CN106450750A - Terahertz photoconductive phased-array antenna system - Google Patents
Terahertz photoconductive phased-array antenna system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106450750A CN106450750A CN201611117374.7A CN201611117374A CN106450750A CN 106450750 A CN106450750 A CN 106450750A CN 201611117374 A CN201611117374 A CN 201611117374A CN 106450750 A CN106450750 A CN 106450750A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/02—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
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Abstract
The invention relates to a terahertz photoconductive phased-array antenna system. The system comprises a laser source, an optical fiber coupler, a light delay controller and a terahertz photoconductive array antenna, wherein the optical fiber coupler is used for coupling the pump light generated by the laser source into an optical fiber; the light delay controller is used for controlling the delaying time of the pump light outputted by the optical fiber coupler and generating N beams of pump light at different delaying time; N is a natural number more than 1; the terahertz photoconductive array antenna is used for receiving the N beams of pump light at different delaying time outputted by the light delay controller; each beam of pump light is focused and irradiated on a corresponding bias antenna unit and then the terahertz irradiation is stimulated and generated. According to the terahertz photoconductive phased-array antenna system, the light delay controller is introduced into a pump light path of the photoconductive antenna array and the radiation phase is controlled so as to increase the radiation power of the array antenna and change the direction angle of the wave beam.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to terahertz emission technical field is and in particular to a kind of terahertz light conductance phased array antenna system.
Background technology
Terahertz (THz/terahertz) radiates the Disciplinary Frontiers that (0.1THz-10THz) technology is electromagnetic wave field, is situated between
Between photonics and person in electronics：Using the method for electronics, 0.3THz is exactly its upper frequency limit substantially；Using light
Its effect of method that son is learned is also not fully up to expectations.Terahertz emission technology is referred to as " Terahertz gap " because immature.Compare
Compared with other electromagnetic wave bands, Terahertz has the property of uniqueness, has very big application prospect in fields such as medical treatment, safety check, materials.
Powerful THz source is an important bottleneck of Terahertz Technology, and Terahertz antenna is as a kind of Terahertz
Radiation source, is a focus of research.A kind of method of Enhanced Radiation Reduced Blast power is to adopt antenna array scheme, existing Terahertz
Array antenna mainly has two kinds：A kind of aerial array based on electronics, one kind is photoconductive (photoconductive) antenna
Array.Phased-array technique inside antenna technology is except increasing radiant power and gain moreover it is possible to pass through to control each antenna list
The phase delay amount of unit, makes the global radiation direction of antenna change, the beam position reaching fixed antenna also can rotary scanning
Purpose.Aerial array based on electronics can adopt the method for electromigration phase to make phased array antenna (Phase array
Antenna), but its upper frequency limit is still in Terahertz low-frequency range.Terahertz light conductance phased array antenna system or one at present
Piece is blank.
Content of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention proposes a kind of terahertz light conductance phased array antenna system, specifically
Technical scheme is as follows.
A kind of terahertz light conductance phased array antenna system, including lasing light emitter, fiber coupler, light delay controller and too
Hertz photoelectricity waveguide array antennas；
Wherein, the coupling pump light that lasing light emitter is produced by described fiber coupler is in optical fiber；
Described smooth delay controller controls the delay time of the pump light of fiber coupler output, produces N bundle and has difference
The pump light of delay time；N is the natural number more than 1；
Described terahertz light photoconductive array antenna receives has the different delayed time time from the N bundle of light delay controller output
Pump light, often excites generation terahertz emission after its corresponding antenna element of a branch of pump light focusing illumination.
Further, described lasing light emitter is femto-second laser or difference frequency lasing light emitter.
Further, described terahertz light photoconductive array antenna includes microlens array and N number of described antenna element；Described
Often a branch of pump light that terahertz light photoconductive array antenna receives is by the electricity of microlens array focusing illumination to respective antenna unit
Clearance between poles area, thus excite each antenna element to produce terahertz emission and interfere the global radiation synthesizing aerial array；Each sky
Unified plus bias voltage between two electrodes of line unit.
Further, the spatial distribution of antenna element is linear type, plane or solid type.
Further, light delay controller realizes time delay using glass flake, photoswitch or Electro-optical Modulation.
