CN106478296A - A kind of composite modifying agent for gleyed soil and its application - Google Patents
A kind of composite modifying agent for gleyed soil and its application Download PDFInfo
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- CN106478296A CN106478296A CN201610901379.2A CN201610901379A CN106478296A CN 106478296 A CN106478296 A CN 106478296A CN 201610901379 A CN201610901379 A CN 201610901379A CN 106478296 A CN106478296 A CN 106478296A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
Abstract
The present invention relates to soil improvement field is and in particular to a kind of composite modifying agent for gleyed soil, including the component of following weight portion：5 10 parts of quick lime；20 30 parts of flyash；50 60 parts of the cattle manure of fermentation maturity；10 15 parts of the Semen Brassicae campestriss oil cake of fermentation maturity.Present invention also offers a kind of application process in improvement gleyed soil for above-mentioned composite modifying agent.The composite modifying agent of the present invention is applied to gleying rice field, improves the physicochemical property of soil, increased soil porosity, improve soil and lead to breathability, reduce the soil weight, improve soil aggregate structure, alleviate soil acidification degree, improve soil redox potential, reduce soil reduction process material total amount, alleviate soil toxicity, increased readily available nutrient of soil content, promote increasing production of rice more than 10%, improved effect highly significant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil improvement field and in particular to a kind of composite modifying agent for gleyed soil and its should
With.
Background technology
Gleying rice soil is the reproducibility rice soil developing formation under long-term flooding condition, due to long-term waterflooding, makes
Become soil aggregate structure to destroy, soil permeability can deteriorate, be in anaerobic condition more rhizospheric environment, reproducibility noxious substance is a large amount of
Accumulation.This class soil productivity is low, is one of main low yield Oryza sativa L. great soil group of China.Water is cultivated on gleying paddy soil
Rice, can lead to that root system development is bad, poor growth, have a strong impact on rice yield.Research shows, the water in strong gleying rice field
Rice yield is only even lower about the half in non-gleying rice field.China's gleying rice field area reaches 4.0 × 106hm2More than,
Wherein based on primary gleying, Plain massif irrigates network based on secondary gleyization, large-area latent in loke shore region along the river
Educating rice field has a strong impact on national food security.Inquire into the improved route of gleying paddy soil, give full play to its yield potential,
For greatly develop grain-production, ensure national food security significant.
Improving technology research about gleying paddy soil is the scientific research task that National agricultural portion emphasis is supported.Right at present
The improvement of Gleyic paddysoil is mainly based on hydraulic engineering measure and tillage control measure.Hydraulic engineering measure mainly includes excavating draining
Ditch, embedded covered conduit, hidden pipe etc., by excluding field ponding, lowering of watertable, thus gradually mitigate the gleying of paddy soil
Degree；Tillage control measure is mainly by tillage control measure is altered or modified, and such as rice field-upland field rotation, winter ploughing such as is suned the earth which has been ploughed up at the measure, changes incobation
Change the water supply situation in rice field, improve Soil structure, increasing the logical breathability of soil, reducing reducing substanceses accumulation, thus subtracting
The toxic action in light gleying rice field.The deficiency jointly of above method is：Time-consuming, take a lot of work, relatively costly, and by field week
Surrounding environment impact is larger, and enforcement difficulty is big.Also there are some scholars to attempt application soil conditioner at present to be improved, such as utilize
The inorganic material such as Calx, Desulphurization, biological carbon, flyash, calper calcium peroxide abatement reducing substanceses, attenuating soil gleying journey
Degree；Or improve soil nutrient supply situation and soil physics structure using organic materials such as straw, oil cake, Testa oryzaes, improve incobation
Change rice field.But it is all to be improved with homogenous material or the cooperation of one, bi-material, and improved effect is inconspicuous.Chinese patent
Document CN105493677 discloses a kind of modification method in gleying rice field, first rice field straw compost thing is scattered in gleying
Rice field, then spread fertilizer over the fields Nutrient Activation agent, acidity conditioner and inorganic fertilizer mixture, to reach the purpose in improvement gleying rice field,
But said method is merely capable of reducing the total amount of soil reduction process material and the pH value improving gleying rice field, but for changing
The physicochemical property of good soil, improve soil aggregate structure, improve soil permeability aspect effect not notable.
