CN106451721A - All-solid-state precharging and power supply anti-reverse connection system for electric automobile - Google Patents
All-solid-state precharging and power supply anti-reverse connection system for electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN106451721A CN106451721A CN201611035552.1A CN201611035552A CN106451721A CN 106451721 A CN106451721 A CN 106451721A CN 201611035552 A CN201611035552 A CN 201611035552A CN 106451721 A CN106451721 A CN 106451721A
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0034—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using reverse polarity correcting or protecting circuits
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an all-solid-state precharging and power supply anti-reverse connection system for an electric automobile and aims to provide the system having the characteristics of low cost, high reliability and simple structure. According to the technical scheme, the all-solid-state precharging and power supply anti-reverse connection system for the electric automobile comprises a first branch, a second branch and a third branch which are connected in series, wherein the first branch comprises a first branch circuit and a second branch circuit; the second branch comprises a third branch circuit and a capacitor; and the third branch comprises a fourth branch circuit, a fifth branch circuit and a sixth branch circuit which are connected in parallel, or a seventh branch circuit, an eighth branch circuit and a six branch circuit which are connected in parallel, or double-way controlled silicon and a thermistor which are connected in parallel, or first single-way controlled silicon, second single-way controlled silicon, with the connection method opposite to that of the first single-way controlled silicon, and a thermistor which are connected in parallel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a motor power generation processing system of an electric vehicle, in particular to a capacitor pre-charging system and a power supply reverse connection prevention system of a motor controller.
Background
With the continuous development of the field of new energy electric vehicles, the circuit design requirement of the motor controller is gradually improved, and the problem of how to reduce the cost is particularly prominent on the premise of ensuring the reliability, safety and applicability of the circuit.
When the conventional motor controller is powered on, the capacitor on the bus is charged through the NTC resistor, the charging condition of the capacitor is detected by the single chip microcomputer, and when the voltage at two ends of the capacitor reaches a preset value, the single chip microcomputer executes action to enable the battery to be directly connected to the motor driving module.
Under the condition that no reverse connection preventing circuit is arranged, if the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a battery of the controller are reversely connected, the controller can be greatly damaged, and even the whole module is burnt. In addition, the motor of the electric vehicle occasionally operates in a power generation state, and if the electric energy is not timely conducted to the battery, the controller may be damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the background technology and provide an all-solid-state pre-charging and power supply reverse connection prevention system for the electric automobile, which has the advantages of low cost, high reliability and simple structure.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
an all-solid-state pre-charging and power supply reverse connection prevention system for an electric automobile is characterized by comprising a first branch, a second branch and a third branch which are sequentially connected in series along the current direction of the system; the first branch comprises a first branch formed by serially connecting a battery and a switch, and a second branch formed by serially connecting a first resistor, a sounding part and a third diode and connected with the first branch in parallel; the second branch comprises a third branch formed by connecting a second resistor and a third resistor in series and a capacitor connected with the third branch in parallel, and a connection wire between the second resistor and the third resistor is an AD signal acquisition point;
the third branch comprises:
the first anti-reverse diode is connected with the first N-channel MOS tube in series, a fourth branch circuit with the current direction the same as the current direction of the system is connected with the first N-channel MOS tube in series, a fifth branch circuit with the current direction opposite to the current direction of the fourth branch circuit is connected with the second N-channel MOS tube in series through the second anti-reverse diode, and a sixth branch circuit adopting a thermistor, wherein the three branch circuits are connected in parallel; or,
a seventh branch circuit which is formed by connecting a first reverse connection prevention diode and a first NPN triode in series and has the current direction the same as the current direction of a system, an eighth branch circuit which is formed by connecting a second reverse connection prevention diode and a second NPN triode in series and has the current direction opposite to the current direction of the seventh branch circuit and a sixth branch circuit which adopts a thermistor, wherein the three branch circuits are connected in parallel; or,
the bidirectional thyristor and the thermistor are connected in parallel; or,
the device comprises a first unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier, a second unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier and a thermistor, wherein the connection method of the first unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier and the second unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier is opposite to that of the first unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier, and the three parts are connected in parallel.
The fourth branch circuit is formed by connecting a drain electrode of the first N-channel MOS tube, a source electrode of the first N-channel MOS tube and an anode of the first reverse-connection prevention diode in series in sequence according to the current trend; and the fifth branch circuit is formed by connecting the drain electrode of the second N-channel MOS tube, the source electrode of the second N-channel MOS tube and the anode of the second anti-reverse diode in series in sequence according to the current trend.
The seventh branch circuit is formed by connecting a collector electrode of the first NPN triode, an emitting electrode of the first NPN triode and an anode of the first anti-reverse diode in series in sequence according to the current trend; the eighth branch circuit is formed by connecting a collector electrode of the second NPN triode, an emitting electrode of the second NPN triode and an anode of the second reverse-connection-prevention diode in series in sequence according to the current trend.
The second branch circuit is formed by connecting a first resistor, a sounding component and a third diode which is connected in a forward direction according to the trend of the system current in series.
The sounding part is preferably a buzzer or a loudspeaker.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the traditional scheme of using the relay, the invention improves the protection capability of the power supply reverse connection prevention system, enhances the safety and the applicability of the pre-charging system, processes the condition of generating electricity of the motor and greatly reduces the cost most importantly.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a specific circuit configuration diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a specific circuit configuration diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a specific circuit configuration diagram of embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a specific circuit configuration diagram of embodiment 4 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the motor controller capacitor pre-charge, power supply reverse connection prevention and motor power generation process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples shown in the drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an all-solid-state pre-charging and power supply reverse connection prevention system for an electric automobile, which has low cost, high reliability and simple structure. The technical scheme provided by the invention has the working flow as shown in figure 5.
Example 1
The first circuit design scheme (see figure 1) of the motor controller capacitor pre-charging, power supply reverse connection prevention and motor power generation processing comprises the following steps: the circuit comprises two N-channel MOS tubes (a first N-channel MOS tube Q1 and a second N-channel MOS tube Q2), two anti-reverse-connection diodes (a first anti-reverse-connection diode D1 and a second anti-reverse-connection diode D2), a thermistor NTC, a switch S1, a third diode D3, a charging capacitor C1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3 and a buzzer.
The components form a first branch, a second branch and a third branch which are connected in series in sequence along the direction of system current; the first branch comprises a first branch formed by serially connecting a battery and a switch S1, and a second branch formed by serially connecting a first resistor R1, a buzzer and a third diode D3 and connected with the first branch in parallel; the second branch comprises a third branch formed by connecting a second resistor R2 and a third resistor R3 in series and a capacitor C1 connected with the third branch in parallel, and a connection line between the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 is an AD signal acquisition point;
the third branch comprises:
a fourth branch which is formed by connecting a first anti-reverse diode D1 with a first N-channel MOS tube Q1 in series and has the same current direction with the system current direction, a fifth branch which is formed by connecting a second anti-reverse diode D2 with a second N-channel MOS tube Q2 in series and has the current direction opposite to the current direction of the fourth branch, and a sixth branch which adopts a thermistor NTC, wherein the three branches are connected in parallel; namely:
the negative electrode of the D1, the drain electrode of the Q2, the negative electrode of the NTC and the negative electrode of the battery are connected; the positive electrode of D1 is connected with the source electrode of Q1, and the source electrode of Q2 is connected with the positive electrode of D2; the drain of the Q1, the cathode of the D2 and the anode of the NTC are connected with the cathode of the capacitor C1. The positive pole of the battery is connected with the positive pole of a switch S1, the negative pole of the switch S1, the negative pole of D3, the positive pole of R2 are connected with the positive pole of a charging capacitor C1, the positive pole of D3 is connected with the negative pole of a buzzer, the positive pole of the buzzer is connected with the negative pole of R1, the positive pole of R1 is connected with the negative pole of the battery, the negative pole of R2 is connected with the positive pole of R3, the negative pole of R3 is connected with the negative pole of the charging capacitor C1, and the positive pole and the negative pole of.
The working principle is as follows: when the power supply is reversely connected, the switch S1 is switched on, the diode D3 is switched on, the D1 is switched off, the charging capacitor C1 is charged through the NTC, the whole controller system does not work, the AD acquisition result does not act, the out1 and the out2 keep low level states, the Q1 and the Q2 are not switched on, a loop where the buzzer is located is switched on, the buzzer works, an operator is reminded of the fact that the anode and the cathode of the battery are reversely connected, and the operation is required to be timely changed.
When the power supply is correctly connected, the switch S1 is switched on, the switches D3 and D2 are switched off, the charging capacitor C1 is charged through the NTC, the controller system works, when the AD acquisition reaches a preset value, the out1 is pulled high, the Q1 and the D1 are switched on, the NTC is short-circuited, the battery directly supplies power through the Q1 and the D1, the loss is reduced, and the whole pre-charging process is finished.
When the power supply is correctly connected and the pre-charging process is completed, the motor of the electric vehicle is converted into a power generation state, the voltage at the two ends of the C1 is larger than the voltage at the two ends of the battery, the controller can pull up the level of the out2 and pull down the level of the out1 to enable the Q2 and the D2 to be conducted, the Q1, the D1 and the D3 are cut off, and the electric energy generated by the motor is fed back to the battery through the Q2 and the D2.
Example 2
This embodiment (see fig. 2) is substantially the same as embodiment 1 except that two NPN transistors (a first NPN transistor Q3, a second NPN transistor Q4) are used instead of the two N-channel MOS transistors. Therefore, the structures of the first branch and the second branch are unchanged, and the structure of the third branch is slightly changed; namely:
the negative electrode of the D1, the collector of the Q4 and the negative electrode of the NTC are connected with the battery; the positive electrode of D1 is connected with the emitter of Q3, and the emitter of Q4 is connected with the positive electrode of D2; the collector of the Q3, the cathode of the D2, the anode of the NTC and the cathode of the charging capacitor C1 are connected. The positive pole of the battery is connected with the positive pole of a switch S1, the negative pole of the switch S1, the negative pole of D3, the positive pole of R2 are connected with the positive pole of a charging capacitor C1, the positive pole of D3 is connected with the negative pole of a buzzer, the positive pole of the buzzer is connected with the negative pole of R1, the positive pole of R1 is connected with the negative pole of the battery, the negative pole of R2 is connected with the positive pole of R3, the negative pole of R3 is connected with the negative pole of the charging capacitor C1, and the positive pole and the negative pole of.
The working principle is as follows: when the power supply is reversely connected, the switch S1 is switched on, the diode D3 is switched on, the D1 is switched off, the charging capacitor C1 is charged through the NTC, the whole controller system does not work, the AD acquisition result does not act, the out1 and the out2 keep low level states, the Q3 and the Q4 are not switched on, a loop where the buzzer is located is switched on, the buzzer works, an operator is reminded of the fact that the anode and the cathode of the battery are reversely connected, and the operation is required to be timely changed.
When the power supply is correctly connected, the switch S1 is switched on, the switches D3 and D2 are switched off, the charging capacitor C1 is charged through the NTC, the controller system works, when the AD acquisition reaches a preset value, the out1 is pulled high, the Q3 and the D1 are switched on, the NTC is short-circuited, the battery directly supplies power through the Q3 and the D1, the loss is reduced, and the whole pre-charging process is finished.
When the power supply is correctly connected and the pre-charging process is completed, the motor of the electric vehicle is converted into a power generation state, the voltage at the two ends of the C1 is larger than the voltage at the two ends of the battery, the controller can pull up the level of the out2 and pull down the level of the out1 to enable the Q4 and the D2 to be conducted, the Q3, the D1 and the D3 are cut off, and the electric energy generated by the motor is fed back to the battery through the Q4 and the D2.
Example 3
This embodiment (see fig. 3) is substantially the same as embodiment 1 except that two N-channel MOS transistors are replaced with one triac Q5. Therefore, the structures of the first branch and the second branch are unchanged, and the structure of the third branch is slightly changed; namely:
the anodes A1 and NTC of the bidirectional triode thyristor are connected with the negative pole of the switch S1; the anodes A2 and NTC of the bidirectional triode thyristor are connected with the anode of the capacitor C1. The positive pole of the battery is connected with the positive pole of a switch S1, the negative pole of the switch S1, the negative pole of D3, the positive pole of R2 are connected with the positive pole of a charging capacitor C1, the positive pole of D3 is connected with the negative pole of a buzzer, the positive pole of the buzzer is connected with the negative pole of R1, the positive pole of R1 is connected with the negative pole of the battery, the negative pole of R2 is connected with the positive pole of R3, the negative pole of R3 is connected with the negative pole of the charging capacitor C1, and the positive pole and the negative pole of.
The working principle is as follows: when the power supply is reversely connected, the switch S1 is switched on, the diode D3 is conducted, the charging capacitor C1 is charged through the NTC, the whole controller system does not work, the AD acquisition result does not act, the bidirectional triode thyristor is in a non-trigger state (out low level), the Q5 is not conducted, the loop where the buzzer is located is conducted, the buzzer works, and an operator is reminded that the anode and the cathode of the battery are reversely connected and please change the battery in time.
When the power supply is correctly connected, the switch S1 is switched on, the charging capacitor C1 charges through the NTC, the controller system works, when the AD acquisition reaches a preset value, the bidirectional thyristor has a trigger state (out high level), the Q5 is conducted, the NTC is short-circuited, the battery directly supplies power through the Q5, the loss is reduced, and the whole pre-charging process is finished.
When the power supply is correctly connected, and the pre-charging process is completed, the motor of the electric vehicle is converted into a power generation state, the voltage at the two ends of the C1 is greater than the voltage at the two ends of the battery, and the electric energy generated by the motor is fed back to the battery through the Q5.
Example 4
This example (see fig. 4) is essentially the same as example 1, except that: two unidirectional silicon controlled rectifiers (a first unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier Q6 and a second unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier Q7) replace two N-channel MOS tubes. Therefore, the structures of the first branch and the second branch are unchanged, and the structure of the third branch is slightly changed; namely:
the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor Q6, the cathode of the second unidirectional thyristor Q7, the anode of the NTC and the cathode of the switch S1 are connected; the cathode of the first unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier, the anode of the second unidirectional silicon controlled rectifier and the negative electrode of the NTC are connected with the anode of the capacitor C1. The positive pole of the battery is connected with the positive pole of a switch S1, the negative pole of the switch S1, the negative pole of D3, the positive pole of R2 are connected with the positive pole of a charging capacitor C1, the positive pole of D3 is connected with the negative pole of a buzzer, the positive pole of the buzzer is connected with the negative pole of R1, the positive pole of R1 is connected with the negative pole of the battery, the negative pole of R2 is connected with the positive pole of R3, the negative pole of R3 is connected with the negative pole of the charging capacitor C1, and the positive pole and the negative pole of.
The working principle is that when the power supply is reversely connected, the switch S1 is switched on, the diode D3 is conducted, the charging capacitor C1 is charged through the NTC, the whole controller system does not work, the AD acquisition result does not act, the two one-way thyristors are in a non-trigger state (out1 low level and out2 low level), the Q6 and the Q7 are not conducted, the loop where the buzzer is located is conducted, the buzzer works to remind an operator that the anode and the cathode of the battery are reversely connected, and the operator can please change the battery timely.
When the power supply is correctly connected, the switch S1 is switched on, the charging capacitor C1 charges through the NTC, the controller system works, when the AD acquisition reaches a preset value, the first one-way controllable silicon Q6 has a trigger state (out1 high level), the Q6 is conducted, the NTC is short-circuited, the battery directly supplies power through the Q6, the loss is reduced, and the whole pre-charging process is finished.
When the power supply is correctly connected, and the pre-charging process is completed, the motor of the electric vehicle is converted into a power generation state, the voltage at the two ends of the C1 is larger than the voltage at the two ends of the battery at the moment, the second one-way controllable silicon Q7 has a trigger state (out2 high level), and the electric energy generated by the motor is fed back to the battery through the Q7.