Further, when described smooth delay controller realizes time delay using glass flake, described smooth delay controller bag
Include disk and multiple working area, multiple working areas in disk along the circumferential direction rule be distributed on disk, each working area wrap
Include N number of glass flake, N number of glass flake being radially arranged along disk, N number of glass flake that each working area includes is in vertical light
Identical with the microlens array shape of terahertz light photoconductive array antenna in the plane on road.
Further, described N number of glass flake is the optical glass thin discs of different-thickness, and each glass thin discs is upper and lower
Surface is parallel, and area is identical with the lenticule of underface.
Further, when described smooth delay controller realizes time delay using photoswitch, photoswitch is using micro-nano technology
The micro mirror reflection-type mems optical switch array becoming, controls the closure of micro mirror reflection-type mems optical switch array with light switch controller
Combination, obtains the amount of delay of different antenna elements.
Further, when described smooth delay controller realizes time delay using light modulation, light delay controller adopts electric light
The fiber waveguide that crystal is made, applies different voltages on electro-optic crystal, changes refractive index, controls pump light amount of delay.
Further, described system also includes polarization splitting prism；It is inclined that lasing light emitter is divided into two bundles through polarization splitting prism
Shake light, the expansible detection light as Terahertz frequency domain spectra instrument of wherein a branch of polarized light, and another bundle polarized light is coupled by optical fiber
Device is divided equally into N bundle pump light, then N bundle pump light is respectively coupled to N bar z and cuts in the fiber waveguide that KDP electro-optic crystal is made, wherein
The polarization direction of light and electro-optic crystal x1The eigen polarization direction of axle is parallel, light from fiber waveguide out after be respectively coupled to again too
On the lenticule of hertz photoelectricity waveguide array antennas.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The present invention proposes terahertz light conductance phased array antenna system, in photoconductive antenna
Introduce light delay controller in the pump light light path of array, change the time that pump light is irradiated to antenna element on antenna array
Official post obtains the Terahertz phase change of each antenna element radiation.By controlling the radiating phase of each antenna element, improve sky
The radiant power of linear array, moreover it is possible to change antenna pattern and gain coefficient in use, has increase radiant power, raising
Gain and the controlled feature of directional diagram.Meanwhile, phase-moving method proposed by the present invention employs truetimedelay, will not produce beam squint
Phenomenon, phased array antenna can be operated under broadband.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of terahertz light conductance phased array antenna system proposed by the invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the beam pointing-angle of terahertz light conductance phased array antenna system proposed by the invention；
Fig. 3 is the light delay controller of the embodiment 1 of terahertz light conductance phased array antenna system proposed by the invention
Structure chart；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the embodiment 1 of terahertz light conductance phased array antenna system proposed by the invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the embodiment 2 of terahertz light conductance phased array antenna system proposed by the invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the embodiment 3 of terahertz light conductance phased array antenna system proposed by the invention.
Specific embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and reference
Accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.But those skilled in the art know, the invention is not limited in accompanying drawing and following reality
Apply example.
Terahertz light conductance phased array antenna system proposed by the present invention is as shown in figure 1, include lasing light emitter 11, optical fiber coupling
Device 12, light delay controller 13 and terahertz light photoconductive array antenna 14.
Described lasing light emitter 11 is used for producing a branch of pump light 15.Described lasing light emitter 11 can be femto-second laser, for producing
Raw a branch of pulsed pump light.Described lasing light emitter 11 can also be difference frequency lasing light emitter, for producing a branch of continuous way beat frequency light.
Described fiber coupler 12 is used for a branch of pump light 15 beam splitting producing lasing light emitter 11 or is coupled to light after closing bundle
In fibre.
Described smooth delay controller 13 is used for controlling the delay time of the pump light of fiber coupler 12 output, produces N bundle
There is the pump light 17 of different delayed time time.
Delay pattern employed in it preferably employs glass flake time delay, photoswitch time delay and three kinds of Electro-optical Modulation time delay
Mode.
