CN106699242A - Method for producing biogas and organic fertilizer by animal excrements - Google Patents
Method for producing biogas and organic fertilizer by animal excrements Download PDFInfo
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- CN106699242A CN106699242A CN201510479894.1A CN201510479894A CN106699242A CN 106699242 A CN106699242 A CN 106699242A CN 201510479894 A CN201510479894 A CN 201510479894A CN 106699242 A CN106699242 A CN 106699242A
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- organic fertilizer
- biogas
- poultry
- fermentation
- livestock
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing biogas and an organic fertilizer by animal excrements. The method comprises the steps of feeding directly solid livestock and poultry excrements having the dry matter concentration of more than 15% into a biogas fermentation device, or mixing the solid livestock and poultry excrements and livestock and poultry excrement fermentation residues and then feeding the mixture into the biogas fermentation device to produce the biogas, wherein the fermentation residues can be used as an organic fertilizer or the fermentation residues are subjected to composting and then are used for organic fertilizer production. Through the method provided by the invention, the livestock and poultry excrements are subjected directly to dry fermentation without dilution and desanding pretreatment; scum cannot be formed in the biogas fermentation device; temperature rising and heat preservation are easy; nutrient loss is less; and the obtained organic fertilizer has high fertilizer efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that animal wastes produce biogas organic fertilizer, belong to solid waste treatment and the biogas engineering field of environmental project, be mainly used in the treatment of scale livestock and poultry farm solid-state excrement.
Background technology
In the prior art, the treatment for feces of livestock and poultry is utilized, and mainly has following several method：
One is burning method, borrows incineration treatment of garbage technology, and it is ashed under the conditions of 800~1000 DEG C, and the heat of generation is used for generating etc., reaches decrement, kills the purpose of deleterious pathogens therein.The investment of this method is big, and processing cost is expensive, and a large amount of pernicious gases are produced in processing procedure, is difficult application.
Two is seasoning, main including natural drying, high temperature and rapid drying, drying explosion puffing drying, mechanical drying etc..Natural drying is radiation of the feces of livestock and poultry using daylight, spreads out and reaches dry purpose on the threshing ground or vacant lot of ventilation.The method low cost, it is simple to operate；But treatment scale is smaller, take up an area greatly, influenceed greatly, stink to be produced when drying by weather, ammonia volatilization is serious, and pathogen killing effect is undesirable.High temperature and rapid drying is to produce high temperature to be dried using the burning such as electricity, oil or coal, need to use drying machinery.Its processing method is protected from weather influences, and can produce in enormous quantities, and rate of drying is fast, can reach deodorize, sterilizing pesticide ovum, removal of impurities grass seed and other effects；But it is larger to there is one-time investment, energy consumption is big, and product fertilizer efficiency is poor, easy burn seedlings, and the shortcomings of product cost is high, therefore the technology application is restricted.Drying explosion puffing drying is, using fuel factor and mechanism, feces of livestock and poultry is reached deodorant, thorough sterilized purpose.There is also one-time investment big, energy consumption is more, and foul smell and product cost shortcoming high can be produced during treatment.Mechanical drying uses press machines or centrifugal machine and carries out feces of livestock and poultry dehydration, equally exists high cost, be only capable of dehydration and can not be deodorant, the low shortcoming of benefit.
Three is to make animal feed, and containing a large amount of indigested crude protein in feces of livestock and poultry particularly chicken manure, B family vitamin, mineral matter element, crude fat and a number of carbohydrate can turn into preferable feed resource by working process.Pig, ox and sheep etc. presently mainly are fed after chicken manure finishing, processing method is mainly using high temperature drying techniques, method of chemical treatment, ensiling, fermentation method, ammoniation process and partition method etc..Because feces of livestock and poultry exists as feed, energy is low, and content of mineral substances is higher, nutritional imbalance.Additionally, a large amount of various additives for using during Production of Livestock and Poultry, major part is remained in excrement, and when excrement is re-used as feed and uses, it is possible that exceeded or even poisoning, developed country has not advocated to make feed using feces of livestock and poultry.
