CN104955863A - 阻燃剂发泡体配制品 - Google Patents

阻燃剂发泡体配制品 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104955863A
CN104955863A CN201380071831.1A CN201380071831A CN104955863A CN 104955863 A CN104955863 A CN 104955863A CN 201380071831 A CN201380071831 A CN 201380071831A CN 104955863 A CN104955863 A CN 104955863A
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fire retardant
retardant foam
active hydrogen
hydrogen group
arbitrary
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M·J·斯科夫龙斯基
J·克里斯哈拉莫斯
D·E·斯奈德
H·佩雷斯
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Dow Global Technologies LLC
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Dow Global Technologies LLC
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Abstract

本发明的实施例是针对阻燃剂泡沫配制品。作为一个实例，所述阻燃剂配制品可以包括具有羟基的单膦酸酯；官能度在2.0到10.0范围内的聚异氰酸酯，其中所述聚异氰酸酯以提供100到320的异氰酸酯指数的量存在；具有能够与所述聚异氰酸酯反应的活性氢基团的化合物；发泡剂；以及催化剂。

Description

阻燃剂发泡体配制品
技术领域
本发明的实施例是针对阻燃剂发泡体配制品。
背景技术
含有卤素的阻燃剂可以用于多种应用中。举例来说，含有卤素的阻燃剂可以存在于发泡体配制品中以缓和可能在将由所述发泡体配制品形成的发泡体暴露于热和/或火焰时产生的作用。卤化物(如氯化物和/或溴化物)可以清除在发泡体燃烧期间产生的活性基团。然而，存在含有卤素的阻燃剂可能造成不合需要的烟尘产生和烟。
已经使用一系列阻燃剂来替代卤化阻燃剂。这些替代性阻燃剂可以通过各种机制来起作用，所述机制包括形成可以被称为膨胀(intumescence)的阻挡层、通过吸热反应(如水的汽化)来降低温度和/或通过用非可燃气体稀释氧气浓度来使燃烧过程减速。
发明内容
本发明提供阻燃剂发泡体配制品。所述阻燃剂发泡体配制品可以包括具有羟基的单膦酸酯；官能度在2.0到10.0范围内的聚异氰酸酯，其中所述聚异氰酸酯以提供100到320的异氰酸酯指数的量存在；具有能够与所述聚异氰酸酯反应的活性氢基团的化合物；发泡剂；以及催化剂。
本发明的以上概述并不打算描述本发明的每个揭示的实施例或每一种实施方式。随后的描述更确切地例示了说明性实施例。在本申请通篇中的若干位置中，通过实例清单提供指导，这些实例可以按不同的组合形式使用。在每种情况下，所叙述的清单仅充当一个代表性的群组而不应解释为一个排它性的清单。
具体实施方式
本文描述阻燃剂发泡体配制品。出乎意料地，已经发现无卤素阻燃剂可以用于阻燃剂发泡体配制品(其可以固化以形成阻燃剂发泡体)中，同时提供与卤化阻燃剂相当的性能。在阻燃剂中不存在卤素可以与以下益处相关，如与具有卤素阻燃剂的一些其它发泡体相比，在阻燃剂发泡体燃烧时减少烟尘产生以及在阻燃剂发泡体燃烧时减少烟产生。
阻燃剂发泡体配制品可以包括具有羟基的单膦酸酯。根据本发明的一或多个实施例，单膦酸酯可以是(羟甲基)膦酸二乙酯(DEHP)。DEHP可以通过使DEHP中的羟基与阻燃剂发泡体配制品中的聚异氰酸酯反应来结合到阻燃剂发泡体的结构中。经由羟基使与DEHP与聚异氰酸酯结合可以帮助妨碍DEHP的损耗，例如可能在燃烧期间发生的高温下气化。此结合可以帮助提供所需的阻燃剂特征。
