixed gas storage area is connected to the mixed gas processing device through a connecting pipe; the garbage combustion area includes an oxygen-enriched combustion layer area and an oxygen-free combustion layer area.

According to the device of the present invention, preferably, the mixed gas processing device includes a waste gas slow storage chamber and a plasma gasification chamber; the upper part of the waste gas slow storage chamber is connected to the mixed gas on the pyrolysis furnace body through a connecting pipe, and the lower part of the plasma gasification chamber is connected. Accommodating area; the plasma gasification chamber is provided with a plasma gasification device, the plasma gasification chamber is connected with a tail gas pipe, and the outlet end of the tail gas pipe is connected with an exhaust pipe.

According to the device of the present invention, preferably, the pyrolysis furnace body is also provided with a solar garbage drying device, and the solar garbage drying device includes a solar heat collector, a drying box, a circulation channel and a circulation conveyor. There is a circulation drying pipe in the dry box, and the circulation drying pipe is connected to the heat supply pipe and the heat recovery pipe respectively, and the other ends of the heat supply pipe and the heat recovery pipe are respectively connected to the solar collector, and the circulation channel is set in the drying box .

In the device of the present invention, a gas-liquid treatment device is further provided on the exhaust pipe, and a fat-soluble solution is provided in the gas-liquid treatment device; the gas-liquid treatment device is connected to the outlet end of the exhaust pipe.

According to the device of the present invention, preferably, the inner cavity of the pyrolysis furnace body is provided with a number of fire grate layers corresponding to the original garbage layer area, garbage drying area, and garbage burning area, and the fire grate layer is an inverted trapezoid structure, the long side of the trapezoidal structure is connected to the inner wall of the pyrolysis furnace.

In the device, the plasma gasification chamber of the mixed gas processing device is connected to the gas-liquid processor of the exhaust pipe through the tail gas pipe or connected to the pyrolysis furnace body through the connecting pipe backflow.

A further aspect of the plasma gasification device of the present invention adopts a plasma gasification torch.

The present invention adopts the above-mentioned method and device, which has the following beneficial effects, and realizes the principles of clean production, comprehensive utilization, less investment, less land occupation, reliable operation, convenient management and low cost of rural household garbage;

The method and device of the present invention are processed and operated in accordance with the requirements of the relevant environmental protection regulations and emission standards of the state and environmental protection departments at all levels, especially can greatly reduce the generation and emission of dioxins in the combustion process, and realize low investment , the principle of low operating cost and convenient management; according to the requirements of the owner, especially the actual situation in the vast rural areas, comprehensive consideration has been made to reduce the discharge of rural garbage and the reduction of garbage after pyrolysis; the processing method of the present invention technical equipment operation Reliable and stable operation of waste pyrolysis; realizes the unity of environmental, economic and social benefits, and minimizes land occupation and construction investment, and saves operating costs under the conditions of meeting process operations and up-to-standard emissions.

In the domestic garbage in the vast rural areas, the present invention simply classifies the domestic garbage collected from various places, that is, the recyclable or non-directly incinerable domestic garbage is first classified and recycled, and then it is suitable for incineration treatment. Domestic waste, whether it is fossil raw material waste or organic biomass waste, contains a large amount of organic matter, such as plastics, rubber, cloth, paper, grass, branches, kitchen waste, etc. These organic matters are combustible. Under the condition of sufficient oxygen, the organic matter in the garbage can be directly burned to produce water and carbon dioxide, and release heat energy; under the condition of anaerobic or anoxic heating, "pyrolysis" occurs, and the chemical bonds of organic compounds are broken, and the large molecular weight is converted into small Gas, oil or grease liquid, coke, etc. of mixed gas with molecular weight.

The method of the present invention and the furnace of the pyrolysis furnace device have a reasonable structure, improve the conditions of combustion, pyrolysis, drying, and filtration in the furnace, and realize the complete combustion of domestic garbage under the condition that the air excess coefficient is close to 1, and the combustion temperature reaches 850 ℃, thus effectively reducing the formation of dioxin precursors.

