CN106441476A - Runoff combined flowmeter for slope farmland - Google Patents
Runoff combined flowmeter for slope farmland Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106441476A CN106441476A CN201610946309.9A CN201610946309A CN106441476A CN 106441476 A CN106441476 A CN 106441476A CN 201610946309 A CN201610946309 A CN 201610946309A CN 106441476 A CN106441476 A CN 106441476A
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- Prior art keywords
- water
- flowmeter
- tipping
- runoff
- bilateral
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F11/00—Apparatus requiring external operation adapted at each repeated and identical operation to measure and separate a predetermined volume of fluid or fluent solid material from a supply or container, without regard to weight, and to deliver it
- G01F11/10—Apparatus requiring external operation adapted at each repeated and identical operation to measure and separate a predetermined volume of fluid or fluent solid material from a supply or container, without regard to weight, and to deliver it with measuring chambers moved during operation
- G01F11/26—Apparatus requiring external operation adapted at each repeated and identical operation to measure and separate a predetermined volume of fluid or fluent solid material from a supply or container, without regard to weight, and to deliver it with measuring chambers moved during operation wherein the measuring chamber is filled and emptied by tilting or inverting the supply vessel, e.g. bottle-emptying apparatus
- G01F11/262—Apparatus requiring external operation adapted at each repeated and identical operation to measure and separate a predetermined volume of fluid or fluent solid material from a supply or container, without regard to weight, and to deliver it with measuring chambers moved during operation wherein the measuring chamber is filled and emptied by tilting or inverting the supply vessel, e.g. bottle-emptying apparatus for liquid or semi-liquid
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F15/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
- G01F15/07—Integration to give total flow, e.g. using mechanically-operated integrating mechanism
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F15/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
- G01F15/10—Preventing damage by freezing or excess pressure or insufficient pressure
- G01F15/105—Preventing damage by hydraulic shocks
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a runoff combined flowmeter for slope farmland. The runoff combined flowmeter comprises a water source hand valve, a signal transmitting water meter, an overturn bucket flowmeter, a water receiving inlet, a check valve and a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), wherein the water source hand valve, the signal transmitting water meter and the water receiving inlet are all positioned on a transverse water pipe; the water source hand valve is arranged at the inlet end of the transverse water pipe; the signal transmitting water meter is arranged behind the water source hand valve; the water receiving inlet is formed behind the signal transmitting water meter; the check valve is arranged at the top end of a vertical water pipe; the transverse water pipe is in right-angle communication with the vertical water pipe; the overturn bucket flowmeter is mounted at the lower end of the water receiving inlet; digital signals transmitted by the signal transmitting water meter and the overturn bucket flowmeter are received and processed by a PLC terminal. According to the runoff combined flowmeter disclosed by the invention, counting modes can be automatically switched according to a low-medium-high change process of runoff volume, water volume under a water dropping state can be accurately metered, and water volume under high flow can be metered; the runoff combined flowmeter is wide in application range and high in practicality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of effusion meter, and in particular to a kind of sloping upland runoff combination flowmeter, belong to hydraulic engineering
And agriculture field.
Background technology
Runoff is that Atmospheric precipitation is formed, and enters the current of river, lake or ocean by different paths in basin.Footpath
Stream can be divided into rainwash, interflow and subsurface flow by being formed and flow through path.Under equality strength condition of raining, sloping upland
The presence of the gradient can make domatic water, soil and Nutrient runoff water move under slope, or be passed through by forms such as seepage, leaching losses
Subsoil water being seeped under soil profile and then is migrated in receiving water body, causes the migration of substantial amounts of silt and nutrient loss, cause water
Body eutrophication.Therefore, it is that sloping upland water and soil is put down accurately to obtain sloping upland runoff rate change information in certain precipitation time section
The basis of the dynamic studies such as weighing apparatus and nutrient loss.
Apply more flow measurement device to have water meter in agricultural water conservancy project at present, but water meter does not turn under the state of dripping
Move, do not measured, and in the case of low discharge, though water meter dial plate is rotated, metering numerical error is big；Also double-side side-overturn is utilized
Bucket type measuring device calculates the effusion meter of the runoff water yield, such as Zhang Guilong etc.（2013）" the rainwash self-measuring device of invention（Shen
Please number CN201310243468.9）", but the device tipping bucket capacity is less, easily occurs overturning in time under heavy traffic condition
Problem；Ultrasonic liquid flow also with signal detection as principle is counted, such as big Jie in Japanese villa etc.（2007）That invented is super
Acoustic wave flow meter（Application number：CN200780048729.4）, but such device requires that in pipe, fluid pressure is stable, and only in liquid
Accuracy of measurement just can guarantee that when rate of flow of fluid is larger, as the changes in runoff in rainfall are larger, ultrasonic flowmeter hardly possible
To ensure the global precision in a rainfall.Further, since in sloping upland runoff, there is silt phenomenon, using common compact
Effusion meter easily causes clogging, it is impossible to meet sloping upland runoff measuring requirement.
Content of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of simple structure, metering is accurate, be easily installed reality
Apply, can be with the large, medium and small change procedure of rate of water added, the sloping upland runoff combination flowmeter of free switching counting mode.
The present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of sloping upland runoff combination flowmeter, it is characterised in that include：
Water source handss valve, for connecting the water leg below sloping upland, controls water source break-make to be batched；
Message-reporting water meter, for measuring the sloping upland runoff water of big flow；
Tipping bin flowmeter, positioned at message-reporting water meter downstream, for measuring the sloping upland runoff water of low discharge,
By the mouth of a river, above tipping bin flowmeter, for part sloping upland runoff water is introduced tipping bin flowmeter；
Horizontal water pipe, for connecting water source handss valve, message-reporting water meter and receiving the mouth of a river；
PLC, is connected with message-reporting water meter metering signal and tipping bin flowmeter metering signal, for collecting sender water
The flow summation of table and tipping bin flowmeter and choose whether to abandon tipping bin flowmeter continuous data.The PLC PLC technology
Device can receive and process the digital signal that message-reporting water meter and tipping bin flowmeter send.When measured flux is less than or equal to marginal value
When, PLC gives up water meter count value automatically, is stored in tipping bin flowmeter count value；When measured flux is more than critical
During value, PLC gives up tipping bin flowmeter count value automatically, is stored in water meter count value.
Used as improvement, horizontal water pipe end is provided with vertical water pipe, and the vertical water pipe is used for ensureing have in horizontal water pipe
Certain hydraulic pressure so that the low discharge water for coming from water source handss valve is all through being measured by the tipping bin flowmeter of lower section by the mouth of a river, perpendicular
Being provided with to water pipe top prevents the check (non-return) valve of aqueous reflux, prevents the tipping bin flowmeter for causing due to aqueous reflux in vertical water pipe from measuring
Error.
Used as improvement, the tipping bin flowmeter includes afflux groove, bilateral tipping bucket and two photoelectric counters, the afflux groove
Top is used for collecting the water from by mouth of a river outflow, and afflux trench bottom is provided with flow-out hole, using the double of mechanical type lever principle making
Catherine wheel is below flow-out hole, and bilateral tipping bucket is symmetrical arranged, and is provided with a rotating shaft at its bottom centre, and bilateral tipping bucket can rotate
Axle is freely rotated, and two photoelectric counters are respectively arranged on below bilateral tipping bucket two ends.
Used as improvement, the bilateral tipping bucket two ends are respectively arranged below with precise regulator, and the photoelectric counter is located at essence
Degree actuator top, the precise regulator is the cylinder of its overhead height of scalable.