Content of the invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome in the modification method of existing gleying rice field for soil group
The defect of the improved effect such as dimeric structure and soil permeability difference, thus provide a kind of effect to be preferably used for gleyed soil
Composite modifying agent.
The invention solves the problems that another technical problem be to provide a kind of above-mentioned composite modifying agent in improvement gleying
Application process in soil.
For this reason, the technical solution used in the present invention is：
A kind of composite modifying agent for gleyed soil, including the component of following weight portion：
Quick lime 5-10 part, for the quick lime directly bought from agricultural lime shop, is white powder；
Flyash 20-30 part, is the waste residue of generation or other approach burning raw coal after thermal power plant utilizes raw coal to generate electricity
The waste residue producing afterwards；
Cattle manure 50-60 part of fermentation maturity；
Semen Brassicae campestriss oil cake 10-15 part of fermentation maturity.Four kinds of component mix homogeneously, make composite modifying agent.
In the described composite modifying agent for gleyed soil, the preparation method of the cattle manure of described fermentation maturity is as follows：
By fresh cattle manure, bran coat and carbamide by weight for 600-700:300-350:5-10 mix homogeneously, then adds mixed
The fermenting agent of compound gross weight 0.5%, then adjust moisture for 50%-60%, fermentation of banking up, at interval of turning in 2-3 days
Once, become thoroughly decomposed after 15-20 days, standby after drying.
In the described composite modifying agent for gleyed soil, the preparation method of the Semen Brassicae campestriss oil cake of described fermentation maturity
As follows：
By Semen Brassicae campestriss oil cake and bran coat by weight for 750-850:200-250 mix homogeneously, then adds mixture total
The fermenting agent of weight 0.5%, then adjust moisture for 50%-60%, fermentation of banking up, at interval of turning in 2-3 days once,
Become thoroughly decomposed after 15-20 days, standby after drying.
In the described composite modifying agent for gleyed soil, described fermenting agent is specially organic matter decomposing inoculant,
Produce for Beijing Century Aims Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
In the described composite modifying agent for gleyed soil, the pH value of described flyash is 9-10.
The present invention adopt another technical scheme be：
Application in improvement gleyed soil for any of the above-described composite modifying agent.
Described composite modifying agent, in the application in improvement gleyed soil, fills shoaling layer, by institute before Soil tillage
State composite modifying agent uniformly to spread fertilizer over the fields in soil surface, then plough rake uniformly, plant Oryza sativa L..
Described composite modifying agent, in the application in improvement gleyed soil, spread fertilizer over the fields no less than two weeks before rice transplanting
Described composite modifying agent.
In the application in improvement gleyed soil, the amount of application of described composite modifying agent is described composite modifying agent
3.0-6.0t/hm2, test paddy soil and be preferably 4.5t/hm2.
In the application in improvement gleyed soil, described gleyed soil is gleying rice field to described composite modifying agent
Soil.
Technical solution of the present invention, has the advantage that：
Provided by the present invention for the composite modifying agent of gleyed soil, by by quick lime, flyash, fermentation maturity
The Semen Brassicae campestriss oil cake of cattle manure and fermentation maturity is mixed in proportion prepared composite modifying agent, the cattle manure of fermentation maturity and fermentation maturity
Semen Brassicae campestriss oil cake remains cattle manure and the Semen Brassicae campestriss oil cake nutrient of itself, is that paddy growth provides required nutrient, quick lime
Addition with flyash can significantly improve soil pH value, mitigates soil acidification degree, four kinds of compositions of the application composite modifying agent
Cooperate and so that the physicochemical property of soil is significantly improved, increased the porosity of soil, improve the permeability of soil, fall
So that the percentage rate of gaseous phase of soil is improved, the percentage rate of solid phase of soil accordingly reduces hence it is evident that improving soil the low soil weight
Earth structure, improves Water and fertilizer retention ability of soil.
