CN106478979A - 一种含有二氟丙烷的发泡剂及其应用 - Google Patents

一种含有二氟丙烷的发泡剂及其应用 Download PDF

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CN106478979A
CN106478979A CN201610701185.8A CN201610701185A CN106478979A CN 106478979 A CN106478979 A CN 106478979A CN 201610701185 A CN201610701185 A CN 201610701185A CN 106478979 A CN106478979 A CN 106478979A
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张伟华
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Abstract

本发明涉及发泡剂技术领域，尤其是一种含有二氟丙烷的发泡剂及其应用；所述发泡剂为1,3‑二氟丙烷，或者1,3‑二氟丙烷与2,2‑二氟丙烷、1,2‑二氟丙烷、1,1‑二氟丙烷中的一种或多种组成的混合物；本发明的含有二氟丙烷的发泡剂用于发泡体系中时安全稳定，能够用于制造在宽温度范围内表现出良好绝缘性能的泡沫，本发明用1，3‑二氟丙烷或者是1，3‑二氟丙烷与2，2‑二氟丙烷、1，2‑二氟丙烷、1，1‑二氟丙烷中的一种或多种组成的混合物作为发泡剂，它能直接用来替换HCFC‑141b作为发泡剂使用，所得到的泡沫产品与使用HCFC‑141b作为发泡剂所得产品性能相同。