如所提及，阻燃剂发泡体配制品可以包括具有羟基的单膦酸酯。具有羟基的单膦酸酯的浓度可以在每100重量份(PBW)具有活性氢基团的化合物1到15PBW范围内。每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物从1到15PBW并且包括1和15PBW的所有个别值和子范围都包括并揭示于本文中；举例来说，具有羟基的单膦酸酯的浓度可以在下限每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物1PBW、1.5PBW或2PBW到上限每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物15PBW、10PBW或8PBW范围内。举例来说，单膦酸酯的浓度可以在每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物1到15PBW、每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物1.5到10PBW、每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物2到8PBW范围内。
如所提及，阻燃剂发泡体配制品可以包括聚异氰酸酯。聚异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯基可以与具有能够与所述聚异氰酸酯反应的活性氢基团的化合物(例如，多元醇)的氢基团合并以形成氨基甲酸酯连接。异氰酸酯也可以在合适催化剂的存在下经历三聚。聚异氰酸酯的官能度可以在2.0到10.0范围内。聚异氰酸酯的官能度可以被定义为每分子聚异氰酸酯的平均异氰酸酯基数目。从2.0到10.0并且包括2.0和10.0的所有个别值和子范围都包括在本文中并且揭示于本文中；举例来说，聚异氰酸酯的官能度可以在下限2.0、3.0、4.0、5.0到上限10.0、8.0、7.0、6.0范围内。举例来说，聚异氰酸酯的官能度可以在2.0到10.0、2.0到8.0、2.0到6.0、2.0到5.0、或2.0到4.0范围内。
除其它之外，聚异氰酸酯的实例包括衍生自亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯(MDI)和聚合性MDI(PMDI)的那些聚异氰酸酯。MDI和PMDI的沸点比一些其它聚异氰酸酯(例如甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI))高，因此使得MDI和PMDI挥发性较小。TDI具有一个亚苯基环，而MDI具有两个亚苯基环。与由TDI形成的聚异氰酸酯对比，由MDI或PMDI形成的聚异氰酸酯的另外的亚苯基环可以帮助提供挥发性降低。举例来说，这在混合阻燃剂发泡体配制品时可以提供益处。举例来说，从阻燃剂配制品中挥发的聚异氰酸酯较少。
聚异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯基(NCO)含量可以是10到45重量％(wt.％)NCO。从10wt.％NCO到50wt.％NCO的所有个别值和子范围包括在内；举例来说，wt.％NCO可以在下限10wt.％NCO、20wt.％NCO或25wt.％NCO到上限50wt.％NCO、40wt.％NCO或35wt.％NCO范围内。举例来说，聚异氰酸酯的wt.％NCO可以在10wt.％NCO到35wt.％NCO、10wt.％NCO到40wt.％NCO、20wt.％NCO到35wt.％NCO、20wt.％NCO到40wt.％NCO、20wt.％NCO到50wt.％NCO、25wt.％NCO到35wt.％NCO、25wt.％NCO到40wt.％NCO以及25wt.％NCO到50wt.％NCO范围内。
根据一或多个实施例，聚异氰酸酯以相对于具有活性氢基团的化合物提供处于100到320范围内异氰酸酯指数的量存在。从100到320并且包括100和320的所有个别值和子范围都包括在本文中并且揭示于本文中；举例来说，聚异氰酸酯相对于具有活性氢基团的化合物的浓度可以提供处于下限100、130、150、200到上限320、280、250范围内的异氰酸酯指数。聚异氰酸酯以提供处于100到250、100到280、100到320、130到250、130到280、130到320、150到250、150到280、150到320、200到250、200到280、或200到320范围内异氰酸酯指数的量存在。异氰酸酯指数100对应于存在于具有活性氢基团的化合物中的每活性氢基团一个异氰酸酯当量。因此，如果异氰酸酯指数是130，那么异氰酸酯基比活性氢基团过量30％。