Used as improvement, the tipping bin flowmeter bottom is provided with the base plate with screw, and the precise regulator is a screw rod, institute
State screw rod and two nuts are provided with, screw rod is located at base plate up and down by precise regulator respectively through the screw of base plate, two nuts
Fixing, by two nuts of the upper and lower precise regulator of regulating base board, it is possible to achieve precise regulator rises or falls.Pass through
Precise regulator adjusts the height of its top photoelectric counter, so as to realize the regulation of tipping bin flowmeter precision.
Used as improvement, the base plate is provided with osculum, and the osculum can be used for draining what bilateral tipping bucket flow down
Water, it can also be used to water sampling.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
1. can according to the water yield little, in, big change procedure, automatic switchover counting mode, can accurate measurement go out state of dripping
Under the water yield, the water yield under big flow can be measured again, applied widely, practical.
2. mechanical type lever principle, the different precision of the precise regulator scalable of tipping bin flowmeter, lowest accuracy are utilized
1L, full accuracy is up to 5ml.
3. adopt mechanical type counting mode, it is to avoid electronics moisture issues, be hardly damaged.
4. sloping upland interflow and rate of discharge of groundwater measurement requirement is disclosure satisfy that, is also applied for sand factor lower ground
Table footpath flow measurement.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
In Fig. 1,1- water source handss valve, 2- message-reporting water meter, 3- receives the mouth of a river, 4- tipping bin flowmeter, 5- bilateral tipping bucket, 6- precision tune
Section device, 7- osculum, 8- check (non-return) valve, 9-PLC Programmable Logic Controller, 10- afflux groove, 11- photoelectric counter, 12- rotating shaft.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.In figure, water source handss valve, 1, message-reporting water meter
2, by the mouth of a river 3, tipping bin flowmeter 4, bilateral tipping bucket 5, precise regulator 6, osculum 7, check (non-return) valve 8, PLC
9, afflux groove 10, photoelectric counter 11, rotating shaft 12.
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention includes water source handss valve 1, message-reporting water meter 2, receives the mouth of a river 3, tipping bin flowmeter 4, check (non-return) valve 8, PLC
Programmable Logic Controller 9.In being embodied as, water source handss valve 1, message-reporting water meter 2, it is respectively positioned on horizontal water pipe by the mouth of a river 3, water source handss valve
1 is arranged at horizontal water pipe entrance point, and message-reporting water meter 2 is arranged at after water source handss valve 1, is arranged at after message-reporting water meter 2 by the mouth of a river 3
Face, check (non-return) valve 8 is arranged at vertical water pipe top, and horizontal water pipe is at right angles connected with vertical water pipe.Tipping bin flowmeter 4 is installed on to be received
The digital signal that 3 lower end of the mouth of a river, message-reporting water meter 2 and tipping bin flowmeter 4 send is received by 9 terminal wireless of PLC
And process.
Referring to Fig. 1, the open and close of 1 control combination formula effusion meter of water source handss valve.
Referring to Fig. 1, the specification of message-reporting water meter 2 is 1L/ pulse.
Referring to Fig. 1, it is syphon shape by the water pipe lower end at the mouth of a river 3, is easy to guide current to flow into tipping bin flowmeter 4.
Referring to Fig. 1, the tipping bin flowmeter 4 includes afflux groove 10, bilateral tipping bucket 5 and two photoelectric counters 11, described
10 top of afflux groove is used for collecting the water from by the outflow of the mouth of a river 3, and 10 bottom of afflux groove is provided with flow-out hole, using mechanical type lever original
The bilateral tipping bucket 5 that reason makes is below flow-out hole, and bilateral tipping bucket 5 is symmetrical arranged, and is provided with a rotating shaft 12 at its bottom centre,
Bilateral tipping bucket 5 freely can be rotated around the shaft, and two photoelectric counters 11 are respectively arranged on below 5 two ends of bilateral tipping bucket.
5 two ends of bilateral tipping bucket are respectively arranged below with precise regulator 6, and the photoelectric counter 11 is adjusted positioned at precision
6 top of device, the precise regulator 6 is the cylinder of its overhead height of scalable.
