CN106472824A - A kind of alcohol method removes the method and apparatus of corn germ cake toxin - Google Patents
A kind of alcohol method removes the method and apparatus of corn germ cake toxin Download PDFInfo
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- CN106472824A CN106472824A CN201611214078.9A CN201611214078A CN106472824A CN 106472824 A CN106472824 A CN 106472824A CN 201611214078 A CN201611214078 A CN 201611214078A CN 106472824 A CN106472824 A CN 106472824A
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- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
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- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 210
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- GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 21
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- LINOMUASTDIRTM-QGRHZQQGSA-N deoxynivalenol Chemical compound C([C@@]12[C@@]3(C[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O[C@@H]1C=C(C([C@@H](O)[C@@]13CO)=O)C)C)O2 LINOMUASTDIRTM-QGRHZQQGSA-N 0.000 abstract description 17
- LINOMUASTDIRTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vomitoxin hydrate Natural products OCC12C(O)C(=O)C(C)=CC1OC1C(O)CC2(C)C11CO1 LINOMUASTDIRTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 17
- 229930195730 Aflatoxin Natural products 0.000 abstract description 15
- XWIYFDMXXLINPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aflatoxin G Chemical compound O=C1OCCC2=C1C(=O)OC1=C2C(OC)=CC2=C1C1C=COC1O2 XWIYFDMXXLINPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000005409 aflatoxin Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- MBMQEIFVQACCCH-QBODLPLBSA-N zearalenone Chemical compound O=C1O[C@@H](C)CCCC(=O)CCC\C=C\C2=CC(O)=CC(O)=C21 MBMQEIFVQACCCH-QBODLPLBSA-N 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 12
- MBMQEIFVQACCCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-Zearalenon Natural products O=C1OC(C)CCCC(=O)CCCC=CC2=CC(O)=CC(O)=C21 MBMQEIFVQACCCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000228197 Aspergillus flavus Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000223195 Fusarium graminearum Species 0.000 description 3
- -1 alkene Ketone Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940011871 estrogen Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000000262 estrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 101100449517 Arabidopsis thaliana GRH1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
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- 101100434479 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) AFB1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- OQIQSTLJSLGHID-WNWIJWBNSA-N aflatoxin B1 Chemical compound C=1([C@@H]2C=CO[C@@H]2OC=1C=C(C1=2)OC)C=2OC(=O)C2=C1CCC2=O OQIQSTLJSLGHID-WNWIJWBNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930020125 aflatoxin-B1 Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 238000011953 bioanalysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- UMFJAHHVKNCGLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Nitrosodimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)N=O UMFJAHHVKNCGLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010000234 Abortion spontaneous Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010007269 Carcinogenicity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000012902 Nervous system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000025966 Neurological disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010040880 Skin irritation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010047700 Vomiting Diseases 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTKDAFGWCDAMPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N azaperone Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)CCCN1CCN(C=2N=CC=CC=2)CC1 XTKDAFGWCDAMPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- XCJXQCUJXDUNDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlordene Chemical compound C12C=CCC2C2(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C1(Cl)C2(Cl)Cl XCJXQCUJXDUNDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003754 fetus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002561 ketenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000015994 miscarriage Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium cyanide Chemical compound [K+].N#[C-] NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method that alcohol method removes corn germ cake toxin, and methods described includes multistage-combination detoxification, de- liquid, baking step；Wherein, series in described multistage-combination detoxification is 15 grades, described detoxification mode is drag chain type extraction, hoirzontally rotating extraction, complete immersion, stirring mixing, reverse step mixing one of or two or more combinations, described reverse step is corn germ cake traffic direction and alcohol-water mixture flow direction is contrary, and the toxin concentration in alcohol-water mixtures has Concentraton gradient between not at the same level taking second place.The present invention carries out being classified detoxification using multiple detoxification device, and arranges de- liquid step and baking step after detoxification, forms industrialized production, can make the requirement that aflatoxin, 6-(10-hydroxy-6-oxo-trans-1-undecenyl)-.beta.-resorcylic acid lactone and the vomitoxin content of corn germ cake are up to state standards；And in de- liquid step, the liquid removal in corn germ cake, the liquid of removing are taken out of a part of toxin, further enhanced detoxification efficiency；In baking step, the alcohol in corn germ cake is baked out, to recycle, there is not secondary pollution, the nutritive value of corn germ cake is not damaged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Fructus Maydiss oils and fatss processing and feed manufacturing technical field, more particularly, to removing carry oil later
In corn germ cake, toxin carries aflatoxin, 6-(10-hydroxy-6-oxo-trans-1-undecenyl)-.beta.-resorcylic acid lactone in the later corn germ cake of oil and in particular to removing
Toxin, the method and apparatus of vomitoxin.
Background technology
Fructus Maydis oil is commercially very popular because of its unique local flavor and nutritive value, and Fructus Maydiss are after carrying oil
The corn germ cake obtaining can use as the raw material of feedstuff.Fructus Maydiss can grow substantial amounts of microorganism output before carrying oil
The toxin such as substantial amounts of aflatoxin, zearalenone toxin, vomitoxin, corn germ cake eventually stayed by these toxin
In, the use of impact corn germ cake.