When light delay controller 13 adopts photoswitch time delay or Electro-optical Modulation delay pattern, described fiber coupler 12 will
A branch of pump light 15 that lasing light emitter 11 produces is divided equally into N bundle pump light 16, and often a branch of pump light is all coupled in an optical fiber, shape
Become N bar equidistant fibre-optic waveguide structure；The equal length of this N bar optical fiber；Wherein, N is the natural number more than 1, is given in the accompanying drawings
N is 4 example.Described smooth delay controller 13 controls the delay time of often a branch of pump light of fiber coupler 12 output,
Produce the pump light 17 that N bundle has the different delayed time time.
When light delay controller 13 adopts glass flake delay pattern, lasing light emitter 11 is produced by described fiber coupler 12
A branch of pump light 15 synthesize a branch of pump light 16, and the control through described smooth delay controller 13 and beam splitting, produce N bundle tool
There is the pump light 17 of different delayed time time.
Described terahertz light photoconductive array antenna 14 includes microlens array 141 and N number of antenna element 142, antenna element
142 spatial distribution can be linear type, plane, solid type.Unified biasing between two electrodes of each antenna element 142
Put voltage.Described antenna element 142 can be bias antenna element.
Terahertz light photoconductive array antenna 14 receives has the different delayed time time from the N bundle of light delay controller 13 output
Pump light 17, often a branch of pump light 17 is by the electrode gap area of microlens array 141 focusing illumination to respective antenna unit 142,
Thus excitation antenna unit produces terahertz emission.Meanwhile, the terahertz emission interference that N number of antenna element produces synthesizes power
Higher terahertz emission 18 exports.
Angle between the beam position Q of terahertz emission 18 and normal direction P of aerial array plane is beam pointing-angle θ,
As shown in Figure 2.The value of beam pointing-angle θ is：
Wherein, Δ L is the optical path difference of the pump light being irradiated to adjacent antenna units, and d is between adjacent antenna units A and B
Distance.
The present invention passes through to increase light delay controller in pumping light path, controls the radiating phase of each antenna element, carries
High radiant power is moreover it is possible to change antenna pattern and gain coefficient in use.
The phase-moving method that the present invention adopts is all the true delay technique of optics, will not produce beam squint phenomenon, antenna can
It is operated in broadband.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, light delay controller 13 is by the way of glass flake time delay.The effect of glass flake is to control
Incide the time quantum of the pump light time delay of antenna element.
Described smooth delay controller 13 includes disk 31 and multiple working area 32 (in Fig. 3 shown in dotted line), multiple working areas
32 are along the circumferential direction arranged in disk 31 at equal intervals, and each working area 32 includes N number of glass flake, and N number of glass flake is along circle
Being radially arranged of disk 31, N number of glass flake that each working area 32 includes is in the plane of vertical optical path and terahertz light conductance
The microlens array shape of array antenna 14 is identical.Each only one of which working area 32 is made to enter into pump light by mechanical rotation
Path in.
Fig. 3 shows that eight working areas 32 are along the circumferential direction arranged in disk 31 at equal intervals, and each working area 32 includes 4
The situation of individual glass flake D1, D2, D3, D4, Fig. 3 is the top view of light delay controller 13, and four in dashed rectangle circle is just
It is the top view of one of working area 32, Fig. 4 is shown in which the front view of a working area 32.But those skilled in the art
Know, the quantity of working area 32 and the quantity of glass flake can be arranged as required to.
One working area 32 correspond to a kind of beam pointing-angle θ, and on a working area 32, the thickness of each glass flake divides
Cloth is drawn by antenna phased array Theoretical Calculation.
As shown in figure 4, a branch of pump light 15 that lasing light emitter 11 produces is output into a branch of pump light through fiber coupler 12
16, after i-th glass flake through working area 32 in light delay controller 13, cause the optical path difference Δ d that pump light increasesi
For：
Δdi=(n-1) di,
Wherein, n is the refractive index of glass flake, diIt is i-th glass flake DiThickness.
It is irradiated to the optical path difference Δ L of the pump light of adjacent antenna unitsi=Δ di-Δdi-1=(n-1) Δ di,i-1=dsin
θ, then for a certain photoconductive antenna array, adjacent antenna units distance is fixing, therefore can calculate and take a certain wave beam
When pointing to angle θ, between adjacent antenna units, required optical glass sheet thickness is poor
When shown in Fig. 4, N is 4, when beam pointing-angle θ is 30 degree, D1, D2, D3, D4 optical glass sheet thickness
Respectively a,Wherein a is the base thickness of optical glass thin slice.