Four is compost production organic fertilizer, the appropriate carbon-nitrogen ratio of regulation feces of livestock and poultry, control appropriate moisture, temperature, oxygen, acid-base value, by the organic matter in microbial degradation feces of livestock and poultry, so as to produce high temperature, kill pathogen therein, make organic humus, meanwhile, microorganism decomposes the energy that organic matter is produced during Composting treatment, moisture is distributed in increasing excrement, plays a part of to reduce fecal water.Chicken manure has obtained sufficient compost utilization, and cow dung and pig manure because water content is higher, transport inconvenient because the nutritional ingredient for containing is higher, water content is relatively low, and compost utilization ratio is than relatively low.Nitrogen loss is larger in the processing procedure that composting process is primarily present, and pig manure trough type fermentation nitrogen loss may be up to 35%-51%, and the observable index divulged information is larger.
Five is production biogas, is that in the presence of anaerobe, organic matter is converted into value biogas and carbon dioxide very high, is the technology of a kind of more satisfactory treatment excrement and resource recycling.It is main at present to use wet fermentation technology, it is exactly to mix excrement with sewage is rinsed, it is deployed into total solid concentration（TS）Less than 10% feed liquid, enters back into biogas fermentation device, fast with starting, and input and output material is convenient, and the advantages of management is ripe, but the subject matter of the technology is：Biogas slurry and biogas residue quantity are big, and nutrient content is low, completely using difficulty, in addition, for containing the excrement more than sand, such as chicken manure, cow dung, pretreatment desanding is difficult, and biogas fermentation device easily accumulates sand, and discharge is difficult, so as to reduce device dischargeable capacity, the system of ultimately resulting in is scrapped.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome existing poultry excrement and urine disposal using the above mentioned problem for existing, a kind of method that animal wastes produce biogas organic fertilizer is provided, the present invention is by the direct dry fermentation of feces of livestock and poultry, feces of livestock and poultry need not dilute, also without pretreatment desanding, biogas fermentation device will not form scum silica frost, and heating and heat preservation is easy, nutrient loss is few, and the organic fertilizer fertilizer efficiency of acquisition is high.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of method that animal wastes produce biogas organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that：Solid-state feces of livestock and poultry of the dry substance concentration more than 15% is directly entered biogas fermentation device, or enters biogas fermentation device after mix with livestock manure fermented residue and produce biogas, and fermentation residues after organic fertilizer or compost as producing organic fertilizer.
Solid-state feces of livestock and poultry or solid-state feces of livestock and poultry are pumped into by biogas fermentation device with the mixed material of fermentation residues using the screw pump or impeller pump that can convey solid material.
The biogas fermentation device uses ground type fermentation tank, and tank body is cylinder, the ratio between diameter and height 1:1—1:3, tank deck is Conical Shells With, and cone angle 20o -30o, bottom is rounding conical shell, cone angle 55o -60o, the charging of ground type fermentation tank middle and upper part, bottom discharge.
When the livestock manure fermented raw material ferments in biogas fermentation device, with circulating hot water to biogas fermentation device temperature raising and maintaining to 25-35 degree.
, it is necessary to add stalk or the low raw material regulation carbon-nitrogen ratio of cow dung class nitrogen content when the poultry dung nitrogen content is high.
The poultry dung nitrogen content content for referring to air dried basis in poultry dung high is more than 2%.
The addition stalk or the low raw material of cow dung class nitrogen content adjust carbon-nitrogen ratio to 20-30：1.
The fermentation residues of the discharge directly make organic fertilizer, or after adjusting Anaerobic Fermentation Residues moisture with dry compost, stalk, compost maturity is made organic fertilizer in 15-20 days.
Dry compost, the stalk adjust Anaerobic Fermentation Residues moisture to 50-60%.
Using the advantage of the invention is that：
First, in the present invention, solid-state feces of livestock and poultry of the dry substance concentration more than 15% is directly entered biogas fermentation device, or enter biogas fermentation device production biogas after mixing with livestock manure fermented residue, fermentation residues produce organic fertilizer after being used as organic fertilizer or compost, realize the direct dry fermentation of feces of livestock and poultry, feces of livestock and poultry need not dilute, it is not required that pretreatment desanding.