To thermally-stabilised, at 280 DEG C, at 100 DEG C, heating 20h is not also destroyed its cracking temperature aflatoxin, Huang Qu
Mould toxin AFB1 is considered as pathogenic the strongest in all natural liver carcinogen, the toxicity of AFB1 is 10 times of potassium cyanide,
68 times of arsenicum, 416 times of tripolycyanamide, the carcinogenicity of aflatoxin is 70 times of N-nitrosodimethylamine, chlordene biphenyl
（BHC）10000 times, animal has taken in the feedstuff containing aflatoxin, can accumulate, directly or indirectly in its breast, meat, egg
Human body is worked the mischief；6-(10-hydroxy-6-oxo-trans-1-undecenyl)-.beta.-resorcylic acid lactone has the effect of estrogen, and its intensity is 1/10th of estrogen, can cause house
The estrogen level of fowl and domestic animal improves, and has now been found that, pig is most sensitive to this toxin；Vomitoxin all has very to humans and animals
Strong toxicity, can cause humans and animals vomiting, diarrhoea, skin irritation, refusing to eat, neurological disorders, miscarriage, stillborn fetuses etc..Country is to raising
In material, the residual quantity of the toxin such as aflatoxin, zearalenone toxin and vomitoxin has strict regulation, therefore, removing
Three of the above toxin in corn germ cake has become a difficult problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.
At present, our methods of common removing corn germ cake toxin have：Physics and chemistry method, bioanalysises and enzymatic isolation method etc..Reason
, mostly using the method manually picked, adsorb or fumigate, these methods mostly can only on a small scale for change method, and intermittent production has
A little methods easily cause secondary pollution；Process stabilizing and bioanalysises are more suitable for the removing of noxious substance in liquid, to solid
Property poor, be least suitable for the toxin in removing powder body, and some methods also rest on theory or laboratory stage；In addition digest
Method detoxification mainly utilizes the single-minded affinity of enzyme, and efficiently catalysis, degraded toxin are non-toxic compound or small molecule non-poisonous material
Matter, due to the culture of bioactive enzyme with applicable elements are harsher removes three of the above toxin, this side it is impossible to meet simultaneously
Method does not obtain large-scale application yet.That is do not have so far yet a kind of science, stable method and apparatus realize extensive,
The industrialized detoxification of seriality.
In sum, the poison-removing method of current corn germ cake, mostly can only small lot, batch (-type) life using straightforward procedure
Produce, the situation that secondary pollution also occurs having, have only rests on theory and experimental stage, all unrealized industrialization continuity life
Produce.Want safe use corn germ cake it would be highly desirable to solve the problems, such as the detoxification of corn germ cake.
Content of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of alcohol method to remove the method and apparatus of corn germ cake toxin,
The later corn germ cake of detoxification is made to keep nutritive value not to be damaged, corn germ cake is not subjected to secondary pollution.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, provides a kind of method that alcohol method removes corn germ cake toxin,
Methods described comprises the steps：
S101：Multistage-combination detoxification：Ready corn germ cake is fed sequentially in multiple alcohol-water mixtures and carries out continuously
Classification detoxification；
S102：De- liquid：Liquid abjection in the corn germ cake that described step S101 is obtained；
S103：Dry：The corn germ cake that described step S102 is obtained is dried；
Wherein,
Series in described multistage-combination detoxification is 1-5 level, and the series in detoxification refers to the unit number of detoxification, each detoxifying unit
Referred to as one-level, a detoxifying unit can be an equipment, or a part for an equipment, or two or more
Equipment combination.Described detoxification mode is drag chain type extraction, hoirzontally rotating extraction, complete immersion, stirring mixing, reverse step mixing in
One or more combination.Described complete immersion detoxification is alcohol-water mixing that corn germ cake is all immersed in detoxification
In liquid.Described stirring mixing can be made by the way of one of stirring, recoil and flushing or two or more combinations
Corn germ cake is sufficiently mixed with alcohol-water mixtures and contacts.Described reverse step is corn germ cake traffic direction and alcohol-water mixes
Close liquor stream and move in opposite direction, concentration abbreviation toxin concentration in alcohol-water miscible fluid for the toxin, the toxin in alcohol-water mixtures is dense
There is Concentraton gradient in degree between not at the same level taking second place, fresh alcohol-water mixtures toxin concentration is 0%, for afterbody detoxification,
With alcohol-water mixtures first mobile forward, toxin concentration is gradually increased, and forms the concentration of toxin so between not at the same level taking second place
Gradient, i.e. reverse step detoxification.