Take operating frequency 1THz, d takes 150 microns of 1/2nd wavelength, and glass refraction n takes 1.5, then Δ di,i-1=150
Micron.Take a=200 micron, then D1、D2、D3、D4Thickness is respectively 200,350,500,650 microns.
Make a series of optical glass thin discs D of different-thicknessiAnd rule is distributed on disk, each glass thin is justified
Piece upper and lower surface is parallel, and area is identical with the lenticule of underface, and every four glass thin discs are combined into a working area 32, adopt
With the mode of mechanical rotation it is possible to the working area needing is turned in the light path of pump light.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, light delay controller is by the way of photoswitch time delay.
Fig. 5 provides the structure chart that light delay controller 13 adopts photoswitch time delay, and this photoswitch 51 is using micro-nano technology
The micro mirror reflection-type mems optical switch array becoming, controls closing of micro mirror reflection-type mems optical switch array with light switch controller 52
Charge-coupled conjunction, just can obtain multiple amount of delay of pump light on aerial array 142.From fiber coupler 12 each optical fiber out
It is all connected to the photoswitch 51 of wherein a line, finally shine terahertz light photoconductive array antenna after n=3 photoswitch 51
Lenticule on 14.Each photoswitch 51 can select light one from the different route of two length to pass through, by 3 light
The various combination of switch just can obtain 32Plant different delay times, you can make every light beam obtain n2=32Plant different light paths
Difference Δ L.The control principle reference implementation example 1 of beam pointing-angle.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, light delay controller is by the way of Electro-optical Modulation time delay.
In the manner, the fiber waveguide 61 made using electro-optic crystal carrys out time delay pump light.Electro-optic crystal applies not
Same voltage, changes refractive index, controls pump light amount of delay.
Lasing light emitter 11 is divided into two bundle polarized light through polarization splitting prism 62, wherein light beam 63 expansible as Terahertz
The detection light of frequency domain spectra instrument, another bundle is divided equally into N bundle pump light by fiber coupler 12, then N bundle pump light is coupled respectively
Cut (polarization direction of light and electro-optic crystal x in the fiber waveguide 61 that KDP electro-optic crystal is made to N bar z1The eigen polarization direction of axle
Parallel), light from fiber waveguide 61 out after be respectively coupled to again on the lenticule of terahertz light photoconductive array antenna 14.KDP is brilliant
Waveguide two ends applied voltage V (t) of body can lead to crystal refractive index changes delta n, and the optical path difference that crystal optical waveguide causes is exactly
Δ nd, and then play phased effect.The control principle reference implementation example 1 of beam pointing-angle.
Terahertz light photoconductive array antenna 14 in above example is all taking linear antenna battle array as a example, can also be extended to
Face type or three dimensional array.
More than, embodiments of the present invention are illustrated.But, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment.All
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement done etc., should be included in the guarantor of the present invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of terahertz light conductance phased array antenna system is it is characterised in that include lasing light emitter, fiber coupler, light time delay
Controller and terahertz light photoconductive array antenna；
Wherein, the coupling pump light that lasing light emitter is produced by described fiber coupler is in optical fiber；
Described smooth delay controller controls the delay time of the pump light of fiber coupler output, produces N bundle and has different delayed time
The pump light of time；N is the natural number more than 1；
Described terahertz light photoconductive array antenna receives the pumping from the N bundle of light delay controller output with the different delayed time time
Light, often excites generation terahertz emission after its corresponding antenna element of a branch of pump light focusing illumination.
2. system according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described lasing light emitter is femto-second laser or difference frequency lasing light emitter.
3. system according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described terahertz light photoconductive array antenna includes lenticule battle array
Row and N number of described antenna element；Often a branch of pump light that described terahertz light photoconductive array antenna receives is gathered by microlens array
Jiao is irradiated to the electrode gap area of respective antenna unit, thus exciting this antenna element to produce described terahertz emission and interfere conjunction
Become the global radiation of aerial array；Unified plus bias voltage between two electrodes of each antenna element.
