CN106449347A - Ionization chamber device - Google Patents
Ionization chamber device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106449347A CN106449347A CN201610963949.0A CN201610963949A CN106449347A CN 106449347 A CN106449347 A CN 106449347A CN 201610963949 A CN201610963949 A CN 201610963949A CN 106449347 A CN106449347 A CN 106449347A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- graphite
- ionisation
- bar
- collector
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J47/00—Tubes for determining the presence, intensity, density or energy of radiation or particles
- H01J47/02—Ionisation chambers
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- Electron Tubes For Measurement (AREA)
- Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention relates to an ionization chamber device. The ionization chamber device comprises a graphite ionization chamber and a collection rod. The graphite ionization chamber comprises a graphite chamber and a collector. The air in the graphite chamber is ionized by the radiation which irradiates into the graphite chamber. The graphite chamber comprises an upper chamber and a lower chamber. Both the upper chamber and the lower chamber are hollow hemispheres with the same radius. The upper chamber is fastened on the lower chamber. The bottom of the lower chamber is provided with a through-hole. The collector is used for collecting electrons generated by ionization of the radiation. One end of the collector is arranged through the through-hole to the graphite chamber and is connected with the through-hole in an insulated mode. The end of the collector is arranged in the center of the hollow hemispheres. The collection rod comprises a center conductor, an insulating rod and an outer connecting rod. The center conductor is connected with the other end of the collector in an inserted mode. The insulating rod is connected with the outside of the center conductor in a sleeved mode. The outer connecting rod is connected with the outside of the insulating rod in a sleeved mode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Radiation monitoring technical field, more particularly, to a kind of ionisation-chamber arrangements.
Background technology
The benchmark ionisation chamber of main application both at home and abroad includes free-air ionization chamber and graphite cavity ionization chamber at present.?
During 250kV～600kV X-ray air kerma benchmark is set up, when x-ray tube voltage is more than 400kV, between secondary electron
Away from increase make required free-air ionization chamber electrode spacing very big, because free-air ionization chamber is in measurement higher-energy
The limitation of section X-ray aspect, is now intended to graphite cavity ionization chamber be used as benchmark ionisation chamber.
Graphite ionization chamber is the detector measuring ionising radiation using the ionisation effect of ionising radiation.Graphite cavity ionization chamber
Belong to current ionization chamber, the cumulative effect that actual measurement radiation produces.Produce inside the ionization rate of chamber interior and ionisation chamber
Electric-field intensity is relevant.
Application graphite ionization chamber can measure air kerma, and air kerma is uncharged ionizing particle in list
The summation of the initial kinetic energy of whole powered ionizing particle that the in the air of position quality discharges, is that ionising radiation metering is the heaviest
One of physical quantity wanted.It is the existing legality measurement system of China that air kerma amount passes system, treatment for radiation-caused disease, radiation protection
All trace to the source to air kerma benchmark with the dose measurement device of environmental monitoring.Accurately reproduction air kerma value, be
One of important symbol of national ionising radiation scientific research level.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is the defect for prior art, provides a kind of ionisation-chamber arrangements, and Electric Field Distribution is uniformly, mechanical
High precision, improves the precision that air kerma calculates.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of ionisation-chamber arrangements, described ionisation-chamber arrangements includes：Graphite ionizes
Room and collection bar；
Described graphite ionization chamber includes：
Graphite chamber, under injecting the irradiation of radiation ray of graphite within the chamber, the air ionization of graphite within the chamber, described
Graphite chamber includes upper chamber and lower chambers；Described upper chamber and lower chambers are radius identical hollow hemisphere, described upper chamber
It is fastened in described lower chambers；The bottom centre of described lower chambers is provided with through hole；
Collector, is collected to the electronics producing after the ionization of described radiation ray；One end of described collector wears institute
State through hole and be placed in described graphite chamber, and be connected with the insulation of described through hole, one end of described collector is arranged at described hollow half
The centre of sphere of ball；
Described collection bar includes center conductor, insulating bar and external connection bar；Described center conductor and described collector
Other end grafting；Described insulating bar is socketed on outside described center conductor；Described external connection rod set is connected to outside described insulating bar
Side.
Preferably, the bottom of described lower chambers has fixed component；Described collection bar also includes the first insulation division and second
Insulation division；
Described first insulation division is arranged between described through hole and described collection bar；
Described second insulation division is arranged between described first insulation division and described through hole, and is connected with described fixed component
Connect.
It is further preferred that described collection bar also includes dead ring, it is connected with described second insulation division.
Preferably, described collection bar also includes binding post, and described binding post is connected with described center conductor.
Preferably, described graphite ionization chamber also includes intermediate cavity, is arranged between described upper chamber and lower chambers；Described
Intermediate cavity is cylinder, and described cylindrical radius is equal with the radius of described hollow hemisphere.