Toxin in corn germ cake mainly has aflatoxin, zearalenone toxin and vomitoxin etc..Huang Qu
Mould toxin, the zearalenone toxin and vomitoxin dissolubility in different solvents is variant, and aflatoxin, Semen Maydiss are red
Mould ketenes toxin is soluble in the organic polar solvents such as methanol, ethanol, acetone, chloroform, and vomitoxin is dissolved in water, the present invention according to
This characteristic finds out a kind of solvent of general character, that is, adopt the detoxification solvent as corn germ cake for the mixed liquor of alcohol and water, and adopt
With 1-5 level detoxification, the continuous corn germ cake running all is completely soaked in alcohol-water mixtures by every one-level detoxification；And
De- liquid step and baking step are set after detoxification, form industrialized production；By the part liquid in corn germ cake in de- liquid step
Body removes, and the liquid of removing is taken a part of toxin out of, further enhanced detoxification efficiency；By in corn germ cake in baking step
Alcohol bakes out, and to recycle, there is not secondary pollution, the nutritive value of corn germ cake is not damaged.
Preferably, described detoxification series is 1-3 level.
Preferably, in described step S101, described alcohol-water mixtures are the mixed liquor of methanol-water, and described methanol-water mixes
The methanol concentration closing liquid is 75-95%, and the weight of described corn germ cake and methanol-water mixture compares 1:4-10, detoxification mixed liquor
Temperature be 10-55 DEG C, described detoxification time 15-60 minute.
Preferably, the concentration of described methanol-water mixture is 85-95%, described corn germ cake and methanol-water mixture
Weight compare 1:6-8, the temperature of detoxification mixed liquor is 47-53 DEG C, described detoxification time 25-35 minute.
The present invention provide method can by select detoxification series, adjustment methanol concentration, adjustment the detoxification time and
Mixing intensity is realizing the detoxification of the corn germ cake to different pollution levels.
Preferably, the multistage-combination detoxification in described step S101 is：Previous stage detoxification completes and enters back into down after draining
One-level detoxification.
Corn germ cake, after every one-level detoxification discharging, is both provided with one and drains process, by solid and liquid drip
Dry mode separates, and so between detoxification series, reduces the co-flow of methanol solution and material, thus forming toxin in first
Clearly Concentraton gradient in alcohol-water mixtures, is conducive to toxin to remove.The described process that drains can be that nature drains,
The equipment that can be made by is carried out, the liquid in such as extruded material.
Preferably, also include the rectification recovery process of methanol in described step S101, described rectification recovery process is in
Between one-level detoxification and afterbody detoxification, and the flow of the methanol-water mixture of the described rectification recycling step of arrival >=
0.1m3/h.
In the process carrying out multistage detoxification to corn germ cake, toxin concentration can be gradually increased the mixed liquor of methanol-water
Even saturation, the present invention arranges rectification between afterbody detoxification step and first order detoxification step and reclaims, in order to detoxification
The mixed liquor of methanol-water afterwards carries out rectification and purification, and toxin discharges with wastewater of rectification, and qualified methanol-water mixture is again
It is applied to During Detoxification, cost-effective.Reach the size of the methanol-water mixture flow of rectification recycling step, according to detoxification
Effect, to adjust, to be realized by the uninterrupted supplementing fresh methanol-water mixed liquid.
Preferably, corn germ cake water capacity≤40% in described step S102, after de- liquid.
Preferably, in described step S103, water capacity≤8% of the corn germ cake after drying, drying temperature is 85-105
℃.
The present invention also provides a kind of alcohol method to remove the equipment of corn germ cake toxin, is applied to above-mentioned method, described sets
The standby detoxification device including being sequentially connected, de- liquid equipment and drying plant, the quantity of described detoxification device is 1-5, described de-
Malicious equipment includes agitator tank and drains machine, drains one end of machine described in the bottom connection of described agitator tank, described drains the another of machine
One end connects the top of the agitator tank of detoxification device described in next stage, and the machine that drains of afterbody detoxification device connects described de- liquid
Equipment.
The alcohol method that the present invention provides removes in the equipment of corn germ cake toxin, and described detoxification device adopts agitator tank and drip
Dry machine, multiple detoxification device form multistage detoxification, and every one-level detoxification device all includes agitator tank and drains machine, and methanol-water mixes
Liquid and corn germ cake stir Forced Mixing with agitator in agitator tank, increase methanol-water mixture and corn germ cake
Contact area, strengthens detoxification efficiency；Stirring intensity and the running speed draining machine can be adjusted, to ensure Semen Maydiss in During Detoxification
The time of staying in agitator tank for the plumule dregs of rice, thus ensure detoxification efficiency；All followed by using draining after often completing one-level detoxification
Machine is drained, and so between detoxification series, reduces the co-flow of methanol solution and material, thus formed toxin methanol-
Clearly Concentraton gradient in water mixed liquid, is conducive to toxin to remove.
The present invention carries out being classified detoxification using multiple detoxification device, and arranges de- liquid equipment and drying plant, makes multiple de-
Malicious equipment forms serialization with de- liquid equipment and drying plant, realizes industrialized production.
Preferably, described de- liquid equipment is extruder.Using extruder, the liquid in the corn germ cake after detoxification is squeezed
Go out, the liquid of removing takes a part of toxin out of, further enhances detoxification efficiency.
Preferably, described drying plant is tray dryer machine.
Preferably, described equipment also includes the rectification reclaimer of alcohol, and described rectification reclaimer is respectively communicated with the first order
The agitator tank draining machine and afterbody detoxification device of detoxification device.