In addition, while the above-mentioned physicochemical property of soil is improved, four kinds of raw material synergism reduce soil also
Immunogenic substance content, improves oxidation-reduction potential, alleviates Fe in soil2+Isoionic toxic action, activates effectively
Soil nutrient, promotes soil nutrient release and crop that nutrient is absorbed.Experiment shows, applies the soil that modifying agent is processed
Its alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphoruss and quick-acting potassium content are all obviously improved, so as to effectively facilitate rice root and overground part
Growth, is finally reached the purpose improving rice yield.
In sum, the composite modifying agent applying the application can be obviously improved soil quality, improves the readily available nutrient of soil
Content, thus promoting rice growth and improving rice yield.
The technique effect of the composite modifying agent of the present invention is proved as a example following test group by embodiment 1 and matched group.
(1) improved conditions：
Experimental field it is located at San Li village of Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province Jinxian County San Li township, be located in Poyang Lake bank, belong to subtropical zones monsoon
Weather, average annual precipitation is 1600mm, and wherein near half rainfall concentrates on summer, 17.5 DEG C about of average temperature of the whole year, >=10 DEG C
5525.6 DEG C of accumulated temperature.Substantially, the soil reduction process material total amount before on-test is 5.69cmol/ for trial zone soil plough horizon gleying
Kg, pH are 5.26, soil organism 24.21g/kg, full nitrogen 1.405g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 133.2mg/kg, available phosphoruss 15.3mg/
Kg, available potassium 104.8mg/kg.
Test, from 2012 froms the beginning of, is carried out continuously 3 years, terminated by 2014, planting system be one season late rice, kind is yellow
Flower accounts for.
(2) test group and matched group：
Test group：Fill shoaling layer in rice transplanting the last fortnight, composite modifying agent is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in soil surface, rake is ploughed all
Even.Composite modifying agent component is 8 parts of quick lime；23 parts of flyash, the pH value of flyash is 9-10；The cattle manure 57 of fermentation maturity
Part；12 parts of the Semen Brassicae campestriss oil cake of fermentation maturity, four kinds of component mix homogeneously, make composite modifying agent.Composite modifying agent amount of application
For 4.5t/hm2.Dose is pure N 225kg/hm2, P2O5112.5kg/hm2, K2O 225kg/hm2；Nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer
Species is respectively carbamide (containing N 46%), calcium magnesium phosphate (containing P2O512%), potassium chloride is (containing K2O60%)；Wherein nitrogenous fertilizer 50%
Make base manure, 25% make tillering fertilizer, 25% make ear manuer, potash fertilizer 50% is made tillering fertilizer, 50% made ear manuer, and phosphate fertilizer all makees base manure.?
First 1 day of rice transplanting or same day basal dressing, then plough rake uniformly, plant Oryza sativa L.；Topdress and apply with rice growing season.
The preparation method of the cattle manure of described fermentation maturity is as follows：
By fresh cattle manure, bran coat and carbamide by weight for 673:320:7 mix homogeneously, then add total weight of the mixture
0.5% organic matter decomposing inoculant, then adjust moisture for 55%, fermentation of banking up, at interval of turning in 2-3 days once, 15-20
Become thoroughly decomposed after it, standby after drying.Cattle manure (fresh base) nutrient content is containing N 0.40%, P2O50.10%th, K2O 0.23%.
