CN106472491A - 一种畜禽用电热散香中药消毒液及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种畜禽用电热散香中药消毒液及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种畜禽用电热散香中药消毒液及制备方法，由以下重量百分比原料制成：山苍子10‑20％、滁菊花10‑30％、白芷10‑30％、栀子花10‑20％、枫香叶10‑25％、香樟叶10‑25％、灵香草5‑20％、柠檬2‑8％、香草醛1‑3％。使用时，将蚊香片空白基质浸于消毒液l min，晾干，利用电蚊香器加热散香，进行空气消毒。本发明的畜禽用电热散香中药消毒液，不仅具有较强的抗菌、抗病毒作用，还具有驱杀蚊虫作用，安全无毒性和刺激性，气味芳香，无烟尘，可以在畜禽存在的情况下对空气进行杀菌消毒，不会造成二次污染。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及动物空气消毒技术领域，尤其涉及一种畜禽用电热散香中药消毒液及其制备方法。
背景技术
空气消毒是控制室内空气的物理、化学和微生物污染，是改善空气质量的有效手段，它是预防控制传染源，防止交叉感染的重要措施，是保障养殖业安全、健康发展的关键。尤其应注意对病原污染的畜禽舍及幼畜雏禽舍的空气进行消毒。特别是每年夏季，气温高，湿度大，蚊、蝇、虻、蜱、蠓等多种吸血昆虫及致病微生物大量孳生繁殖，引起一些传染疾病发生，大批死亡，造成较大的经济损失。
目前畜禽舍空气消毒主要是用福尔马林(40％甲醛溶液)与高锰酸钾熏蒸消毒，其次也有用乳酸、醋酸、食醋、过氧乙酸、环氧乙烷等气体消毒，因毒性和刺激性较强，一般用于空畜禽舍时消毒。消毒时移出畜禽，密闭12-24小时，然后通风至无强烈气味时，再将畜禽移入。此法操作麻烦，消毒时必须离场，具有毒性、刺激性、腐蚀性；消毒后有残留，异味不能很快消除，其本身又构成污染物，有蓄积中毒的隐患等；尤其是甲醛的残留，有致癌性，对养殖者和畜禽都有危害，已引起了养殖企业高度的重视。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的不足，提供一种畜禽用电热散香中药消毒液，不仅具有较强的抗菌、抗病毒作用，还具有驱杀蚊虫作用，且安全无毒性和刺激性，气味芳香，可以在畜禽存在的情况下对空气进行杀菌消毒，而且对畜禽和饲养员无刺激，无药害残留，不会造成二次污染。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种畜禽用电热散香中药消毒液，由以下重量百分比的原料制成：山苍子10-20％、滁菊花10-30％、白芷10-30％、栀子花10-20％、枫香叶10-25％、香樟叶10-25％、灵香草5-20％、柠檬2-8％、香草醛1-3％。
优选地，所述的畜禽用电热散香中药消毒液，由以下重量百分比的原料制成：山苍子15％、滁菊花12％、白芷22％、栀子花12％、枫香叶14％、香樟叶12％、灵香草8％、柠檬4％、香草醛1％。
所述的畜禽用电热散香中药消毒液的制备方法，包括以下步骤：按上述重量百分比将山苍子、滁菊花、白芷、栀子花、枫香叶、香樟叶、灵香草、柠檬干燥后粉碎成40-60目，分次装入滤纸袋中，置索氏提取器，加8-12倍量95％乙醇连续回流提取，至乙醇不再回流；然后取出提取后的醇液，加入香草醛混匀，即得消毒液。
所述的畜禽用电热散香中药消毒液的使用方法：将蚊香片空白基质浸于消毒液lmin，晾干，然后利用电蚊香器加热蚊香片，进行空气消毒。根据畜禽舍的条件，每片适用面积20-30m2,加热2h内有持续消毒效果，以1h时消毒效果最佳，消毒时关闭门窗效果更好。
与已有技术相比，本发明的有益效果如下：
(1)本发明的畜禽用电热散香中药消毒液，选用芳香辟秽、化湿驱虫的中药，所选药物均含有芳香物质和挥发油，有较强的抗菌、抗病毒作用，也有一定的驱杀蚊虫作用，且安全无毒性和刺激性，气味芳香，加入香草醛1-3％，有助于药物挥发；本发明可以在畜禽存在的情况下对空气进行杀菌消毒，而且对畜禽和饲养员无刺激，无药害残留，不会造成二次污染。
(2)本发明的制备方法，利用中药有效成分溶于乙醇中，加热挥散在空气的特点，将中药粉碎后经乙醇提取，加入小量的香草醛以助药物挥发，制备成中药消毒液，使用时，将蚊香片空白基质浸于消毒液lmin，晾干，利用电蚊香器加热散香，进行空气消毒，相比直接燃烧，无烟尘，比较适合条件较好的，要求较高的养殖畜禽舍使用。抑菌试验表明，使用本发明的电热散香中药消毒液后，畜禽舍空气中细菌总数明显减少，养殖户使用后反馈，气味自然清新、芳香怡人，长期使用无毒性和刺激性，畜禽未发现有任何不良反应，使用方便，夏季使用蚊虫显著减少，空气改善，使用舍内的畜禽精神状态良好，发病率显著减少。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明，但本发明不仅限于这些实施例，在未脱离本发明宗旨的前提下，所作的任何改进均落在本发明的保护范围之内。
实施例1：
