CN106476975B

CN106476975B - Motor and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN106476975B
Application number: CN201610881750.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐洪军; 吴俊�; 陆其兵; 周奇
Original assignee: Hanhai Information Technology Shanghai Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hanhai Information Technology Shanghai Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-10-09
Filing date: 2016-10-09
Publication date: 2022-07-15
Anticipated expiration: 2036-10-09
Also published as: CN106476975A

Abstract

The invention provides a motor and a vehicle. The motor is used for a vehicle and is characterized by comprising a rotor hub, a stator core, a main shaft and a fixed end cover, wherein a first mounting structure used for mounting the motor to a frame of the vehicle is arranged on the fixed end cover of the motor, and a second mounting structure used for mounting the motor to a wheel of the vehicle is arranged on the rotor hub of the motor. According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a motor that is convenient to assemble and disassemble and has an improved service life, and a vehicle in which the motor is mounted.

Description

Motor and vehicle

Technical Field

The invention relates to a motor and a vehicle.

Background

As a traditional bicycle, the bicycle retention rate of residents in China is very high. According to a statistic, the number of bicycles in China is 3.7 hundred million. Moreover, with the gradual deepening of people's environmental protection concept and the increasing severity of urban traffic congestion, the number of bicycles tends to increase further in the future.

In recent years, with the improvement of lithium battery technology, the battery volume is decreasing and the battery capacity is increasing, and in recent years, the head corner of the electric power-assisted vehicle is exposed. At present, statistics show that the quantity of electric bicycles in China is as high as 1.8 hundred million.

In an electric bicycle, a motor is a very critical component, and a structure in which a spindle is connected to a vehicle body or a wheel is generally used for mounting the motor to the vehicle body. Regarding the mounting structure of the motor, for example, a prior application (CN105270561A) by the applicant of the present invention discloses the following: as shown in fig. 9A, 401 is a main shaft of the motor, the left side in the figure is a vehicle frame, and the right side is a wheel, and when the motor is mounted on the vehicle frame, the main shaft is supported by two bearings 406 and 409 provided on the vehicle frame, so that the weight of the motor and the rear wheel is supported by the main shaft.

In the above structure, it is obvious that the weight of the whole motor and thus the rear wheel is borne by the two bearings 406 and 409, and not only the bearings bear huge force, but also the main shaft bears correspondingly huge force, which results in shortened service life of the bearings and the motor.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a motor which is easily assembled and disassembled and has an improved service life, and a vehicle having the motor mounted thereon.

A first aspect of the present invention is a motor for a vehicle, wherein the motor includes a rotor hub, a stator core, a spindle, and a fixing end cap, a first mounting structure for mounting the motor to a frame of the vehicle is provided on the fixing end cap of the motor, and a second mounting structure for mounting the motor to a wheel of the vehicle is provided on the rotor hub of the motor.

In the first aspect of the present invention, in the motor, the stator core may be fixed to the fixed end cover, the rotor hub may rotate around the stator core, and the main shaft may pass through a center of the stator core and be connected to the rotor hub.

In the first aspect of the present invention, the first mounting structure may also include an annular boss provided on an end face of the fixed end cover and a horseshoe-shaped mounting table provided on an outer periphery of the boss.

In the first aspect of the present invention, a space may be maintained between the boss and the mount table, and a height of the boss is lower than a height of the mount table in a direction in which a main shaft of the motor extends.

In the first aspect of the present invention, a first mounting portion for mounting the disc brake may be integrally provided on the fixed end cover.

In the first aspect of the present invention, the first mounting portion may be a pair of first mounting ears.

In the first aspect of the present invention, a second mounting portion may be provided along a circumferential surface of the rotor hub in a circumferential direction of the rotor hub to mount a disc brake disc.

In the first aspect of the present invention, the second mounting portion may be a plurality of second mounting lugs arranged in a circumferential direction of the rotor hub.

In the first aspect of the present invention, a controller cover may be mounted on an outer periphery of the fixed cover in a circumferential direction thereof for accommodating a controller of the motor.

In the first aspect of the present invention, the controller cover may be ring-shaped with a notch, and the first mounting lug may be disposed in the notch.