The preparation method of the Semen Brassicae campestriss oil cake of described fermentation maturity is as follows：
By Semen Brassicae campestriss oil cake and bran coat by weight for 780:220 mix homogeneously, then add total weight of the mixture 0.5%
Organic matter decomposing inoculant, then adjust moisture be 55%, fermentation of banking up, at interval of turning in 2-3 days once, after 15-20 days
Become thoroughly decomposed, standby after drying.Semen Brassicae campestriss oil cake nutrient content is containing N 5.10%, P2O50.85%th, K2O 1.11%.
Matched group：Dose is pure N 225kg/hm2, P2O5112.5kg/hm2, K2O 225kg/hm2；Nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer,
Potash fertilizer species is respectively carbamide (containing N 46%), calcium magnesium phosphate (containing P2O512%), potassium chloride is (containing K2O 60%)；Wherein nitrogenous fertilizer
50% makees base manure, 25% makees tillering fertilizer, 25% makees ear manuer, and potash fertilizer 50% is made tillering fertilizer, 50% made ear manuer, and phosphate fertilizer all does base
Fertile.In first 1 day of rice transplanting or same day basal dressing, then plough rake uniformly, plant Oryza sativa L.；Topdress and apply with rice growing season.
(3) application effect contrast：Observe in growth period duration of rice and record, the period of maturation surveys and produces, and continuously implements 3 years, takes after 3 years
Soil sample measures index of correlation.Specific experiment result is as follows：
Impact (the t/hm to rice yield for table 1 different disposal2)
The soil physical property analysis of table 2 different disposal
Soil w ater-stable aggregates classification (%) of table 3 different disposal
The impact to soil chemical characteritics for table 4 different disposal
In table 1-4, same row difference letter representation statistical test has significant difference, if mark same letter, table
Show that difference is not notable.
As it can be seen from table 1 applying composite modifying agent can be obviously promoted increasing production of rice, compare with matched group, 2012-2014
Apply composite modifying agent year and process seed rate of growth respectively 13.4%, 17.6%, 19.1%, straw rate of growth is respectively
16.5%th, 22.2%, 25.9%, Biomass rate of growth is respectively 14.8%, 19.7%, 22.2%, and effect of increasing production is obvious, and
It is incremented by with applying time limit increase rate of growth, illustrate to apply composite modifying agent effect of increasing production substantially, and there is accumulative effect.
From table 2 it can be seen that applying composite modifying agent can dramatically increase soil porosity (increasing by 8.94%), can change simultaneously
The three of kind soil compare hence it is evident that reducing solid phase of soil percentage rate (reduce by 8.24%), and greatly improve gaseous phase of soil percentage rate and (carry
High 37.2%), applies composite modifying agent and can significantly reduce the soil weight (reducing by 9.76%).It can be seen that, apply composite modifying agent energy
Significantly improve the physical property of soil, improve the gas permeability of soil and improve the performances such as soil water supply retain water and nutrients.
In addition, can be seen that administration composite modifying agent from the aggregate classification results of table 3 can significantly improve the big reunion of soil
The content of body, is wherein more than 2mm and 1-2mm particle diameter aggregate impact maximum, is respectively increased 17.2% and 23.6% on particle diameter, with
When apply composite modifying agent and significantly reduce small agglomerates content, 0.106-0.25mm and be less than 0.106mm particle diameter aggregate amounts
Reduction by 20.5% and 23.2% respectively, macro aggregate increases the physical arrangement reducing the obvious improved soil of energy with small agglomerates, changes
The retain water and nutrients performance of kind soil, the growth to crop has material impact.It can be seen that, apply composite modifying agent to Soil structure etc.
The improved effect of physical property is clearly.