一种畜禽用电热散香中药消毒液，由以下重量百分比的原料制成：山苍子10％、滁菊花30％、白芷10％、栀子花20％、枫香叶10％、香樟叶10％、灵香草5％、柠檬2％、香草醛3％。
所述的畜禽用电热散香中药消毒液的制备方法，包括以下步骤：按上述重量百分比将山苍子、滁菊花、白芷、栀子花、枫香叶、香樟叶、灵香草、柠檬干燥后粉碎成40目，分次装入滤纸袋中，置索氏提取器，加8倍量95％乙醇连续回流提取，至乙醇不再回流；然后取出提取后的醇液，加入香草醛混匀，即得消毒液。
所述的畜禽用电热散香中药消毒液的使用方法：将蚊香片空白基质浸于消毒液lmin，晾干，然后利用电蚊香器加热蚊香片，进行空气消毒。
实施例2：
一种畜禽用电热散香中药消毒液，由以下重量百分比的原料制成：山苍子15％、滁菊花12％、白芷22％、栀子花12％、枫香叶14％、香樟叶12％、灵香草8％、柠檬4％、香草醛1％。
所述的畜禽用电热散香中药消毒液的制备方法，包括以下步骤：按上述重量百分比将山苍子、滁菊花、白芷、栀子花、枫香叶、香樟叶、灵香草、柠檬干燥后粉碎成50目，分次装入滤纸袋中，置索氏提取器，加10倍量95％乙醇连续回流提取，至乙醇不再回流；然后取出提取后的醇液，加入香草醛混匀，即得消毒液。
所述的畜禽用电热散香中药消毒液的使用方法：将蚊香片空白基质浸于消毒液lmin，晾干，然后利用电蚊香器加热蚊香片，进行空气消毒。
实施例3：
一种畜禽用电热散香中药消毒液，由以下重量百分比的原料制成：山苍子20％、滁菊花10％、白芷30％、栀子花10％、枫香叶10％、香樟叶10％、灵香草6％、柠檬2％、香草醛2％。
所述的畜禽用电热散香中药消毒液的制备方法，包括以下步骤：按上述重量百分比将山苍子、滁菊花、白芷、栀子花、枫香叶、香樟叶、灵香草、柠檬干燥后粉碎成60目，分次装入滤纸袋中，置索氏提取器，加12倍量95％乙醇连续回流提取，至乙醇不再回流；然后取出提取后的醇液，加入香草醛混匀，即得消毒液。
所述的畜禽用电热散香中药消毒液的使用方法：将蚊香片空白基质浸于消毒液lmin，晾干，然后利用电蚊香器加热蚊香片，进行空气消毒。
试验例1：抑菌效果试验
根据高等医学院教材《临床微生物学及检验》(李影林主编，1995年版)，将实施例2的消毒液与融化的培养基在平皿中充分混匀后，冷却；然后定量接种金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌和大肠杆菌三种菌液，孵育18、36小时，观察细菌生长情况。
结果表明，实施例2消毒液对白色念珠菌、白色念珠菌和大肠杆菌都有不同程度的抑制作用。
试验例2：空气消毒试验
(1)选择4间禽舍，面积一样，都为面积为25m2，房高3m。设置1个对照组和3个实验组，对照组1为空白对照，实验组1-3的实验样品分别为实施例1-3制得的中药消毒液。
(2)试验方法：实验组1-3组，利用电蚊香器加热浸润消毒液的蚊香片，进行空气消毒；在消毒前30分钟和消毒后30分钟、1小时和2小时测定空气中金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌总数。结果如下表1和表2：
表1对空气中金黄色葡萄球菌的杀灭效果
表2对空气中白色念珠菌的杀灭效果
空气消毒试验表明，使用本发明的消毒液后，畜禽舍空气中细菌总数明显减少，加热2h内有持续消毒效果，以1h时消毒效果最佳。养殖户使用后反馈，气味自然清新、芳香怡人，长期使用无毒性和刺激性，畜禽未发现有任何不良反应，使用方便，夏季使用蚊虫显著减少，空气改善，使用舍内的畜禽精神状态良好，发病率显著减少。
Claims (4)
1.一种畜禽用电热散香中药消毒液，其特征在于：由以下重量百分比的原料制成：山苍子10-20％、滁菊花10-30％、白芷10-30％、栀子花10-20％、枫香叶10-25％、香樟叶10-25％、灵香草5-20％、柠檬2-8％、香草醛1-3％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的畜禽用电热散香中药消毒液，其特征在于：由以下重量百分比的原料制成：山苍子15％、滁菊花12％、白芷22％、栀子花12％、枫香叶14％、香樟叶12％、灵香草8％、柠檬4％、香草醛1％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的畜禽用电热散香中药消毒液的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：按上述重量百分比将山苍子、滁菊花、白芷、栀子花、枫香叶、香樟叶、灵香草、柠檬干燥后粉碎成40-60目，分次装入滤纸袋中，置索氏提取器，加8-12倍量95％乙醇连续回流提取，至乙醇不再回流；然后取出提取后的醇液，加入香草醛混匀，即得消毒液。
4.一种如权利要求1所述的畜禽用电热散香中药消毒液的使用方法，其特征在于：将蚊香片空白基质浸于消毒液lmin，晾干，利用电蚊香器加热散香，进行空气消毒。
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