In the first aspect of the present invention, the opening position of the mount table and the position of the notch in the controller cover may be offset by a predetermined angle in the circumferential direction of the motor.

In the first aspect of the present invention, the second mounting structure may be an annular mounting surface provided on an end surface of the rotor hub, and the mounting surface may be provided with a plurality of screw holes.

In the first aspect of the present invention, the motor may include a rotor hub, a stator core, a spindle, and a fixed end cover, the fixed end cover of the motor may be provided with a first mounting structure for mounting the motor to a frame of the vehicle, and the rotor hub of the motor may be provided with a second mounting structure for mounting the motor to a wheel of the vehicle.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a motor that is convenient to assemble and disassemble and has an improved service life, and a vehicle in which the motor is mounted.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a bicycle.

Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the motor disc brake assembly of the present invention including the internal structure of the motor.

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the motor disc brake assembly of the present invention, excluding the internal structure of the motor.

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the motor disc brake assembly of the present invention along the spindle direction.

FIG. 5 is a first assembly view of the motor disc brake assembly of the present invention with the bicycle.

FIG. 6 is a second assembly view of the motor disc brake assembly of the present invention and the bicycle.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the disc brake lock assembly of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail based on specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. For purposes of clarity, components or structures that are well known to those of skill in the art are not specifically described herein. Additionally, while the invention will be described in conjunction with the specific embodiments, it will be understood that they are not intended to limit the invention to the described embodiments. On the contrary, the description is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, and equivalents, which may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

The disc brake system attached to the wheel shaft of a bicycle will be described below as an example, but the present system can be applied to any vehicle such as an electric bicycle, a motorcycle, and an automobile.

[ description of the bicycle ]

Hereinafter, a bicycle to which the disc brake system of the present invention is mounted will be briefly described. As shown in fig. 1, the bicycle according to the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes a frame 100, a front axle assembly 200, a bottom bracket assembly 300, a rear axle assembly 400, a wheel 500, and a handle bar, a saddle, a crank, and pedals, which are not shown. Frame 100 includes front fork 110, head tube 120, down tube 130, integrated chassis 140, seat tube 150. The front fork 110 is rotatably connected to one end of the head pipe 120 about the axial direction of the head pipe 120; the other end of the head pipe 120 is used for mounting a handlebar (not shown); the head pipe 120 is relatively fixedly connected with one end of the frame lower pipe 130 at the middle part; the other end of the down-frame tube 130 is relatively fixedly connected to a down-frame tube connecting portion of the integrated chassis 140; one end of the seat tube 150 is relatively fixedly coupled to the seat tube coupling part of the integrated chassis 140; the other end of the seat tube 150 is used for mounting a seat (not shown). The integrated chassis 140 is an integrated member having the functions of a five-way joint, a rear under-fork, and a rear axle mounting portion, and the rear under-fork portion is only present on one side of the rear wheel, i.e., a single-fork structure. Likewise, the front fork 110 is also of a single fork construction, i.e. is present only on a single side of the front wheel.

As will be described below, in the bicycle of the present invention, the motor disc brake assembly of the present invention is mounted on either the front axle assembly 200 or the rear axle assembly 400 or both. Although not shown, the bicycle of fig. 1 is equipped with a lithium battery, and the motor may be supplied with power to assist riding, or the lithium battery may be charged by riding of the user.

Here, although the description has been given taking a bicycle of a single fork structure as an example, this is merely an example, and any structure such as a double fork may be used as long as the motor and the brake system of the present invention can be mounted.

[ description of the disc brake Assembly of the Motor ]

Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the motor disc brake assembly of the present invention including the internal structure of the motor. First, the structure of the motor 1 will be briefly described with reference to fig. 2 and the like.

As shown in fig. 2, a motor 1 according to the present embodiment is a permanent magnet brushless dc motor (hereinafter, referred to as a motor), and mainly includes, in terms of functional structure: a rotor hub 11, a stator core 12, a main shaft 13, a ratchet rack 14, a ratchet 15, a fixed end cover 16, a controller (not shown), a controller cover 17, and the like.