Can be seen that administration composite modifying agent from the soil chemical characteritics analysis result of table 4 and can significantly improve soil pH value
(improving 0.54 unit), mitigates soil acidification degree；Soil redox potential (improving 26.5%) can be significantly improved, reduce
Soil reduction process material total amount (reduces by 19.7%), thus mitigating Fe2+Etc. reproducibility ion toxic action and promote soil support
Subrelease is put；Compare with matched group, soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphoruss and the quick-acting potassium content of applying modifying agent process are lifted respectively
12.57mg/kg (9.14%), 2.22mg/kg (13.1%), 19.00mg/kg (17.5%) it is seen then that apply composite modifying agent and
Readily available nutrient of soil content can be significantly improved, may advantageously facilitate the absorption to nutrient for the crop.
To sum up, the composite modifying agent of the present invention is applied on gleying paddy soil, soil porosity can be dramatically increased, change
The three of kind soil compare, and reduce the soil weight, improve soil aggregate structure, improve the gas permeability of soil and improve soil water supply guarantor
The performances such as water fertilizer conservation；Soil pH value can be significantly improved, mitigate soil acidification degree, significantly improve soil redox potential, fall
Low soil reduction process material total amount, mitigates Fe2+Etc. the toxic action of reproducibility ion, improve soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphoruss and speed
Effect potassium content.It can be seen that, the composite modifying agent applying the present invention can be obviously improved the physicochemical character of soil, reduce soil and poison work
With promoting soil nutrient release, promoting the purpose absorbing and reaching volume increase to nutrient for the crop.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of composite modifying agent for gleyed soil, including the component of following weight portion：
8 parts of quick lime；23 parts of flyash；57 parts of the cattle manure of fermentation maturity；12 parts of the Semen Brassicae campestriss oil cake of fermentation maturity.Four kinds
Component mix homogeneously, makes composite modifying agent.
The preparation method of the cattle manure of described fermentation maturity is as follows：
By fresh cattle manure, bran coat and carbamide by weight for 673:320:7 mix homogeneously, then add total weight of the mixture
0.5% organic matter decomposing inoculant, then adjust moisture for 55%, fermentation of banking up, at interval of turning in 2-3 days once, 15-20
Become thoroughly decomposed after it, standby after drying.Cattle manure (fresh base) nutrient content is containing N 0.40%, P2O50.10%th, K2O 0.23%.
The preparation method of the Semen Brassicae campestriss oil cake of described fermentation maturity is as follows：
By Semen Brassicae campestriss oil cake and bran coat by weight for 780:220 mix homogeneously, then add total weight of the mixture 0.5%
Organic matter decomposing inoculant, then adjust moisture be 55%, fermentation of banking up, at interval of turning in 2-3 days once, after 15-20 days
Become thoroughly decomposed, standby after drying.Semen Brassicae campestriss oil cake nutrient content is containing N 5.10%, P2O50.85%th, K2O 1.11%.
The using method that above-mentioned composite modifying agent is used for improveing during gleyed soil is to fill shallow in rice transplanting the last fortnight
Water layer, described composite modifying agent is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in soil surface, then ploughs rake uniformly.Composite modifying agent amount of application is 4.5t/
hm2.
Embodiment 2
A kind of composite modifying agent for gleyed soil, including the component of following weight portion：
5 parts of quick lime；30 parts of flyash；50 parts of the cattle manure of fermentation maturity；15 parts of the Semen Brassicae campestriss oil cake of fermentation maturity.Four kinds
Component mix homogeneously, makes composite modifying agent.
The preparation method of the cattle manure of described fermentation maturity is as follows：
By fresh cattle manure, bran coat and carbamide by weight for 645:350:5 mix homogeneously, then add total weight of the mixture
0.5% organic matter decomposing inoculant, then adjust moisture for 55%, fermentation of banking up, at interval of turning in 2-3 days once, 15-20
Become thoroughly decomposed after it, standby after drying.Cattle manure (fresh base) nutrient content is containing N 0.44%, P2O50.13%th, K2O 0.28%.