At the same time, the method of the present invention is to take measures to control the gradient distribution combustion of the combustion temperature in the furnace, and effectively prolong the combustion residence time of domestic garbage in the pyrolysis furnace body to more than 3 days, ensuring that the mixed gas, that is, flue gas, is in the pyrolysis furnace body The rising speed is as low as 0.006m/s, equivalent to about 0.37m/min. The smoke diffuses slowly during the rising process, and the dust is fully absorbed and filtered. However, the PCDD/Fs generated in the pyrolysis furnace of the device is mainly attached to the surface of the dust in solid form, and the emission of dioxins is extremely low. ng-TEQ/Nm ³ .

After the combustion and pyrolysis of the method of the present invention, the bacteria and viruses in the garbage are completely killed, and the foul-smelling ammonia gas and organic waste gas are pyrolyzed, and the pyrolysis temperature reaches above 850°C. Absorb and dry the upper layer of garbage, generate a large amount of steam, the dust and toxic and harmful substances in the hot gas generated by pyrolysis are absorbed by the upper layer of garbage, and enter the pyrolysis layer again for secondary decomposition, and there is also a mixed gas on the pyrolysis furnace body Processing device, the mixed gas gas produced by pyrolysis is processed by the high-temperature combustion treatment of the plasma gasification device of the mixed gas processing device. The high-temperature combustion temperature of the plasma can reach above 1200 ° C, which can fully burn the mixed gas, especially for the mixed gas containing The decomposition and combustion of dioxin gas can completely burn and remove the gas components containing dioxin. According to the chemical properties of dioxin, it will be completely pyrolyzed above 1200°C, and there are still a small amount of toxic and harmful substances that have not been completely decomposed. The gas is absorbed and treated by the gas-liquid treatment device and then discharged directly, or returned to the pyrolysis furnace body through the connecting pipe and mixed with air for further combustion, realizing harmless discharge, so the flue gas discharged from the top can meet the national emission requirements , no pollution occurs. However, the dust produced in the pyrolysis continues to accumulate to form ash, and the toxic and harmful substances are completely decomposed after repeated pyrolysis. Therefore, the pyrolysis process and device of the present invention can be used to reduce the waste at the fastest speed. , harmless, non-polluting purposes.

Description of the drawings: Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the solar garbage drying device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of part I gas-liquid treatment device 10 in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the furnace wall body of part II pyrolysis furnace body 1 in Figs. 1 and 2;

In the figure, 1. Pyrolysis furnace body, 2. Plasma gasification chamber, 3. Exhaust gas slow storage chamber, 4. Tail gas pipe, 5. Plasma gasification device, 6. Fan air distribution valve, 7. 701, Control valve, 8. Oxygen-enriched combustion layer area, 9. Oxygen-free combustion layer area, 10. Gas-liquid treatment device, 11. Solar garbage drying device, 12. Ash outlet, 13. Ash chamber area, 14. Mixed gas storage Cavity, 15, garbage inlet, 16, exhaust pipe, 17, fan, 18, drying garbage inlet, 19 original garbage layer area, 20, garbage drying area, 21, solar collector, 22, heating Pipe, 23, heat recovery pipe, 24, drying box, 25, exhaust fan, 26, circulation drying pipe, 27, circulation conveyor, 28, circulation channel, 29, drying garbage, 30, fat-soluble solution, 31, Groove pool, 32, groove cover body, 33, through hole, 34, furnace outer wall layer, 35, furnace inner wall layer, 36, insulation layer, 37, trapezoidal grate, 38, trapezoidal grate long side, 39, detection port , 40, air branch pipe, 41, ash grate, 42, pyramid-shaped device, 43, high temperature resistant protective layer, 44, guardrail.

Specific embodiments: the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

The following examples will help to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the content of the present invention.