4. system according to claim 3 it is characterised in that antenna element spatial distribution be linear type, plane or
Solid type.
5. the system according to claim 3 or 4 it is characterised in that light delay controller adopt glass flake, photoswitch or
Electro-optical Modulation realizes time delay.
6. system according to claim 5 is realized prolonging it is characterised in that working as described smooth delay controller using glass flake
Constantly, described smooth delay controller includes disk and multiple working area, multiple working areas in disk along the circumferential direction rule divide
On disk, each working area includes N number of glass flake, N number of glass flake being radially arranged along disk to cloth, and each working area is wrapped
The N number of glass flake including is identical with the microlens array shape of terahertz light photoconductive array antenna in the plane of vertical optical path.
7. system according to claim 6 is it is characterised in that described N number of glass flake is the optical glass of different-thickness
Thin discs, each glass thin discs upper and lower surface is parallel, and area is identical with the lenticule of underface.
8. system according to claim 5 is it is characterised in that when described smooth delay controller realizes time delay using photoswitch
When, photoswitch, using the micro mirror reflection-type mems optical switch array of micro-nano technology, controls micro mirror anti-with light switch controller
The closure combination of emitting mems optical switch array, obtains the amount of delay of different antenna elements.
9. system according to claim 5 is it is characterised in that when described smooth delay controller realizes time delay using light modulation
When, the fiber waveguide that light delay controller is made using electro-optic crystal, different voltages are applied on electro-optic crystal, changes refraction
Rate, controls pump light amount of delay.
10. system according to claim 9 is it is characterised in that described system also includes polarization splitting prism；Lasing light emitter warp
Cross polarization splitting prism and be divided into two bundle polarized light, the expansible detection as Terahertz frequency domain spectra instrument of wherein a branch of polarized light
Light, another bundle polarized light by fiber coupler be divided equally into N bundle pump light, then N bundle pump light be respectively coupled to N bar z cut KDP electricity
In the fiber waveguide that luminescent crystal is made, the wherein polarization direction of light and electro-optic crystal x1The eigen polarization direction of axle is parallel, and light is from light
In waveguide out after be respectively coupled to again on the lenticule of terahertz light photoconductive array antenna.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN107991835A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-05-04 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of optical projection system and method |
| CN108459448A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-08-28 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Two-dimensional light beam scanning method based on optical phased array and optical phased array |
| CN108828712A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-11-16 | 上海交通大学 | Large-scale integrated optical switch chip based on optical phased array |
| CN111201724A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2020-05-26 | 通用电气公司 | True delay beam former and method of operation |
| CN112763084A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-05-07 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | High-stability frequency source, terahertz frequency generation experimental device and using method |
| CN112992387A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-06-18 | 大连理工大学 | Terahertz microwave interference array for measuring two-dimensional electron density profile based on time delay method |
| CN114251980A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-03-29 | 电子科技大学 | Device for interfering and damaging cluster unmanned aerial vehicle |
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| CN111201724B (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2021-05-07 | 通用电气公司 | True delay beam former and method of operation |
| CN107991835A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-05-04 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of optical projection system and method |
| CN107991835B (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2019-10-25 | 北京理工大学 | Optical projection system and method are expanded based on micro-nano structure palarization multiplexing short focus |
| CN108459448A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-08-28 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Two-dimensional light beam scanning method based on optical phased array and optical phased array |
| CN108828712A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-11-16 | 上海交通大学 | Large-scale integrated optical switch chip based on optical phased array |
| CN112763084A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-05-07 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | High-stability frequency source, terahertz frequency generation experimental device and using method |
| CN112992387A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-06-18 | 大连理工大学 | Terahertz microwave interference array for measuring two-dimensional electron density profile based on time delay method |
| CN112992387B (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2023-10-13 | 大连理工大学 | Terahertz microwave interference array for measuring two-dimensional electron density profile based on time delay method |
| CN114251980A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-03-29 | 电子科技大学 | Device for interfering and damaging cluster unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN114251980B (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-12-27 | 电子科技大学 | Device for interfering and damaging cluster unmanned aerial vehicle |
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