如所提及，阻燃剂发泡体配制品可以包括具有能够与聚异氰酸酯反应的活性氢基团的化合物，例如掺合物。除其它之外，具有活性氢基团的化合物的实例包括多元醇、聚酯、聚醚、聚丙烯酸酯、胺封端的聚合物以及其组合。掺合物可以包括具有活性氢基团的化合物，例如多元醇、聚酯、聚醚、聚丙烯酸酯、胺封端的聚合物以及其组合。根据一或多个实施例，具有活性氢基团的化合物可以选自聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、聚碳酸酯以及其组合的群组。举例来说，多元醇可以被定义为作为羟基或能够与异氰酸酯反应的其它官能团的来源的化合物。
除其它之外，聚醚多元醇的实例包括羟基化大豆油多元醇、丙氧基化和/或乙氧基化甘油多元醇、乙氧基化和/或丙氧基化山梨糖醇多元醇、丙氧基化和/或乙氧基化二醇、乙氧基化和/或丙氧基化蔗糖多元醇、胺起始的多元醇，如丙氧基化乙二胺多元醇、丙氧基化/乙氧基化乙二胺多元醇、甲苯二胺丙氧基化/乙氧基化多元醇、甲苯二胺丙氧基化多元醇。通常可获得的聚醚多元醇的实例包括(但不限于)VORANOLTM多元醇(陶氏化学公司(The Dow Chemical Company))、VORANOLTMVORACTIVTM多元醇(陶氏化学公司)。聚醚多元醇可以通过使用催化剂使胺或具有末端羟基的材料与环氧烷反应来产生。
除其它之外，聚酯多元醇的实例包括可购自陶氏化学公司的DIOREZTM聚酯多元醇、可购自斯泰潘公司(Stepan Company)的聚酯多元醇、可购自奥克西德公司(Oxid)的聚酯多元醇以及可购自英威达公司(Invista)的聚酯多元醇。聚酯多元醇可以通过使用催化剂使二元酸或衍生物与具有末端羟基的二醇反应来产生。二元酸可以包括(但不限于)例如对苯二甲酸。除其它之外，二醇来源可以包括(但不限于)乙二醇、二乙二醇、丙二醇、二丙二醇、丙三醇和1，4-丁二醇。
多元醇的平均官能度可以在2到8范围内。从2到8并且包括2和8的所有个别值和子范围都包括并揭示于本文中，举例来说，多元醇的平均官能度可以在2到8、2到7、2到6、2到5、2到4、或2到3范围内。多元醇的平均羟基数可以是100到800，优选地在150到600范围内。羟基数可以被定义为等效于一克多元醇或其它羟基化合物中羟基含量的氢氧化钾毫克数。
阻燃剂发泡体形成配制品可以包括发泡剂。除其它之外，发泡剂的实例包括(但不限于)当场生成的二氧化碳(例如，水与异氰酸酯反应)；甲酸；烷烃，如正戊烷、异戊烷、环戊烷；氢氟烷烃，如1，1，1，3，3-五氟丙烷；氢氟烯烃(HFO)，如HFO-1225yeZ((Z)1，1，1，2，3-五氟丙烯)、HFO-1225ye(1，2，3，3，3-五氟丙烯)、HFO-1225zc(1，1，3，3，3-五氟丙烯)、氢氯氟烯烃(HCFO)，如HCFO-1233zd(1-氯-3，3，3-三氟丙烯)、HCFO-1223(二氯三氟丙烯)，HCFO-1233xf(2-氯-3，3，3-三氟丙烯)以及其组合。
发泡剂(即，不是来自于水和甲酸与异氰酸酯反应的碳氧化物)的浓度可以在每100重量份(PBW)具有活性氢基团的化合物1到35PBW范围内。从每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物1PBW到每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物35PBW并且包括1PBW和35PBW的所有个别值和子范围都包括在本文中并且揭示于本文中；举例来说，发泡剂的浓度可以在下限每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物1PBW、每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物5PBW、每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物10PBW到上限每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物35PBW、每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物30PBW、每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物25PBW范围内。