2nd, compared with existing livestock excrement composting production organic fertilizer, the present invention can process various feces of livestock and poultry, and nitrogen loss is small in processing procedure, and nutrient content is high, and handling process is simpler, substantially increase treatment effeciency.
3rd, compared with existing feces of livestock and poultry production biogas, the present invention is high due to fermentation raw material concentration, and the ground type fermentation tank that biogas fermentation device will not be formed in scum silica frost, and the present invention uses bottom discharge, and the deposition of sand, slag is not had.
4th, compared with existing feces of livestock and poultry production biogas, the present invention is directly fed using solid-state excrement, and water is, it is necessary to the material quantity of heating is few without dilution, and heating and heat preservation is easy.
5th, compared with existing livestock excrement composting production organic fertilizer, using anaerobic fermentation, nutrient loss is few, and the organic fertilizer fertilizer efficiency of acquisition is higher than aerobic compost.
6th, enter biogas fermentation device in the present invention, after mixing with livestock manure fermented residue and produce biogas, can adjust water flow, be conducive to the fermentation of feces of livestock and poultry.
7th, in the present invention, biogas fermentation device uses ground type fermentation tank, and tank body is cylinder, the ratio between diameter and height 1:1—1:3, tank deck is Conical Shells With, and cone angle 20o -30o, bottom is rounding conical shell, and cone angle 55o -60o, the charging of ground type fermentation tank middle and upper part, bottom discharge accumulate the problem of sand when not only solving fermentation, and can be processed with Effec-tive Function, improve the efficiency of fermentation.
8th, in the present invention, when poultry dung nitrogen content is high, need to add stalk or the low raw material regulation carbon-nitrogen ratio of cow dung class nitrogen content, the wherein poultry dung nitrogen content content for referring to air dried basis in poultry dung high adds stalk or the low raw material regulation carbon-nitrogen ratio of cow dung class nitrogen content to 20-30 more than 2%：1, it is particularly suitable for the growth of microorganism, fermentation efficiency is improved, and transformation efficiency is high.
9th, in the present invention, solid-state feces of livestock and poultry or solid-state feces of livestock and poultry are pumped into by biogas fermentation device with the mixed material of fermentation residues using the screw pump or impeller pump that can convey solid material, there is the function of mixed material while conveying, fermented quality is improved.
Tenth, in the present invention, Anaerobic Fermentation Residues moisture to 50-60% is adjusted with dry compost, stalk, if moisture content can there is a problem of supporting not enough too much, moisture content can influence growth of microorganism very little.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of method that animal wastes produce biogas organic fertilizer, solid-state feces of livestock and poultry by dry substance concentration more than 15% is directly entered biogas fermentation device, or entering biogas fermentation device production biogas after mixing with livestock manure fermented residue, fermentation residues produce organic fertilizer after being used as organic fertilizer or compost.
In the present invention, solid-state feces of livestock and poultry or solid-state feces of livestock and poultry are pumped into biogas fermentation device by the screw pump or impeller pump that use can convey solid material with the mixed material of fermentation residues, and this is preferred embodiment, but is not limited thereto mode.
In the present invention, the biogas fermentation device uses ground type fermentation tank, and tank body is cylinder, the ratio between diameter and height 1:1, tank deck is Conical Shells With, cone angle 20o, and bottom is rounding conical shell, cone angle 55o, the charging of ground type fermentation tank middle and upper part, bottom discharge, and this is preferred embodiment, also can select the ground type fermentation tank of other structures of the prior art.
In the present invention, when the livestock manure fermented raw material ferments in biogas fermentation device, with circulating hot water to biogas fermentation device temperature raising and maintaining to 25 degree.
In the present invention, when the poultry dung nitrogen content is high, need to add stalk or the low raw material regulation carbon-nitrogen ratio of cow dung class nitrogen content, and the poultry dung nitrogen content content for referring to air dried basis in poultry dung high, more than 2%, addition stalk or the low raw material of cow dung class nitrogen content adjust carbon-nitrogen ratio to 20：1.