The main shaft 13 is located at the center of the motor 1, and one end of the main shaft 13 is connected to the ratchet pawl 15, and the other end is connected to a pedal, not shown, via a transmission mechanism, not shown. The transmission mechanism can be a common chain transmission mechanism, and can also be any existing transmission mechanism such as a gear transmission mechanism and the like. The ratchet pawls 15 are attached to a ratchet holder 14, and the ratchet holder 14 is connected to the rotor hub 11 by screws or the like.

A plurality of coils c (shown in fig. 4) are wound around the stator core 12, and the coils c are distributed with a predetermined phase therebetween. The stator core 12 has a through hole at the center thereof for accommodating the main shaft 13 and a sleeve s (see fig. 4) described later.

A plurality of sheet-like magnetic steels are fixed to the inner wall of the rotor hub 11 and surround the stator core 12 coaxially with the stator core.

The fixed end cover 16 is provided with a through hole at the center, and a boss s is provided outside the through hole concentrically with the through hole in the leftward direction in fig. 2, i.e., the inner side direction of the motor. As shown in fig. 4, the stator core 12 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve s by, for example, key bonding, and the main shaft 13 is supported by the inner wall of the sleeve s by a bearing or the like so as to be able to contact the sleeve s. As shown in fig. 4, the rotor hub 11 is supported on the inner wall of the fixed cover 16 via a bearing so as to be rotatable relative to the fixed cover 16.

A ring-shaped controller cover 17 having a notch is fixed to the outer side of the fixed cover 16 in the circumferential direction, and a controller for controlling the motor is mounted inside the controller cover 17. As shown in fig. 2, a flange p for mounting the controller cover 17 is formed on an end surface of the fixed end cover 16 so as to protrude outward in a diameter direction of the motor. The flange p is also in a ring shape with a notch, and the notch is aligned with a notch of the mounting table t, so that the disc brake can be conveniently mounted and maintained. As shown in fig. 2, an end face of the fixed end cover 16 is provided with a mounting structure for connection to a vehicle body frame, and an end face of the rotor hub 11 is provided with a plurality of screw holes for connection to a wheel. The above-described coupling structure for the motor disc brake assembly to the vehicle body will be described in detail below.

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the motor disc brake assembly of the present invention, excluding the internal structure of the motor. As shown in fig. 3, the disc brake system includes a disc brake 2 (disc brake) and a disc brake disc 3, and the disc brake 2 is mounted on a pair of mounting lugs m formed on the stator housing by bolts in such a manner that a plane of a brake pad mounted on an inner side of a jaw thereof is parallel to the disc brake disc 3. In addition, the height of the mounting lug m is preferably adjusted properly, so that the bottom of the disc brake 2 is contacted with the fixed end cover 16 while the disc brake 2 is fixed with the mounting lug through two bolts, so that the installation is more stable. It is further preferred that the shape of the fixed end cap 16 between the two mounting lugs m is suitably adjusted to form a surface contact with the bottom of the disc brake 2, so that the mounting is further stabilized. Here, the description has been given taking two mounting ears as an example, but the number of the mounting ears is not limited to two, and may be one or more as long as the mounting can be secured. In addition, any structure such as a mounting ring or a mounting hole may be used instead of the mounting lug.

In addition, the disc brake disc 3 is mounted to a disc brake disc mounting portion formed on the rotor hub 11 by bolts and inserted into the jaws of the disc brake 2. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the disc brake disc mounting portion is a plurality of mounting lugs m ' formed on the circumferential surface of the rotor hub 11, the number of the mounting lugs m ' corresponds to the number of the mounting holes of the disc brake disc 3, and the mounting lugs m ' and the mounting holes of the disc brake disc 3 are penetrated through bolts, so that the disc brake disc 3 is fixed on the rotor hub 11. However, instead of the mounting lugs, an annular mounting surface may be formed on the circumferential surface of the rotor hub 11, or another mounting structure may be employed.

Here, a brake pad (not shown) is arranged in the jaw of the disc brake 2, and the brake pad is not in contact with the disc brake disc 3 in a normal riding state; in the case where a user brakes by, for example, a brake lever installed on a handlebar, the disc brake 2 presses a brake pad to a disc brake disc by, for example, wire pulling or oil pressure, and the disc brake disc is braked by a frictional force between the brake pad and the disc brake disc.