A kind of household garbage pyrolysis treatment method described in the present invention comprises the household garbage that is first sorted and sorted, and the domestic garbage that is about to be recyclable and not suitable for garbage incineration is proposed through simple classification, and most of them can be processed One type of waste incineration, such as organic biomass waste, contains a large amount of organic matter, such as plastics, rubber, cloth, paper, vegetation, branches, kitchen waste, etc.; it is added to the pyrolysis device for pyrolysis treatment, which is specifically as follows Method steps, 1) Put the sorted domestic waste in a pyrolysis device to dry it into dry waste. In the drying process of domestic waste, the waste to be dried can be directly placed in the pyrolysis furnace body or it can be dried by solar energy waste. The dry device is dried and then added to the pyrolysis furnace device; 2) The dried garbage is pyrolyzed, and the gradient temperature of the garbage is controlled to burn to form ash and mixed gas. The ash falls into the ash chamber and the mixed gas enters upwards. Mixed gas containing chamber, the garbage gradient temperature combustion includes aerobic combustion and anaerobic combustion, generally controlled aerobic combustion is located in the lower part of the pyrolysis furnace body and anaerobic combustion is located in the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace body, that is, anaerobic combustion It is located above the aerobic combustion, and controls the combustion rate of the aerobic combustion of the dried garbage at 3.2-3.8 kg/min, generally at 3.3 kg/min, and at the same time controls the aerobic combustion temperature at 850°C to 1200°C, generally at 900°C ℃, about 10-15cm, and control to keep the thickness of the garbage layer of aerobic combustion at 10-15cm, so that it is consistent with the speed of the combustion and the mixed gas generated; 3) The mixed gas is combusted at high temperature by plasma gasification in the plasma gasification device For waste gas, it is to burn the mixed gas plasma gasification device at high temperature and control the combustion temperature at 1200°C to 1600°C. Generally, it can effectively make the dioxin in the mixed gas produced during the garbage combustion process effective if it is controlled above 1200°C. Decomposition is enough, which can effectively save energy and reduce operating costs. 4) The waste gas is further processed into tail gas by the fat-soluble solution in the gas-liquid treatment device to the remaining small amount of gas that may contain dioxins, which is mainly Using the chemical properties of dioxins soluble in fat-soluble solutions, the possible dioxin gas is processed into tail gas, and finally the tail gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe or returned to the pyrolysis device, and the ash is recycled to make fertilizer. Through the treatment of the above-mentioned method of the present invention, the burning residence time of domestic waste in the pyrolysis furnace body can reach more than 3 days, so that the domestic waste can be effectively and harmlessly treated.

Example 1:

As shown in Fig. 1, the structural diagram of the device of a kind of embodiment of the present invention, pyrolysis furnace body 1 is cylindrical structure, and its furnace cavity is cylindrical spherical structure, and the bottom is circular arc bottom surface structure, in pyrolysis furnace The bottom of the body 1 is provided with an ash chamber area 13, and the ash chamber area 13 is provided with an ash outlet 12 on the furnace wall body. There is an exhaust pipe 16, and a gas-liquid treatment device 10 is arranged on the exhaust pipe 16; the inner cavity of the pyrolysis furnace body 1 is sequentially provided with a mixed gas accommodation area, that is, a mixed gas accommodation chamber 14, from top to bottom. Layer area 19, garbage drying area 20 and garbage burning area and ash chamber area 13, said garbage burning area includes oxygen-enriched combustion layer area 8, oxygen-free combustion layer area 9; in the original garbage layer area 19, garbage drying A trapezoidal fire grate 37 is respectively arranged between each layer of the anaerobic combustion layer area 9 of the district 20 and the garbage combustion district, and the two ends of the trapezoidal fire grate long sides 38 of the trapezoidal fire grate 37 are fixedly connected to the pyrolysis furnace respectively. On the wall surface of the inner cavity of the body 1, the trapezoidal grate 37 is a high-temperature-resistant, corrosion-resistant tungsten steel plate structure; the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace body 1 is respectively provided with a detection port 39, and the top is also provided with a Garbage entrance 15.

A mixed gas processing device is provided on the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace body 1, and the mixed gas processing device includes a waste gas slow storage chamber 3 and a plasma gasification device 5. The plasma gasification device 5 described in this embodiment is a plasma gasification device. The lower part of the torch and the waste gas slow storage chamber 3 is connected to the mixed gas chamber 14 on the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace body 1 through a connecting pipe, and the upper part is connected to the plasma gasification chamber 2, and a plasma gasification device is installed in the plasma gasification chamber 2 5. The plasma gasification chamber 2 is provided with an exhaust pipe 4 , and the other end of the exhaust pipe 4 is connected to the gas-liquid treatment device 10 of the exhaust pipe 16 . The blower fan 17 is connected to the rubbish combustion zone at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace body 1 through the blower fan air distribution valve 6 and the air duct and the control valve 7 .