Description

一种含有二氟丙烷的发泡剂及其应用
技术领域
本发明涉及发泡剂技术领域，尤其是一种含有二氟丙烷的发泡剂及其应用。
背景技术
聚氨酯或聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫体的生产方法是众所周知的，一般是在一种挥发性发泡剂的存在下，一种有机多异氰酸酯(包括二异氰酸酯)与一种多醇或多醇混合物的反应，该发泡剂会因异氰酸酯和多醇反应期间释放的热量而挥发，通过胺或其它催化剂以及表面活性剂的使用，可以增强这个反应，催化剂可以确保该泡沫体充分固化，而表面活性剂则可调控泡沫孔的尺寸，添加阻燃剂则可降低泡沫体的可燃性。
在很多应用中，是将泡沫体材料预先混配成两种组分，异氰酸酯或多异氰酸酯组合物包含在第一组分中，通常成为“A”组分；多醇或多醇混合物、表面活性剂、催化剂、发泡剂、阻燃剂等物质混合物包含在第二组分中，通常成为“B”组分。通过将A组分和B组分混合在一起就可以很方便地制备出聚氨酯或聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫体。
曾被作为发泡剂而广泛使用的三氯氟甲烷(CFC-11)，由于其会破坏大气臭氧层，现在已被性能与其比较接近的一氟二氯乙烷(HCFC-141b)所替代。但是HCFC-141b的ODP不为零，依然会对大气臭氧层造成破坏，因此蒙特利尔议定书将其列入淘汰计划中。一些发达国家已经提前淘汰HCFC-141b，中国必将在不久的将来淘汰HCFC-141b。现在国际上替代HCFC-141b的替代物主要有1，1，1，3，3-五氟丁烷(HFC-365mfc)、1，1，1，3，3-五氟丙烷HFC-245fa、1，3，3，3-四氟丙烯(HFO-1234ze)等，上述物质的制造专利都被国际巨头阿科玛、霍尼韦尔、拜尔、陶氏、杜邦等大公司所垄断，加之生产成本高，推广缓慢。
市场迫切需求一种新型发泡剂，它不仅可替代HCFC-141b，而且又不是现行国际限制使用的破坏大气臭氧层的物质，同时价格适中，能避开国外专利垄断的发泡剂产品。
发明内容
本发明的目的是：克服现有技术中的不足，提供一种用于生产聚氨酯或聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫体的含有二氟丙烷的发泡剂，该发泡剂不仅可替代HCFC-141b，而且不是现行国际限制使用的破坏大气臭氧层的物质，同时价格适中。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种含有二氟丙烷的发泡剂，所述发泡剂为1，3-二氟丙烷，或者1，3-二氟丙烷与2，2-二氟丙烷、1，2-二氟丙烷、1，1-二氟丙烷中的一种或多种组成的混合物。
进一步的，所述1，3-二氟丙烷和2，2一二氟丙烷、1，2-二氟丙烷、1，1-二氟丙烷中的一种或多种组成的混合物的比例为任意比例。
含有二氟丙烷的发泡剂在聚氨酯泡沫体中的应用。
一种含有二氟丙烷的发泡剂的聚氨酯泡沫体，所述泡沫体的质量份组成如下：多羟基化合物100-689份、阻燃剂磷酸三氯异丙酯15-24份、催化剂2-3份、稳定剂硅氧烷聚氧化烯烃共聚物1.5-10份、水2-7份、发泡剂12-368份、4，4-二异氰酸酯二苯甲烷131-1000份。
进一步的，所述多羟基化合物选用OH数为450的芳香族聚酯多元醇和芳香族聚醚多元醇的多元醇组合物、OH数为475的聚氧丙烯聚醚多羟基化合物、OH数为535的芳香族聚氧化丙烯醚多羟基化合物和571克羟基数目为490芳香胺聚氧化丙烯醚多羟基化合物的组合物中的一种。
进一步的，所述OH数为535的芳香族聚氧化丙烯醚多羟基化合物和571克羟基数目为490芳香胺聚氧化丙烯醚多羟基化合物的组合物中芳香族聚氧化丙烯醚多羟基化合物和芳香胺聚氧化丙烯醚多羟基化合物的质量比为74∶571。
进一步的，所述催化剂选用二甲基环己胺、四甲基乙二胺和五甲基二亚乙基三胺中的一种。
采用本发明的技术方案的有益效果是：
本发明的含有二氟丙烷的发泡剂用于发泡体系中时安全稳定，能够用于制造在宽温度范围内表现出良好绝缘性能的泡沫，本发明用1，3-二氟丙烷或者是1，3-二氟丙烷与2，2-二氟丙烷、1，2-二氟丙烷、1，1-二氟丙烷中的一种或多种组成的混合物作为发泡剂，它能直接用来替换HCFC-141b作为发泡剂使用，所得到的泡沫产品与使用HCFC-141b作为发泡剂所得产品性能相同。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
将100克OH数为450的芳香族聚酯多元醇和芳香族聚醚多元醇的多元醇组合物，和15克作为阻燃剂的磷酸三氯异丙酯、2克作为催化剂的二甲基环己胺和1.5克作为稳定剂的硅氧烷聚氧化烯烃共聚物、2克水、12克1，3-二氟丙烷，然后与131克4，4-二异氰酸酯二苯甲烷混合。得到密度为35.1KG/m3的硬质泡沫。
实施例2
将689克OH数为475的聚氧丙烯聚醚多羟基化合物和24克作为阻燃剂的磷酸三氯异丙酯、2克作为催化剂的四甲基乙二胺和10克作为稳定剂的硅氧烷聚氧化烯烃共聚物、2克水、192克1，3-二氟丙烷和83克1，2-二氟丙烷组成的混合物混合，然后与1000克4，4-二异氰酸酯二苯甲烷混合。得到密度为39.2KG/m3的阻燃聚异氰脲酰亚胺酯泡沫。
实施例3
将74克OH数为535的芳香族聚氧化丙烯醚多羟基化合物和571克羟基数目为490芳香胺聚氧化丙烯醚多羟基化合物的组合物，和15克作为阻燃剂的磷酸三氯异丙酯、3克作为催化剂的五甲基二亚乙基三胺、1.5克作为稳定剂的硅氧烷聚氧化烯烃共聚物、7克水、283克1，3-二氟丙烷和31克2，2-二氟丙烷、56克1，1-二氟丙烷组成的混合物混合，然后与1000克4，4-二异氰酸酯二苯甲烷混合。得到密度为22.4KG/m3的冰箱用低密度绝热泡沫。