In addition, the present invention is characterized in that the disc brake 2 is directly mounted on the fixed end cover 16 of the motor without an additional auxiliary component such as a mounting bracket, and although the disc brake 2 and the fixed end cover 16 are connected by bolts in the manner of mounting lugs, the connection manner is not limited thereto, and the disc brake 2 and the circumferential surface of the fixed end cover 16 may be directly connected by bolts or any conventional connection/mounting manner according to the structure of the disc brake 2.

In addition, here, the disc brake disc 3 is mounted to the disc brake disc mounting portion formed on the fixed end cover 16 by bolts, but the connection method is not limited thereto, and any conventional connection/mounting method similar to the connection method of the lens and the main body in the single lens reflex camera may be adopted. Furthermore, the disc brake disc 3 is not necessarily fixed to the motor, but may be fixed to the wheel.

[ method for assembling disc brake component of electric machine ]

Above, the structure of the motor disc brake assembly is explained. The following describes an assembly method of the above-mentioned motor disc brake assembly.

First, the disc brake disc 3 is mounted on the rotor hub 11 of the motor. Particularly, stop the tip in the rotor wheel hub 11 of the hole cover entering motor in the middle of dish 3 with the dish, make dish 3 of stopping the dish and the laminating of dish installation department of stopping of the dish on rotor wheel hub 11 of dish, then stop dish 3 and dish and stop a plurality of mounting holes on the dish installation department and aim at respectively, fix with the bolt to accomplish the installation that dish 3 of stopping. Then, the disc brake 2 is mounted on the fixed end cover 16 of the motor. Particularly, with the dish of stopping 2 keep silent and aim at dish 3 of stopping, aim at the installation face of the mounting hole on two installation ears m with the installation face of its mounting hole simultaneously, under this state, push away the dish from the outside-in motor spindle's diametric (al) in the ware of stopping 3, and when the dish of stopping 3 gets into the dish and stops 2 keep silent, and under the circumstances that the mounting hole of dish ware 2 of stopping was aimed at with the mounting hole of two installation ears, pass the bolt and the cover nut is screwed up at the mounting hole of dish ware 2 of stopping and the mounting hole of installation ear, thereby accomplish the installation of dish ware 2 of stopping.

The motor disc brake assembly can bring the following technical effects:

(1) the connecting bracket used for mounting the disc brake in the prior art is removed, and the production cost is reduced.

(2) The process is optimized, and the production efficiency is improved.

(3) The disc brake is directly fixed with the stator shell of the motor, and the stress of the disc brake disc is opposite to the stress of the disc brake and acts on the motor shell when braking, so that the problem of deformation of a pole body of the motor caused by the stress of the disc brake is solved.

[ method for assembling motor disc brake assembly and bicycle ]

Above, the structure of the motor and the assembly structure and method of the motor disc brake assembly are explained. The following describes the mounting structure and method of the motor disc brake assembly and the bicycle with reference to fig. 2 to 6.

Next, an assembling structure of the motor disc brake assembly and the bicycle of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 2. First, an assembly structure of the motor disc brake assembly and the integrated chassis 140 is explained. As shown in fig. 2, a through hole for inserting the main shaft 13 is formed in the center of the fixed cover 16, and a bearing is mounted in the through hole for supporting the main shaft 13. An annular projection r is formed around the through hole on the outer side of the fixed end cover 16, i.e., the mounting surface with the integrated chassis 140. A horseshoe-shaped mounting table t is formed at the periphery of the annular boss r, and a plurality of screw holes are formed on the mounting table t to be fixedly connected with the integrated chassis 140. The annular boss r is spaced apart from the mounting block t by a distance to receive a corresponding portion of the integrated chassis 140. In addition, as shown in fig. 4, the height of the annular boss r is lower than the height of the mount table t. The structures of the annular boss r and the mounting table t are matched with the corresponding structures on the integrated chassis 140, so that the integrated chassis 140 can be mounted and fixed, and the integrated chassis 140 and the motor disc brake assembly are prevented from rotating relatively.