Pyramid-shaped devices 42 are respectively arranged in the oxygen-enriched combustion layer area 8 and the oxygen-free combustion layer area 9 of the garbage combustion area. . This facilitates the exchange and circulation of hot and cold gases during garbage burning, and facilitates the gradient temperature burning speed of the control garbage, etc.; meanwhile, a high temperature resistant protective layer 43 is provided on the inner cavity wall of the pyrolysis furnace body 1; The top of 1 is positioned at garbage entrance 15 end faces and establishes guardrail 44 as safety production guardrail.

As shown in Figure 4, it is a schematic cross-sectional view of the gas-liquid treatment device 10 located at part I on the exhaust pipe 16 in Figure 1 , the gas-liquid treatment device 10 provided on the exhaust pipe 16 of the present invention, so Described gas-liquid processing device 10 comprises groove pool 31, is provided with the groove cover body 32 that matches with groove pool 31 on the top of groove pool 31, is provided with fat-soluble solution 30 in groove pool 31, and groove cover The body 32 is also set as a concave-convex structure corresponding to the groove pool 31, and its concave-convex structure is located on the cover body structure in the fat-soluble solution 30 of the groove pool 31 and is provided with a through hole 33, and the through hole 33 is located in the fat-soluble solution. solution 30, to facilitate the discharge of the treated waste gas; one end of the tail gas pipe 4 is connected to the groove pool 31, so that the mixed gas discharged from the tail gas pipe 4 is processed by the fat-soluble solution 30 in the gas-liquid treatment device 10 The purpose of the fat-soluble solution 30 is also designed to eliminate the residual dioxin gas produced by the combustion of the pyrolysis furnace device, utilizing the characteristics that dioxin is easily soluble in the fat-soluble solution 30, and dissolving the dioxin The complete removal of gas ensures the harmless discharge produced by the combustion device of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 5, the schematic structural view of the furnace wall body of the pyrolysis furnace body 1 according to the present invention, the furnace wall body of the present invention comprises a furnace outer wall layer 34, a furnace inner wall layer 35 and an insulating layer 36, and the furnace outer wall layer 34 is designed as a brick outer wall layer or a concrete layer structure, and the furnace inner wall layer 35 is a refractory layer of high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant materials; A high temperature resistant protective layer 43 is provided on the furnace inner wall layer 35 on the wall surface of the inner cavity.

Example 2:

As shown in Figure 2, which is another embodiment of the present invention, the inner cavity of the pyrolysis furnace body 1 is sequentially provided with a mixed gas containing chamber 14, a garbage combustion area and an ash chamber area 13 from top to bottom. The combustion zone includes an oxygen-enriched combustion layer area 8 and an oxygen-free combustion layer area 9; a fire grate is respectively set between the oxygen-enriched combustion layer area 8 and the oxygen-free combustion layer area 9 and the ash chamber area 13, and is located in an oxygen-free combustion layer area. The fire grate in the oxygen combustion layer area 9 can be set as a trapezoidal fire grate 37, and the furnace body wall of the pyrolysis furnace body 1 on the top of the anaerobic combustion layer area 9 of the garbage combustion area is provided with a drying garbage feeding port 18. A solar drying device 11 is connected to the drying garbage feed port 18. As shown in Figure 3, the solar drying device 11 includes a solar heat collector 21, a heat supply pipe 22, a heat return pipe 23, and a drying Case 24, circulation drying pipe 26, circulation conveyer 27, circulation passage 28; One end of heat supply pipe 22 is connected on the solar heat collector 21, and circulation drying pipe 26 and circulation passage 28 are established in drying box 24, The other end of the heat supply pipe 22 is connected to the circulation drying pipe 26, and one end of the heat return pipe 23 is connected to the circulation drying pipe 26, and the other end is connected to the solar heat collector 21, and the circulation conveyor 27 will The dry waste 29 is transported from the dry waste feed port 18 into the inner cavity of the pyrolysis furnace body 1 . With embodiment 1, this embodiment is provided with the mixed gas treatment device on the top of pyrolysis furnace body 1, but is not provided with gas-liquid treatment device on exhaust pipe 16, is provided with detection port 39 more than on the top of pyrolysis furnace body 1. It is beneficial to detect and control the burning speed of garbage gradient temperature. The fan 17 is connected to the fan air distribution valve 6, and the tail gas pipe 4 is connected to the fan air distribution valve 6 through a pipe, and connected to the exhaust pipe 16 through another branch pipe, or the waste gas discharged from the tail gas pipe 4 is directly discharged to the outside . The fan air distribution valve 6 is connected to the oxygen-free combustion layer area 9 of the pyrolysis furnace body 1 through the connecting pipe provided with the control valve 7, and is connected to the oxygen-enriched combustion layer area 8 of the pyrolysis furnace body 1 through another air branch pipe 40 , a control valve 701 is set on the air branch pipe 40 . The garbage burned in this embodiment is sorted, easy to burn and does not produce harmful or toxic gases, which can be dried by the solar drying device 11 and directly enter the burning area, paper, grass, branches, kitchen waste, etc. Trash etc.