In the present invention, the fermentation residues of the discharge directly make organic fertilizer, or after adjusting Anaerobic Fermentation Residues moisture with dry compost, stalk, compost maturity is made organic fertilizer in 15 days.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method that animal wastes produce biogas organic fertilizer, solid-state feces of livestock and poultry by dry substance concentration more than 15% is directly entered biogas fermentation device, or entering biogas fermentation device production biogas after mixing with livestock manure fermented residue, fermentation residues produce organic fertilizer after being used as organic fertilizer or compost.
In the present invention, solid-state feces of livestock and poultry or solid-state feces of livestock and poultry are pumped into biogas fermentation device by the screw pump or impeller pump that use can convey solid material with the mixed material of fermentation residues, and this is preferred embodiment, but is not limited thereto mode.
In the present invention, the biogas fermentation device uses ground type fermentation tank, and tank body is cylinder, the ratio between diameter and height 1:2, tank deck is Conical Shells With, cone angle 25o, and bottom is rounding conical shell, cone angle 58o, the charging of ground type fermentation tank middle and upper part, bottom discharge, and this is preferred embodiment, also can select the ground type fermentation tank of other structures of the prior art.
In the present invention, when the livestock manure fermented raw material ferments in biogas fermentation device, with circulating hot water to biogas fermentation device temperature raising and maintaining to 30 degree.
In the present invention, when the poultry dung nitrogen content is high, need to add stalk or the low raw material regulation carbon-nitrogen ratio of cow dung class nitrogen content, the poultry dung nitrogen content content for referring to air dried basis in poultry dung high adds stalk or the low raw material regulation carbon-nitrogen ratio of cow dung class nitrogen content to 25 more than 2%：1.
In the present invention, the fermentation residues of the discharge directly make organic fertilizer, or adjust Anaerobic Fermentation Residues moisture to after 55% with dry compost, stalk, and compost maturity is made organic fertilizer in 17 days.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method that animal wastes produce biogas organic fertilizer, solid-state feces of livestock and poultry by dry substance concentration more than 15% is directly entered biogas fermentation device, or entering biogas fermentation device production biogas after mixing with livestock manure fermented residue, fermentation residues produce organic fertilizer after being used as organic fertilizer or compost.
In the present invention, solid-state feces of livestock and poultry or solid-state feces of livestock and poultry are pumped into biogas fermentation device by the screw pump or impeller pump that use can convey solid material with the mixed material of fermentation residues, and this is preferred embodiment, but is not limited thereto mode.
In the present invention, the biogas fermentation device uses ground type fermentation tank, and tank body is cylinder, the ratio between diameter and height 1:3, tank deck is Conical Shells With, cone angle 30o, and bottom is rounding conical shell, cone angle 60o, the charging of ground type fermentation tank middle and upper part, bottom discharge, and this is preferred embodiment, also can select the ground type fermentation tank of other structures of the prior art.
In the present invention, when the livestock manure fermented raw material ferments in biogas fermentation device, with circulating hot water to biogas fermentation device temperature raising and maintaining to 35 degree.
In the present invention, when the poultry dung nitrogen content is high, need to add stalk or the low raw material regulation carbon-nitrogen ratio of cow dung class nitrogen content, the poultry dung nitrogen content content for referring to air dried basis in poultry dung high adds stalk or the low raw material regulation carbon-nitrogen ratio of cow dung class nitrogen content to 30 more than 2%：1.
In the present invention, the fermentation residues of the discharge directly make organic fertilizer, or adjust Anaerobic Fermentation Residues moisture to after 60% with dry compost, stalk, and compost maturity is made organic fertilizer in 20 days.