Preferably, the edge of described upper chamber has tongue, and the edge of described lower chambers is had and matched with described tongue
Groove.
Preferably, described upper chamber, lower chambers and collector are made up of graphite material.
Preferably, described center conductor is made up of brass material, the surface gold-plating of described center conductor.
Preferably, described insulating bar, the first insulation division and the second insulation division are by polytrifluorochloroethylene or polyetheretherketonematerials materials
Make.
Preferably, described external connection bar is made up of duralumin material, the chrome-faced of described external connection bar.
Ionisation-chamber arrangements provided in an embodiment of the present invention, uniformly, mechanical precision is high for Electric Field Distribution, improves air kerma
The precision calculating.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of ionisation-chamber arrangements provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation collecting bar provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of another kind ionisation-chamber arrangements provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is Ansoft Maxwell 2D simulation contact surface provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is spheric (ionization) chamber provided in an embodiment of the present invention builtin voltage cloud charts；
Fig. 6 is ball provided in an embodiment of the present invention-cylindricality ionisation chamber builtin voltage cloud charts；
Fig. 7 is columnar ionization chamber interior voltage's distribiuting cloud atlas provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of ionisation-chamber arrangements provided in an embodiment of the present invention.As illustrated, the present invention is implemented
The ionisation-chamber arrangements of example includes graphite ionization chamber 1 and collects bar 2.
Graphite ionization chamber 1, including graphite chamber 11 and collector 12.
Wherein, under injecting the irradiation of radiation ray of graphite within the chamber, the air of graphite within the chamber ionizes, graphite
Chamber 11 is spherical structure, is divided into upper chamber 111 and lower chambers 112, upper chamber 111 and lower chambers 112 to be that radius identical is empty
Heart hemisphere, the edge of upper chamber 111 has tongue, and the edge of lower chambers 112 has the groove matching with tongue, upper chamber
111 are fastened in lower chambers 112, form a concentric sphere volume.The bottom centre of lower chambers 112 is provided with through hole 1121, for inserting
Enter collector 12.
Collector 12, is collected to the electronics producing after radiation ray ionization；One end of collector 12 wears through hole
1121 entrance graphite chambers 11, and be connected with through hole 1121 insulation, one end of collector 12 is arranged at the centre of sphere position of hollow hemisphere
Put.
The electric conductivity good in order to ensure graphite ionization chamber 1, described upper chamber 111, lower chambers 112 and collector 12 are equal
It is made up of graphite material.
Collect bar 2, specifically as shown in Fig. 2 including center conductor 21, insulating bar 22 and external connection bar 23；Center conductor
21 is that the electronics collecting collector 12 changes into electric signal and enters with the other end grafting of collector 12, the effect of center conductor 21
Row transmission, the bottom of center conductor 21 is provided with binding post 24, for being attached ionisation-chamber arrangements with external equipment, for protecting
The good electric conductivity of card center conductor 21, center conductor 21 is preferably made up of brass material, and the plated surface of center conductor 21
Gold；Insulating bar 22 is socketed on outside center conductor 21, for being insulated between center conductor 21 and external connection bar 23, absolutely
Edge bar 22 preferably employs polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) material and makes；External connection bar 23 is socketed on outside insulating bar 22, external connection
Bar 23 preferably employs duralumin material and makes, and the chrome-faced of external connection bar 23.
For ensureing the insulation of collector 12 and lower chambers 112 through hole 1121, described collection bar 2 also includes the first insulation division 27
With the second insulation division 26；Wherein, the first insulation division 27 is arranged at through hole 1121 and collects between bar 2, and 27 sets of the first insulation division
It is connected to collector 12 and the junction of center conductor 21, specifically, one end of the first insulation division 27 is socketed on the outer of collector 12
Side, the other end is socketed on the outside of external connection bar 23；Second insulation division 26 be arranged at the first insulation division 27 and through hole 1121 it
Between, and the second insulation division 26 is socketed on the outside of the first insulation division 27.First insulation division 27 and the second insulation division 26 preferably employ
It is made up of polytrifluorochloroethylene or polyetheretherketonematerials materials.
Additionally, collecting bar 2 also include dead ring 25, it is connected with the second insulation division 26.
In order to ensure the stability of graphite ionization chamber 1, in the bottom of lower chambers 112 there is fixed component, fixed component with
Second insulation division 26 connects, thus realizing fixation on collecting bar 2 for the graphite ionization chamber 1.
In a preferred embodiment, graphite chamber 11 can also be ball-rod structure, concrete as shown in figure 3, graphite ionization chamber
1 also includes intermediate cavity 113, is arranged between upper chamber 111 and lower chambers 112, and intermediate cavity 113 is cylinder, described circle
The radius of cylindricality is equal with the radius of hollow hemisphere；The top edge of intermediate cavity 113 is had and is matched with upper chamber 111 tongue
Groove, the bottom edge of intermediate cavity 113 has the tongue with lower chambers 112 groove match, and intermediate cavity 113 is passed through recessed
Groove and tongue are attached with upper chamber 111 and lower chambers 112, form ball-column type graphite chamber 11.