The specific pyrolysis combustion process is as follows:

After preliminary sorting, the domestic garbage to be treated is directly poured into the inner cavity of the pyrolysis furnace body 1 from the garbage inlet 15 on the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace body 1 of the pyrolysis treatment device, the scheme of embodiment 1; or After the sorted garbage is dried by the solar drying device 11, it is fed into the inner cavity of the pyrolysis furnace body 1 through the drying garbage inlet 18 provided on the side of the pyrolysis furnace body 1 . For example, 5 tons of household garbage are put in every day, and the thickness is about 1.5 meters. The domestic garbage in the original garbage layer sinks slowly, and undergoes final heat exchange and adsorption with the upward moving flue gas; drying through the drying layer means that the hot flue gas at about 600 ° C is transmitted to the domestic garbage in the drying layer. The thermal process is mainly to gasify the water in domestic waste into water vapor, the temperature of domestic waste rises from below 100°C to above 200°C, and the temperature of flue gas drops from about 600°C to 150°C. At this time, the thickness of the material layer of the garbage is controlled at about 2.5m; then it enters the combustion layer area and burns through the anoxic pyrolysis layer. The thermal process is partly direct radiation of heat and partly heat transfer between flue gas and garbage. The domestic waste in the pyrolysis layer is partially pyrolyzed to produce coke, tar and some combustible gas as a mixture. Since the amount of combustion in the aerobic combustion layer is very small, and pyrolysis needs to absorb a large amount of heat, the pyrolysis layer is rapidly heated to above 400°C, and the temperature of the flue gas drops below 600°C; a small amount of pyrolysis products directly follow the garbage down Moving into the combustion layer, the temperature of the lower part of the pyrolysis layer is about 700°C, and the temperature of the upper part is about 400°C, and the thickness of the garbage material layer is controlled to be about 0.5m. For the domestic waste in the whole furnace body, the pyrolysis furnace is in anoxic state, but for the domestic waste in the aerobic combustion layer, it is in a burning state, and the domestic waste is fully burned. The combustion rate of the garbage is controlled at about 3.3kg/min, and the temperature of the aerobic combustion layer is above 850°C, and the thickness of the garbage is about 10cm, so that the mixed gas produced by combustion is matched with the gas-liquid treatment device, and at the same time, the combustion gas is controlled so as not to Exhausted directly into the atmosphere without treatment. The garbage ash produced after the combustion of the aerobic combustion layer area 8 and the anaerobic combustion layer area 9 enters the ash chamber area 13 and is discharged from the ash outlet 12 for use as organic fertilizer. And the mixed gas produced after the domestic waste is burned is collected in the mixed gas containing chamber 14 and is directly discharged outwards after testing that the harmless components are less or absent. When it is detected that the harmful gas content in the mixed gas component is high, the mixed gas will be burnt into high-temperature plasma gasification through the plasma gasification torch of the plasma gasification device 5 to be waste gas to control its combustion temperature to be greater than 1200° C. The waste gas produced is treated as tail gas by the gas-liquid treatment device 10, and the tail gas is discharged or returned to the pyrolysis device through the exhaust pipe 16. The purpose of this treatment is mainly to prevent the exhaust gas from containing dioxin gas to prevent the Secondary pollution of the environment, because dioxin gas will be decomposed at a high temperature above 1200°C. Soluble solution absorption, which completely removes the harmful gas produced during the garbage combustion process.