阻燃剂发泡体配制品可以包括催化剂。举例来说，使用催化剂可以加速聚异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯基与具有活性氢基团的化合物的活性氢基团的反应，和/或也可以加速异氰酸酯形成异氰脲酸酯的三聚。除其它之外，催化剂的实例可以包括五甲基二亚乙基三胺、二乙二醇中的2-乙基己酸钾、季铵盐、三乙胺以及其组合。
催化剂的浓度可以在每100重量份(PBW)具有活性氢基团的化合物0.01到5.0PBW范围内。从每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物0.01PBW到每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物5.0PBW并且包括0.01PBW和5.0PBW的所有个别值和子范围都包括在本文中并且揭示于本文中；举例来说，催化剂的浓度可以在下限每100具有活性氢基团的化合物0.01PBW、每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物0.05PBW、每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物1.0PBW到上限每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物5.0PBW、每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物4.0PBW、每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物3.0PBW范围内。
如所提及，具有羟基的单膦酸酯的实例包括(但不限于)DEHP。另外，阻燃剂发泡体配制品可以包括其它阻燃剂。举例来说，阻燃剂发泡体配制品可以包括其它非卤化阻燃剂(不包括氯化、溴化的化合物)。非卤化阻燃剂可以包括可购自旭瑞达公司(Supresta)的磷酸三乙酯FYROL 6。
阻燃剂发泡体配制品可以包括表面活性剂。除其它之外，表面活性剂的实例包括(但不限于)聚亚烷基氧化物和基于硅酮的界面剂，如有机硅酮表面活性剂。举例来说，除其它之外，聚亚烷基氧化物可以包括环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷和环氧丁烷的无规和/或嵌段共聚物。聚环氧烷表面活性剂的一个实例是聚环氧乙烷-共-环氧丙烷-共-环氧丁烷三嵌段有机表面活性剂，其以商标名VORASURFTM 504出售，可购自陶氏化学公司。有机硅酮表面活性剂的实例包括(但不限于)聚硅氧烷/聚醚共聚物，如TegostabTM(可购自赢创工业(Evonik Industries))、DABCO表面活性剂(可购自空气产品与化学品公司(AirProducts and Chemicals))和NiaxTM L-5614表面活性剂(可购自迈图高新产品公司(Momentive Performance Products))。
表面活性剂的浓度可以在每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物0.1到8.0PBW范围内。从每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物0.1PBW到每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物8.0PBW并且包括0.1PBW和8.0PBW的所有个别值和子范围都包括在本文中并且揭示于本文中；举例来说，表面活性剂的浓度可以在下限每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物0.1PBW、每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物0.5PBW、每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物1.5PBW到上限每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物8.0PBW、每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物7.0PBW、每100PBW具有活性氢基团的化合物6.0PBW范围内。