4 bottom of the tipping bin flowmeter is provided with the base plate with screw, and the precise regulator 6 is a screw rod, the screw rod
Two nuts are provided with, precise regulator 6 is fixed positioned at base plate up and down respectively by screw rod through the screw of base plate, two nuts,
Two nuts by the upper and lower precise regulator 6 of regulating base board, it is possible to achieve precise regulator 6 rises or falls, so as to adjust
Section tipping bin flowmeter measuring accuracy.
Tipping bin flowmeter 4 includes bilateral tipping bucket 5, precise regulator 6 and osculum 7.Bilateral tipping bucket 5 utilizes mechanical type lever
Principle is manufactured, sensitivity height.Precise regulator 6 can adjust different precision as needed, and minimum 1L reaches as high as 5ml.Institute
State osculum 7 to can be used for draining the water that bilateral tipping bucket 5 flows down, it can also be used to water sampling in measurement process.
Referring to Fig. 1, check (non-return) valve 8 is installed on vertical water pipe top, is fallen by the water of vertical water pipe when preventing big flow
Stream.
Referring to Fig. 1, PLC 9 can be received and process the number that message-reporting water meter 2 and tipping bin flowmeter 4 send
Word signal.When measured flux is less than or equal to 31.6L/h, PLC 9 gives up 2 count value of message-reporting water meter automatically,
It is stored in 4 count value of tipping bin flowmeter；When measured flux is more than 31.6L/h, message-reporting water meter 2 and tipping bin flowmeter 4 are counted simultaneously,
PLC 9 judges marginal value according to receives frequency, and gathered data gives up 4 count value of tipping bin flowmeter automatically, is stored in
2 count value of message-reporting water meter.
The workflow of the present invention is as follows：
When rainfall starts, run-off is less, enters the water of horizontal water pipe in state of dripping by water source handss valve 1, now sender water
Table 2 counts inaccurate, and current are by being flowed into tipping bin flowmeter 4 by the mouth of a river 3, and PLC 9 gives up message-reporting water meter automatically
2 count values, are stored in 4 count value of tipping bin flowmeter；Increase over time, rainfall increases, and run-off also increases therewith, passes through
Water source handss valve 1 enters the water flow velocity of horizontal water pipe and increases, and when by the flow of message-reporting water meter 2 more than 31.6L/h, PLC can be compiled
Range controller 9 adopts 2 count value of message-reporting water meter, gives up automatically 4 count value of tipping bin flowmeter, and now current pass through tipping bin flowmeter
4 discharge, and when flow is excessive, a current part is discharged by tipping bin flowmeter 4, and another part is then by vertical water pipe top
Check (non-return) valve 8 is discharged；When rainfall soon terminates, and rainfall reduces again, soil run-off diminishes to the state of dripping, message-reporting water meter 2
Counting is inaccurate, and system automatically switches to tipping bin flowmeter 4 and counts, and realizes high-acruracy survey with this.
The function of the present invention is as follows：A kind of sloping upland runoff combination flowmeter simple structure, metering is accurate, be easily installed
Implement；Can according to the water yield little, in, big change procedure, automatic switchover counting mode, can accurate measurement go out to drip under state
The water yield, the water yield under big flow can be measured again, applied widely, practical；Using mechanical type counting mode, effectively keep away
Exempt from electronics moisture issues, be hardly damaged, long service life.
Protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the sloping upland runoff combination flowmeter component of fixed size, by changing
Corresponding parameter can just meet more demands.Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out some structures to the present invention
The change of size and number of components is without deviating from scope and spirit of the present invention.If these changes belong to invention claim
And its in the range of equivalent technologies, then the intention that invents also is changed comprising these.