After the combustion method and device of the present invention are used to incinerate rural domestic waste, the mixed gas produced after detection contains N ₂ , accounting for 47.28%, the same below, CO, 25.08%, CO ₂ , 5.36% %, H ₂ , 17.08%, CH ₄ , 4.07%, HCl, 0.18%, and the rest include harmful gases such as hydrogen disulfide, sulfur dioxide and dioxin. Harmful gases are completely removed after being treated by the above method and device.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation scope of the present invention. Those who are familiar with this technology use the principles and technical characteristics of the present invention to make various changes and decorations. It should be covered within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of domestic garbage pyrolysis processing method, including house refuse is added after just picking classification processing in pyrolysis installation Pyrolysis processing is carried out, it is characterized in that including following method and step, 1）It is baking that classification house refuse, which is placed in drying in pyrolysis installation, Dry rubbish；2）Drying rubbish is pyrolyzed, controls the burning of rubbish gradient temperature, forms lime-ash and mixed gas, 3）Gaseous mixture Body through plasma gasification high-temp combustion in plasma gasification device be exhaust gas, 4）It is tail gas that exhaust gas is handled through gas-liquid processing device, Tail gas recycles fertilizer processed through arranging or being back to pyrolysis installation, lime-ash outside exhaust pipe；

2）It includes anoxycausis and oxy combustion to walk the rubbish gradient temperature burning, controls incineration firing speed when oxy combustion Degree is 3.2-3.8 kg/min, and 850-1200 DEG C of control oxy combustion temperature, control oxy combustion rubbish layer thickness is 10- 15cm；

3）It is 1200-1600 DEG C that step, which controls plasma gasification high-temp combustion temperature in the plasma gasification device,.

2. a kind of domestic garbage pyrolysis processing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that 4）Walk the gas-liquid processing dress Fat-soluble solution is equipped in setting.

3. a kind of device for realizing domestic garbage pyrolysis processing method described in claim 1, including refuse pyrolysis plant and set In the exhaust pipe on refuse pyrolysis plant, it is characterized in that the pyrolysis installation includes pyrolysis furnace body, the pyrolysis furnace body includes original Waste layer area, rubbish baking zone, incineration firing area and mixing Flash Gas Compression Skid System；It is accommodated equipped with gaseous mixture in the top of pyrolysis furnace body Area, lower part are equipped with area of cinder chamber, and the gaseous mixture receiving area is connected to mixing Flash Gas Compression Skid System by connecting tube；The rubbish combustion It includes oxygen-enriched combusting floor area and anoxycausis floor area to burn area；

The mixing Flash Gas Compression Skid System includes that exhaust gas delays reservoir, plasma gasification room；The exhaust gas delays reservoir top through connecting tube Connection plasma gasification room lower part is communicated in the gaseous mixture receiving area on pyrolysis furnace body；Be equipped in the plasma gasification room it is equal from Sub- gasification installation is connected with offgas duct on plasma gasification room, and the outlet end of offgas duct is connected to exhaust pipe；

Solar energy rubbish drying unit is additionally provided on the pyrolysis furnace body, the solar energy rubbish drying unit includes solar energy collection Hot device, drying box, circulation canal and cycle carrier, in being equipped with cycle drying pipe in drying box, cycle drying pipe is separately connected In heating tube and product heat cal rod, the other end of heating tube and product heat cal rod is connected on solar thermal collector, and circulation canal is set to In drying box.

4. device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that the exhaust pipe is equipped with gas-liquid processing device, the gas-liquid processing Fat-soluble solution is equipped in device；Gas-liquid processing device connects offgas duct outlet end.

5. device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that the inner cavity of the pyrolysis furnace body is equipped with several and described former waste layer Area, rubbish baking zone, the corresponding fire grate floor in incineration firing area, the fire grate layer are inverted trapezoidal structure, the long side of trapezium structure It is connected in pyrolysis oven body on wall surface.

6. device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that the plasma gasification room of the mixing Flash Gas Compression Skid System is through offgas duct It is connected to the gas-liquid processor of exhaust pipe or is connected on pyrolysis furnace body through connecting tube reflux.