The present invention arranges rectification reclaimer between afterbody detoxification step and first order detoxification step, in order to will
Mixed liquor after rear stage detoxification carries out rectification and purification, is applied to During Detoxification again, cost-effective, and toxin is with discharge of wastewater.
Technical scheme provided in an embodiment of the present invention can comprise following beneficial effect：
The present invention provides a kind of method that alcohol method removes corn germ cake toxin, methods described include multistage-combination detoxification, de- liquid,
Baking step；Wherein, the series in described multistage-combination detoxification is 1-5 level, and the series in detoxification refers to the unit number of detoxification, often
One detoxifying unit is referred to as one-level, and a detoxifying unit can be an equipment, or a part for an equipment, or two
Or the equipment of more than two combines.Described detoxification mode is drag chain type extraction, hoirzontally rotating extraction, complete immersion, stirring mixing, reverse
One of step mixing or two or more combinations.Described complete immersion detoxification is that corn germ cake is all immersed in detoxification
In alcohol-water mixtures.Described stirring mixing can be to adopt one of to stir, recoil and rinse or two or more combinations
Mode make corn germ cake be sufficiently mixed with alcohol-water mixtures to contact.Described reverse step is corn germ cake traffic direction
Contrary with alcohol-water mixtures flow direction, there is Concentraton gradient in the toxin concentration in alcohol-water mixtures between not at the same level taking second place,
Fresh alcohol-water mixtures toxin concentration is 0%, for afterbody detoxification, with alcohol-water mixtures first mobile forward, poison
Plain concentration is gradually increased, and forms the Concentraton gradient of toxin so between not at the same level taking second place, i.e. reverse step detoxification.The present invention adopts
Multiple detoxification device carry out being classified detoxification, and arrange de- liquid step and baking step after detoxification, form industrialized production；And
By the liquid removal in the corn germ cake after detoxification in de- liquid step, the liquid of removing takes a part of toxin out of, increases further
Strong detoxification efficiency；In baking step, the alcohol in the corn germ cake after detoxification is baked out, to recycle, there is not secondary dirt
Dye, the nutritive value of corn germ cake is not damaged.
Brief description
For the clearer explanation embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
Have technology description in required use accompanying drawing be briefly described it is clear that, to those skilled in the art, not
On the premise of paying creative work, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the method that a kind of alcohol method provided in an embodiment of the present invention removes corn germ cake toxin.
Fig. 2 is that a kind of alcohol method provided in an embodiment of the present invention removes the method for corn germ cake toxin with three-level detoxification as spy
The schematic flow sheet levied.
Fig. 3 is that a kind of alcohol method provided in an embodiment of the present invention removes the method for corn germ cake toxin with three-level detoxification as spy
The structural representation of the equipment levied.
Fig. 4 is the rectification reclaimer of the equipment that a kind of alcohol method provided in an embodiment of the present invention removes corn germ cake toxin
Structural representation.
Shown in figure：1- one-level agitator tank, 2- one-level drain machine, bis- grades of agitator tanks of 3-, bis- grades of 4- drains machine, 5- three-level is stirred
Mix tank, 6- three-level drains machine, 7- extruder, 8- tray dryer machine, 9- rectification reclaimer, 91- scraper evaporator, 92- rectification
Tower, 93- condenser.
Specific embodiment
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand the technical scheme in the present invention, real below in conjunction with the present invention
Apply the accompanying drawing in example, the enforcement it is clear that described is clearly and completely described to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention
Example is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, art technology
The every other embodiment that personnel are obtained under the premise of not making creative work, all should belong to the protection model of the present invention
Enclose.
Referring to Fig. 1, it show the stream that a kind of alcohol method provided in an embodiment of the present invention removes the method for corn germ cake toxin
Journey schematic diagram.Based on method flow shown in all by Fig. 1 for the method in following each embodiments.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of method that alcohol method removes corn germ cake toxin, and as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, methods described includes
Following steps：
S101：Multistage-combination detoxification：Ready corn germ cake is fed sequentially in multiple alcohol-water mixtures and carries out continuously
Classification detoxification；
S102：De- liquid：Liquid abjection in the corn germ cake that described step S101 is obtained；Corn germ cake after de- liquid contains
Moisture is 40%.
S103：Dry：The corn germ cake that described step S102 is obtained is dried；Corn germ cake after drying containing wet
Measure as 8%, the temperature after drying is 85 DEG C.
Wherein, the series in described multistage-combination detoxification is three-level, and described detoxification mode is complete immersion, stirring mixes and inverse
Combination in step mixing, described reverse step is corn germ cake traffic direction and alcohol-water mixtures flow direction is contrary,
There is Concentraton gradient between not at the same level taking second place in the toxin concentration in mixed liquor.Described stirring mixing makes jade by the way of stirring
The Rice plumule dregs of rice and alcohol-water mixtures are sufficiently mixed.Described complete immersion is alcohol-water that corn germ cake is all immersed in detoxification
In mixed liquor.Corn germ cake after every one-level detoxification enters next stage detoxification after draining；Solid and liquid are separated with draining,
The co-flow of methanol solution and material so can be reduced between detoxification series, thus forming toxin in alcohol-water mixtures
Clearly Concentraton gradient, be conducive to toxin remove.