Embodiment 4
The present invention is to set up a kind of new method of poultry excrement and urine disposal.Solid-state feces of livestock and poultry of the dry substance concentration more than 15%, or solid-state feces of livestock and poultry and biogas fermentation device residue mixing preparation into fermentation raw material, the poultry dung class fermentation raw material high for nitrogen content, should add stalk or the low raw material regulation carbon-nitrogen ratio of cow dung class nitrogen content.Fermentation raw material is pumped into by biogas fermentation device from biogas fermentation device middle and upper part using the screw pump or impeller pump of energy conveying solid material.Biogas fermentation device is ground type fermentation tank, and tank body is cylinder, and tank deck, tank bottom are Conical Shells With, with circulating hot water to biogas fermentation device temperature raising and maintaining.Fermentation residues are discharged from biogas fermentation device bottom cone bucket, and the fermentation residues of discharge directly make organic fertilizer, or with dry compost, stalk regulation fermentation residues moisture to 50% after, compost maturity is made organic fertilizer in 15-20 days.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method that animal wastes produce biogas organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that：Solid-state feces of livestock and poultry of the dry substance concentration more than 15% is directly entered biogas fermentation device, or enters biogas fermentation device after mix with livestock manure fermented residue and produce biogas, and fermentation residues after organic fertilizer or compost as producing organic fertilizer.
2. the method that animal wastes according to claim 1 produce biogas organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that：Solid-state feces of livestock and poultry or solid-state feces of livestock and poultry are pumped into by biogas fermentation device with the mixed material of fermentation residues using the screw pump or impeller pump that can convey solid material.
3. the method that animal wastes according to claim 1 and 2 produce biogas organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that：The biogas fermentation device uses ground type fermentation tank, and tank body is cylinder, the ratio between diameter and height 1:1—1:3, tank deck is Conical Shells With, and cone angle 20o -30o, bottom is rounding conical shell, cone angle 55o -60o, the charging of ground type fermentation tank middle and upper part, bottom discharge.
4. the method that animal wastes according to claim 3 produce biogas organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that：When the livestock manure fermented raw material ferments in biogas fermentation device, with circulating hot water to biogas fermentation device temperature raising and maintaining to 25-35 degree.
5. the method that the animal wastes according to claim 1,2 or 4 produce biogas organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that：, it is necessary to add stalk or the low raw material regulation carbon-nitrogen ratio of cow dung class nitrogen content when the poultry dung nitrogen content is high.
6. the method that animal wastes according to claim 5 produce biogas organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that：The poultry dung nitrogen content content for referring to air dried basis in poultry dung high is more than 2%.
7. the method that animal wastes according to claim 6 produce biogas organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that：The addition stalk or the low raw material of cow dung class nitrogen content adjust carbon-nitrogen ratio to 20-30：1.
8. the method that the animal wastes according to claim 1,2,4,6 or 7 produce biogas organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that：The fermentation residues of the discharge directly make organic fertilizer, or after adjusting Anaerobic Fermentation Residues moisture with dry compost, stalk, compost maturity is made organic fertilizer in 15-20 days.
9. the method that animal wastes according to claim 8 produce biogas organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that：Dry compost, the stalk adjust Anaerobic Fermentation Residues moisture to 50-60%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510479894.1A CN106699242A (en) | 2015-08-07 | 2015-08-07 | Method for producing biogas and organic fertilizer by animal excrements |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510479894.1A CN106699242A (en) | 2015-08-07 | 2015-08-07 | Method for producing biogas and organic fertilizer by animal excrements |
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| CN106699242A true CN106699242A (en) | 2017-05-24 |
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| CN201510479894.1A Withdrawn CN106699242A (en) | 2015-08-07 | 2015-08-07 | Method for producing biogas and organic fertilizer by animal excrements |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107306563A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-11-03 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of method of antibiotic and resistant gene in utilization charcoal reduction soil and vegetables |
| CN109485464A (en) * | 2017-09-09 | 2019-03-19 | 长沙创远环保科技有限公司 | A kind of method that feces of livestock and poultry produces biogas and fertilizer |
-
2015
- 2015-08-07 CN CN201510479894.1A patent/CN106699242A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107306563A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-11-03 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of method of antibiotic and resistant gene in utilization charcoal reduction soil and vegetables |
| CN109485464A (en) * | 2017-09-09 | 2019-03-19 | 长沙创远环保科技有限公司 | A kind of method that feces of livestock and poultry produces biogas and fertilizer |
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Application publication date: 20170524 |
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| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |