CN106471676A - 两个导体之间的连接点的密封件 - Google Patents
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Abstract
用于以防潮密封的方式遮盖两个长形的导电元件(11,12)间的连接点(10)的装置(1),其具有围绕连接点(10)的管状套筒(2)。在安装位置上在套筒(2)的两个轴向末端上各设置密封件(3,4),密封件封闭套筒(2)并密封地紧靠在套筒的壁上并具有分别用于导电元件(11,12)中的一个的穿孔(13,14),该穿孔与各个导电元件(11,12)的形状配合,从而将导电元件密封地包围。在套筒(2)的末端上在装配位置分别设置包围套筒及其中的密封件(3,4)的盖部(5,6),盖部具有分别用于导电元件(11,12)中的一个的穿孔(15,16)。盖部(5,6)这样在套筒(2)上设置,即,每个密封件在装配位置(3,4)分别在盖部(5,6)和套筒(2)间夹紧。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于以防潮密封的方式遮盖两个长形的导电元件之间的连接点的装置,该装置具有围绕连接点的管状套筒,并且本发明涉及一种用于以防潮密封的方式遮盖连接点的方法。
背景技术
在下文中应用“导电元件”表示单个的电导体,例如单个的束状导体,以及实心导体,例如电缆套筒或其它接触元件。
在电子技术中并且特别是在汽车电子技术中使用多个单个的电导体和与之连接的由导电材料制成的接触元件,以便于制造与致动器、传感器、控制元件、电池等的电连接。同样地,单个的导体,例如铝导体和铜导体,可以通过连接件互相连接。在大多数情况下,这些是柔性绝缘的束状导体。单个导体和接触元件根据各种连接类型力配合地和/或材料接合地连接。
例如在大多数情况下,接触元件和导体或两个互相连接的导体由不同的金属(例如铝和铜)构成,这样在导体剥皮并且两个金属都暴露的连接点处,在湿气作用的情况下由于金属的不同电化学标准电势导致了接触腐蚀。腐蚀导致导体之间的接触电阻增加并且还会损害金属连接的强度。
为了防止这种类型的功能故障,两个导电元件之间的连接点必须以介质密封的方式密封。用于密封两个电气元件之间的接触点的装置和方法是已知的。
例如,可以在连接点周围设置收缩套筒,该收缩套筒在其内侧上设有热粘合剂并且在加热过程中围绕连接点收缩。然而,收缩套筒和粘合剂的材料连接例如不能最佳地抵抗例如会在汽车中发生的并且导体处于当中的强的温度波动。
连接点也可以在特殊的注塑方法中直接用塑料喷涂,以便于在连接点周围形成绝缘体。这种类型的密封在大的温度波动下也并不好保持。
提到的方法的共同点在于,在每种情况下,针对水分和其它环境影响而对连接点的密封都并不充分和令人满意。收缩套筒和喷涂方法还具有缺点,即,它们相对耗时、昂贵并且不能最佳地适用于单个导体。
US 6 069 320 A公开了一种拼接遮盖管,其通过橡胶密封件以及两个螺栓盖封闭。套筒的末端是可以分别压缩的,从而橡胶密封件在拧上盖部时径向地压在一起。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种改进的用于密封的装置和方法,其能够在生产中简单的装配和加工并且确保两个导电元件之间的连接点的完美的以及耐热的密封。
根据本发明这样实现该目的,即,在安装位置
-在套筒的两个轴向末端上各设置一个密封件,该密封件封闭套筒并密封地紧靠在套筒的壁上并且具有分别用于导电元件中的一个的穿孔,该穿孔与各个导电元件的形状匹配,从而将导电元件密封地包围,
-在套筒的末端上分别设置各一个将套筒以及其中的密封件包围的盖部,该盖部具有用于其中各个导电元件的穿孔,并且
-该盖部以这样的方式在套筒上设置,即,每个密封件分别夹紧在盖部和套筒之间。
根据本发明的装置以及方法允许两个导电元件的连接点的可靠的防水密封。在安装位置,该装置围绕连接点产生介质密封的区域。密封装置特别牢固。密封件密封地包围电气元件并且同时与套筒的直径相匹配,从而围绕连接点的密封区域由套筒、密封件和电气元件之间的力配合的连接形成。利用根据本发明的装置,主要轴向地挤压密封件。这分别通过将密封件夹紧在套筒的边缘和盖部之间来实现。这种装置的优点在于,密封的质量与套筒的几何形状和内容物无关。因此,根据本发明的装置可有利地用于高温或温度波动或高压装置的领域中。该装置例如特别适用于机动车辆。此外,根据本发明的装置是能够安装的并且也能够拆卸的。因此有利的在于,在已经使用中的连接件上能特别简单地实施例如修理和检修。
附图说明
在附图中示出了根据本发明的实施例。附图中示出了:
图1示出了根据优选实施例的本发明的装置的部分的单个部分的视图,
图2示出了在安装位置的根据优选实施例的装置,
图3示出了根据本发明的装置的密封件,
图4示出了在安装步骤的过程中的根据优选实施例的装置。
图5示出了在另一安装步骤的过程中的根据优选实施例的装置。
在附图中,相同的附图标记表示相同的技术特征。
具体实施方式
为了更好一目了然,图1以单个部件的视图的方式示出了根据优选实施例的本发明的装置的部件。在图2中示出了在安装位置上的根据实施例的装置。图3以放大图示出了根据图1和2的本发明的装置的密封件。图4和图5示出了在其安装过程中的根据本发明的装置。
待密封的连接点10由单个导体11和接触元件12形成。单个导体11由绝缘体11a包围,在导体11的末端去掉该绝缘体。两个电气元件可以例如以互相压制、焊接的方式或用另一种方法互相连接。例如,接触元件12由铜构成并且单个导体由铝构成。该连接也可以在两个单导体或导线之间产生,例如在导体铝和铜导体之间。
装置1具有管状套筒2。套筒2在安装位置包围连接点10。套筒2例如由耐热塑料制成。此外,装置1包括两个密封件3,4。在安装位置,密封件3,4密封地紧贴套筒2的壁并延伸到套筒中。每个密封件3,4具有用于两个电气元件11,12中的其中一个的穿孔13,14。在所示的实施例中,第一密封件3的穿孔13的形状与单个导线11的横截面匹配,并且第二密封件4的穿孔14的形状与接触元件12的横截面匹配。由此确保了,各个通过穿孔13,14穿入的元件11,12由相应的密封件13,14密封地包围。在单个导线11的情况下,密封件3密封地紧贴在单个电线的绝缘体11a上。由于密封件与套筒2和导电元件11,12的匹配的形状,密封件3,4固定地位于装置1内并且在各个电气元件11,12上牢固地保持其位置。
密封件3,4有利地由弹性固体材料构成。例如,这种材料是橡胶和硅酮。这些材料特别耐热。密封件3,4因此允许在宽的温度范围内的有效密封。
在所示的实施例中,密封件3,4具有环的形状。这些环例如可以在它们的内径和外径上具有薄片状突起33a,33b。薄片状突起33a,33b特别适合于补偿电气元件的横截面与相应的穿孔13,14的横截面的尺寸之间的可能的偏差,而不损害密封的质量。此外,这确保了密封件3,4的完美的、防滑地设置在套筒2中。密封件3,4此外还分别具有隆起23,24,该隆起具有比环的其余部分更大的外径。隆起23,24分别贴靠在套筒2的末端处的边缘20上。在隆起23,24的区域中轴向挤压密封件3,4。通过轴向和径向挤压的共同作用,密封件3,4的密封效果特别高。
根据优选实施例,装置1还包括两个盖部5,6。盖部5,6用作装置1的封闭装置。设有密封件3,4的套筒2的分别在其末端上用盖部封闭5,6。与密封件3,4一样,盖部5,6为此分别具有用于电气元件11,12中的其中一个的穿孔15,16。在所示的实施例中,第一盖部5的穿孔15的形状与具有绝缘体11a的单个导线11的横截面匹配,并且第二盖部6的穿孔16的形状与接触元件12的横截面匹配。第二盖部6具有狭缝16a,该狭缝从盖部6的边缘延伸到穿孔16。狭缝16a允许将盖6侧向地安装到接触元件12上,从而如果接触元件12具有变化的直径,则其不必沿轴向方向通过穿孔16推到接触元件12上。与密封件3,4相反,穿孔15,16的匹配不需要引起介质的密封性。盖部5,6额外地将密封件3,4保持在安装位置并且确保装置1在拉伸应力下也保持功能完好。
在所示的实施例中,通过卡口连接将盖部5,6固定在套筒上。为此,套筒2具有突出部22,可以将突出部引导到盖部5,6的相应的狭槽或沟槽中(在图中用附图标记25,26表示)。盖部5,6特别适于将密封件3,4的隆起23,24夹紧在套筒2的边缘20和盖5,6之间并且使其稍微变形。以这种方式,密封件3,4在装置1内的所在处是特别固定和牢固的。
盖部5,6也可以借助其它密封方式在套筒2上固定,例如通过螺纹密封件或夹子密封件。
根据另一实施例,套筒可以由将套筒沿长度分开的两个半部组成。这些半部可以例如沿着连接点10的纵向方向通过薄膜铰链互相连接,从而能够翻开和合上套筒。于是,这些套筒半部可以例如通过环绕密封件互相密封,从而套管在安装位置形成封闭的管状单元。
下面借助装置1的在图1到图5中所示的实施例阐述根据本发明的方法。首先,将第一盖部5和第一密封件3套到第一电导体11的绝缘体11a上。之后,将单个导线11与接触元件12连接,并且将套筒2推到连接点10上。接下来,将第二密封件4放到与单根导线11连接的接触部分12上(图4)。将密封件3,4插入套筒2中,从而在连接点10周围形成密封区域。第一盖部3在套筒上固定(图5)。最后,将第二盖部6安装到接触元件12上并且以防止推动的方式在接触元件12和套筒2上固定(图2)。在所示实施例中,套筒2与固定在其上的第一盖部5和第一密封件3一起旋入到第二盖部6中,直到卡口接头啮合。