In the present embodiment, described alcohol-water mixtures are the mixed liquor of methanol-water, and the methanol-water in three-level During Detoxification mixes
The concentration closing liquid is 75%, and the weight ratio of the corn germ cake in every one-level detoxification and methanol-water mixture is 1:4, three-level
The temperature of detoxification mixed liquor is respectively 30 DEG C, 47 DEG C and 53 DEG C, and every grade of detoxification time is 20 minutes.The present invention passes through to select to take off
The series of poison, the concentration of adjustment methanol, adjustment detoxification time and mixing intensity are capable of the corn germ to different pollution levels
The detoxification of the bud dregs of rice.
The multistage-combination During Detoxification of the present embodiment also includes rectification and reclaims, due to adopting reverse step to mix in the present embodiment
Close, therefore, the direction of advance of corn germ cake is contrary with the direction of advance of described methanol-water mixture, before corn germ cake
Entering direction is that the direction of advance of methanol-water mixture is from third level detoxification to first from first order detoxification to third level detoxification
Level detoxification, therefore, methanol-water mixture finally reaches first order detoxification, so the liquid that rectification is reclaimed is in first order detoxification
Methanol-water mixture, be then return in third level detoxification, and in third level detoxification supplement a certain amount of concentration qualified
Fresh methanol, is adjusted into the flow of the methanol-water mixture in three-level detoxification, makes the methanol-water mixing that arrival rectification is reclaimed
The flow of liquid is 0.5m3/h.
Toxin in corn germ cake includes aflatoxin, zearalenone toxin and vomitoxin.Aspergillus flavus poison
Element, the zearalenone toxin and vomitoxin dissolubility in different solvents are variant, aflatoxin, Gibberella zeae alkene
Ketone toxin is soluble in the organic polar solvents such as methanol, ethanol, acetone, chloroform, and vomitoxin is dissolved in water, and the present invention is according to this
Characteristic finds out a kind of solvent of general character, that is, adopt the detoxification solvent as corn germ cake for the mixed liquor of alcohol and water, and adopt three
Level detoxification, the continuous corn germ cake running all is completed to soak in certain density alcohol-water mixtures by every one-level detoxification；And
And de- liquid step and baking step are set after detoxification, form industrialized production；To go out in corn germ cake in de- liquid step
Liquid removal, the liquid of removing takes a part of toxin out of, further enhances detoxification efficiency；By in corn germ cake in baking step
Alcohol bake out, with recycle, there is not secondary pollution, the nutritive value of corn germ cake is not damaged.
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of alcohol method to remove the equipment of corn germ cake toxin, corresponds to
Above-mentioned method, described equipment includes detoxification device, de- liquid equipment and the drying plant being sequentially connected by transmission equipment, described
The quantity of detoxification device is three, respectively one-level detoxification device, two grades of detoxification device and three-level detoxification device, and each is described
Detoxification device include an agitator tank and one drain machine, three detoxification device include three agitator tanks altogether and three drain machine,
It is respectively one-level agitator tank 1, one-level and drains 3, two grades of 2, two grades of agitator tanks of machine and drain machine 4, three-level agitator tank 5 and three-level and drain machine
6, the bottom of described one-level agitator tank 1 connects one end that described one-level drains machine 2, and described one-level drains the other end connection of machine 2
The top of two grades of agitator tanks 3, the bottom of described two grades of agitator tanks 3 connects described two grades one end draining machine 4, and described two grades drain
The other end of machine 4 connects the top of described three-level agitator tank 5, and the bottom of described three-level agitator tank 5 connects described three-level and drains machine 6
One end, described three-level drain machine 6 the other end connect described de- liquid equipment, in the present embodiment, described de- liquid equipment be extruding
Machine 7, described drying plant is tray dryer machine 8.