In addition, as shown in fig. 2, the opening direction of the mounting table t and the opening direction of the controller cover 17 are staggered by a certain angle in the circumferential direction of the spindle 13, so that the disk brake 2 does not collide with the integrated chassis 140, and the motor disk brake assembly can be further thinned in the thickness direction.

Next, a mounting structure of the motor disc brake assembly and the wheel will be described. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, a flange-like mounting surface f is formed on the outer end surface of the rotor hub 11, and screw holes are formed in the mounting surface f, so that the wheel is fixed to the mounting surface f by bolts.

By providing the mounting structures with the vehicle body on the rotor hub 11 and the fixed end cover 16 respectively as described above, the motor disc brake assembly is mounted between the integrated chassis 140 and the wheel as shown in fig. 5. Here, the mounting structure between the motor disc brake assembly and the vehicle is described by taking the motor disc brake assembly as an example, but the present invention is not limited to the motor disc brake assembly, and a structure in which a brake system such as an electromagnetic brake is integrated or a structure having no brake system is integrated in the motor as shown in fig. 6 may be adopted, as long as the structure is a structure in which a housing of the motor is connected to the vehicle, and the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

In addition, although the motor disc brake assembly is mounted on the rear wheel, the motor disc brake assembly can be mounted on the front wheel or both the front wheel and the rear wheel to achieve the purpose of the present invention. In the case of mounting on a front wheel, the fixed end cap 16 of the motor disc brake assembly of the present invention is mounted, for example, on the front fork 110.

The mounting structure of the motor disc brake assembly and the wheel can bring the following technical effects:

(1) the assembly and disassembly are convenient, the process is optimized, the production efficiency is improved, and a more reliable structure is realized at lower cost;

(2) the motor main shaft does not bear the vehicle weight and only has a transmission function, and the vehicle weight is distributed on a bearing part on the rotor hub and the fixed end cover, namely the motor shell, so that the service life of the motor is prolonged;

(3) rotor wheel hub passes through the bearing and transmits the external stress of wheel to the fixing base of motor on, the inside spare part of protection motor that like this can be better does not receive external factor's interference to also reduce the operation requirement of processing and material when having reduced the damage of the inside spare part of motor greatly.

[ description of disc brake Lock Assembly ]

Above, the structure and the installation method of the motor disc brake assembly are explained. In addition, the invention also relates to a novel structure of the disc brake lock assembly.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the disc brake lock assembly of the present invention. The invention is different from the prior mode of locking the wheel and is characterized in that the disc brake disc is directly locked.

As shown in fig. 7, the disc brake lock assembly of the present invention mainly includes a disc brake disc 3 and a lock 4. In addition, as described below, the vehicle lock 4 of the present invention can be controlled by the mobile phone APP, and therefore, includes a communication module and a control module, which are not shown. The lock 4 may be a mechanical lock or an electronic lock, and mainly includes a lock body and a lock pin 41. The lock pin 41 is moved between two positions of being retracted into the lock body and being extended out of the lock body by mechanical force or electromagnetic force or the like. In addition, the lock 4 is fixed to the integrated chassis 140 by bolts, and is located between the integrated chassis 140 and the brake disc 3 and in a gap of the controller cover 17. Here, since the disc brake 2 is also installed in the notch, the position of the lock 4 is adjusted properly so as not to interfere with the disc brake 2 when the lock is installed. Further, in this example, the lock 4 is fixed to the integrated chassis 140 by bolts, but the lock 4 may be mounted to the fixed end cover 16 in a similar manner to mounting the disc brake 2, for example.

In addition, corresponding to the above-mentioned lock 4, a series of lock holes are arranged on the disc brake 3 in the circumferential direction at the same position from the center of the circle, the positions of the lock holes correspond to the lock pins 41, and when a user controls the lock pins 41 of the lock 4 to pass through the holes on the disc brake 3, for example, through a mobile phone APP, the locking can be completed.