Ionisation chamber internal electric field is to be produced by the direct voltage source loading on outside, and the distribution of electric field will affect within the chamber
Portion ionizes the collection of electric charge, and then has influence on the measurement of ionization current values.Therefore, analyze and study dividing of ionisation chamber internal electric field
Cloth situation, the design to graphite cavity ionization chamber plays particularly critical effect.
Ansoft Maxwell 2D can carry out electric field simulation calculating to electrical equipments such as electric capacity, high potential assembly and cables,
The calutrons such as motor, sensor and transformer are carried out with magnetic field simulation calculating, realizes including electrostatic field, alternating electric field, direct current
Conduction electric field, magnetostatic field, vortex field, the electromagnetic-field simulation of transient magnetic field calculate.When calculating for Electric Field Simulation, Ansoft
Maxwell 2D provides electrostatic field, alternating electric field, 3 kinds of solution modes of DC conduction electric field, and electrostatic field emulation is applied to analysis
The electrostatic field being caused by the electric charge in direct voltage source, high voltage insulator and other staticizers；DC conduction Electric Field Simulation
It is the conduction current density calculating on conductive material of concern and coupled electrode；Exchange conduction Electric Field Simulation is suitable for
The dynamic electric field being produced by alternating current or the voltage of certain frequency in analysis and research.
Graphite cavity ionization chamber in working order in, by ionisation chamber chamber external high voltage power supply as high-pressure stage, thus
Define extra electric field between high-pressure stage and collector, this electric field is considered as electrostatic field, therefore, this time simulation adopts electrostatic
Field solves mode.Simulation calculating process is as follows：
(1) select solver.Select electrostatic field mode in solver setting.
(2) model.Draw the 2 d plane picture of primary structure according to the design size of ionisation chamber, including high-pressure stage, collect
Pole, part protection ring and insulator.
(3) added material.Model arranges each partly corresponding material after building up, locular wall and collection bar are graphite,
Insulating materials is PEEK, and protection ring is aluminium.
(4) boundary condition and driving source are added.On constructed model edge setting balloon border it is intended that type is
Voltage, that is, simulate infinitely great domain, can effectively completely cut off the voltage source beyond model；Chamber sets as high-pressure stage
Excitation Source Type is voltage, magnitude of voltage+400V, collects bar setting excitation Source Type and is similarly voltage, magnitude of voltage 0V.
(5) setting solves parameter.Parameter setting is typically chosen default value.
(6) solve.Needed to carry out self-inspection before being solved, check whether every setting meets specification, after self-inspection is qualified
Start derivation, determine that calculating process enters post-processing stages after mistake.
(7) post processing.Preference pattern object, checks voltage distribution graph.
Ansoft Maxwell 2D is for shown in simulation flow Fig. 4 of two-dimensional electrostatic field.
This time during electric field simulation, only calculate electric-field intensity and voltage's distribiuting field figure, do not calculate other and solve ginseng
Numerical value, mesh generation adopts automatic division unit.Except electric field, the voltage of model object can be checked in Ansoft Maxwell
Distribution, can also look at voltage of electric field on certain paths, electric-field intensity distribution.
, as shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 are respectively spherical, ball-post for ionisation chamber simulation result of different shapes
Shape, columnar ionization chamber interior voltage's distribiuting cloud atlas, the color value table of comparisons on the left of voltage's distribiuting cloud atlas it can be seen that
The ionisation chamber internal electric field distribution of three shapes is generally equally distributed, and colour code the top (the most shallow place of color) corresponding electricity
Pressure is worth for 400V, and bottom (color bosom) respective value is 0V, meets setting during simulation, that is, high-pressure stage adds 400V voltage,
At collector, voltage is 0.Voltage strength distribution shape within spherical hollow space ionisation chamber is similar to a shape subglobular chamber
The elliposoidal of room, ball-cylindrical cavity ionisation chamber defines a shape close to the voltage of the elliposoidal of chamber in chamber interior
Intensity field, compares with first two, and the shape of the indoor voltage strength distribution of cylindrical cavity ionization is more irregular, can be significantly
See that the distributing homogeneity around four angles of cylinder is poor.To sum up, from the inside electricity of ball-cylindricality ionisation chamber and spheric (ionization) chamber
From the point of view of field distribution, its uniformity and symmetry are all better than columnar ionization room.Therefore, shape design on be more likely to spherical and
The ionisation chamber of ball-cylindricality.
Ionisation-chamber arrangements provided in an embodiment of the present invention, uniformly, mechanical precision is high for Electric Field Distribution, improves air kerma
The precision calculating.