During the equipment work that the present embodiment provides, put in advance in 1, two grades of agitator tanks 3 of one-level agitator tank and three-level agitator tank 5
Put the methanol-water mixture that concentration is 75%, being equal in weight of the methanol-water mixture in three agitator tanks, and need detoxification
Corn germ cake weight and each agitator tank in methanol-water mixture weight ratio for 1:4, by ready Fructus Maydiss
From the uniform feeding of feeding mouth of one-level agitator tank 1, corn germ cake enters in one-level agitator tank 1 dregs of rice, due to corn germ cake and
The weight of methanol-water mixture is than for 1:4, therefore, corn germ cake is immersed in methanol-water mixture, and meanwhile, one-level stirs
Agitating device in tank 1 is opened, and corn germ cake and methanol-water mixture are stirred, and by the temperature in one-level agitator tank 1
Degree is increased to 30 DEG C, with this understanding to corn germ cake detoxification 20 minutes, completes one-level detoxification, the corn germ after one-level detoxification
The bud dregs of rice drain machine 2 by transmitting device entrance one-level and drain, and carry out two grades of detoxifications, two grades of detoxifications subsequently into two grades of agitator tanks 3
Process is identical with one-level During Detoxification, so, after carrying out three detoxifications, after three-level detoxification and the corn germ cake that drains passes through to pass
Defeated device enters in extruder 7, and extruder 7 extrudes to the corn germ cake after three-level detoxification, wet to corn germ cake
Spend for 40%, the liquid of extrusion takes a part of toxin out of, further enhances detoxification efficiency；Corn germ cake after extruding passes through to pass
Defeated device enters tray dryer machine 8 and dries to 85 DEG C, and water capacity is that discharging is packed after 8%, completes During Detoxification.This enforcement
The complete equipment that example provides continuously works, and corn germ cake continuous uniform feeds, the material continuous uniform discharging after drying, first
Alcohol-water mixtures recycle, and supplement fresh methanol-water mixed liquid as needed, adjust stirring intensity according to detoxification efficiency, take off
The technological parameters such as malicious time, thus realize seriality, industrialized production.
In the present embodiment, corn germ cake and methanol-water mixture mix in agitator tank, employ stirring mixing and
The combined mode of complete immersion, and corn germ cake runs to three-level detoxification device from one-level detoxification device, and methanol-water mixing
Liquid runs to one-level detoxification device from three-level detoxification device, employs the mode of reverse step mixing, specifically, described methanol-
Water mixed liquid adds from three-level agitator tank 5, and runs with corn germ cake and drain in machine 6 to three-level, drains machine 6 from three-level
Reach two grades of agitator tanks 3, then run with corn germ cake and drain in machine 4 to two grades, then drain machine 4 from two grades and stir to one-level
Mix tank 1, then run with corn germ cake and drain in machine 2 to one-level, the present embodiment drains machine 2 and three-level agitator tank 5 in one-level
Between rectification reclaimer 9 is set, drain methanol-water mixture in machine 2 for reclaiming one-level, after recovery, send into three-level stirring
Tank 5 proceeds to circulate, and supplements the qualified fresh methanol of a certain amount of concentration in three-level agitator tank 5, is adjusted into three-level
The flow of the methanol-water mixture in agitator tank 5, the flow making the methanol-water mixture of arrival rectification recovery is 0.5m3/h.
Described rectification reclaimer 9 is as shown in figure 4, include rectifying column 92, scraper evaporator 91 and condenser 93, the first after detoxification
Alcohol-water mixtures enter scraper evaporator 91, enter rectifying column 92 through scraper evaporator 91 heating evaporation, and waste residue and waste liquid are from scraping
The bottom of plate vaporizer 91 is discharged, and the mixed vapour of first alcohol and water completes to purify in rectifying column 92, and methanol steam is from rectifying column
92 tower top effusion, condensed device 93 condenses, and partial condensation liquid returns the tower top of rectifying column 92, remaining condensed fluid as backflow
Mix with the fresh methanol-water mixed liquid supplementing, adjusting to methanol concentration is 75%, enters three-level stirring according to suitable flow
It is continuing with tank 5.
In the other embodiment of invention, described scraper evaporator may be arranged as concentration evaporator.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of method that alcohol method removes corn germ cake toxin, as shown in figure 1, methods described includes walking as follows
Suddenly：
S101：Multistage-combination detoxification：Ready corn germ cake is fed sequentially in multiple alcohol-water mixtures and carries out continuously
Classification detoxification；
S102：De- liquid：Liquid abjection in the corn germ cake that described step S101 is obtained；Corn germ cake after de- liquid contains
Moisture is 35%.
S103：Dry：The corn germ cake that described step S102 is obtained is dried；Corn germ cake after drying containing wet
Measure as 6%, the temperature after drying is 105 DEG C.
Wherein, the series in described multistage-combination detoxification is Pyatyi, and described detoxification mode is complete immersion, stirring mixes and inverse
Combination in step mixing, described reverse step is corn germ cake traffic direction and alcohol-water mixtures flow direction is contrary,
There is Concentraton gradient between not at the same level taking second place in the toxin concentration in mixed liquor.Described stirring mixing makes jade by the way of stirring
The Rice plumule dregs of rice and alcohol-water mixtures are sufficiently mixed.Described complete immersion is alcohol-water that corn germ cake is all immersed in detoxification
In mixed liquor.Corn germ cake after every one-level detoxification enters next stage detoxification after draining；Solid and liquid are separated with draining,
The co-flow of methanol solution and material so can be reduced between detoxification series, thus forming toxin in methanol-water mixture
In clearly Concentraton gradient, be conducive to toxin remove.
In the present embodiment, described alcohol-water mixtures are the mixed liquor of methanol-water, and the methanol-water in Pyatyi During Detoxification mixes
The concentration closing liquid is 85%, and the weight ratio of the corn germ cake in every one-level detoxification and methanol-water mixture is 1:10, five
The temperature of level detoxification mixed liquor is respectively set to 10 DEG C, 20 DEG C, 30 DEG C, 40 DEG C and 55 DEG C, and every grade of detoxification time is 10 minutes.This
By selecting the series of detoxification, the concentration of adjustment methanol, adjustment detoxification time and mixing intensity are capable of to Bu Tong dirty for invention
The detoxification of the corn germ cake of dye degree.