The preparation method of the Semen Brassicae campestriss oil cake of described fermentation maturity is as follows：
By Semen Brassicae campestriss oil cake and bran coat by weight for 750:250 mix homogeneously, then add total weight of the mixture 0.5%
Organic matter decomposing inoculant, then adjust moisture be 55%, fermentation of banking up, at interval of turning in 2-3 days once, after 15-20 days
Become thoroughly decomposed, standby after drying.Semen Brassicae campestriss oil cake nutrient content is containing N 5.18%, P2O50.89%th, K2O 1.06%.
The using method that above-mentioned composite modifying agent is used for improveing during gleyed soil is to fill shallow in rice transplanting the last fortnight
Water layer, described composite modifying agent is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in soil surface, then ploughs rake uniformly.Composite modifying agent amount of application is 3.0t/
hm2.
The composite modifying agent of the present embodiment is applied to improve gleying paddy soil, continuous enforcement 3 years, annual Oryza sativa L.
Period of maturation surveys and produces, and after 3 years, soil sampling measures index of correlation.Specific experiment result is as follows：
Impact (the t/hm to rice yield for table 5 different disposal2)
Table 6 soil physical property is analyzed
Table 7 soil w ater-stable aggregates are classified (%)
The impact to soil chemical characteritics for table 8 different disposal
In table 5-8, same row difference letter representation statistical test has significant difference, if mark same letter, table
Show that difference is not notable.
As can be seen from Table 5, apply composite modifying agent and can be obviously promoted increasing production of rice, compare with matched group, 2012-2014
Apply composite modifying agent year and process seed rate of growth respectively 10.5%, 12.2%, 13.9%, straw rate of growth is respectively
11.2%th, 12.1%, 17.0%, Biomass rate of growth is respectively 10.8%, 12.2%, 15.4%, and effect of increasing production is obvious, and
It is incremented by with applying time limit increase rate of growth, illustrate to apply composite modifying agent effect of increasing production substantially, and there is accumulative effect.
As can be seen from Table 6, apply composite modifying agent and can dramatically increase soil porosity (increasing by 6.24%), can change simultaneously
The three of kind soil compare hence it is evident that reducing solid phase of soil percentage rate (reduce by 5.08%), and greatly improve gaseous phase of soil percentage rate and (carry
High 14.7%), applies composite modifying agent and can significantly reduce the soil weight (reducing by 5.69%).It can be seen that, apply composite modifying agent energy
Significantly improve the physical property of soil, improve the gas permeability of soil and improve the performances such as soil water supply retain water and nutrients.
In addition, can be seen that administration composite modifying agent from the aggregate classification results of table 7 can significantly improve the big reunion of soil
The content of body, is wherein more than 2mm and 1-2mm particle diameter aggregate impact maximum, is respectively increased 11.3% and 10.9% on particle diameter, with
When apply composite modifying agent and significantly reduce small agglomerates content, 0.106-0.25mm and be less than 0.106mm particle diameter aggregate amounts
Reduction by 14.6% and 15.3% respectively, macro aggregate increases the physical arrangement reducing the obvious improved soil of energy with small agglomerates, changes
The retain water and nutrients performance of kind soil, the growth to crop has material impact.It can be seen that, apply composite modifying agent to Soil structure etc.
The improved effect of physical property is clearly.
Can be seen that administration composite modifying agent from the soil chemical characteritics analysis result of table 8 and can significantly improve soil pH value
(improving 0.57 unit), mitigates soil acidification degree；Soil redox potential (improving 23.6%) can be significantly improved, reduce
Soil reduction process material total amount (reduces by 14.8%), thus mitigating Fe2+Etc. reproducibility ion toxic action and promote soil support
Subrelease is put；Compare with matched group, soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphoruss and the quick-acting potassium content of applying modifying agent process are lifted respectively
14.63mg/kg (10.6%), 1.89mg/kg (11.2%), 15.70mg/kg (14.4%) it is seen then that apply composite modifying agent and
Readily available nutrient of soil content can be significantly improved, may advantageously facilitate the absorption to nutrient for the crop.