Above-described specific embodiment, has been carried out to the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect further
Describe in detail, be should be understood that the specific embodiment that the foregoing is only the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention
Protection domain, all any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement within the spirit and principles in the present invention, done etc., all should comprise
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ionisation-chamber arrangements is it is characterised in that described ionisation-chamber arrangements includes：Graphite ionization chamber and collection bar；
Described graphite ionization chamber includes：
Graphite chamber, under injecting the irradiation of radiation ray of graphite within the chamber, the air ionization of graphite within the chamber, described graphite
Chamber includes upper chamber and lower chambers；Described upper chamber and lower chambers are radius identical hollow hemisphere, and described upper chamber fastens
In described lower chambers；The bottom centre of described lower chambers is provided with through hole；
Collector, is collected to the electronics producing after the ionization of described radiation ray；One end of described collector wears described logical
Hole is placed in described graphite chamber, and is connected with the insulation of described through hole, and one end of described collector is arranged at described hollow hemisphere
The centre of sphere；
Described collection bar includes center conductor, insulating bar and external connection bar；Described center conductor is another with described collector
End grafting；Described insulating bar is socketed on outside described center conductor；Described external connection rod set is connected to outside described insulating bar.
2. ionisation-chamber arrangements according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that the bottom of described lower chambers has fixed component；
Described collection bar also includes the first insulation division and the second insulation division；
Described first insulation division is arranged between described through hole and described collection bar；
Described second insulation division is arranged between described first insulation division and described through hole, and is connected with described fixed component.
3. ionisation-chamber arrangements according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that described collection bar also includes dead ring, and described
Second insulation division is connected.
4. ionisation-chamber arrangements according to claim 1, described collection bar also includes binding post, described binding post and institute
State center conductor to be connected.
5. ionisation-chamber arrangements according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described graphite ionization chamber also includes intermediate cavity,
It is arranged between described upper chamber and lower chambers；Described intermediate cavity is cylinder, and described cylindrical radius is hollow with described
The radius of hemisphere is equal.
6. ionisation-chamber arrangements according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that the edge of described upper chamber has tongue, described
The edge of lower chambers has the groove matching with described tongue.
7. ionisation-chamber arrangements according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described upper chamber, lower chambers and collector are by stone
Ink material is made.
8. ionisation-chamber arrangements according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described center conductor is made up of brass material, institute
State the surface gold-plating of center conductor.
9. ionisation-chamber arrangements according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described insulating bar, the first insulation division and second are exhausted
Edge is made up of polytrifluorochloroethylene or polyetheretherketonematerials materials.
10. ionisation-chamber arrangements according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described external connection bar is made up of duralumin material,
The chrome-faced of described external connection bar.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610963949.0A CN106449347A (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2016-10-28 | Ionization chamber device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610963949.0A CN106449347A (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2016-10-28 | Ionization chamber device |
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|---|---|
| CN106449347A true CN106449347A (en) | 2017-02-22 |
Family
ID=58179928
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610963949.0A Pending CN106449347A (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2016-10-28 | Ionization chamber device |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106783503A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-05-31 | 山东中测校准质控技术有限公司 | A kind of hollow cylindrical collector diagnoses ionisation chamber |
| CN108181639A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-06-19 | 中国计量科学研究院 | A kind of simulator for simulating human body eye lens ray energy deposition |
| CN108183060A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-06-19 | 中国计量科学研究院 | A kind of ionisation chamber for radiation dose monitoring |
| CN109011212A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-12-18 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Wide for medical accelerator can atmospheric air ionisation chamber |
| CN111487662A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-08-04 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Free air ionization chamber and air kerma measuring method |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106783503A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-05-31 | 山东中测校准质控技术有限公司 | A kind of hollow cylindrical collector diagnoses ionisation chamber |
| CN106783503B (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2018-05-25 | 山东中测校准质控技术有限公司 | A kind of hollow cylindrical collector diagnoses ionisation chamber |
| CN108181639A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-06-19 | 中国计量科学研究院 | A kind of simulator for simulating human body eye lens ray energy deposition |
| CN108183060A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-06-19 | 中国计量科学研究院 | A kind of ionisation chamber for radiation dose monitoring |
| CN108181639B (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-07-02 | 中国计量科学研究院 | A kind of simulator of simulation human body eye lens ray energy deposition |
| CN108183060B (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-07-23 | 中国计量科学研究院 | A kind of ionisation chamber for radiation dose monitoring |
| CN109011212A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-12-18 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Wide for medical accelerator can atmospheric air ionisation chamber |
| CN111487662A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-08-04 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Free air ionization chamber and air kerma measuring method |
| CN111487662B (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2022-04-29 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Free air ionization chamber and air kerma measuring method |
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Application publication date: 20170222 |