The multistage-combination During Detoxification of the present embodiment also includes rectification and reclaims, due to adopting reverse step to mix in the present embodiment
Close, therefore, the direction of advance of corn germ cake is contrary with the direction of advance of described methanol-water mixture, before corn germ cake
Entering direction is that the direction of advance of methanol-water mixture is from level V detoxification to first from first order detoxification to level V detoxification
Level detoxification, therefore, methanol-water mixture finally reaches first order detoxification, so what rectification reclaimed is first in first order detoxification
Alcohol-water mixtures, are then return in fifth level detoxification, and supplement qualified new of a certain amount of concentration in level V detoxification
Fresh methanol, to be adjusted into the flow of the methanol-water mixture in Pyatyi detoxification, makes the methanol-water mixing that arrival rectification is reclaimed
The flow of liquid is 0.2m3/h.
Toxin in corn germ cake includes aflatoxin, zearalenone toxin and vomitoxin.Aspergillus flavus poison
Element, the zearalenone toxin and vomitoxin dissolubility in different solvents are variant, aflatoxin, Gibberella zeae alkene
Ketone toxin is soluble in the organic polar solvents such as methanol, ethanol, acetone, chloroform, and vomitoxin is dissolved in water, and the present invention is according to this
Characteristic finds out a kind of solvent of general character, that is, adopt the detoxification solvent as corn germ cake for the mixed liquor of alcohol and water, and adopt five
Level detoxification, the continuous corn germ cake running all is completed to soak in certain density alcohol-water mixtures by every one-level detoxification；And
And de- liquid step and baking step are set after detoxification, form industrialized production；To go out in corn germ cake in de- liquid step
Liquid removal, the liquid of removing takes a part of toxin out of, further enhances detoxification efficiency；By in corn germ cake in baking step
Alcohol bake out, to recycle, make in the corn germ cake after drying not containing alcohol, there is not secondary pollution, corn germ cake
Nutritive value is not damaged.
The present embodiment also provides a kind of alcohol method to remove the equipment of corn germ cake toxin, is used for realizing said method, this reality
The equipment applying example is essentially identical with the equipment of offer in embodiment 1, and difference is, the present embodiment includes five detoxifications and sets
Standby, that is, include five agitator tanks and five drain machine, described corn germ cake sequentially passes through one-level agitator tank 1, one-level drains
3, two grades of 2, two grades of agitator tanks of machine drain machine 4, three-level agitator tank 5, three-level drain machine 6, level Four agitator tank, level Four drain machine, five
Level agitator tank and Pyatyi drain machine, and the traffic direction of methanol-water mixture be Pyatyi agitator tank, Pyatyi drains machine, level Four is stirred
Mix tank, level Four drains machine, three-level agitator tank 5, three-level drain 3, two grades of 6, two grades of agitator tanks of machine drain machine 4, one-level agitator tank 1,
Finally reach one-level and drain machine 2, described rectification reclaimer 9 be arranged at described one-level drain machine 2 and described Pyatyi agitator tank it
Between.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides a kind of method that alcohol method removes corn germ cake toxin, as shown in figure 1, methods described includes walking as follows
Suddenly：
S101：Multistage-combination detoxification：Ready corn germ cake is fed sequentially in multiple alcohol-water mixtures and carries out continuously
Classification detoxification；
S102：De- liquid：Liquid abjection in the corn germ cake that described step S101 is obtained；Corn germ cake after de- liquid contains
Moisture is 30%.
S103：Dry：The corn germ cake that described step S102 is obtained is dried；Corn germ cake after drying containing wet
Measure as 7%, the temperature after drying is 100 DEG C.
Wherein, the series in described multistage-combination detoxification is one-level, carries out a detoxification altogether, described detoxification mode is complete
Soak, stirring mixes combined form.Described stirring mixing makes corn germ cake and alcohol-water mixing by the way of stirring
Liquid is sufficiently mixed.Described complete immersion is that corn germ cake is all immersed in the alcohol-water mixtures of detoxification.Jade after detoxification
The Rice plumule dregs of rice enter de- liquid process after draining, and separate solid and liquid with draining, so can mitigate de- liquid process after detoxification
Workload, be conducive to toxin remove.
In the present embodiment, described alcohol-water mixtures are the mixed liquor of methanol-water, the methanol-water mixture in During Detoxification
Concentration be 95%, the weight ratio of the corn germ cake in During Detoxification and methanol-water mixture is 1:6, detoxification mixed liquor
Temperature setting is 55 DEG C, and the detoxification time is 15 minutes.The present invention passes through to select the series of detoxification, the concentration of adjustment methanol, adjustment
Detoxification time and mixing intensity are capable of the detoxification of the corn germ cake to different pollution levels.