Claims (5)
1. An all-solid-state pre-charging and power supply reverse connection prevention system for an electric automobile is characterized by comprising a first branch, a second branch and a third branch which are sequentially connected in series along the current direction of the system; the first branch comprises a first branch formed by serially connecting a battery and a switch S1, and a second branch formed by serially connecting a first resistor R1, a sounding component and a third diode D3 and connected with the first branch in parallel; the second branch comprises a third branch formed by connecting a second resistor R2 and a third resistor R3 in series and a capacitor C1 connected with the third branch in parallel, and a connection line between the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 is an AD signal acquisition point;
the third branch comprises:
a fourth branch which is formed by connecting a first anti-reverse diode D1 with a first N-channel MOS tube Q1 in series and has the same current direction with the system current direction, a fifth branch which is formed by connecting a second anti-reverse diode D2 with a second N-channel MOS tube Q2 in series and has the current direction opposite to the current direction of the fourth branch, and a sixth branch which adopts a thermistor NTC, wherein the three branches are connected in parallel; or,
a seventh branch which is formed by connecting a first anti-reverse diode D1 and a first NPN triode Q3 in series and has the same current direction with the current direction of the system, an eighth branch which is formed by connecting a second anti-reverse diode D2 and a second NPN triode Q4 in series and has the current direction opposite to the current direction of the seventh branch, and a sixth branch which adopts a thermistor NTC, wherein the three branches are connected in parallel; or,
the two-way thyristor Q5 and the thermistor NTC are connected in parallel; or,
the device comprises a first unidirectional thyristor Q6, a second unidirectional thyristor Q7 which is connected with the first unidirectional thyristor Q6 in an opposite way, and a thermistor NTC, wherein the three components are connected in parallel.
2. The all-solid-state pre-charging and power supply reverse-connection preventing system for the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fourth branch circuit is formed by connecting the drain electrode of a first N-channel MOS tube Q1, the source electrode of a first N-channel MOS tube Q1 and the anode of a first anti-reverse diode D1 in series in sequence according to the current trend; the fifth branch circuit is formed by connecting the drain electrode of the second N-channel MOS tube Q2, the source electrode of the second N-channel MOS tube Q2 and the anode of the second anti-reverse diode D2 in series in sequence according to the current trend.
3. The all-solid-state pre-charging and power supply reverse-connection preventing system for the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the seventh branch circuit is formed by connecting a collector electrode of a first NPN triode Q3, an emitting electrode of a first NPN triode Q3 and an anode of a first anti-reverse diode D1 in series in sequence according to the current trend; the eighth branch circuit is formed by connecting a collector electrode of the second NPN triode Q4, an emitter electrode of the second NPN triode Q4, and an anode of the second anti-reverse diode D2 in series in sequence according to the current trend.
4. The all-solid-state pre-charge and power supply anti-reverse connection system for the electric automobile according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the second branch circuit is formed by connecting a first resistor R1, a sounding component and a third diode D3 which is connected in a forward direction in series in sequence according to the trend of system current.
5. The all-solid-state pre-charging and power supply reverse-connection preventing system for the electric automobile according to claim 4, characterized in that: the sounding part is a buzzer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611035552.1A CN106451721A (en) | 2016-11-22 | 2016-11-22 | All-solid-state precharging and power supply anti-reverse connection system for electric automobile |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611035552.1A CN106451721A (en) | 2016-11-22 | 2016-11-22 | All-solid-state precharging and power supply anti-reverse connection system for electric automobile |
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| CN106451721A true CN106451721A (en) | 2017-02-22 |
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| CN201611035552.1A Pending CN106451721A (en) | 2016-11-22 | 2016-11-22 | All-solid-state precharging and power supply anti-reverse connection system for electric automobile |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108879803A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2018-11-23 | 邓亚军 | A kind of fast automatic bridging system of super low-power consumption heavy-current storage battery and implementation method |
| CN111371299A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2020-07-03 | 广东威灵汽车部件有限公司 | High-voltage pre-charging circuit, charging method thereof, computer device and storage medium |
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| CN203691249U (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-07-02 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Novel pre-charging circuit |
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| JPH0539142U (en) * | 1991-10-16 | 1993-05-25 | 株式会社明電舎 | Pre-charging circuit |
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| CN108879803A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2018-11-23 | 邓亚军 | A kind of fast automatic bridging system of super low-power consumption heavy-current storage battery and implementation method |
| CN108879803B (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2021-06-11 | 邓亚军 | Quick automatic bridging system for ultra-low power consumption large-current storage battery and implementation method |
| CN111371299A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2020-07-03 | 广东威灵汽车部件有限公司 | High-voltage pre-charging circuit, charging method thereof, computer device and storage medium |
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Application publication date: 20170222 |
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