CN106442579A - Method for detecting on-site three-dimensional imaging of GIS center conductive member - Google Patents
Method for detecting on-site three-dimensional imaging of GIS center conductive member Download PDFInfo
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- CN106442579A CN106442579A CN201610810441.7A CN201610810441A CN106442579A CN 106442579 A CN106442579 A CN 106442579A CN 201610810441 A CN201610810441 A CN 201610810441A CN 106442579 A CN106442579 A CN 106442579A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
- G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/03—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation by transmission
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/10—Different kinds of radiation or particles
- G01N2223/101—Different kinds of radiation or particles electromagnetic radiation
- G01N2223/1016—X-ray
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting the on-site three-dimensional imaging of a GIS center conductive member. The method comprises the following steps: 1, arranging an X-ray source and a detector on both sides of an object to be detected respectively, wherein the X-ray source emits X-rays with the intensity of I0, and the intensity of the X-rays is I after passing through the object to be detected to the detector; 2, carrying out synchronized translation of the X-ray source and the detector by a certain number of step Nt, conducting same measurements on each translation step, and measuring the intensity I0 of the X-rays emitting from the X-ray source and intensity I of the X-rays when the X-rays reach the detector; 3, setting the coefficient of linear attenuation, caused by the object to be detected, of the X-rays as Mu; 4, solving the linear attenuation coefficient Mu of each point of the cross section in a ray projection group to know the distribution of linear attenuation coefficient Mu so as to obtain the three-dimensional image of the cross section; 5, forming the three-dimensional spatial data and images of the object to be detected. A conventional digital radiographic testing equipment is adopted for conducting three-dimensional imaging of a GIS device without power failure and dismantling, and monitoring, controlling and measuring of the on-site condition of the GIS center conductive member are thus achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to extra-high voltage grid technical field, especially relate to a kind of three-dimensional one-tenth in GIS center conductive component scene
As detection method.
Background technology
GIS Chinese full name is metal-insulator metal enclosed switch, is the core component of modern power network.GIS part is by center
Conductor and operating parts, housing, disc insulator composition, sulfur hexafluoride gas-insulating gas is filled in inner space.GIS inside center is led
Body is used for the conducting of electric current, is the main member realizing GIS function, is mainly made up of cellular conductor, chopper, arc-extinguish chamber etc..
Transformer station's GIS device is made up of shell, support insulators and center conductor, and center conductor relies on insulator and sulfur hexafluoride gas
It is dielectrically separated from.Center conductive component manufacture, assembling, run and maintenance process in can generation part come off, Local Cracking,
Material is misused and the defects such as motion dislocation, leads to GIS device electric discharge to be burnt, has influence on electric power netting safe running.In operation, need
Ray to be adopted detects to internals, the conventional defect detecting inside center component using digital radial, will be three-dimensional
Component compresses become planar graph it is impossible to realize effective detection and accurate measurement.This method utilizes conventional numerical ray detector,
In the case of not having a power failure and not disassembling, three-dimensional imaging is carried out to GIS device it is achieved that GIS device presence states are monitored and surveyed
Amount.
The patent of invention of publication number CN 104991133 discloses a kind of visualization of the GIS based on CR imaging Non-Destructive Testing side
Method, comprises the steps：A. partial discharge detection is carried out to GIS device, data is put in the office detecting and is analyzed, determine that defect is big
Cause position；B. CR film is fixed on the GIS tank body detecting defect, using X-ray emission machine, plays a game and release existing exception
Area illumination x-ray projection is on CR film；C. the CR film through x-ray bombardment is placed in CR scanner, and with electricity
Brain is connected, and the data on film is read in computer, forms visual image；D. analysis result, determines the position of GIS device defect
Put and its property.The method carries out partial discharge detection initially with ultrasound wave, determines defect approximate location, by X-ray transillumination GIS tank
Volume defect position, and project and be imaged on CR film, the final position determining GIS device defect and property, the method is only
GIS device defects detection can be used for, and can not be to the scantling of GIS device inside center conductive member, fit-up gap, surface
The integral status such as situation carry out effective detection and accurate measurement.