本发明的实施例提供通过使阻燃剂发泡体配制品固化而形成阻燃剂发泡体。在多个实施例中，阻燃剂发泡体配制品可以用以形成刚性、发泡、闭孔的聚合物。此类聚合物可以通过混合阻燃剂发泡体配制品的组分并且使之反应来制备，所述组分如具有活性氢基团的化合物/发泡剂以及异氰酸酯组分，即至少两个物料流；或具有活性氢基团的化合物、发泡剂和异氰酸酯，即至少三个物料流，其中举例来说，具有活性氢基团的化合物和发泡剂在即将与异氰酸酯接触之前混合。具有活性氢基团的化合物可以包括阻燃剂(包括具有羟基的单膦酸酯)、表面活性剂、催化剂和任选地其它添加剂。视需要可以包括另外的物料流以用于引入各种催化剂和其它添加剂。
物料流的混合可以在具有或不具有用于合并物料流的静态混合器的高压或低压设备(混合头)中进行，并且和将反应混合物沉积到衬底(如表面材料)上。此衬底可以是例如刚性或柔性的表面薄片，其可以连续地或不连续地沿生产线传送或直接传送到例如传送带上。表面材料的类型是薄金属片，例如由任选地用合适材料(如聚酯或环氧树脂)涂布以帮助减少锈蚀形成的钢制成。替代性地，混合物可以沉积到开放模具中或经由沉降设备分配到开放模具中，或沉积在或沉积到另一个位置处，即现场灌注应用。在于模具内部沉积在表面薄片上的情况下，可以将第二薄片施用在所沉积混合物的上方。在其它实施例中，可以在存在或不存在用于空腔填充的真空辅助的情况下将混合物注射到封闭的模具中。当采用模具时以及当采用连续生产线时，可以加热模具或连续生产线以便促进形成阻燃剂发泡体的反应过程。
举例来说，可以混合具有羟基的单膦酸酯、具有活性氢基团的化合物、发泡剂、表面活性剂以及任选地另外的添加剂作为第一组分，并且与包括聚异氰酸酯的第二组分和包括催化剂的第三组分反应。每一组分可以在注射点(例如在其中进行组分混合的位置)处注射。在组分混合时，阻燃剂发泡体可以例如经由固化当场形成。
阻燃剂发泡体可以通过使阻燃剂发泡体配制品固化来形成。阻燃剂发泡体配制品可以在处于5摄氏度(℃)到100℃范围内的温度下固化。从5℃到100℃并且包括5℃和100℃的所有个别值和子范围都包括在本文中并且揭示于本文中；举例来说，阻燃剂发泡体配制品可以在处于下限5℃、10℃、15℃到上限100℃、95℃、90℃范围内的温度下固化。
实例
在实例中，使用物质的各种术语和名称，所述术语和名称包括例如以下：
具有能够与聚异氰酸酯反应的活性氢基团的化合物，多元醇A(来自对苯二甲酸二甲酯方法残余物的聚酯多元醇，OH#：305，官能度＝2.2，可购自英威达)；具有能够与聚异氰酸酯反应的活性氢基团的化合物，多元醇B(来自对苯二甲酸二甲酯方法残余物的聚酯多元醇，OH#：195，官能度＝2，可购自英威达)；具有能够与聚异氰酸酯反应的活性氢基团的化合物，多元醇C(来自对苯二甲酸、二乙二醇、丙三醇和聚乙二醇的聚酯多元醇，OH#：315，官能度＝2.4，可购自陶氏化学公司)；具有能够与聚异氰酸酯反应的活性氢基团的化合物，多元醇D(山梨糖醇起始的聚醚多元醇，OH#：479，官能度＝6，可购自陶氏化学公司)；具有能够与聚异氰酸酯反应的活性氢基团的化合物，多元醇E(丙三醇起始的聚醚多元醇，OH#：33.5，官能度＝3，可购自陶氏化学公司)；具有能够与聚异氰酸酯反应的活性氢基团的化合物，多元醇F(甲苯二胺起始的聚醚多元醇，OH#：450，官能度＝4，可购自BASF)；具有能够与聚异氰酸酯反应的活性氢基团的化合物，多元醇G/阻燃剂(四溴邻苯二甲酸酯二醇(TBPD)，OH#：220，官能度＝2，可购自大湖化学服务公司(Great Lakes Chemical Service，Inc.))；阻燃剂(磷酸三乙酯，产品参考号TEP，可购自伊士曼化学公司(Eastman Chemical Company))；阻燃剂(磷酸三(氯丙基)酯，产品参考号TCPP(Fyrol PCF)，可购自旭瑞达公司)；阻燃剂(DEHP，可购自黄石福尔泰化学公司(Huangshi Fuertai Chemical Company))；表面活性剂(硅酮表面活性剂，可购自赢创工业)；催化剂(五甲基二亚乙基三胺，产品参考号Polycat 5，可购自空气产品与化学品公司)；催化剂(二乙二醇中的2-乙基己酸钾，产品参考号DabcoK15，可购自空气产品与化学品公司)；催化剂(季铵盐，产品参考号Dabco TMR 2，可购自空气产品与化学品公司)；催化剂(催化剂掺合物，产品参考号CM759，可购自陶氏化学公司)；发泡剂(1，1，1，3，3-五氟丙烷，产品参考号HFC 245fa，可购自哈尼威尔公司(Honeywell Corporation))；发泡剂(环戊烷/异戊烷的85/15掺合物，产品参考号IP 85，可购自哈特曼溶液公司(Haltermann Solutions)；聚异氰酸酯A(聚合性MDI，30.5重量％NCO，官能度＝3，可购自陶氏化学公司)。