Specific embodiment described herein is only explanation for example to present invention spirit.The affiliated technology neck of the present invention
The technical staff in domain can be made various modifications or supplement or replaced using similar mode to described specific embodiment
Generation, but the spirit without departing from the present invention or surmount scope defined in appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of sloping upland runoff combination flowmeter, it is characterised in that include：
Water source handss valve（1）, for connecting the water leg below sloping upland, control water source break-make to be batched；
Message-reporting water meter（2）, for measuring the sloping upland runoff water of big flow；
Tipping bin flowmeter（4）, positioned at message-reporting water meter（2）Downstream, for measuring the sloping upland runoff water of low discharge；
By the mouth of a river（3）, located at tipping bin flowmeter（4）Top, for introducing tipping bin flowmeter by part sloping upland runoff water（4）；
Horizontal water pipe, for connecting water source handss valve（1）, message-reporting water meter（2）With receive the mouth of a river（3）；
PLC（9）, with message-reporting water meter（2）Metering signal and tipping bin flowmeter（4）Metering signal is connected, and is used for
Collect message-reporting water meter（2）And tipping bin flowmeter（4）Flow summation and choose whether to abandon tipping bin flowmeter（4）Stoichiometric number
According to.
2. a kind of sloping upland runoff combination flowmeter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that laterally water pipe end is provided with
Vertical water pipe, the vertical water pipe is used for ensureing in horizontal water pipe with certain hydraulic pressure so that from water source handss valve（1）Come over is little
Flow water is all through by the mouth of a river（3）Tipping bin flowmeter by lower section（4）Metering, vertical water pipe top is provided with and prevents aqueous reflux
Check (non-return) valve（8）.
3. a kind of sloping upland runoff combination flowmeter according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the tipping bin flowmeter
（4）Including afflux groove（10）, bilateral tipping bucket（5）With two photoelectric counters（11）, the afflux groove top is used for collecting from receiving
The mouth of a river（3）The water of outflow, afflux trench bottom is provided with flow-out hole, the bilateral tipping bucket for being made using mechanical type lever principle（5）It is located at
Below flow-out hole, bilateral tipping bucket（5）It is symmetrical arranged, at its bottom centre, is provided with a rotating shaft（12）, bilateral tipping bucket（5）Can rotate
Axle（12）Freely rotate, two photoelectric counters（11）It is respectively arranged on bilateral tipping bucket（5）Below two ends.
4. a kind of sloping upland runoff combination flowmeter according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the bilateral tipping bucket（5）
Two ends are respectively arranged below with precise regulator（6）, the photoelectric counter is positioned at precise regulator（6）Top, the precision is adjusted
Section device（6）Cylinder for its overhead height of scalable.
5. a kind of sloping upland runoff combination flowmeter according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the tipping bin flowmeter
（4）Bottom is provided with the base plate with screw, the precise regulator（6）For a screw rod, the screw rod is provided with two nuts, screw rod
Through the screw of base plate, two nuts are located at base plate respectively up and down by precise regulator（6）Fixing, upper and lower by regulating base board
Precise regulator（6）Two nuts, it is possible to achieve precise regulator（6）Rise or fall, so as to adjust tipping bin flowmeter meter
Accuracy of measurement.
6. a kind of sloping upland runoff combination flowmeter according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the base plate is provided with row
Water hole（7）, the osculum（7）Can be used for draining bilateral tipping bucket（5）The water for flowing down, it can also be used to water sampling.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610946309.9A CN106441476B (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | Combined flow meter for hillside farmland runoff |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610946309.9A CN106441476B (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | Combined flow meter for hillside farmland runoff |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106441476A true CN106441476A (en) | 2017-02-22 |
| CN106441476B CN106441476B (en) | 2023-08-25 |
Family
ID=58178869
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610946309.9A Active CN106441476B (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | Combined flow meter for hillside farmland runoff |
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| CN (1) | CN106441476B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108955793A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-12-07 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of runoff self recording instrument easy to assemble |
| CN113405623A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-17 | 内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院 | Integrated check out test set of forest hydrology |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108955793A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-12-07 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of runoff self recording instrument easy to assemble |
| CN113405623A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-17 | 内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院 | Integrated check out test set of forest hydrology |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106441476B (en) | 2023-08-25 |
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