Embodiment 3
A kind of composite modifying agent for gleyed soil, including the component of following weight portion：
10 parts of quick lime；20 parts of flyash；60 parts of the cattle manure of fermentation maturity；10 parts of the Semen Brassicae campestriss oil cake of fermentation maturity.Four
Plant component mix homogeneously, make composite modifying agent.
The preparation method of the cattle manure of described fermentation maturity is as follows：
By fresh cattle manure, bran coat and carbamide by weight for 690:300:10 mix homogeneously, then add total weight of the mixture
0.5% organic matter decomposing inoculant, then adjust moisture for 55%, fermentation of banking up, at interval of turning in 2-3 days once, 15-20
Become thoroughly decomposed after it, standby after drying.Cattle manure (fresh base) nutrient content is containing N 0.35%, P2O50.09%th, K2O 0.19%.
The preparation method of the Semen Brassicae campestriss oil cake of described fermentation maturity is as follows：
By Semen Brassicae campestriss oil cake and bran coat by weight for 800:200 mix homogeneously, then add total weight of the mixture 0.5%
Organic matter decomposing inoculant, then adjust moisture be 55%, fermentation of banking up, at interval of turning in 2-3 days once, after 15-20 days
Become thoroughly decomposed, standby after drying.Semen Brassicae campestriss oil cake nutrient content is containing N 4.92%, P2O50.76%th, K2O 0.99%.
The using method that above-mentioned composite modifying agent is used for improveing during gleyed soil is to fill shallow in rice transplanting the last fortnight
Water layer, described composite modifying agent is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in soil surface, then ploughs rake uniformly.Composite modifying agent amount of application is 6.0t/
hm2.
The composite modifying agent of the present embodiment is applied to improve gleying paddy soil, continuous enforcement 3 years, annual Oryza sativa L.
Period of maturation surveys and produces, and after 3 years, soil sampling measures index of correlation.Specific experiment result is as follows：
Impact (the t/hm to rice yield for table 9 different disposal2)
Table 10 soil physical property is analyzed
Soil w ater-stable aggregates classification (%) of table 11 different disposal
The impact to soil chemical characteritics for table 12 different disposal
In table 9-12, same row difference letter representation statistical test has significant difference, if mark same letter, table
Show that difference is not notable.
As can be seen from Table 9, apply composite modifying agent and can be obviously promoted increasing production of rice, compare with matched group, 2012-2014
Apply composite modifying agent year and process seed rate of growth respectively 12.0%, 14.8%, 15.6%, straw rate of growth is respectively
13.7%th, 15.9%, 19.3%, Biomass rate of growth is respectively 12.8%, 15.3%, 17.4%, and effect of increasing production is obvious, and
It is incremented by with applying time limit increase rate of growth, illustrate to apply composite modifying agent effect of increasing production substantially, and there is accumulative effect.
As can be seen from Table 10, apply composite modifying agent and can dramatically increase soil porosity (increasing by 7.34%), can simultaneously
Improve the three of soil to compare hence it is evident that reducing solid phase of soil percentage rate (reducing by 7.58%), and greatly improve gaseous phase of soil percentage rate
(improving 34.1%), applies composite modifying agent and can significantly reduce the soil weight (reducing by 7.32%).It can be seen that, apply composite modifying agent
The physical property of soil can be significantly improved, improve the gas permeability of soil and improve the performances such as soil water supply retain water and nutrients.
In addition, can be seen that administration composite modifying agent from the aggregate classification results of table 11 can significantly improve soil agglomerate
The content of aggressiveness, is wherein more than 2mm and 1-2mm particle diameter aggregate impact maximum, is respectively increased 14.8% and 15.5% on particle diameter,
Apply composite modifying agent simultaneously and significantly reduce small agglomerates content, 0.106-0.25mm and containing less than 0.106mm particle diameter aggregate
Measure reduction by 8.61% and 25.4% respectively, macro aggregate increases the physical arrangement reducing the obvious improved soil of energy with small agglomerates,
Improve the retain water and nutrients performance of soil, the growth to crop has material impact.It can be seen that, apply composite modifying agent to Soil structure
Etc. physical property improved effect clearly.