比较实例A
如下制备比较实例A。通过向容器中添加多元醇A(32.75克)、多元醇B(8.18克)、多元醇D(2.73克)、多元醇E(7.64克)、多元醇F(3.28克)、TBPD(3.71克)、TEP(2.76克)、TCPP(Fyrol PCF)(6.69克)、表面活性剂(1.20克)、Dabco TMR 2(0.28克)以及水(0.72克)来制备多元醇。振荡容器的内含物持续3分钟以获得均质溶液。向容器的内含物中添加CM 759(1.75克)，并且用空气混合器以700转/分钟(RPM)混合3分钟。向容器的内含物中添加IP 85(8.60克)，并且用木叶片搅拌3分钟，随后向容器中再添加另外的IP 85以解决搅拌期间的发泡剂损失，直到8.6克IP 85存在于容器中。向容器的内含物中添加聚异氰酸酯A(136.20克)，并且用气动混合器以1500RPM搅拌5秒。
比较实例B
如下制备比较实例B。如比较实例A一般制备比较实例B，除了根据表I中的比较实例B来调整配方、在制备多元醇时使用Polycat 5(0.08克)和Dabco K15(0.11克)、以及使用HFC 245fa(11.80克)而非IP 85之外。
表I
比较实例A 比较实例B
多元醇A 32.75 17.18
多元醇B 8.18 25.77
多元醇D 2.73 2.87
多元醇E 7.64 8.60
多元醇F 3.28 2.87
TBPD 3.71 0.00
TEP 2.76 1.79
TCPP(Fyrol PCF) 6.69 7.87
Tegostab B 8461 1.20 1.41
Dabco TMR 2 0.28 0.41
Polycat 5 0.00 0.08
Dabco K15 0.00 0.11
水 0.72 1.03
CM 759 1.75 1.26
IP 85 8.60 0.00
HFC 245fa 0.00 11.80
聚异氰酸酯A 136.20 116
实例1-阻燃剂发泡体配制品
如下制备阻燃剂发泡体配制品实例1。如比较实例B一般制备实例1，除了根据表II中的实例1调整配方、和使用DEHP(3.26克)而非TCPP(Fyrol PCF)之外。
实例2-阻燃剂发泡体配制品
如下制备阻燃剂发泡体配制品实例2。如实例1一般制备实例2，除了根据表II中的实例2调整配方、和使用HFC 245fa(17.00克)而非IP 85之外。
实例3-阻燃剂发泡体配制品
如下制备阻燃剂发泡体配制品实例3。如实例1一般制备实例3，除了根据表II中的实例3调整配方、和多元醇C(34.46克)而非多元醇A之外。
表II
实例1 实例2 实例3
多元醇A 34.80 34.34 0.00
多元醇C 0.00 0.00 34.36
多元醇B 8.70 8.59 8.59
多元醇D 2.90 2.86 2.87
多元醇E 8.12 8.02 8.01
多元醇F 3.48 3.43 3.43
TEP 6.65 6.56 6.56
DEHP 3.26 3.21 3.21
表面活性剂 1.86 1.84 1.84
Dabco TMR 2 0.30 0.30 0.30
Polycat 5 0.07 0.07 0.07
水 0.77 0.75 0.76
CM 759 1.29 1.29 1.27
IP 85 8.90 0.00 9.00
HFC 245fa 0.00 17.00 0.00
聚异氰酸酯A 148.20 144.00 146.10
比较实例C
如下制备比较实例C。使比较实例A在维持于51.7摄氏度(℃)到54.4℃温度下的烘箱中固化大约3小时以形成比较实例C。
比较实例D
如下制备比较实例D。如比较实例C一般制备比较实例D，变化在于使用比较实例B来替代比较实例A。
实例4-阻燃剂发泡体
如下制备阻燃剂发泡体实例4。使实例1在维持于51.7摄氏度(℃)到54.4℃温度下的烘箱中固化大约3小时以形成实例4。
实例5-6-阻燃剂发泡体
如下制备阻燃剂发泡体实例5-6。如实例4一般制备实例5-6，变化在于分别使用实例2-3来替代实例1。
比较实例C和D以及实例4到6的NBS烟尘腔室值分别报告于表III和表IV中，并且通过ASTM E-662来测定。比较实例C和D以及实例4到6中每一者的尺寸为3″×3″×1″的2个固化样品用于测试。计算样品的平均NBS值。