如果两个导电元件11,12是单个导线,则在元件互相连接之前,将密封件3,4和必要时将盖部5,6分别推到电气元件上并且将套管2推到电气元件的其中一个上。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于以防潮密封的方式遮盖两个长形的导电元件(11,12)之间的连接点(10)的装置(1),所述装置具有围绕连接点(10)的管状的套筒(2),其特征在于,在安装位置
-在所述套筒(2)的两个轴向末端上分别设置一个密封件(3,4),所述密封件封闭所述套筒(2)并密封地紧靠在套筒的壁上并且具有分别用于其中一个导电元件(11,12)的穿孔(13,14),所述穿孔与各个导电元件(11,12)的形状匹配,从而将导电元件密封地包围,
-在所述套筒(2)的末端上分别设置一个将套筒以及位于套筒中的密封件(3,4)包围的盖部(5,6),所述盖部具有分别用于其中一个导电元件(11,12)的穿孔(15,16),并且
-所述盖部(5,6)以这样的方式安装在套筒(2)上,即,每个密封件(3,4)分别夹紧在盖部(5,6)和套筒(2)之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置(1),其特征在于,所述导电元件(11,12)是接触元件和电导体。
3.根据权利要求1所述的装置(1),其特征在于,所述导电元件(11,12)是两个电导体。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的装置(1),其特征在于,每个所述密封件(3,4)在安装位置上延伸到所述套筒(2)中并且具有隆起(23,24),所述隆起密封地紧贴在套筒(2)的壁上。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置(1),其特征在于,所述盖部(5,6)通过螺纹封闭件或通过卡口密封部安装在所述套筒(2)上。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置(1),其特征在于,所述密封件(3,4)由硅酮或橡胶组成。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置(1),其特征在于,所述套筒(2)由两个半部组成,所述半部在纵向方向上通过薄膜铰链连接。
8.一种通过围绕连接点(10)的管状的套筒(2)在两个长形导电元件(11,12)之间以防潮密封的方式遮盖连接点(10)的方法,其特征在于,
-将第一密封件(3)推到第一个所述导电元件(11)上,
-将第二密封件(4)推到第二个所述导电元件(12)上,
-这样设置所述套筒(2),即,所述密封件(3,4)在安装位置封闭所述套筒(2)的每个轴向末端并且密封地紧贴在所述套筒的壁上,
其中第一密封件(3)具有用于第一个导电元件(11)的穿孔(13),并且第二密封件(4)具有用于第二个导电元件(12)的穿孔(14),其中穿孔(13,14)与各个导电元件(11,12)的形状匹配,从而在安装位置中将所述导电元件密封地包围,
其中在所述套筒(2)的末端上在安装位置上分别设置有将套筒以及位于套筒中的密封件(3,4)包围的盖部(5,6),所述盖具有分别用于其中一个导电元件(11,12)的各一个穿孔(15,16),并且,
其中所述盖部(5,6)在所述套筒(2)上这样设置,即,所述密封件(3,4)中的每一个分别在所述盖(5,6)和所述套筒(2)之间夹紧。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,在将所述第一密封件(3)推到第一个导电元件(11)上之后并且在将所述第二密封件(4)推到第二个导电元件(12)上之前,将第一个导电元件(11)与第二个导电元件(12)连接。
10.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,在将所述第一密封件(3)推到第一个导电元件(11)上之后并且在将所述第二密封件(4)推到第二个导电元件(12)上之后,将第一个导电元件(11)与第二个导电元件(12)连接。
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