Content of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of GIS center conductive component scene
Three-dimensional imaging detection method, in order to using conventional numerical ray detector, not have a power failure and in the case of not disassembling, GIS to be set
For carrying out three-dimensional imaging, realize the monitoring of GIS device center conductive component presence states and measure.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention employs the following technical solutions：
A kind of GIS center conductive component scene three-dimensional imaging detection method, comprises the steps：
Step 1, is respectively provided with x-ray source and detector in object to be detected both sides, and it is I that described x-ray source sends intensity0
X-ray, described X-ray is I through the intensity that object to be detected reaches detector, and record X-ray send intensity I0With arrive
Reach the intensity I of detector；
Step 2, by x-ray source with detector in certain step number Nt of plane of vision inter-sync translation, often translates a step equal
Make same measurement, record ray sends intensity I0With the intensity I reaching detector；Rotate to an angleResynchronisation is flat
Move Nt step, recordAnother group of data under angle；So repeat, until rotationSecondary, number of revolutionsRotate with each
Long-pending at least 180 ° of angle, that is,ObtainGroup data post-sampling stops；
Step 3, object to be detected is μ for the linear attenuation coefficient of X-ray, and attenuation coefficient mu=μ (x, y), then a certain
On direction, the complete attenuation along a certain path L is：
In formula, ∫ μ d1 is the ray projection of object to be detected；
Step 4, solves the distribution of the linear attenuation coefficient μ of section each point from ray projection group, obtains detected material
Using image intensity value, the Density Distribution of body tomography, represents that density size distribution obtains this tomography 3-D view；
Step 5, using conical projection method for reconstructing, forms space three-dimensional data and the image of object to be detected.
Preferably, described x-ray source sends X-ray is collimated to become single beam X-ray.
Preferably, described testee includes GIS center conductive component.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
The present invention adopts digital radial detection technique, perpendicular to GIS axis, along the circumferential direction to GIS center conductive component
Repeatedly transillumination, obtains digital radial detection image.Ray picture is converted to the forms such as jpg, BMP, TIFF, using conical projection
Method for reconstructing, (workpiece each point three-dimensional is with gray value come table for the space three-dimensional data of formation center conductive component
Reach, form three-dimensional data) and image, to measure GIS internals size, fit-up gap, surface appearance.
The present invention is used for state verification and the observation of GIS device inside center component, by using the inspection of ordinary numbers ray
Measurement equipment, realizes accurate and effective measurement GIS internals size, fit-up gap, surface appearance.Live strong applicability, detection
Speed is fast, easily realizes Site Detection.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will illustrate in the following description, and, partly become from description
Obtain it is clear that or being understood by implementing the present invention.The purpose of the present invention and other advantages can be by the explanations write
In book, claims and accompanying drawing, specifically noted structure is realizing and to obtain.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in figure 1, when beam of x-rays injects certain material, photoelectric effect, Kang Wu scattering and electronics pair will occur
Three kinds of forms such as generation effect, its result is that the intensity of line of incidence weakens with the increase of incident depth, and obeys Bill
Exponential law.Take a preferable x-ray source, the X-ray that it sends is collimated to become superfine single beam X-ray, on its opposite
Place a detector.Measure the intensity I that x-ray source sends0(initial strength), and after the decay of certain thickness object
Reach the intensity I of detector, then x-ray source is translated certain step number Nt with detector in plane of vision inter-sync, translation
Step-length determines the certainty of measurement of system, often translates a step and all makees same measurement, so obtains one group of data；Rotate certain angle
Degree(such as 1 °), resynchronisation translation Nt step, obtain another group of data under new angle；So repeat, until rotationIt is secondary,
Number of revolutionsLong-pending with each anglec of rotation at least should be 180 °, that is,ObtainGroup data post-sampling
Stop.
First assume that object is uniform, object is μ for the linear attenuation coefficient of X-ray, when intensity is I0X-ray exist
Decay to I after travel distance x in this object, have by Bill's exponential law：
I=I0E- μ χ or μ x=Ln (I0/I) (1-1)
If object is piecewise uniform, each section of linear attenuation coefficient is respectively μ 1, μ 2, μ 3 ..., and corresponding length is
X1, x2, x3 ..., then following formula establishment；
μ 1x1+ μ 2x2+ μ 3x3+ ...=ln (I0/I) (1-2)
More generally, object is all uneven in X, Y plane, i.e. attenuation coefficient mu=μ (x, y), then in one direction,
Complete attenuation along a certain path L is：
This formula is referred to as ray projection.Obviously, record I0With I, you can know ∫ μ d1, and our task is to be according to one
The projection ∫ μ d1 of row, inquires into and integrand μ.Thus can draw corresponding to μ distribution, thus drawing the image of Density Distribution.
So, the work process of three-dimensional imaging substantially can be divided into two steps, and first, each hardware using composition 3-D imaging system obtains
Ray projection under the multiple angle of object to be detected, second, solve section each point from ray projection group with mathematical method
Linear absorption coefficient distribution, that is, the Density Distribution of tested object tomography, represents density size distribution using image intensity value
Can this tomography 3-D view.
Three-dimensional imaging image resolution ratio is generally divided into spatial resolution (geometric resolution) and two aspects of density resolution.