本发明的发泡剂也非常适用于聚氨酯或聚异氰脲酸酯系统以外的其它体系或组份的发泡，例如，聚氯乙烯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯、酚醛树酯等的发泡。
以上述依据本发明的理想实施例为启示，通过上述的说明内容，相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内，进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容，必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种含有二氟丙烷的发泡剂，其特征在于：所述发泡剂为1,3-二氟丙烷，或者1,3-二氟丙烷与2,2-二氟丙烷、1,2-二氟丙烷、1,1-二氟丙烷中的一种或多种组成的混合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种含有二氟丙烷的发泡剂，其特征在于：所述1,3-二氟丙烷和2,2-二氟丙烷、1,2-二氟丙烷、1,1-二氟丙烷中的一种或多种组成的混合物的比例为任意比例。
3.如权利要求1-2中任一项所述的含有二氟丙烷的发泡剂在聚氨酯泡沫体中的应用。
4.一种含有如权利要求1-2中任一项所述的含有二氟丙烷的发泡剂的聚氨酯泡沫体，其特征在于，所述泡沫体的质量份组成如下：多羟基化合物100-689份、阻燃剂磷酸三氯异丙酯15-24份、催化剂2-3份、稳定剂硅氧烷聚氧化烯烃共聚物1.5-10份、水2-7份、发泡剂12-368份、4，4-二异氰酸酯二苯甲烷131-1000份。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种含有二氟丙烷的发泡剂的聚氨酯泡沫体，其特征在于：所述多羟基化合物选用OH数为450的芳香族聚酯多元醇和芳香族聚醚多元醇的多元醇组合物、OH数为475的聚氧丙烯聚醚多羟基化合物、OH数为535的芳香族聚氧化丙烯醚多羟基化合物和571克羟基数目为490芳香胺聚氧化丙烯醚多羟基化合物的组合物中的一种。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种含有二氟丙烷的发泡剂的聚氨酯泡沫体，其特征在于：所述OH数为535的芳香族聚氧化丙烯醚多羟基化合物和571克羟基数目为490芳香胺聚氧化丙烯醚多羟基化合物的组合物中芳香族聚氧化丙烯醚多羟基化合物和芳香胺聚氧化丙烯醚多羟基化合物的质量比为74:571。
7.根据权利要求4所述的一种含有二氟丙烷的发泡剂的聚氨酯泡沫体，其特征在于：所述催化剂选用二甲基环己胺、四甲基乙二胺和五甲基二亚乙基三胺中的一种。
CN201610701185.8A 2016-08-22 2016-08-22 一种含有二氟丙烷的发泡剂及其应用 Pending CN106478979A (zh)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5169873A (en) * 1990-03-06 1992-12-08 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Process for the manufacture of foams with the aid of blowing agents containing fluoroalkanes and fluorinated ethers, and foams obtained by this process
JPH05230265A (ja) * 1992-02-21 1993-09-07 Asahi Glass Co Ltd フェノール樹脂発泡体の製造方法
JPH06306138A (ja) * 1993-04-23 1994-11-01 Asahi Glass Co Ltd 発泡合成樹脂の製法
JPH06306139A (ja) * 1993-04-23 1994-11-01 Asahi Glass Co Ltd 発泡合成樹脂の製造法

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5169873A (en) * 1990-03-06 1992-12-08 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Process for the manufacture of foams with the aid of blowing agents containing fluoroalkanes and fluorinated ethers, and foams obtained by this process
JPH05230265A (ja) * 1992-02-21 1993-09-07 Asahi Glass Co Ltd フェノール樹脂発泡体の製造方法
JPH06306138A (ja) * 1993-04-23 1994-11-01 Asahi Glass Co Ltd 発泡合成樹脂の製法
JPH06306139A (ja) * 1993-04-23 1994-11-01 Asahi Glass Co Ltd 発泡合成樹脂の製造法

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