Toxin in corn germ cake includes aflatoxin, zearalenone toxin and vomitoxin.Aspergillus flavus poison
Element, the zearalenone toxin and vomitoxin dissolubility in different solvents are variant, aflatoxin, Gibberella zeae alkene
Ketone toxin is soluble in the organic polar solvents such as methanol, ethanol, acetone, chloroform, and vomitoxin is dissolved in water, and the present invention is according to this
Characteristic finds out a kind of solvent of general character, that is, adopt the mixed liquor of alcohol and water as the detoxification solvent of corn germ cake, make corn germ
The bud dregs of rice complete soaked for detoxification in certain density alcohol-water mixtures；And de- liquid step and baking step are set after detoxification,
Form industrialized production；The liquid removal in corn germ cake will be gone out, the liquid of removing takes a part of toxin out of in de- liquid step,
Further enhance detoxification efficiency；In baking step, the alcohol in corn germ cake is baked out, to recycle, make the Semen Maydiss after drying
, there is not secondary pollution, the nutritive value of corn germ cake is not damaged in not containing alcohol in the plumule dregs of rice.
The present embodiment also provides a kind of alcohol method to remove the equipment of corn germ cake toxin, is used for realizing said method, this reality
The equipment applying example is essentially identical with the equipment of offer in embodiment 1, and difference is, the present embodiment includes a detoxification and sets
Standby, that is, include an agitator tank and one drain machine.
Certainly, described above is also not limited to the example above, the present invention without description technical characteristic can by or
Realized using prior art, will not be described here；Above example and accompanying drawing are merely to illustrate technical scheme not
It is limitation of the present invention, reference has preferred embodiment been described in detail to the present invention, the ordinary skill people of this area
Member it should be appreciated that those skilled in the art made in the essential scope of the present invention change, remodeling, interpolation
Or replace without departure from spirit of the invention, also should belong to the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of alcohol method removes the method for corn germ cake toxin it is characterised in that methods described comprises the steps：
S101：Multistage-combination detoxification：Ready corn germ cake is fed sequentially in multiple alcohol-water mixtures and carries out continuously
Classification detoxification；
S102：De- liquid：Liquid abjection in the corn germ cake that described step S101 is obtained；
S103：Dry：The corn germ cake that described step S102 is obtained is dried；
Wherein, the series in described multistage-combination detoxification is 1-5 level, described detoxification mode extracts for drag chain type, hoirzontally rotating extracts,
One of complete immersion, stirring mixing, the mixing of reverse step or two or more combinations, described reverse step is mixed into corn germ
Bud dregs of rice traffic direction and alcohol-water mixtures flow direction are contrary, and the toxin concentration in alcohol-water mixtures was deposited between not at the same level taking second place
In Concentraton gradient.
2. alcohol method according to claim 1 removes the method for corn germ cake toxin it is characterised in that described step S101
In, described alcohol-water mixtures are the mixed liquor of methanol-water, and the methanol concentration of described methanol-water mixture is 75-95%, described
The weight of corn germ cake and methanol-water mixture compares 1:4-10, the temperature of detoxification mixed liquor is 10-55 DEG C, during described detoxification
Between be 15-60 minute.
3. alcohol method according to claim 2 removes the method for corn germ cake toxin it is characterised in that described step S101
In multistage-combination detoxification be：Previous stage detoxification completes and enters back into next stage detoxification after draining.
4. alcohol method according to claim 3 removes the method for corn germ cake toxin it is characterised in that described step S101
In also include the rectification recovery process of methanol, described rectification recovery process is between first order detoxification and afterbody detoxification,
And reach the flow >=0.1m of the methanol-water mixture of described rectification recycling step3/h.
5. alcohol method according to any one of claim 1-4 removes the method for corn germ cake toxin it is characterised in that described
Corn germ cake water capacity≤40% in step S102, after de- liquid.
6. alcohol method according to any one of claim 1-4 removes the method for corn germ cake toxin it is characterised in that described
In step S103, water capacity≤8% of the corn germ cake after drying, drying temperature is 85-105 DEG C.
7. a kind of alcohol method removes the equipment of corn germ cake toxin, be applied to method described in claim 1 it is characterised in that
Described equipment includes detoxification device, de- liquid equipment and the drying plant being sequentially connected by transmission equipment, described detoxification device
Quantity is 1-5, and described detoxification device includes agitator tank and drains machine, drains the one of machine described in the bottom connection of described agitator tank
End, the described other end draining machine connects the top of the agitator tank of detoxification device described in next stage, afterbody detoxification device
The machine that drains connects described de- liquid equipment.
8. alcohol method according to claim 7 removes the equipment of corn germ cake toxin it is characterised in that described de- liquid equipment
For extruder.
9. alcohol method according to claim 8 removes the equipment of corn germ cake toxin it is characterised in that described drying plant
For tray dryer machine.
10. alcohol method according to any one of claim 7-9 removes the equipment of corn germ cake toxin it is characterised in that institute
Equipment of stating also includes the rectification reclaimer of alcohol, described rectification reclaimer be respectively communicated with first order detoxification device drain machine and
The agitator tank of afterbody detoxification device.
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Application publication date: 20170308 |