Spatial resolution is also referred to as geometric resolution, refers to distinguish the ability of smallest object from 3-D view.Density resolution is
The important performance indexes of three-dimensional image forming apparatus, it be using the gray scale of image go to differentiate tested object material basic skills (because
It is directly to reflect density for gray scale)., also known as contrast resolution, its method for expressing is generally with density (by ash for density resolution
Degree) percentage change (%) represents mutual variation relation.Theory and practice all shows, in the case that radiation dose is certain,
Spatial resolution and density resolution are contradiction.When tested article size changes, density resolution also can change, both
Amass as a constant, referred to as contrast detail constant, it depends on the dosage of ray and the performance of ICT device.From three-dimensional imaging
Learn in the contrast detail curve of device, density resolution higher (% value is less, such as 0.2) spatial resolution is lower, instead
Know, then spatial resolution is higher for density resolution lower (% value is bigger, such as 2%).
Density resolution characterizes the ability of three-dimensional imaging image reproducing density of material change.Generally with identifying on image
Smallest object contrast defining：
In formula, the attenuation factor value of μ f-- minutia；
The attenuation factor value of μ b-- background material；
μref-- with reference to attenuation quotient (referring generally to μ b)；
The factor of the contrast of impact object is component characteristic, density and the ray energy of material.Research shows：In mental retardation
Under (less than 1Mev), the interaction of ray and material is mainly photoelectric effect, and now, the component characteristic of material is to the master that decayed
Act on；At a high energy, Compton scattering is occupied an leading position, and now the density of material becomes approximate ratio to close with attenuation quotient
System, for uniform material, density is directly proportional with linear attenuation coefficient value.The principal element of impact density resolution is letter
Make an uproar and compare, the source of noise is mainly the quantum noise of radiation source, the statistic fluctuation penetrating source strength and radiogenic unstability, penetrates
The noise of line strength data collecting system, the error of position measuring system and image reconstruction algorithm approximation.Wherein quantum is made an uproar
Sound is topmost, and its relation and radiation source dosage between is pressed Brooks formula and calculated, density resolution to be improved, then source
Dosage will increase.
Using digital radial detection technique, perpendicular to GIS axis, along the circumferential direction repeatedly saturating to GIS center conductive component
According to acquisition digital radial detection image.Ray picture is converted to the forms such as jpg, BMP, TIFF, using conical projection reconstruction side
Method, forms space three-dimensional data and the image of center conductive component, to measure GIS internals size, fit-up gap, surface shape
Condition.
Illustrate, above example only in order to technical scheme is described and unrestricted, ordinary skill
Other modifications or equivalent that personnel are made to technical scheme, without departing from the essence of technical solution of the present invention
God and scope, all should cover in the middle of scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of GIS center conductive component scene three-dimensional imaging detection method it is characterised in that：Comprise the steps：
Step 1, is respectively provided with x-ray source and detector in object to be detected both sides, and it is I that described x-ray source sends intensity0X penetrate
Line, described X-ray is I through the intensity that object to be detected reaches detector, and record X-ray send intensity I0Detect with reaching
The intensity I of device；
Step 2, by x-ray source with detector in certain step number Nt of plane of vision inter-sync translation, often translates a step and all makees together
The measurement of sample, record ray sends intensity I0With the intensity I reaching detector；Rotate to an angleResynchronisation translation Nt
Step, recordsAnother group of data under angle；So repeat, until rotationSecondary, number of revolutionsWith each anglec of rotation
Long-pending at least 180 °, that is,ObtainGroup data post-sampling stops；
Step 3, object to be detected is μ for the linear attenuation coefficient of X-ray, and attenuation coefficient mu=μ (x, y), then in a direction
On, the complete attenuation along a certain path L is：
In formula, ∫ μ d1 is the ray projection of object to be detected；
Step 4, solves the distribution of the linear attenuation coefficient μ of section each point from ray projection group, obtains object to be detected
Using image intensity value, the Density Distribution of tomography, represents that density size distribution obtains this tomography 3-D view；
Step 5, using conical projection method for reconstructing, forms space three-dimensional data and the image of object to be detected.
2. a kind of GIS center conductive component scene three-dimensional imaging detection method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：
X-ray that described x-ray source sends is collimated to become single beam X-ray.
3. a kind of GIS center conductive component scene three-dimensional imaging detection method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：
Described testee includes GIS center conductive component.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111079955A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-04-28 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | GIS (geographic information System) equipment defect detection method based on X-ray imaging |
| CN111505031A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-08-07 | 国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Three-dimensional visual imaging detection method for internal structure of gas insulated electrical equipment |
| CN112285133A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-29 | 苏州未艾视智能科技有限公司 | X-ray slab imager and detection method |
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