In addition, if the lock pin 41 fails to correspond to the hole on the disc brake disc 3 during locking, the lock pin 41 is pushed against any position of the disc brake disc 3 by the spring device arranged in the lock 4, and at this time, as long as the user rotates the wheel slightly to make the disc brake disc 3 rotate along with the rear wheel of the whole vehicle, the lock pin 41 can fall into the hole on the disc brake disc 3 adjacent to the current position. On the other hand, the unlocking is completed by controlling the lock pin 41 on the vehicle lock 4 to retract through the mobile phone APP operated by the user.

Here, in the present embodiment, it is preferable that the locking and unlocking be performed by the control of the mobile phone APP, which can save a complicated mechanical structure and reduce the operation burden of the user. For details on how to lock and unlock through APP control, please refer to another application document "a lock" (application number: 201510886031.6) of the present applicant. Of course, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that locking and unlocking may be controlled by any mechanical or electrical means.

In addition, although the disc brake lock assembly is mounted on the rear wheel, the disc brake lock assembly can be mounted on the front wheel or both the front wheel and the rear wheel to achieve the purpose of the present invention. When attached to the front wheel, the lock 4 is attached to the front fork 110, for example.

The embodiments of the motor disc brake assembly, the motor, and the disc brake lock assembly according to the present invention are applied to a bicycle that generates a driving force of a center shaft by a crank rotation, but the structures of the components and the connection relationship thereof may be applied to various electric vehicles such as an electric bicycle, a motorcycle, an old-aged walker, and an electric vehicle.

The present invention has been described above with reference to the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and configurations of the embodiments are appropriately combined or replaced and are also included in the scope of the present invention. Further, combinations and processing sequences in the respective embodiments may be appropriately rearranged based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art, or modifications such as various design changes may be applied to the respective embodiments, and embodiments to which such modifications are applied may be included in the scope of the present invention.

While the invention has been described in detail with respect to the various concepts, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and alternatives to those concepts may be developed in light of the overall teachings of the disclosure. Those of ordinary skill in the art, with the benefit of this disclosure, will be able to implement the invention as set forth in the claims without undue experimentation. It is to be understood that the specific concepts disclosed are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and their full scope of equivalents.

Claims

1. An electric machine for an electric vehicle, characterized in that,

the motor comprises a rotor hub, a stator core, a main shaft and a fixed end cover,

a first mounting structure for mounting the motor to a frame of the electric vehicle is arranged on the fixed end cover of the motor,

a second mounting structure for mounting the motor to a wheel of the electric vehicle is provided on the rotor hub of the motor,

wherein the electric vehicle is an electric bicycle,

a first mounting part is integrally arranged on the fixed end cover and is used for mounting a disc brake,

and a second installation part is arranged along the circumferential surface of the rotor hub in the circumferential direction and used for installing a disc brake disc.

2. The electrical machine of claim 1,

in the motor, the stator core is fixed with the fixed end cover, the rotor hub rotates around the stator core, and the main shaft penetrates through the center of the stator core and is connected with the rotor hub.

3. The electrical machine according to claim 1 or 2,

the first mounting structure comprises an annular boss arranged on the end face of the fixed end cover and a horseshoe-shaped mounting platform arranged on the periphery of the boss.

4. The electrical machine of claim 3,

the boss and the mounting table keep a certain interval, and the height of the boss is lower than that of the mounting table in the extension direction of the main shaft of the motor.

5. The electrical machine of claim 3,

the first mounting portion is a pair of first mounting ears.

6. The electrical machine of claim 1,

the second installation portion is a plurality of second installation ears that are arranged in rotor hub's circumferencial direction.

7. The electric machine of claim 5,

and a controller cover is arranged on the periphery of the fixed end cover in the circumferential direction and used for accommodating a controller of the motor.

8. The electrical machine of claim 7,

the controller cover is ring-shaped with a notch, and the first mounting lug is arranged in the notch.

9. The electrical machine of claim 8,

the opening position of the mounting table and the position of the notch on the controller cover are staggered by a certain angle in the circumferential direction of the motor.

10. The electrical machine according to claim 1 or 2,

the second mounting structure is an annular mounting surface arranged on the end face of the rotor hub, and a plurality of screw holes are formed in the mounting surface.

11. An electric vehicle including an electric motor, characterized in that,

wherein the electric vehicle is an electric bicycle,