Can be seen that administration composite modifying agent from the soil chemical characteritics analysis result of table 12 and can significantly improve soil pH value
(improving 0.35 unit), mitigates soil acidification degree；Soil redox potential (improving 17.5%) can be significantly improved, reduce
Soil reduction process material total amount (reduces by 13.3%), thus mitigating Fe2+Etc. reproducibility ion toxic action and promote soil support
Subrelease is put；Compare with matched group, soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphoruss and the quick-acting potassium content of applying modifying agent process are lifted respectively
10.80mg/kg (7.85%), 1.76mg/kg (10.4%), 14.80mg/kg (13.6%) it is seen then that apply composite modifying agent and
Readily available nutrient of soil content can be significantly improved, may advantageously facilitate the absorption to nutrient for the crop.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate example, and the not restriction to embodiment.Right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description other multi-forms change or
Change.There is no need to be exhaustive to all of embodiment.And the obvious change thus extended out or
Change among still in the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of composite modifying agent for gleyed soil is it is characterised in that include the component of following weight portion：
Quick lime 5-10 part；
Flyash 20-30 part；
Cattle manure 50-60 part of fermentation maturity；
Semen Brassicae campestriss oil cake 10-15 part of fermentation maturity.
2. the composite modifying agent for gleyed soil according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described fermentation maturity
The preparation method of cattle manure is as follows：
By fresh cattle manure, bran coat and carbamide by weight for 600-700:300-350:5-10 mix homogeneously, then adds mixture
The fermenting agent of gross weight 0.5%, then adjust moisture for 50%-60%, fermentation of banking up, at interval of turning in 2-3 days once,
Become thoroughly decomposed after 15-20 days, standby after drying.
3. the composite modifying agent for gleyed soil according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described fermentation maturity
The preparation method of Semen Brassicae campestriss oil cake is as follows：
By Semen Brassicae campestriss oil cake and bran coat by weight for 750-850:200-250 mix homogeneously, then adds total weight of the mixture
0.5% fermenting agent, then adjust moisture for 50%-60%, fermentation of banking up, at interval of turning in 2-3 days once, 15-20
Become thoroughly decomposed after it, standby after drying.
4. the composite modifying agent for gleyed soil according to Claims 2 or 3 is it is characterised in that described zymocyte
Agent is specially organic matter decomposing inoculant.
5. according to the arbitrary described composite modifying agent for gleyed soil of Claims 1 to 4 it is characterised in that described powder
The pH value of coal ash is 9-10.
6. application in improvement gleyed soil for the arbitrary described composite modifying agent of Claims 1 to 5.
7. application in improvement gleyed soil for the composite modifying agent according to claim 6 is it is characterised in that in soil
Fill shoaling layer before turning over, described composite modifying agent is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in soil surface, then plough rake uniformly.
8. application in improvement gleyed soil for the composite modifying agent according to claim 7 is it is characterised in that in Oryza sativa L.
Described composite modifying agent was spread fertilizer over the fields no less than two weeks before rice transplanting.
9. application in improvement gleyed soil for the composite modifying agent according to any one of claim 6～8, its feature exists
In the amount of application of described composite modifying agent is 3.0-6.0t/hm2.
10. application in improvement gleyed soil for the composite modifying agent according to claim 6 is it is characterised in that described
Gleyed soil is gleying paddy soil.
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| CN115322055A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-11 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Tobacco soil conditioner and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116806509A (en) * | 2023-05-09 | 2023-09-29 | 华中农业大学 | Rice fertilization method for improving fertility of submerged rice field and application thereof |
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| CN106478296B (en) | 2019-09-27 |
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