比较实例C和D以及实例4到6的火焰高度分别报告于表III和表IV中，并且根据布特勒烟囱测试(Butler Chimney Test)(ASTM D3014)来测量。在密保诺(Ziploc)袋中制得的比较实例C和D以及实例4到6的尺寸为10″×0.75″×0.75″的样品用于测试。
比较实例C和D以及实例4到6的质量保留率分别报告于表III和表IV中，并且通过在火焰高度测试前后称重用于火焰高度测量的样品来测量。
比较实例C和D的NBS烟尘腔室值、火焰高度和质量保留率报告于表III中。
表III
产物 NBS烟尘腔室值 火焰高度(in) 质量保留率(％)
比较实例C 62 10.4 92
比较实例D 61 9.2 91
实例9到16的NBS烟尘腔室值、火焰高度和质量保留率报告于表IV中。
表IV
产物 NBS烟尘腔室值 火焰高度(in) 质量保留率(％)
实例4 36 11.7 91
实例5 45 10.1 89
实例6 33 12.0 88
较低的NBS烟尘腔室值指示减少的烟尘产生量，并且因此指示阻燃剂的所需性能特征。报告于表III和表IV中的值显示实例4到6中每一者的NBS烟尘腔室值比比较实例C和D两者低。举例来说，在包括IP 85作为发泡剂的比较实例C与实例4和6之间展示较低NBS烟尘腔室值。另外，在包括HFC 245fa作为发泡剂的比较实例D与实例5之间展示类似或较低NBS烟尘腔室值。
较低火焰高度值和较高质量保留率指示阻燃剂的所需性能特征。报告于表III和表IV中的值显示实例4到6所具有的火焰高度和质量保留率的值与比较实例C和比较实例D类似。

Claims (14)

1.一种阻燃剂发泡体配制品，其包含：
具有羟基的单膦酸酯；
官能度在2.0到10.0范围内的聚异氰酸酯，其中所述聚异氰酸酯以提供100到320的异氰酸酯指数的量存在；
具有能够与所述聚异氰酸酯反应的活性氢基团的化合物；
发泡剂；以及
催化剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃剂发泡体配制品，其中所述单膦酸酯是(羟甲基)膦酸二乙酯。
3.根据权利要求1到2中任一权利要求所述的阻燃剂发泡体配制品，其中所述单膦酸酯的浓度在每100重量份(PBW)具有所述活性氢基团的所述化合物1到15PBW范围内。
4.根据权利要求1到2中任一权利要求所述的阻燃剂发泡体配制品，其中所述单膦酸酯的浓度在每100PBW具有所述活性氢基团的所述化合物1.5到10PBW范围内。
5.根据权利要求1到2中任一权利要求所述的阻燃剂发泡体配制品，其中所述单膦酸酯的浓度在每100PBW具有所述活性氢基团的所述化合物2到8PBW范围内。
6.根据权利要求1到2中任一权利要求所述的阻燃剂发泡体配制品，其中所述聚异氰酸酯以提供130到320的异氰酸酯指数的量存在。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一权利要求所述的阻燃剂发泡体配制品，其中所述聚异氰酸酯的异氰酸酯(NCO)含量是10到50重量％NCO。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一权利要求所述的阻燃剂发泡体配制品，其中具有所述活性氢基团的所述化合物选自多元醇、聚酯、聚醚、聚丙烯酸酯、胺封端的聚合物以及其组合的群组。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一权利要求所述的阻燃剂发泡体配制品，其中所述多元醇选自聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、聚碳酸酯以及其组合的群组。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一权利要求所述的阻燃剂发泡体配制品，其中所述发泡剂选自当场吹出的二氧化碳、甲酸、烷烃、氢氟烷烃以及其组合的群组。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一权利要求所述的阻燃剂发泡体配制品，其中所述配制品包括非卤化阻燃剂。
12.根据权利要求11所述的阻燃剂发泡体配制品，其中所述非卤化阻燃剂包括磷酸三乙酯。
13.根据前述权利要求中任一权利要求所述的阻燃剂发泡体配制品，其中所述聚异氰酸酯衍生自亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯。
14.一种阻燃剂发泡体，其通过使前述配制品中的任一者固化来形成。
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